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The science–practice divide is a stubborn problem in environmental management. Existing research tells us that a range of factors affects the uptake of new science into practice and policy, including socio-organizational, individual, and evaluative variables. Here, we seek to understand the variables influencing the uptake of biotelemetry-derived information in the Laurentian Great Lakes fishery management system. To do so, we used semi-structured telephone interviews (n = 50) to capture the views of managers, researchers, and assessment biologists affiliated with the Great Lakes Fishery Commission (GLFC). Our results suggest that biotelemetry offers epistemological value (generating new and important information), but faces barriers tied to perceptions concerning practicalities of the technology, such as its cost. The practical limitations facing the use of biotelemetry evidence were more specific and potentially more easily resolved than the entrenched individual and socio-organizational challenges of using types of knowledge other than biotelemetry. The persistence of the science–practice divide was evident in our findings. Formal entities and boundary organizations such as the GLFC and inter-sectoral networks that promote interactions, meetings, and connections among researchers and practitioners can help overcome this gap. The Great Lakes Acoustic Telemetry Observation System (GLATOS) network can play a boundary role in facilitating biotelemetry science transfer by focusing on overcoming its evaluative limitations (e.g., costs, technological limitations). Further, the GLFC and GLATOS are well positioned to play a greater role in science transfer by facilitating interactions among scientists and practitioners to help reconcile differences in perceptions.

Conservation physiology has emerged as a discipline with many success stories. Yet, it is unclear how conservation physiology is currently integrated into the activities of bodies such as the IUCN and other agencies/organizations/bodies which undertake international, national, or regional species threat assessments and work with partners to develop recovery plans. Here we argue that conservation physiology has much to offer for the threat assessment process and outline the ways in which this can be operationalized. For instance, conservation physiology is effective at revealing causal relationships and mechanisms that explain observed patterns (e.g., population declines). Identifying the causes of population declines is a necessary precursor to reverse or mitigate such threats. Conservation physiology can also identify complex interactions and support modeling activities that consider emerging threats. When a population or species is deemed “threatened” and recovery plans are needed, physiology can be used to predict how organisms will respond to the conservation intervention and future threats. For example, if a recovery plan was focused on translocation, understanding how to safely translocate organisms would be necessary, as would ensuring that the recipient habitat provides the necessary environmental characteristics to meet the fundamental physiological needs/tolerances of that organism. Our hope is that this paper will clarify ways in which physiological data can play an important role in the conservation activities of bodies like the IUCN that are engaged in threat assessment and recovery of endangered organisms. Although we focus on activities at the international scale, these same concepts are relevant and applicable to national and regional bodies

There is growing interest in educating anglers on catch-and-release (C&R) best practices, yet there is little information on whether angler education programs yield measurable improvements in fish condition and survival. As such, we conducted a study focused on mixed-gender youth groups (aged 8–10) and contrasted three levels of training intervention. Treatment 1 training had no mention of C&R best practices. Treatments 2 and 3 trainings involved visual aids to illustrate best practices, while Treatment 3 added a hands-on demonstration. When caught by the most highly trained participants, fish experienced the least amount of air exposure, but were handled for longer periods, as trained anglers were more careful. Higher levels of training led to a higher likelihood that anglers wet their hands and used a bucket filled with water while handling fish but all treatment groups yielded similar incidences of deep hooking and bleeding. Overall, mortality (initial and after ∼12 h) was low across all treatments. Our findings suggest that a short (∼20 min) fishing workshop can transfer information on C&R practices, at least in the short-term, that can lead to some improved conditions for angler-caught fish. It is unclear the extent to which this information is retained in the long-term or how different target populations or training strategies might influence knowledge transfer and adoption and thus biological outcomes. With growing interest in sharing C&R best practices with anglers, we suggest that there is need for additional research on outreach strategies to ensure that such efforts are effective and yield meaningful benefits to fish welfare and conservation.