Author: "Calabrese E." - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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2,226 results on '"Calabrese E."'

1. Multi-dimensional optimisation of the scanning strategy for the LiteBIRD space mission

Author: Takase, Y., Vacher, L., Ishino, H., Patanchon, G., Montier, L., Stever, S. L., Ishizaka, K., Nagano, Y., Wang, W., Aumont, J., Aizawa, K., Anand, A., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Bersanelli, M., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carinos, E., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Haan, T., de la Hoz, E., Della Torre, S., Diego-Palazuelos, P., D'Alessandro, G., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Finelli, F., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., González, R. González, Gruppuso, A., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Ikuma, K., Kohri, K., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Leloup, C., Lembo, M., Levrier, F., Lonappan, A. I., López-Caniego, M., Luzzi, G., Maffei, B., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Matsuda, F. T., Matsumura, T., Micheli, S., Migliaccio, M., Monelli, M., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Nagata, R., Namikawa, T., Novelli, A., Odagiri, K., Oguri, S., Omae, R., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Piacentini, F., Pinchera, M., Polenta, G., Porcelli, L., Raffuzzi, N., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Ruiz-Granda, M., Sakurai, Y., Scott, D., Sekimoto, Y., Shiraishi, M., Signorelli, G., Sullivan, R. M., Takakura, H., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Wehus, I. K., Westbrook, B., Weymann-Despres, G., Wollack, E. J., Zannoni, M., and Zhou, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Large angular scale surveys in the absence of atmosphere are essential for measuring the primordial $B$-mode power spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Since this proposed measurement is about three to four orders of magnitude fainter than the temperature anisotropies of the CMB, in-flight calibration of the instruments and active suppression of systematic effects are crucial. We investigate the effect of changing the parameters of the scanning strategy on the in-flight calibration effectiveness, the suppression of the systematic effects themselves, and the ability to distinguish systematic effects by null-tests. Next-generation missions such as LiteBIRD, modulated by a Half-Wave Plate (HWP), will be able to observe polarisation using a single detector, eliminating the need to combine several detectors to measure polarisation, as done in many previous experiments and hence avoiding the consequent systematic effects. While the HWP is expected to suppress many systematic effects, some of them will remain. We use an analytical approach to comprehensively address the mitigation of these systematic effects and identify the characteristics of scanning strategies that are the most effective for implementing a variety of calibration strategies in the multi-dimensional space of common spacecraft scan parameters. We also present Falcons, a fast spacecraft scanning simulator that we developed to investigate this scanning parameter space.
Published: 2024

2. LiteBIRD Science Goals and Forecasts. Mapping the Hot Gas in the Universe

Author: Remazeilles, M., Douspis, M., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Banday, A. J., Chluba, J., de Bernardis, P., De Petris, M., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Luzzi, G., Macias-Perez, J., Masi, S., Namikawa, T., Salvati, L., Tanimura, H., Aizawa, K., Anand, A., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Bersanelli, M., Blinov, D., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carinos, E., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., de Haan, T., de la Hoz, E., Della Torre, S., Diego-Palazuelos, P., D'Alessandro, G., Eriksen, H. K., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Gervasi, M., Génova-Santos, R. T., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., González, R. González, Gruppuso, A., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Herranz, D., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Leloup, C., Levrier, F., Lonappan, A. I., López-Caniego, M., Maffei, B., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Micheli, S., Migliaccio, M., Monelli, M., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Nagano, Y., Nagata, R., Novelli, A., Omae, R., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Pavlidou, V., Piacentini, F., Pinchera, M., Polenta, G., Porcelli, L., Ritacco, A., Ruiz-Granda, M., Sakurai, Y., Scott, D., Shiraishi, M., Stever, S. L., Sullivan, R. M., Takase, Y., Tassis, K., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Wehus, I. K., Westbrook, B., Weymann-Despres, G., Wollack, E. J., Zannoni, M., and Zhou, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We assess the capabilities of the LiteBIRD mission to map the hot gas distribution in the Universe through the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect. Our analysis relies on comprehensive simulations incorporating various sources of Galactic and extragalactic foreground emission, while accounting for specific instrumental characteristics of LiteBIRD, such as detector sensitivities, frequency-dependent beam convolution, inhomogeneous sky scanning, and $1/f$ noise. We implement a tailored component-separation pipeline to map the thermal SZ Compton $y$-parameter over 98% of the sky. Despite lower angular resolution for galaxy cluster science, LiteBIRD provides full-sky coverage and, compared to the Planck satellite, enhanced sensitivity, as well as more frequency bands to enable the construction of an all-sky $y$-map, with reduced foreground contamination at large and intermediate angular scales. By combining LiteBIRD and Planck channels in the component-separation pipeline, we obtain an optimal $y$-map that leverages the advantages of both experiments, with the higher angular resolution of the Planck channels enabling the recovery of compact clusters beyond the LiteBIRD beam limitations, and the numerous sensitive LiteBIRD channels further mitigating foregrounds. The added value of LiteBIRD is highlighted through the examination of maps, power spectra, and one-point statistics of the various sky components. After component separation, the $1/f$ noise from LiteBIRD is effectively mitigated below the thermal SZ signal at all multipoles. Cosmological constraints on $S_8=\sigma_8\left(\Omega_{\rm m}/0.3\right)^{0.5}$ obtained from the LiteBIRD-Planck combined $y$-map power spectrum exhibits a 15% reduction in uncertainty compared to constraints from Planck alone. This improvement can be attributed to the increased portion of uncontaminated sky available in the LiteBIRD-Planck combined $y$-map., Comment: 38 pages, 13 figures, abstract shortened, submitted to JCAP
Published: 2024

3. Evidence for large baryonic feedback at low and intermediate redshifts from kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich observations with ACT and DESI photometric galaxies

Author: Hadzhiyska, B., Ferraro, S., Guachalla, B. Ried, Schaan, E., Aguilar, J., Battaglia, N., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Calabrese, E., Choi, S. K., Claybaugh, T., Coulton, W. R., Dawson, K., Devlin, M., Dey, B., Doel, P., Duivenvoorden, A. J., Dunkley, J., Farren, G. S., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gallardo, P. A., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho, S. Gontcho, Gralla, M., Guillou, L. Le, Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Hill, J. C., Hložek, R., Honscheid, K., Juneau, S., Kisner, T., Kremin, A., Landriau, M., Liu, R. H., Louis, T., MacCrann, N., de Macorra, A., Madhavacheril, M., Manera, M., Meisner, A., Miquel, R., Moodley, K., Moustakas, J., Mroczkowski, T., Naess, S., Newman, J., Niemack, M. D., Niz, G., Page, L., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Partridge, B., Percival, W. J., Prada, F., Qu, F. J., Rossi, G., Sanchez, E., Schlegel, D., Schubnell, M., Sehgal, N., Seo, H., Sifón, C., Spergel, D., Sprayberry, D., Staggs, S., Tarlé, G., Vargas, C., Vavagiakis, E. M., Weaver, B. A., Wollack, E. J., Zhou, R., and Zou, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Recent advances in cosmological observations have provided an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the distribution of baryons relative to the underlying matter. In this work, we robustly show that the gas is much more extended than the dark matter at 40$\sigma$ and the amount of baryonic feedback at $z \lesssim 1$ strongly disfavors low-feedback models such as that of state-of-the-art hydrodynamical simulation IllustrisTNG compared with high-feedback models such as that of the original Illustris simulation. This has important implications for bridging the gap between theory and observations and understanding galaxy formation and evolution. Furthermore, a better grasp of the baryon-dark matter link is critical to future cosmological analyses, which are currently impeded by our limited knowledge of baryonic feedback. Here, we measure the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT), stacked on the luminous red galaxy (LRG) sample of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) imaging survey. This is the first analysis to use photometric redshifts for reconstructing galaxy velocities. Due to the large number of galaxies comprising the DESI imaging survey, this is the highest signal-to-noise stacked kSZ measurement to date: we detect the signal at 13$\sigma$ and find that the gas is more spread out than the dark matter at $\sim$40$\sigma$. Our work opens up the possibility to recalibrate large hydrodynamical simulations using the kSZ effect. In addition, our findings point towards a way of alleviating inconsistencies between weak lensing surveys and cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments such as the `low $S_8$' tension, and shed light on long-standing enigmas in astrophysics such as the `missing baryon' problem., Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, submitting to PRL
Published: 2024

4. A complete framework for cosmological emulation and inference with CosmoPower

Author: Jense, H. T., Harrison, I., Calabrese, E., Mancini, A. Spurio, Bolliet, B., Dunkley, J., and Hill, J. C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a coherent, re-usable python framework which further builds on the cosmological emulator code CosmoPower. In the current era of high-precision cosmology, we require high-accuracy calculations of cosmological observables with Einstein-Boltzmann codes. For detailed statistical analyses, such codes often incur high costs in terms of computing power, making parameter space exploration costly, especially for beyond-$\Lambda$CDM analyses. Machine learning-enabled emulators of Einstein-Boltzmann codes have emerged as a solution to this problem and have become a common way to perform fast cosmological analyses. To enable generation, sharing and use of emulators for inference, we define standards for robustly describing, packaging and distributing them, and present software for easily performing these tasks in an automated and replicable manner. We provide examples and guidelines for generating your own sufficiently accurate emulators and wrappers for using them in popular cosmological inference codes. We demonstrate our framework by presenting a suite of high-accuracy emulators for the CAMB code's calculations of CMB $C_\ell$, $P(k)$, background evolution, and derived parameter quantities. We show that these emulators are accurate enough for both $\Lambda$CDM analysis and a set of single- and two-parameter extension models (including $N_{\rm eff}$, $\sum m_{\nu}$ and $w_0 w_a$ cosmologies) with stage-IV observatories, recovering the original high-accuracy Einstein-Boltzmann spectra to tolerances well within the cosmic variance uncertainties across the full range of parameters considered. We also use our emulators to recover cosmological parameters in a simulated cosmic-variance limited experiment, finding results well within $0.1 \sigma$ of the input cosmology, while requiring typically $\lesssim1/50$ of the evaluation time than for the full Einstein-Boltzmann computation., Comment: All codes will be available at https://github.com/alessiospuriomancini/cosmopower
Published: 2024

5. LiteBIRD Science Goals and Forecasts: Primordial Magnetic Fields

Author: Paoletti, D., Rubino-Martin, J., Shiraishi, M., Molinari, D., Chluba, J., Finelli, F., Baccigalupi, C., Errard, J., Gruppuso, A., Lonappan, A. I., Tartari, A., Allys, E., Anand, A., Aumont, J., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Bersanelli, M., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Conenna, G., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., Della Torre, S., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Eriksen, H. K., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., Grupp, F., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Hivon, E., Ichiki, K., Ishino, H., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Krachmalnicoff, N., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Lembo, M., Levrier, F., López-Caniego, M., Luzzi, G., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Micheli, S., Migliaccio, M., Monelli, M., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mousset, L., Nagata, R., Namikawa, T., Natoli, P., Novelli, A., Obata, I., Occhiuzzi, A., Odagiri, K., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Pascual-Cisneros, G., Piacentini, F., Piccirilli, G., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Ruiz-Granda, M., Sakurai, Y., Scott, D., Stever, S. L., Sullivan, R. M., Takase, Y., Tassis, K., Terenzi, L., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Wehus, I. K., Weymann-Despres, G., Zannoni, M., and Zhou, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present detailed forecasts for the constraints on primordial magnetic fields (PMFs) that will be obtained with the LiteBIRD satellite. The constraints are driven by the effects of PMFs on the CMB anisotropies: the gravitational effects of magnetically-induced perturbations; the effects on the thermal and ionization history of the Universe; the Faraday rotation imprint on the CMB polarization; and the non-Gaussianities induced in polarization anisotropies. LiteBIRD represents a sensitive probe for PMFs and by exploiting all the physical effects, it will be able to improve the current limit coming from Planck. In particular, thanks to its accurate $B$-mode polarization measurement, LiteBIRD will improve the constraints on infrared configurations for the gravitational effect, giving $B_{\rm 1\,Mpc}^{n_{\rm B} =-2.9} < 0.8$ nG at 95% C.L., potentially opening the possibility to detect nanogauss fields with high significance. We also observe a significant improvement in the limits when marginalized over the spectral index, $B_{1\,{\rm Mpc}}^{\rm marg}< 2.2$ nG at 95% C.L. From the thermal history effect, which relies mainly on $E$-mode polarization data, we obtain a significant improvement for all PMF configurations, with the marginalized case, $\sqrt{\langle B^2\rangle}^{\rm marg}<0.50$ nG at 95% C.L. Faraday rotation constraints will take advantage of the wide frequency coverage of LiteBIRD and the high sensitivity in $B$ modes, improving the limits by orders of magnitude with respect to current results, $B_{1\,{\rm Mpc}}^{n_{\rm B} =-2.9} < 3.2$ nG at 95% C.L. Finally, non-Gaussianities of the $B$-mode polarization can probe PMFs at the level of 1 nG, again significantly improving the current bounds from Planck. Altogether our forecasts represent a broad collection of complementary probes, providing conservative limits on PMF characteristics that will be achieved with LiteBIRD., Comment: 51 pages, 24 figures, abstract shortened
Published: 2024

6. The Simons Observatory: impact of bandpass, polarization angle and calibration uncertainties on small-scale power spectrum analysis

Author: Giardiello, S., Gerbino, M., Pagano, L., Alonso, D., Beringue, B., Bolliet, B., Calabrese, E., Coppi, G., Errard, J., Fabbian, G., Harrison, I., Hill, J. C., Jense, H. T., Keating, B., La Posta, A., Lattanzi, M., Lonappan, A. I., Puglisi, G., Reichardt, C. L., and Simon, S. M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We study the effects due to mismatches in passbands, polarization angles, and temperature and polarization calibrations in the context of the upcoming cosmic microwave background experiment Simons Observatory (SO). Using the SO multi-frequency likelihood, we estimate the bias and the degradation of constraining power in cosmological and astrophysical foreground parameters assuming different levels of knowledge of the instrumental effects. We find that incorrect but reasonable assumptions about the values of all the systematics examined here can have significant effects on cosmological analyses, hence requiring marginalization approaches at the likelihood level. When doing so, we find that the most relevant effect is due to bandpass shifts. When marginalizing over them, the posteriors of parameters describing astrophysical microwave foregrounds (such as radio point sources or dust) get degraded, while cosmological parameters constraints are not significantly affected. Marginalization over polarization angles with up to 0.25$^\circ$ uncertainty causes an irrelevant bias $\lesssim 0.05 \sigma$ in all parameters. Marginalization over calibration factors in polarization broadens the constraints on the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom $N_\mathrm{eff}$ by a factor 1.2, interpreted here as a proxy parameter for non standard model physics targeted by high-resolution CMB measurements., Comment: 61 pages (27 of which are appendices), 26 figures, 12 tables. (Replacement to update the acknowledgments)
Published: 2024
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7. LiteBIRD Science Goals and Forecasts: Improving Sensitivity to Inflationary Gravitational Waves with Multitracer Delensing

Author: Namikawa, T., Lonappan, A. I., Baccigalupi, C., Bartolo, N., Beck, D., Benabed, K., Challinor, A., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Errard, J., Farrens, S., Gruppuso, A., Krachmalnicoff, N., Migliaccio, M., Martínez-González, E., Pettorino, V., Piccirilli, G., Ruiz-Granda, M., Sherwin, B., Starck, J., Vielva, P., Akizawa, R., Anand, A., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Azzoni, S., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bersanelli, M., Blinov, D., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Carralot, F., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Conenna, G., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., de Haan, T., De Petris, M., Della Torre, S., Di Giorgi, E., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli, F., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Georges, M., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Hivon, E., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Leloup, C., Lembo, M., López-Caniego, M., Luzzi, G., Maffei, B., Masi, S., Massa, M., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Micheli, S., Moggi, A., Monelli, M., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Mousset, L., Nagata, R., Natoli, P., Novelli, A., Obata, I., Occhiuzzi, A., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Pascual-Cisneros, G., Pavlidou, V., Piacentini, F., Pinchera, M., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Puglisi, G., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Rizzieri, A., Rubino-Martin, J., Sakurai, Y., Scott, D., Shiraishi, M., Signorelli, G., Stever, S. L., Takase, Y., Tanimura, H., Tartari, A., Tassis, K., Terenzi, L., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., van Tent, B., Wehus, I. K., Weymann-Despres, G., Zannoni, M., and Zhou, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We estimate the efficiency of mitigating the lensing $B$-mode polarization, the so-called delensing, for the $LiteBIRD$ experiment with multiple external data sets of lensing-mass tracers. The current best bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, is limited by lensing rather than Galactic foregrounds. Delensing will be a critical step to improve sensitivity to $r$ as measurements of $r$ become more and more limited by lensing. In this paper, we extend the analysis of the recent $LiteBIRD$ forecast paper to include multiple mass tracers, i.e., the CMB lensing maps from $LiteBIRD$ and CMB-S4-like experiment, cosmic infrared background, and galaxy number density from $Euclid$- and LSST-like survey. We find that multi-tracer delensing will further improve the constraint on $r$ by about $20\%$. In $LiteBIRD$, the residual Galactic foregrounds also significantly contribute to uncertainties of the $B$-modes, and delensing becomes more important if the residual foregrounds are further reduced by an improved component separation method., Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2023

8. LiteBIRD Science Goals and Forecasts: A full-sky measurement of gravitational lensing of the CMB

Author: Lonappan, A. I., Namikawa, T., Piccirilli, G., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Ruiz-Granda, M., Migliaccio, M., Baccigalupi, C., Bartolo, N., Beck, D., Benabed, K., Challinor, A., Errard, J., Farrens, S., Gruppuso, A., Krachmalnicoff, N., Martínez-González, E., Pettorino, V., Sherwin, B., Starck, J., Vielva, P., Akizawa, R., Anand, A., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Azzoni, S., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bersanelli, M., Blinov, D., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Carralot, F., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Conenna, G., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., De Petris, M., Della Torre, S., Di Giorgi, E., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli, F., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Georges, M., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Génova-Santos, R. T., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Hivon, E., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Leloup, C., Lembo, M., López-Caniego, M., Luzzi, G., Macias-Perez, J., Maffei, B., Masi, S., Massa, M., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Micheli, S., Moggi, A., Monelli, M., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Mousset, L., Nagata, R., Natoli, P., Novelli, A., Obata, I., Occhiuzzi, A., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Pascual-Cisneros, G., Pavlidou, V., Piacentini, F., Pinchera, M., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Puglisi, G., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Rizzieri, A., Sakurai, Y., Scott, D., Shiraishi, M., Signorelli, G., Stever, S. L., Takase, Y., Tanimura, H., Tartari, A., Tassis, K., Terenzi, L., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., van Tent, B., Wehus, I. K., Weymann-Despres, G., Zannoni, M., and Zhou, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We explore the capability of measuring lensing signals in $LiteBIRD$ full-sky polarization maps. With a $30$ arcmin beam width and an impressively low polarization noise of $2.16\,\mu$K-arcmin, $LiteBIRD$ will be able to measure the full-sky polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) very precisely. This unique sensitivity also enables the reconstruction of a nearly full-sky lensing map using only polarization data, even considering its limited capability to capture small-scale CMB anisotropies. In this paper, we investigate the ability to construct a full-sky lensing measurement in the presence of Galactic foregrounds, finding that several possible biases from Galactic foregrounds should be negligible after component separation by harmonic-space internal linear combination. We find that the signal-to-noise ratio of the lensing is approximately $40$ using only polarization data measured over $90\%$ of the sky. This achievement is comparable to $Planck$'s recent lensing measurement with both temperature and polarization and represents a four-fold improvement over $Planck$'s polarization-only lensing measurement. The $LiteBIRD$ lensing map will complement the $Planck$ lensing map and provide several opportunities for cross-correlation science, especially in the northern hemisphere.
Published: 2023
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9. LiteBIRD Science Goals and Forecasts. A Case Study of the Origin of Primordial Gravitational Waves using Large-Scale CMB Polarization

Author: Campeti, P., Komatsu, E., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Bartolo, N., Carones, A., Errard, J., Finelli, F., Flauger, R., Galli, S., Galloni, G., Giardiello, S., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Kohri, K., Leloup, C., Lesgourgues, J., Macias-Perez, J., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Montier, L., Namikawa, T., Paoletti, D., Poletti, D., Remazeilles, M., Shiraishi, M., van Tent, B., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., Vittorio, N., Weymann-Despres, G., Anand, A., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Basyrov, A., Bersanelli, M., Blinov, D., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Calabrese, E., Carralot, F., Casas, F. J., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Conenna, G., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., De Petris, M., Della Torre, S., Di Giorgi, E., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Eriksen, H. K., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloway, M., Georges, M., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J., Krachmalnicoff, N., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Lembo, M., Lonappan, A. I., Masi, S., Massa, M., Micheli, S., Moggi, A., Monelli, M., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Mousset, L., Nagata, R., Natoli, P., Novelli, A., Obata, I., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Pavlidou, V., Piacentini, F., Pinchera, M., Pisano, G., Puglisi, G., Raffuzzi, N., Ritacco, A., Rizzieri, A., Ruiz-Granda, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Signorelli, G., Stever, S. L., Stutzer, N., Sullivan, R. M., Tartari, A., Tassis, K., Terenzi, L., Thompson, K. L., Vielva, P., Wehus, I. K., and Zhou, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: We study the possibility of using the $LiteBIRD$ satellite $B$-mode survey to constrain models of inflation producing specific features in CMB angular power spectra. We explore a particular model example, i.e. spectator axion-SU(2) gauge field inflation. This model can source parity-violating gravitational waves from the amplification of gauge field fluctuations driven by a pseudoscalar "axionlike" field, rolling for a few e-folds during inflation. The sourced gravitational waves can exceed the vacuum contribution at reionization bump scales by about an order of magnitude and can be comparable to the vacuum contribution at recombination bump scales. We argue that a satellite mission with full sky coverage and access to the reionization bump scales is necessary to understand the origin of the primordial gravitational wave signal and distinguish among two production mechanisms: quantum vacuum fluctuations of spacetime and matter sources during inflation. We present the expected constraints on model parameters from $LiteBIRD$ satellite simulations, which complement and expand previous studies in the literature. We find that $LiteBIRD$ will be able to exclude with high significance standard single-field slow-roll models, such as the Starobinsky model, if the true model is the axion-SU(2) model with a feature at CMB scales. We further investigate the possibility of using the parity-violating signature of the model, such as the $TB$ and $EB$ angular power spectra, to disentangle it from the standard single-field slow-roll scenario. We find that most of the discriminating power of $LiteBIRD$ will reside in $BB$ angular power spectra rather than in $TB$ and $EB$ correlations., Comment: 22 pages, 13 figures. Submitted to JCAP
Published: 2023

10. Multi-technique characterization and thermal degradation study of epoxy modified resins designed for multifunctional applications

Author: Ciprioti, S. Vecchio, Raimondo, M., Vertuccio, L., Calabrese, E., Aliberti, F., and Guadagno, L.
Published: 2024
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11. Cosmology from Cross-Correlation of ACT-DR4 CMB Lensing and DES-Y3 Cosmic Shear

Author: Shaikh, S., Harrison, I., van Engelen, A., Marques, G. A., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Alves, O., Amon, A., An, R., Bacon, D., Battaglia, N., Becker, M. R., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Blazek, J., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Calabrese, E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carretero, J., Cawthon, R., Chang, C., Chen, R., Choi, A., Choi, S. K., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Darwish, O., Davis, T. M., Desai, S., Devlin, M., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Doux, C., Elvin-Poole, J., Farren, G. S., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Ferté, A., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gatti, M., Giannini, G., Giardiello, S., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hill, J. C., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Huffenberger, K. M., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Jarvis, M., Jeffrey, N., Jense, H. T., Knowles, K., Kim, J., Kramer, D., Lahav, O., Lee, S., Lima, M., MacCrann, N., Madhavacheril, M. S., Marshall, J. L., McCullough, J., Mehta, Y., Mena-Fernández, J., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Moodley, K., Myles, J., Navarro-Alsina, A., Newburgh, L., Niemack, M. D., Omori, Y., Pandey, S., Partridge, B., Pieres, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Porredon, A., Prat, J., Qu, F. J., Robertson, N., Rollins, R. P., Roodman, A., Samuroff, S., Sánchez, C., Sanchez, E., Cid, D. Sanchez, Secco, L. F., Sehgal, N., Sheldon, E., Sherwin, B. D., Shin, T., Smith, C. Sifón M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Troxel, M. A., Tutusaus, I., Vargas, C., Weaverdyck, N., Wiseman, P., Yamamoto, M., and Zuntz, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Cross-correlation between weak lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and weak lensing of galaxies offers a way to place robust constraints on cosmological and astrophysical parameters with reduced sensitivity to certain systematic effects affecting individual surveys. We measure the angular cross-power spectrum between the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) DR4 CMB lensing and the galaxy weak lensing measured by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Y3 data. Our baseline analysis uses the CMB convergence map derived from ACT-DR4 and $\textit{Planck}$ data, where most of the contamination due to the thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect is removed, thus avoiding important systematics in the cross-correlation. In our modelling, we consider the nuisance parameters of the photometric uncertainty, multiplicative shear bias and intrinsic alignment of galaxies. The resulting cross-power spectrum has a signal-to-noise ratio $= 7.1$ and passes a set of null tests. We use it to infer the amplitude of the fluctuations in the matter distribution ($S_8 \equiv \sigma_8 (\Omega_{\rm m}/0.3)^{0.5} = 0.782\pm 0.059$) with informative but well-motivated priors on the nuisance parameters. We also investigate the validity of these priors by significantly relaxing them and checking the consistency of the resulting posteriors, finding them consistent, albeit only with relatively weak constraints. This cross-correlation measurement will improve significantly with the new ACT-DR6 lensing map and form a key component of the joint 6x2pt analysis between DES and ACT., Comment: 26 pages, 30 figures (including appendices). Data associated with this article is available at https://github.com/itrharrison/actdr4kappa-x-desy3gamma-data
Published: 2023

12. Cosmological constraints from the tomography of DES-Y3 galaxies with CMB lensing from ACT DR4

Author: Marques, G. A., Madhavacheril, M. S., Darwish, O., Shaikh, S., Aguena, M., Alves, O., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Baxter, E. J., Bechtol, K., Becker, M. R., Bertin, E., Blazek, J., Bond, J. Richard, Brooks, D., Cai, H., Calabrese, E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carretero, M. Carrasco Kind J., Cawthon, R., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Dunkley, J., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Ferraro, Simone, Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., García-Bellido, J., Gatti, M., Giannini, G., Gluscevic, V., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Harrison, I., Hill, J. Colin, Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., Jeffrey, N., Kim, J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lemos, P., Lima, M., Huffenberger, K. M., MacCrann, N., Marshall, J. L., Mena-Fernández, J., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Moodley, K., Muir, J., Naess, S., Nati, F., Page, L. A., Palmese, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Porredon, A., Prat, J., Qu, F. J., Raveri, M., Ross, A. J., Rykoff, E. S., Farren, G. S., Samuroff, S., Sanchez, E., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Sherwin, B. D., Sifón, C., Smith, M., Spergel, D. N., Staggs, S. T., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., To, C., Van Engelen, A., Weaverdyck, N., Weller, J., Wenzl, L., Wiseman, P., Wollack, E. J., and Yanny, B.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a measurement of the cross-correlation between the MagLim galaxies selected from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) first three years of observations (Y3) and cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 4 (DR4), reconstructed over $\sim 436$ sq.deg. of the sky. Our galaxy sample, which covers $\sim 4143$ sq.deg., is divided into six redshift bins spanning the redshift range of $0.20
Published: 2023

13. The Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect with ACT, DES, and BOSS: a Novel Hybrid Estimator

Author: Mallaby-Kay, M., Amodeo, S., Hill, J. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Alves, O., Annis, J., Battaglia, N., Battistelli, E. S., Baxter, E. J., Bechtol, K., Becker, M. R., Bertin, E., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Calabrese, E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Choi, A., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Dunkley, J., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Frieman, J., Gallardo, P. A., García-Bellido, J., Giannini, G., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., James, D. J., Kosowsky, A., Kuehn, K., Lokken, M., Louis, T., Marshall, J. L., McMahon, J., Mena-Fernández, J., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Moodley, K., Mroczkowski, T., Naess, S., Niemack, M. D., Ogando, R. L. C., Page, L., Pandey, S., Pieres, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Raveri, M., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Rykoff, E. S., Samuroff, S., Sanchez, E., Schaan, E., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Sifón, C., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., To, C., Vargas, C., Vavagiakis, E. M., Weaverdyck, N., Weller, J., Wiseman, P., and Yanny, B.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ and tSZ) effects probe the abundance and thermodynamics of ionized gas in galaxies and clusters. We present a new hybrid estimator to measure the kSZ effect by combining cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropy maps with photometric and spectroscopic optical survey data. The method interpolates a velocity reconstruction from a spectroscopic catalog at the positions of objects in a photometric catalog, which makes it possible to leverage the high number density of the photometric catalog and the precision of the spectroscopic survey. Combining this hybrid kSZ estimator with a measurement of the tSZ effect simultaneously constrains the density and temperature of free electrons in the photometrically selected galaxies. Using the 1000 deg2 of overlap between the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 5, the first three years of data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES), and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release 12, we detect the kSZ signal at 4.8${\sigma}$ and reject the null (no-kSZ) hypothesis at 5.1${\sigma}$. This corresponds to 2.0${\sigma}$ per 100,000 photometric objects with a velocity field based on a spectroscopic survey with 1/5th the density of the photometric catalog. For comparison, a recent ACT analysis using exclusively spectroscopic data from BOSS measured the kSZ signal at 2.1${\sigma}$ per 100,000 objects. Our derived constraints on the thermodynamic properties of the galaxy halos are consistent with previous measurements. With future surveys, such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument and the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time, we expect that this hybrid estimator could result in measurements with significantly better signal-to-noise than those that rely on spectroscopic data alone., Comment: 19 pages, 15 figures - matches published version
Published: 2023
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14. Tensor-to-scalar ratio forecasts for extended LiteBIRD frequency configurations

Author: Fuskeland, U., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Génova-Santos, R. T., Hasebe, T., Hubmayr, J., Imada, H., Krachmalnicoff, N., Lamagna, L., Pisano, G., Poletti, D., Remazeilles, M., Thompson, K. L., Vacher, L., Wehus, I. K., Azzoni, S., Ballardini, M., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basyrov, A., Beck, D., Bersanelli, M., Bortolami, M., Brilenkov, M., Calabrese, E., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Chluba, J., Clark, S. E., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., de Haan, T., de la Hoz, E., De Petris, M., Della Torre, S., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Finelli, F., Franceschet, C., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gjerløw, E., Gruppuso, A., Hargrave, P., Hattori, M., Hazumi, M., Hergt, L. T., Herman, D., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Hoang, T. D., Kohri, K., Lattanzi, M., Lee, A. T., Leloup, C., Levrier, F., Lonappan, A. I., Luzzi, G., Maffei, B., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Migliaccio, M., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Mousset, L., Nagata, R., Namikawa, T., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Nerval, S., Novelli, A., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Pascual-Cisneros, G., Patanchon, G., Pelgrims, V., Piacentini, F., Piccirilli, G., Polenta, G., Puglisi, G., Raffuzzi, N., Ritacco, A., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Savini, G., Scott, D., Sekimoto, Y., Shiraishi, M., Signorelli, G., Stever, S. L., Stutzer, N., Sullivan, R. M., Takakura, H., Terenzi, L., Thommesen, H., Tristram, M., Tsuji, M., Vielva, P., Weller, J., Westbrook, B., Weymann-Despres, G., Wollack, E. J., and Zannoni, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: LiteBIRD is a planned JAXA-led CMB B-mode satellite experiment aiming for launch in the late 2020s, with a primary goal of detecting the imprint of primordial inflationary gravitational waves. Its current baseline focal-plane configuration includes 15 frequency bands between 40 and 402 GHz, fulfilling the mission requirements to detect the amplitude of gravitational waves with the total uncertainty on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $\delta r$, down to $\delta r<0.001$. A key aspect of this performance is accurate astrophysical component separation, and the ability to remove polarized thermal dust emission is particularly important. In this paper we note that the CMB frequency spectrum falls off nearly exponentially above 300 GHz relative to the thermal dust SED, and a relatively minor high frequency extension can therefore result in even lower uncertainties and better model reconstructions. Specifically, we compare the baseline design with five extended configurations, while varying the underlying dust modeling, in each of which the HFT (High-Frequency Telescope) frequency range is shifted logarithmically towards higher frequencies, with an upper cutoff ranging between 400 and 600 GHz. In each case, we measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ uncertainty and bias using both parametric and minimum-variance component-separation algorithms. When the thermal dust sky model includes a spatially varying spectral index and temperature, we find that the statistical uncertainty on $r$ after foreground cleaning may be reduced by as much as 30--50 % by extending the upper limit of the frequency range from 400 to 600 GHz, with most of the improvement already gained at 500 GHz. We also note that a broader frequency range leads to better ability to discriminate between models through higher $\chi^2$ sensitivity. (abridged), Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures. Published in A&A
Published: 2023
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15. The Simons Observatory: pipeline comparison and validation for large-scale B-modes

Author: Wolz, K., Azzoni, S., Hervias-Caimapo, C., Errard, J., Krachmalnicoff, N., Alonso, D., Baccigalupi, C., Lizancos, A. Baleato, Brown, M. L., Calabrese, E., Chluba, J., Dunkley, J., Fabbian, G., Galitzki, N., Jost, B., Morshed, M., and Nati, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The upcoming Simons Observatory Small Aperture Telescopes aim at achieving a constraint on the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ at the level of $\sigma(r=0)\lesssim0.003$, observing the polarized CMB in the presence of partial sky coverage, cosmic variance, inhomogeneous non-white noise, and Galactic foregrounds. We present three different analysis pipelines able to constrain $r$ given the latest available instrument performance, and compare their predictions on a set of sky simulations that allow us to explore a number of Galactic foreground models and elements of instrumental noise, relevant for the Simons Observatory. The three pipelines employ different combinations of parametric and non-parametric component separation at the map and power spectrum levels, and use B-mode purification to estimate the CMB B-mode power spectrum. We applied them to a common set of simulated realistic frequency maps, and compared and validated them with focus on their ability to extract robust constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$. We evaluated their performance in terms of bias and statistical uncertainty on this parameter. In most of the scenarios the three methodologies achieve similar performance. Nevertheless, several simulations with complex foreground signals lead to a $>2\sigma$ bias on $r$ if analyzed with the default versions of these pipelines, highlighting the need for more sophisticated pipeline components that marginalize over foreground residuals. We show two such extensions, using power-spectrum-based and map-based methods, that are able to fully reduce the bias on $r$ below the statistical uncertainties in all foreground models explored, at a moderate cost in terms of $\sigma(r)$., Comment: 20 pages, 15 figures
Published: 2023
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16. Probing cosmic inflation with the LiteBIRD cosmic microwave background polarization survey

Author: Allys, E, Arnold, K, Aumont, J, Aurlien, R, Azzoni, S, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, AJ, Banerji, R, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Bautista, L, Beck, D, Beckman, S, Bersanelli, M, Boulanger, F, Brilenkov, M, Bucher, M, Calabrese, E, Campeti, P, Carones, A, Casas, FJ, Catalano, A, Chan, V, Cheung, K, Chinone, Y, Clark, SE, Columbro, F, D’Alessandro, G, de Bernardis, P, de Haan, T, de la Hoz, E, De Petris, M, Torre, S Della, Diego-Palazuelos, P, Dobbs, M, Dotani, T, Duval, JM, Elleflot, T, Eriksen, HK, Errard, J, Essinger-Hileman, T, Finelli, F, Flauger, R, Franceschet, C, Fuskeland, U, Galloway, M, Ganga, K, Gerbino, M, Gervasi, M, Génova-Santos, RT, Ghigna, T, Giardiello, S, Gjerløw, E, Grain, J, Grupp, F, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Halverson, NW, Hargrave, P, Hasebe, T, Hasegawa, M, Hazumi, M, Henrot-Versillé, S, Hensley, B, Hergt, LT, Herman, D, Hivon, E, Hlozek, RA, Hornsby, AL, Hoshino, Y, Hubmayr, J, Ichiki, K, Iida, T, Imada, H, Ishino, H, Jaehnig, G, Katayama, N, Kato, A, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Kobayashi, Y, Kogut, A, Kohri, K, Komatsu, E, Komatsu, K, Konishi, K, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kuo, CL, Lamagna, L, Lattanzi, M, Lee, AT, Leloup, C, Levrier, F, Linder, E, Luzzi, G, Macias-Perez, J, Maciaszek, T, Maffei, B, Maino, D, and Mandelli, S
Subjects: Particle and High Energy Physics, Space Sciences, Physical Sciences, Mathematical Sciences
Abstract: LiteBIRD, the Lite (Light) satellite for the study of B-mode polarization and Inflation from cosmic background Radiation Detection, is a space mission for primordial cosmology and fundamental physics. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) selected LiteBIRD in May 2019 as a strategic large-class (L-class) mission, with an expected launch in the late 2020s using JAXA’s H3 rocket. LiteBIRD is planned to orbit the Sun–Earth Lagrangian point L2, where it will map the cosmic microwave background polarization over the entire sky for three years, with three telescopes in 15 frequency bands between 34 and 448 GHz, to achieve an unprecedented total sensitivity of 2.2 μK-arcmin, with a typical angular resolution of 0.5◦ at 100 GHz. The primary scientific objective of LiteBIRD is to search for the signal from cosmic inflation, either making a discovery or ruling out well-motivated inflationary models. The measurements of LiteBIRD will also provide us with insight into the quantum nature of gravity and other new physics beyond the standard models of particle physics and cosmology. We provide an overview of the LiteBIRD project, including scientific objectives, mission and system requirements, operation concept, spacecraft and payload module design, expected scientific outcomes, potential design extensions, and synergies with other projects.
Published: 2023

17. Parieto-Occipital Injury on Diffusion MRI Correlates with Poor Neurologic Outcome following Cardiac Arrest

Author: Calabrese, E, Gandhi, S, Shih, J, Otero, M, Randazzo, D, Hemphill, C, Huie, R, Talbott, JF, and Amorim, E
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Brain Disorders, Rare Diseases, Neurosciences, Biomedical Imaging, Clinical Research, Humans, Coma, Retrospective Studies, Heart Arrest, Prognosis, Brain, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Craniocerebral Trauma, Brain Injuries, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging, Clinical sciences, Physical chemistry
Abstract: Background and purposeMR imaging of the brain provides unbiased neuroanatomic evaluation of brain injury and is useful for neurologic prognostication following cardiac arrest. Regional analysis of diffusion imaging may provide additional prognostic value and help reveal the neuroanatomic underpinnings of coma recovery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate global, regional, and voxelwise differences in diffusion-weighted MR imaging signal in patients in a coma after cardiac arrest.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively analyzed diffusion MR imaging data from 81 subjects who were comatose for >48 hours following cardiac arrest. Poor outcome was defined as the inability to follow simple commands at any point during hospitalization. ADC differences between groups were evaluated across the whole brain, locally by using voxelwise analysis and regionally by using ROI-based principal component analysis.ResultsSubjects with poor outcome had more severe brain injury as measured by lower average whole-brain ADC (740 [SD, 102] × 10-6 mm2/s versus 833 [SD, 23] × 10-6 mm2/s, P
Published: 2023

18. Probing Cosmic Inflation with the LiteBIRD Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Survey

Author: LiteBIRD Collaboration, Allys, E., Arnold, K., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Azzoni, S., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Banerji, R., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Bautista, L., Beck, D., Beckman, S., Bersanelli, M., Boulanger, F., Brilenkov, M., Bucher, M., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Catalano, A., Chan, V., Cheung, K., Chinone, Y., Clark, S. E., Columbro, F., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., de Haan, T., de la Hoz, E., De Petris, M., Della Torre, S., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Dobbs, M., Dotani, T., Duval, J. M., Elleflot, T., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Essinger-Hileman, T., Finelli, F., Flauger, R., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloway, M., Ganga, K., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Génova-Santos, R. T., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gjerløw, E., Grain, J., Grupp, F., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Halverson, N. W., Hargrave, P., Hasebe, T., Hasegawa, M., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hensley, B., Hergt, L. T., Herman, D., Hivon, E., Hlozek, R. A., Hornsby, A. L., Hoshino, Y., Hubmayr, J., Ichiki, K., Iida, T., Imada, H., Ishino, H., Jaehnig, G., Katayama, N., Kato, A., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Kobayashi, Y., Kogut, A., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Komatsu, K., Konishi, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kuo, C. L., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Lee, A. T., Leloup, C., Levrier, F., Linder, E., Luzzi, G., Macias-Perez, J., Maciaszek, T., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandelli, S., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Massa, M., Matarrese, S., Matsuda, F. T., Matsumura, T., Mele, L., Migliaccio, M., Minami, Y., Moggi, A., Montgomery, J., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Nagano, Y., Nagasaki, T., Nagata, R., Nakano, R., Namikawa, T., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Nerval, S., Noviello, F., Odagiri, K., Oguri, S., Ohsaki, H., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Passerini, A., Patanchon, G., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Poletti, D., Prouvé, T., Puglisi, G., Rambaud, D., Raum, C., Realini, S., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Roudil, G., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Russell, M., Sakurai, H., Sakurai, Y., Sasaki, M., Scott, D., Sekimoto, Y., Shinozaki, K., Shiraishi, M., Shirron, P., Signorelli, G., Spinella, F., Stever, S., Stompor, R., Sugiyama, S., Sullivan, R. M., Suzuki, A., Svalheim, T. L., Switzer, E., Takaku, R., Takakura, H., Takase, Y., Tartari, A., Terao, Y., Thermeau, J., Thommesen, H., Thompson, K. L., Tomasi, M., Tominaga, M., Tristram, M., Tsuji, M., Tsujimoto, M., Vacher, L., Vielva, P., Vittorio, N., Wang, W., Watanuki, K., Wehus, I. K., Weller, J., Westbrook, B., Wilms, J., Winter, B., Wollack, E. J., Yumoto, J., and Zannoni, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: LiteBIRD, the Lite (Light) satellite for the study of B-mode polarization and Inflation from cosmic background Radiation Detection, is a space mission for primordial cosmology and fundamental physics. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) selected LiteBIRD in May 2019 as a strategic large-class (L-class) mission, with an expected launch in the late 2020s using JAXA's H3 rocket. LiteBIRD is planned to orbit the Sun-Earth Lagrangian point L2, where it will map the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization over the entire sky for three years, with three telescopes in 15 frequency bands between 34 and 448 GHz, to achieve an unprecedented total sensitivity of 2.2$\mu$K-arcmin, with a typical angular resolution of 0.5$^\circ$ at 100 GHz. The primary scientific objective of LiteBIRD is to search for the signal from cosmic inflation, either making a discovery or ruling out well-motivated inflationary models. The measurements of LiteBIRD will also provide us with insight into the quantum nature of gravity and other new physics beyond the standard models of particle physics and cosmology. We provide an overview of the LiteBIRD project, including scientific objectives, mission and system requirements, operation concept, spacecraft and payload module design, expected scientific outcomes, potential design extensions and synergies with other projects., Comment: 155 pages, accepted for publication in PTEP
Published: 2022
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19. Polarization angle requirements for CMB B-mode experiments. Application to the LiteBIRD satellite

Author: Vielva, P., Martínez-González, E., Casas, F. J., Matsumura, T., Henrot-Versillé, S., Komatsu, E., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Calabrese, E., Cheung, K., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., de Bernardis, P., de Haan, T., de la Hoz, E., De Petris, M., Della Torre, S., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Finelli, F., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloway, M., Ganga, K., Gervasi, M., Génova-Santos, R. T., Ghigna, T., Gjerløw, E., Gruppuso, A., Hazumi, M., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Kohri, K., Lamagna, L., Leloup, C., Macias-Perez, J., Masi, S., Matsuda, F. T., Morgante, G., Nakano, R., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Nerval, S., Odagiri, K., Oguri, S., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Puglisi, G., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Scott, D., Sekimoto, Y., Shiraishi, M., Signorelli, G., Takakura, H., Tartari, A., Thompson, K. L., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., Vittorio, N., Wehus, I. K., and Zannoni, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: A methodology to provide the polarization angle requirements for different sets of detectors, at a given frequency of a CMB polarization experiment, is presented. The uncertainties in the polarization angle of each detector set are related to a given bias on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ parameter. The approach is grounded in using a linear combination of the detector sets to obtain the CMB polarization signal. In addition, assuming that the uncertainties on the polarization angle are in the small angle limit (lower than a few degrees), it is possible to derive analytic expressions to establish the requirements. The methodology also accounts for possible correlations among detectors, that may originate from the optics, wafers, etc. The approach is applied to the LiteBIRD space mission. We show that, for the most restrictive case (i.e., full correlation of the polarization angle systematics among detector sets), the requirements on the polarization angle uncertainties are of around 1 arcmin at the most sensitive frequency bands (i.e., $\approx 150$ GHz) and of few tens of arcmin at the lowest (i.e., $\approx 40$ GHz) and highest (i.e., $\approx 400$ GHz) observational bands. Conversely, for the least restrictive case (i.e., no correlation of the polarization angle systematics among detector sets), the requirements are $\approx 5$ times less restrictive than for the previous scenario. At the global and the telescope levels, polarization angle knowledge of a few arcmins is sufficient for correlated global systematic errors and can be relaxed by a factor of two for fully uncorrelated errors in detector polarization angle. The reported uncertainty levels are needed in order to have the bias on $r$ due to systematics below the limit established by the LiteBIRD collaboration., Comment: 26 pages, 6 figures. Minor changes to match the final version in JCAP
Published: 2022
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20. Superclustering with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and Dark Energy Survey. I. Evidence for Thermal Energy Anisotropy Using Oriented Stacking

Author: Lokken, M, Hložek, R, van Engelen, A, Madhavacheril, M, Baxter, E, DeRose, J, Doux, C, Pandey, S, Rykoff, ES, Stein, G, To, C, Abbott, TMC, Adhikari, S, Aguena, M, Allam, S, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Annis, J, Battaglia, N, Bernstein, GM, Bertin, E, Bond, JR, Brooks, D, Calabrese, E, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Cawthon, R, Choi, A, Costanzi, M, Crocce, M, da Costa, LN, da Silva Pereira, ME, De Vicente, J, Desai, S, Dietrich, JP, Doel, P, Dunkley, J, Everett, S, Evrard, AE, Ferraro, S, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, Gallardo, PA, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Hill, JC, Hilton, M, Hincks, AD, Hinton, SR, Hollowood, DL, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Huang, Z, Hughes, JP, Huterer, D, Jain, B, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Kuehn, K, Lima, M, Maia, MAG, Marshall, JL, McMahon, J, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Mohr, JJ, Moodley, K, Morgan, R, Nati, F, Page, L, Ogando, RLC, Palmese, A, Paz-Chinchón, F, Malagón, AA Plazas, Pieres, A, Romer, AK, Rozo, E, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schillaci, A, Schubnell, M, Serrano, S, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Sheldon, E, Shin, T, Sifón, C, Smith, M, Soares-Santos, M, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC, Tarle, G, and Thomas, D
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract: The cosmic web contains filamentary structure on a wide range of scales. On the largest scales, superclustering aligns multiple galaxy clusters along intercluster bridges, visible through their thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signal in the cosmic microwave background. We demonstrate a new, flexible method to analyze the hot gas signal from multiscale extended structures. We use a Compton y-map from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) stacked on redMaPPer cluster positions from the optical Dark Energy Survey (DES). Cutout images from the y-map are oriented with large-scale structure information from DES galaxy data such that the superclustering signal is aligned before being overlaid. We find evidence of an extended quadrupole moment of the stacked y signal at the 3.5σ level, demonstrating that the large-scale thermal energy surrounding galaxy clusters is anisotropically distributed. We compare our ACT × DES results with the Buzzard simulations, finding broad agreement. Using simulations, we highlight the promise of this novel technique for constraining the evolution of anisotropic, non-Gaussian structure using future combinations of microwave and optical surveys.
Published: 2022

21. Cross-correlation of Dark Energy Survey Year 3 lensing data with ACT and Planck thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect observations. II. Modeling and constraints on halo pressure profiles

Author: Pandey, S, Gatti, M, Baxter, E, Hill, JC, Fang, X, Doux, C, Giannini, G, Raveri, M, DeRose, J, Huang, H, Moser, E, Battaglia, N, Alarcon, A, Amon, A, Becker, M, Campos, A, Chang, C, Chen, R, Choi, A, Eckert, K, Elvin-Poole, J, Everett, S, Ferte, A, Harrison, I, Maccrann, N, Mccullough, J, Myles, J, Alsina, A Navarro, Prat, J, Rollins, RP, Sanchez, C, Shin, T, Troxel, M, Tutusaus, I, Yin, B, Aguena, M, Allam, S, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Bernstein, GM, Bertin, E, Bolliet, B, Bond, JR, Brooks, D, Calabrese, E, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Cawthon, R, Costanzi, M, Crocce, M, da Costa, LN, Pereira, MES, De Vicente, J, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Doel, P, Dunkley, J, Evrard, AE, Ferraro, S, Ferrero, I, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Herner, K, Hincks, AD, Hinton, SR, Hollowood, DL, Honscheid, K, Hughes, JP, Huterer, D, Jain, B, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Lokken, M, Madhavacheril, MS, Maia, MAG, Mcmahon, JJ, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Mohr, JJ, Moodley, K, Morgan, R, Nati, F, Niemack, MD, Page, L, and Palmese, A
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: Hot, ionized gas leaves an imprint on the cosmic microwave background via the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect. The cross-correlation of gravitational lensing (which traces the projected mass) with the tSZ effect (which traces the projected gas pressure) is a powerful probe of the thermal state of ionized baryons throughout the Universe and is sensitive to effects such as baryonic feedback. In a companion paper (Gatti et al. Phys. Rev. D 105, 123525 (2022)PRVDAQ2470-0010), we present tomographic measurements and validation tests of the cross-correlation between Galaxy shear measurements from the first three years of observations of the Dark Energy Survey and tSZ measurements from a combination of Atacama Cosmology Telescope and Planck observations. In this work, we use the same measurements to constrain models for the pressure profiles of halos across a wide range of halo mass and redshift. We find evidence for reduced pressure in low-mass halos, consistent with predictions for the effects of feedback from active Galactic nuclei. We infer the hydrostatic mass bias (BM500c/MSZ) from our measurements, finding B=1.8±0.1 when adopting the Planck-preferred cosmological parameters. We additionally find that our measurements are consistent with a nonzero redshift evolution of B, with the correct sign and sufficient magnitude to explain the mass bias necessary to reconcile cluster count measurements with the Planck-preferred cosmology. Our analysis introduces a model for the impact of intrinsic alignments (IAs) of galaxy shapes on the shear-tSZ correlation. We show that IA can have a significant impact on these correlations at current noise levels.
Published: 2022

22. Cross-correlation of Dark Energy Survey Year 3 lensing data with ACT and Planck thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect observations. I. Measurements, systematics tests, and feedback model constraints

Author: Gatti, M, Pandey, S, Baxter, E, Hill, JC, Moser, E, Raveri, M, Fang, X, DeRose, J, Giannini, G, Doux, C, Huang, H, Battaglia, N, Alarcon, A, Amon, A, Becker, M, Campos, A, Chang, C, Chen, R, Choi, A, Eckert, K, Elvin-Poole, J, Everett, S, Ferte, A, Harrison, I, Maccrann, N, Mccullough, J, Myles, J, Alsina, A Navarro, Prat, J, Rollins, RP, Sanchez, C, Shin, T, Troxel, M, Tutusaus, I, Yin, B, Abbott, T, Aguena, M, Allam, S, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Annis, J, Bernstein, G, Bertin, E, Bolliet, B, Bond, JR, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Calabrese, E, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Cawthon, R, Costanzi, M, Crocce, M, da Costa, LN, da Silva Pereira, ME, De Vicente, J, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Doel, P, Dunkley, J, Evrard, AE, Ferraro, S, Ferrero, I, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giannantonio, T, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Herner, K, Hincks, AD, Hinton, SR, Hollowood, DL, Honscheid, K, Hughes, JP, Huterer, D, Jain, B, James, DJ, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Lidman, C, Lima, M, Lokken, M, Madhavacheril, MS, Maia, MAG, Marshall, JL, Mcmahon, JJ, Melchior, P, Moodley, K, Mohr, JJ, Morgan, R, and Nati, F
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: We present a tomographic measurement of the cross-correlation between thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (TSZ) maps from Planck and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and weak galaxy lensing shears measured during the first three years of observations of the Dark Energy Survey. This correlation is sensitive to the thermal energy in baryons over a wide redshift range and is therefore a powerful probe of astrophysical feedback. We detect the correlation at a statistical significance of 21σ, the highest significance to date. We examine the TSZ maps for potential contaminants, including cosmic infrared background and radio sources, finding that cosmic infrared background has a substantial impact on our measurements and must be taken into account in our analysis. We use the cross-correlation measurements to test different feedback models. In particular, we model the TSZ using several different pressure profile models calibrated against hydrodynamical simulations. Our analysis marginalizes over redshift uncertainties, shear calibration biases, and intrinsic alignment effects. We also marginalize over ωm and σ8 using Planck or DES priors. We find that the data prefer the model with a low amplitude of the pressure profile at small scales, compatible with a scenario with strong active galactic nuclei feedback and ejection of gas from the inner part of the halos. When using a more flexible model for the shear profile, constraints are weaker, and the data cannot discriminate between different baryonic prescriptions.
Published: 2022

23. Cross-correlation of DES Y3 lensing and ACT/${\it Planck}$ thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich Effect I: Measurements, systematics tests, and feedback model constraints

Author: Gatti, M., Pandey, S., Baxter, E., Hill, J. C., Moser, E., Raveri, M., Fang, X., DeRose, J., Giannini, G., Doux, C., Huang, H., Battaglia, N., Alarcon, A., Amon, A., Becker, M., Campos, A., Chang, C., Chen, R., Choi, A., Eckert, K., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Ferte, A., Harrison, I., Maccrann, N., Mccullough, J., Myles, J., Alsina, A. Navarro, Prat, J., Rollins, R. P., Sanchez, C., Shin, T., Troxel, M., Tutusaus, I., Yin, B., Abbott, T., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Bernstein, G., Bertin, E., Bolliet, B., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Calabrese, E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cawthon, R., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. da Silva, DeVicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Dunkley, J., Evrard, A. E., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcıa-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Herner, K., Hincks, A. D., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hughes, J. P., Huterer, D., Jain, B., James, D. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lidman, C., Lima, M., Lokken, M., Madhavacheril, M. S., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Mcmahon, J. J., Melchior, P., Moodley, K., Mohr, J. J., Morgan, R., Nati, F., Niemack, M. D., Page, L., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Pieres, A., Malagon, A. A. Plazas, Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schaan, E., Secco, L. F., Serrano, S., Sheldon, E., Sherwin, B. D., Sifon, C., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Spergel, D., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., Wilkinson, R. D., Wollack, E. J., and Xu, Z.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a tomographic measurement of the cross-correlation between thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) maps from ${\it Planck}$ and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and weak galaxy lensing shears measured during the first three years of observations of the Dark Energy Survey (DES Y3). This correlation is sensitive to the thermal energy in baryons over a wide redshift range, and is therefore a powerful probe of astrophysical feedback. We detect the correlation at a statistical significance of $21\sigma$, the highest significance to date. We examine the tSZ maps for potential contaminants, including cosmic infrared background (CIB) and radio sources, finding that CIB has a substantial impact on our measurements and must be taken into account in our analysis. We use the cross-correlation measurements to test different feedback models. In particular, we model the tSZ using several different pressure profile models calibrated against hydrodynamical simulations. Our analysis marginalises over redshift uncertainties, shear calibration biases, and intrinsic alignment effects. We also marginalise over $\Omega_{\rm m}$ and $\sigma_8$ using ${\it Planck}$ or DES priors. We find that the data prefers the model with a low amplitude of the pressure profile at small scales, compatible with a scenario with strong AGN feedback and ejection of gas from the inner part of the halos. When using a more flexible model for the shear profile, constraints are weaker, and the data cannot discriminate between different baryonic prescriptions., Comment: submitted to PRD
Published: 2021
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24. Cross-correlation of DES Y3 lensing and ACT/${\it Planck}$ thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich Effect II: Modeling and constraints on halo pressure profiles

Author: Pandey, S., Gatti, M., Baxter, E., Hill, J. C., Fang, X., Doux, C., Giannini, G., Raveri, M., DeRose, J., Huang, H., Moser, E., Battaglia, N., Alarcon, A., Amon, A., Becker, M., Campos, A., Chang, C., Chen, R., Choi, A., Eckert, K., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Ferte, A., Harrison, I., Maccrann, N., Mccullough, J., Myles, J., Alsina, A. Navarro, Prat, J., Rollins, R. P., Sanchez, C., Shin, T., Troxel, M., Tutusaus, I., Yin, B., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bolliet, B., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Calabrese, E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cawthon, R., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Dunkley, J., Evrard, A. E., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Herner, K., Hincks, A. D., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hughes, J. P., Huterer, D., Jain, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lokken, M., Madhavacheril, M. S., Maia, M. A. G., Mcmahon, J. J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Moodley, K., Morgan, R., Nati, F., Niemack, M. D., Page, L., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Pieres, A., Malagon, A. A. Plazas, Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schaan, E., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Sherwin, B. D., Sifon, C., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Spergel, D., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., Wollack, E. J., and Xu, Z.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Hot, ionized gas leaves an imprint on the cosmic microwave background via the thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect. The cross-correlation of gravitational lensing (which traces the projected mass) with the tSZ effect (which traces the projected gas pressure) is a powerful probe of the thermal state of ionized baryons throughout the Universe, and is sensitive to effects such as baryonic feedback. In a companion paper (Gatti et al. 2021), we present tomographic measurements and validation tests of the cross-correlation between galaxy shear measurements from the first three years of observations of the Dark Energy Survey, and tSZ measurements from a combination of Atacama Cosmology Telescope and ${\it Planck}$ observations. In this work, we use the same measurements to constrain models for the pressure profiles of halos across a wide range of halo mass and redshift. We find evidence for reduced pressure in low mass halos, consistent with predictions for the effects of feedback from active galactic nuclei. We infer the hydrostatic mass bias ($B \equiv M_{500c}/M_{\rm SZ}$) from our measurements, finding $B = 1.8\pm0.1$ when adopting the ${\it Planck}$-preferred cosmological parameters. We additionally find that our measurements are consistent with a non-zero redshift evolution of $B$, with the correct sign and sufficient magnitude to explain the mass bias necessary to reconcile cluster count measurements with the ${\it Planck}$-preferred cosmology. Our analysis introduces a model for the impact of intrinsic alignments (IA) of galaxy shapes on the shear-tSZ correlation. We show that IA can have a significant impact on these correlations at current noise levels., Comment: 22 pages, 13 figures. Comments welcome
Published: 2021
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25. Superclustering with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and Dark Energy Survey: I. Evidence for thermal energy anisotropy using oriented stacking

Author: Lokken, M., Hložek, R., van Engelen, A., Madhavacheril, M., Baxter, E., DeRose, J., Doux, C., Pandey, S., Rykoff, E. S., Stein, G., To, C., Abbott, T. M. C., Adhikari, S., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Battaglia, N., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Calabrese, E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cawthon, R., Choi, A., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. da Silva, De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Dunkley, J., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Ferraro, S., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gallardo, P. A., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hill, J. C., Hilton, M., Hincks, A. D., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Huang, Z., Hughes, J. P., Huterer, D., Jain, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kuehn, K., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., McMahon, J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Moodley, K., Morgan, R., Nati, F., Page, L., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Chinchón, F. Paz, Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Pieres, A., Romer, A. K., Rozo, E., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schillaci, A., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Shin, T., Sifón, C., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., Wechsler, R. H., Wilkinson, R. D., Wollack, E. J., and Xu, Z.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The cosmic web contains filamentary structure on a wide range of scales. On the largest scales, superclustering aligns multiple galaxy clusters along inter-cluster bridges, visible through their thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signal in the Cosmic Microwave Background. We demonstrate a new, flexible method to analyze the hot gas signal from multi-scale extended structures. We use a Compton-$y$ map from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) stacked on redMaPPer cluster positions from the optical Dark Energy Survey (DES). Cutout images from the $y$ map are oriented with large-scale structure information from DES galaxy data such that the superclustering signal is aligned before being overlaid. We find evidence for an extended quadrupole moment of the stacked $y$ signal at the 3.5$\sigma$ level, demonstrating that the large-scale thermal energy surrounding galaxy clusters is anisotropically distributed. We compare our ACT$\times$DES results with the Buzzard simulations, finding broad agreement. Using simulations, we highlight the promise of this novel technique for constraining the evolution of anisotropic, non-Gaussian structure using future combinations of microwave and optical surveys., Comment: 37 pages, 23 figures, 4 tables. Added explanatory figure, table, covariance matrix equations, discussion of CIB impact. Matches the version published in ApJ
Published: 2021
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26. In-flight polarization angle calibration for LiteBIRD: blind challenge and cosmological implications

Author: collaboration, The LiteBIRD, Krachmalnicoff, N, Matsumura, T, de la Hoz, E, Basak, S, Gruppuso, A, Minami, Y, Baccigalupi, C, Komatsu, E, Martínez-González, E, Vielva, P, Aumont, J, Aurlien, R, Azzoni, S, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Bersanelli, M, Calabrese, E, Carones, A, Casas, FJ, Cheung, K, Chinone, Y, Columbro, F, de Bernardis, P, Diego-Palazuelos, P, Errard, J, Finelli, F, Fuskeland, U, Galloway, M, Genova-Santos, RT, Gerbino, M, Ghigna, T, Giardiello, S, Gjerløw, E, Hazumi, M, Henrot-Versillé, S, Kisner, T, Lamagna, L, Lattanzi, M, Levrier, F, Luzzi, G, Maino, D, Masi, S, Migliaccio, M, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mot, B, Nagata, R, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Pagano, L, Paiella, A, Paoletti, D, Patanchon, G, Piacentini, F, Polenta, G, Poletti, D, Puglisi, G, Remazeilles, M, Rubino-Martin, J, Sasaki, M, Shiraishi, M, Signorelli, G, Stever, S, Tartari, A, Tristram, M, Tsuji, M, Vacher, L, Wehus, IK, and Zannoni, M
Subjects: Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract: We present a demonstration of the in-flight polarization angle calibration for the JAXA/ISAS second strategic large class mission, LiteBIRD, and estimate its impact on the measurement of the tensor-to-scalar ratio parameter, r, using simulated data. We generate a set of simulated sky maps with CMB and polarized foreground emission, and inject instrumental noise and polarization angle offsets to the 22 (partially overlapping) LiteBIRD frequency channels. Our in-flight angle calibration relies on nulling the EB cross correlation of the polarized signal in each channel. This calibration step has been carried out by two independent groups with a blind analysis, allowing an accuracy of the order of a few arc-minutes to be reached on the estimate of the angle offsets. Both the corrected and uncorrected multi-frequency maps are propagated through the foreground cleaning step, with the goal of computing clean CMB maps. We employ two component separation algorithms, the Bayesian-Separation of Components and Residuals Estimate Tool (B-SeCRET), and the Needlet Internal Linear Combination (NILC). We find that the recovered CMB maps obtained with algorithms that do not make any assumptions about the foreground properties, such as NILC, are only mildly affected by the angle miscalibration. However, polarization angle offsets strongly bias results obtained with the parametric fitting method. Once the miscalibration angles are corrected by EB nulling prior to the component separation, both component separation algorithms result in an unbiased estimation of the r parameter. While this work is motivated by the conceptual design study for LiteBIRD, its framework can be broadly applied to any CMB polarization experiment. In particular, the combination of simulation plus blind analysis provides a robust forecast by taking into account not only detector sensitivity but also systematic effects.
Published: 2022

27. Overview of the Medium and High Frequency Telescopes of the LiteBIRD satellite mission

Author: Montier, L., Mot, B., de Bernardis, P., Maffei, B., Pisano, G., Columbro, F., Gudmundsson, J. E., Henrot-Versillé, S., Lamagna, L., Montgomery, J., Prouvé, T., Russell, M., Savini, G., Stever, S., Thompson, K. L., Tsujimoto, M., Tucker, C., Westbrook, B., Ade, P. A. R., Adler, A., Allys, E., Arnold, K., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Austermann, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Banerji, R., Barreiro, R. B., Basak, S., Beall, J., Beck, D., Beckman, S., Bermejo, J., Bersanelli, M., Bonis, J., Borrill, J., Boulanger, F., Bounissou, S., Brilenkov, M., Brown, M., Bucher, M., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Challinor, A., Chan, V., Cheung, K., Chinone, Y., Cliche, J. F., Colombo, L., Cubas, J., Cukierman, A., Curtis, D., D'Alessandro, G., Dachlythra, N., De Petris, M., Dickinson, C., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Dobbs, M., Dotani, T., Duband, L., Duff, S., Duval, J. M., Ebisawa, K., Elleflot, T., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Essinger-Hileman, T., Finelli, F., Flauger, R., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloway, M., Ganga, K., Gao, J. R., Genova-Santos, R., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Gjerløw, E., Gradziel, M. L., Grain, J., Grupp, F., Gruppuso, A., de Haan, T., Halverson, N. W., Hargrave, P., Hasebe, T., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, M., Hazumi, M., Herman, D., Herranz, D., Hill, C. A., Hilton, G., Hirota, Y., Hivon, E., Hlozek, R. A., Hoshino, Y., de la Hoz, E., Hubmayr, J., Ichiki, K., Iida, T., Imada, H., Ishimura, K., Ishino, H., Jaehnig, G., Kaga, T., Kashima, S., Katayama, N., Kato, A., Kawasaki, T., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Kobayashi, Y., Kogiso, N., Kogut, A., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Komatsu, K., Konishi, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kreykenbohm, I., Kuo, C. L., Kushino, A., Lanen, J. V., Lattanzi, M., Lee, A. T., Leloup, C., Levrier, F., Linder, E., Louis, T., Luzzi, G., Maciaszek, T., Maino, D., Maki, M., Mandelli, S., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matsumura, T., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Minami, Y., Mitsuda, K., Morgante, G., Murata, Y., Murphy, J. A., Nagai, M., Nagano, Y., Nagasaki, T., Nagata, R., Nakamura, S., Namikawa, T., Natoli, P., Nerval, S., Nishibori, T., Nishino, H., O'Sullivan, C., Ogawa, H., Oguri, S., Ohsaki, H., Ohta, I. S., Okada, N., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Patanchon, G., Peloton, J., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Poletti, D., Puglisi, G., Rambaud, D., Raum, C., Realini, S., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Roudil, G., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Sakurai, H., Sakurai, Y., Sandri, M., Sasaki, M., Scott, D., Seibert, J., Sekimoto, Y., Sherwin, B., Shinozaki, K., Shiraishi, M., Shirron, P., Signorelli, G., Smecher, G., Stompor, R., Sugai, H., Sugiyama, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, J., Svalheim, T. L., Switzer, E., Takaku, R., Takakura, H., Takakura, S., Takase, Y., Takeda, Y., Tartari, A., Taylor, E., Terao, Y., Thommesen, H., Thorne, B., Toda, T., Tomasi, M., Tominaga, M., Trappe, N., Tristram, M., Tsuji, M., Ullom, J., Vermeulen, G., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vissers, M., Vittorio, N., Wehus, I., Weller, J., Wilms, J., Winter, B., Wollack, E. J., Yamasaki, N. Y., Yoshida, T., Yumoto, J., Zannoni, M., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: LiteBIRD is a JAXA-led Strategic Large-Class mission designed to search for the existence of the primordial gravitational waves produced during the inflationary phase of the Universe, through the measurements of their imprint onto the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). These measurements, requiring unprecedented sensitivity, will be performed over the full sky, at large angular scales, and over 15 frequency bands from 34GHz to 448GHz. The LiteBIRD instruments consist of three telescopes, namely the Low-, Medium- and High-Frequency Telescope (respectively LFT, MFT and HFT). We present in this paper an overview of the design of the Medium-Frequency Telescope (89-224GHz) and the High-Frequency Telescope (166-448GHz), the so-called MHFT, under European responsibility, which are two cryogenic refractive telescopes cooled down to 5K. They include a continuous rotating half-wave plate as the first optical element, two high-density polyethylene (HDPE) lenses and more than three thousand transition-edge sensor (TES) detectors cooled to 100mK. We provide an overview of the concept design and the remaining specific challenges that we have to face in order to achieve the scientific goals of LiteBIRD., Comment: SPIE Conference
Published: 2021
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28. LiteBIRD: JAXA's new strategic L-class mission for all-sky surveys of cosmic microwave background polarization

Author: Hazumi, M., Ade, P. A. R., Adler, A., Allys, E., Arnold, K., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Austermann, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Banjeri, R., Barreiro, R. B., Basak, S., Beall, J., Beck, D., Beckman, S., Bermejo, J., de Bernardis, P., Bersanelli, M., Bonis, J., Borrill, J., Boulanger, F., Bounissou, S., Brilenkov, M., Brown, M., Bucher, M., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Challinor, A., Chan, V., Cheung, K., Chinone, Y., Cliche, J. F., Colombo, L., Columbro, F., Cubas, J., Cukierman, A., Curtis, D., D'Alessandro, G., Dachlythra, N., De Petris, M., Dickinson, C., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Dobbs, M., Dotani, T., Duband, L., Duff, S., Duval, J. M., Ebisawa, K., Elleflot, T., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Essinger-Hileman, T., Finelli, F., Flauger, R., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloway, M., Ganga, K., Gao, J. R., Genova-Santos, R., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Gjerløw, E., Gradziel, M. L., Grain, J., Grupp, F., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., de Haan, T., Halverson, N. W., Hargrave, P., Hasebe, T., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herman, D., Herranz, D., Hill, C. A., Hilton, G., Hirota, Y., Hivon, E., Hlozek, R. A., Hoshino, Y., de la Hoz, E., Hubmayr, J., Ichiki, K., Iida, T., Imada, H., Ishimura, K., Ishino, H., Jaehnig, G., Kaga, T., Kashima, S., Katayama, N., Kato, A., Kawasaki, T., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Kobayashi, Y., Kogiso, N., Kogut, A., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Komatsu, K., Konishi, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kreykenbohm, I., Kuo, C. L., Kushino, A., Lamagna, L., Lanen, J. V., Lattanzi, M., Lee, A. T., Leloup, C., Levrier, F., Linder, E., Louis, T., Luzzi, G., Maciaszek, T., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Maki, M., Mandelli, S., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matsumura, T., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Minami, Y., Mitsuda, K., Montgomery, J., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Murata, Y., Murphy, J. A., Nagai, M., Nagano, Y., Nagasaki, T., Nagata, R., Nakamura, S., Namikawa, T., Natoli, P., Nerval, S., Nishibori, T., Nishino, H., Noviello, F., O'Sullivan, C., Ogawa, H., Oguri, S., Ohsaki, H., Ohta, I. S., Okada, N., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Patanchon, G., Peloton, J., Piacentini, F., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Poletti, D., Prouvé, T., Puglisi, G., Rambaud, D., Raum, C., Realini, S., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Roudil, G., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Russell, M., Sakurai, H., Sakurai, Y., Sandri, M., Sasaki, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seibert, J., Sekimoto, Y., Sherwin, B., Shinozaki, K., Shiraishi, M., Shirron, P., Signorelli, G., Smecher, G., Stever, S., Stompor, R., Sugai, H., Sugiyama, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, J., Svalheim, T. L., Switzer, E., Takaku, R., Takakura, H., Takakura, S., Takase, Y., Takeda, Y., Tartari, A., Taylor, E., Terao, Y., Thommesen, H., Thompson, K. L., Thorne, B., Toda, T., Tomasi, M., Tominaga, M., Trappe, N., Tristram, M., Tsuji, M., Tsujimoto, M., Tucker, C., Ullom, J., Vermeulen, G., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vissers, M., Vittorio, N., Wehus, I., Weller, J., Westbrook, B., Wilms, J., Winter, B., Wollack, E. J., Yamasaki, N. Y., Yoshida, T., Yumoto, J., Zannoni, M., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: LiteBIRD, the Lite (Light) satellite for the study of B-mode polarization and Inflation from cosmic background Radiation Detection, is a space mission for primordial cosmology and fundamental physics. JAXA selected LiteBIRD in May 2019 as a strategic large-class (L-class) mission, with its expected launch in the late 2020s using JAXA's H3 rocket. LiteBIRD plans to map the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization over the full sky with unprecedented precision. Its main scientific objective is to carry out a definitive search for the signal from cosmic inflation, either making a discovery or ruling out well-motivated inflationary models. The measurements of LiteBIRD will also provide us with an insight into the quantum nature of gravity and other new physics beyond the standard models of particle physics and cosmology. To this end, LiteBIRD will perform full-sky surveys for three years at the Sun-Earth Lagrangian point L2 for 15 frequency bands between 34 and 448 GHz with three telescopes, to achieve a total sensitivity of 2.16 micro K-arcmin with a typical angular resolution of 0.5 deg. at 100GHz. We provide an overview of the LiteBIRD project, including scientific objectives, mission requirements, top-level system requirements, operation concept, and expected scientific outcomes., Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2021
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29. Concept Design of Low Frequency Telescope for CMB B-mode Polarization satellite LiteBIRD

Author: Sekimoto, Y., Ade, P. A. R., Adler, A., Allys, E., Arnold, K., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Austermann, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Banerji, R., Barreiro, R. B., Basak, S., Beall, J., Beck, D., Beckman, S., Bermejo, J., de Bernardis, P., Bersanelli, M., Bonis, J., Borrill, J., Boulanger, F., Bounissou, S., Brilenkov, M., Brown, M., Bucher, M., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Challinor, A., Chan, V., Cheung, K., Chinone, Y., Cliche, J. F., Colombo, L., Columbro, F., Cubas, J., Cukierman, A., Curtis, D., D'Alessandro, G., Dachlythra, N., De Petris, M., Dickinson, C., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Dobbs, M., Dotani, T., Duband, L., Duff, S., Duval, J. M., Ebisawa, K., Elleflot, T., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Essinger-Hileman, T., Finelli, F., Flauger, R., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloway, M., Ganga, K., Gao, J. R., Genova-Santos, R., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Gjerløw, E., Gradziel, M. L., Grain, J., Grupp, F., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., de Haan, T., Halverson, N. W., Hargrave, P., Hasebe, T., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, M., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herman, D., Herranz, D., Hill, C. A., Hilton, G., Hirota, Y., Hivon, E., Hlozek, R. A., Hoshino, Y., de la Hoz, E., Hubmayr, J., Ichiki, K., iida, T., Imada, H., Ishimura, K., Ishino, H., Jaehnig, G., Kaga, T., Kashima, S., Katayama, N., Kato, A., Kawasaki, T., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Kobayashi, Y., Kogiso, N., Kogut, A., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Komatsu, K., Konishi, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kreykenbohm, I., Kuo, C. L., Kushino, A., Lamagna, L., Lanen, J. V., Lattanzi, M., Lee, A. T., Leloup, C., Levrier, F., Linder, E., Louis, T., Luzzi, G., Maciaszek, T., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Maki, M., Mandelli, S., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matsumura, T., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Minanmi, Y., Mitsuda, K., Montgomery, J., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Murata, Y., Murphy, J. A., Nagai, M., Nagano, Y., Nagasaki, T., Nagata, R., Nakamura, S., Namikawa, T., Natoli, P., Nerval, S., Nishibori, T., Nishino, H., O'Sullivan, C., Ogawa, H., Oguri, S., Ohsaki, H., Ohta, I. S., Okada, N., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Patanchon, G., Peloton, J., Piacentini, F., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Poletti, D., Prouvé, T., Puglisi, G., Rambaud, D., Raum, C., Realini, S., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Roudil, G., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Russell, M., Sakurai, H., Sakurai, Y., Sandri, M., Sasaki, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seibert, J., Sherwin, B., Shinozaki, K., Shiraishi, M., Shirron, P., Signorelli, G., Smecher, G., Stever, S., Stompor, R., Sugai, H., Sugiyama, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, J., Svalheim, T. L., Switzer, E., Takaku, R., Takakura, H., Takakura, S., Takase, Y., Takeda, Y., Tartari, A., Taylor, E., Terao, Y., Thommesen, H., Thompson, K. L., Thorne, B., Toda, T., Tomasi, M., Tominaga, M., Trappe, N., Tristram, M., Tsuji, M., Tsujimoto, M., Tucker, C., Ullom, J., Vermeulen, G., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vissers, M., Vittorio, N., Wehus, I., Weller, J., Westbrook, B., Wilms, J., Winter, B., Wollack, E. J., Yamasaki, N. Y., Yoshida, T., Yumoto, J., Zannoni, M., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: LiteBIRD has been selected as JAXA's strategic large mission in the 2020s, to observe the cosmic microwave background (CMB) $B$-mode polarization over the full sky at large angular scales. The challenges of LiteBIRD are the wide field-of-view (FoV) and broadband capabilities of millimeter-wave polarization measurements, which are derived from the system requirements. The possible paths of stray light increase with a wider FoV and the far sidelobe knowledge of $-56$ dB is a challenging optical requirement. A crossed-Dragone configuration was chosen for the low frequency telescope (LFT : 34--161 GHz), one of LiteBIRD's onboard telescopes. It has a wide field-of-view ($18^\circ \times 9^\circ$) with an aperture of 400 mm in diameter, corresponding to an angular resolution of about 30 arcminutes around 100 GHz. The focal ratio f/3.0 and the crossing angle of the optical axes of 90$^\circ$ are chosen after an extensive study of the stray light. The primary and secondary reflectors have rectangular shapes with serrations to reduce the diffraction pattern from the edges of the mirrors. The reflectors and structure are made of aluminum to proportionally contract from warm down to the operating temperature at $5\,$K. A 1/4 scaled model of the LFT has been developed to validate the wide field-of-view design and to demonstrate the reduced far sidelobes. A polarization modulation unit (PMU), realized with a half-wave plate (HWP) is placed in front of the aperture stop, the entrance pupil of this system. A large focal plane with approximately 1000 AlMn TES detectors and frequency multiplexing SQUID amplifiers is cooled to 100 mK. The lens and sinuous antennas have broadband capability. Performance specifications of the LFT and an outline of the proposed verification plan are presented., Comment: 21 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2021
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30. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Probing the baryon content of SDSS DR15 galaxies with the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effects

Author: Vavagiakis, EM, Gallardo, PA, Calafut, V, Amodeo, S, Aiola, S, Austermann, JE, Battaglia, N, Battistelli, ES, Beall, JA, Bean, R, Bond, JR, Calabrese, E, Choi, SK, Cothard, NF, Devlin, MJ, Duell, CJ, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Guan, Y, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hložek, R, Huber, ZB, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Koopman, BJ, Kosowsky, A, Li, Y, Lokken, M, Madhavacheril, M, McMahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, LB, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sifón, C, Spergel, DN, Staggs, ST, Ullom, JN, Vale, LR, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Wollack, EJ, and Xu, Z
Subjects: Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences
Abstract: We present measurements of the average thermal Sunyaev Zel’dovich (tSZ) effect from optically selected galaxy groups and clusters at high signal-to-noise (up to ) and estimate their baryon content within a radius aperture. Sources from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey DR15 catalog overlap with 3,700 sq deg of sky observed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2008 to 2018 at 150 and 98 GHz (ACT DR5), and 2,089 sq deg of internal linear combination component-separated maps combining ACT and Planck data (ACT DR4). The corresponding optical depths , which depend on the baryon content of the halos, are estimated using results from cosmological hydrodynamic simulations assuming an active galactic nuclei feedback radiative cooling model. We estimate the mean mass of the halos in multiple luminosity bins, and compare the tSZ-based estimates to theoretical predictions of the baryon content for a Navarro-Frenk-White profile. We do the same for estimates extracted from fits to pairwise baryon momentum measurements of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect (kSZ) for the same dataset obtained in a companion paper. We find that the estimates from the tSZ measurements in this work and the kSZ measurements in the companion paper agree within for two out of the three disjoint luminosity bins studied, while they differ by in the highest luminosity bin. The optical depth estimates account for one-third to all of the theoretically predicted baryon content in the halos across luminosity bins. Potential systematic uncertainties are discussed. The tSZ and kSZ measurements provide a step toward empirical Compton- relationships to provide new tests of cluster formation and evolution models.
Published: 2021

31. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect with SDSS DR15 galaxies

Author: Calafut, V, Gallardo, PA, Vavagiakis, EM, Amodeo, S, Aiola, S, Austermann, JE, Battaglia, N, Battistelli, ES, Beall, JA, Bean, R, Bond, JR, Calabrese, E, Choi, SK, Cothard, NF, Devlin, MJ, Duell, CJ, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Guan, Y, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hložek, R, Huber, ZB, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Koopman, BJ, Kosowsky, A, Li, Y, Lokken, M, Madhavacheril, M, McMahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, LB, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sifón, C, Spergel, DN, Staggs, ST, Ullom, JN, Vale, LR, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Wollack, EJ, and Xu, Z
Subjects: Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract: We present a detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) effect using Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and Planck CMB observations in combination with Luminous Red Galaxy samples from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR15 catalog. Results are obtained using three ACT CMB maps: co-added 150 and 98 GHz maps, combining observations from 2008-2018 (ACT DR5), which overlap with SDSS DR15 over 3,700 sq. deg., and a component-separated map using night-time only observations from 2014-2015 (ACT DR4), overlapping with SDSS DR15 over 2,089 sq. deg. Comparisons of the results from these three maps provide consistency checks in relation to potential frequency-dependent foreground contamination. A total of 343,647 galaxies are used as tracers to identify and locate galaxy groups and clusters from which the kSZ signal is extracted using aperture photometry. We consider the impact of various aperture photometry assumptions and covariance estimation methods on the signal extraction. Theoretical predictions of the pairwise velocities are used to obtain best-fit, mass-averaged, optical depth estimates for each of five luminosity-selected tracer samples. A comparison of the kSZ-derived optical depth measurements obtained here to those derived from the thermal SZ effect for the same sample is presented in a companion paper.
Published: 2021

32. Erratum: Planck 2018 results: VI. Cosmological parameters (Astronomy and Astrophysics (2020) 641 (A6) DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833910)

Author: Aghanim, N, Akrami, Y, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Ballardini, M, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Battye, R, Benabed, K, Bernard, JP, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bock, JJ, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Boulanger, F, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Butler, RC, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, JF, Carron, J, Challinor, A, Chiang, HC, Chluba, J, Colombo, LPL, Combet, C, Contreras, D, Crill, BP, Cuttaia, F, De Bernardis, P, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, JM, DI Valentino, E, DIego, JM, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Ducout, A, Dupac, X, Dusini, S, Efstathiou, G, Elsner, F, Enßlin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Fantaye, Y, Farhang, M, Fergusson, J, Fernandez-Cobos, R, Finelli, F, Forastieri, F, Frailis, M, Fraisse, AA, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Génova-Santos, RT, Gerbino, M, Ghosh, T, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gratton, S, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Hamann, J, Handley, W, Hansen, FK, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, SR, Hivon, E, Huang, Z, Jaffe, AH, Jones, WC, Karakci, A, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kiiveri, K, Kim, J, Kisner, TS, Knox, L, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lamarre, JM, Lasenby, A, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, CR, Le Jeune, M, Lemos, P, Lesgourgues, J, Levrier, F, Lewis, A, and Liguori, M
Subjects: cosmic background radiation, cosmological parameters, errata, addenda, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract: In the original version, the bounds given in Eqs. (87a) and (87b) on the contribution to the early-time optical depth, (15,30), contained a numerical error in deriving the 95th percentile from the Monte Carlo samples. The corrected 95% upper bounds are: τ(15,30) < 0:018 (lowE, flat τ(15, 30), FlexKnot), (1) τ(15, 30) < 0:023 (lowE, flat knot, FlexKnot): (2) These bounds are a factor of 3 larger than the originally reported results. Consequently, the new bounds do not significantly improve upon previous results from Planck data presented in Millea & Bouchet (2018) as was stated, but are instead comparable. Equations (1) and (2) give results that are now similar to those of Heinrich & Hu (2021), who used the same Planck 2018 data to derive a 95% upper bound of 0.020 using the principal component analysis (PCA) model and uniform priors on the PCA mode amplitudes.
Published: 2021

33. Planck 2018 results

Author: Aghanim, N, Akrami, Y, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Ballardini, M, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Battye, R, Benabed, K, Bernard, J-P, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bock, JJ, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Boulanger, F, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Butler, RC, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, J-F, Carron, J, Challinor, A, Chiang, HC, Chluba, J, Colombo, LPL, Combet, C, Contreras, D, Crill, BP, Cuttaia, F, de Bernardis, P, de Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, J-M, Di Valentino, E, Diego, JM, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Ducout, A, Dupac, X, Dusini, S, Efstathiou, G, Elsner, F, Enßlin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Fantaye, Y, Farhang, M, Fergusson, J, Fernandez-Cobos, R, Finelli, F, Forastieri, F, Frailis, M, Fraisse, AA, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Génova-Santos, RT, Gerbino, M, Ghosh, T, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gratton, S, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Hamann, J, Handley, W, Hansen, FK, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, SR, Hivon, E, Huang, Z, Jaffe, AH, Jones, WC, Karakci, A, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kiiveri, K, Kim, J, Kisner, TS, Knox, L, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lamarre, J-M, Lasenby, A, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, CR, Le Jeune, M, Lemos, P, Lesgourgues, J, Levrier, F, Lewis, A, and Liguori, M
Subjects: Space Sciences, Particle and High Energy Physics, Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, cosmic background radiation, cosmological parameters, errata, addenda, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract: In the original version, the bounds given in Eqs. (87a) and (87b) on the contribution to the early-time optical depth, (15,30), contained a numerical error in deriving the 95th percentile from the Monte Carlo samples. The corrected 95% upper bounds are: τ(15,30) < 0:018 (lowE, flat τ(15, 30), FlexKnot), (1) τ(15, 30) < 0:023 (lowE, flat knot, FlexKnot): (2) These bounds are a factor of 3 larger than the originally reported results. Consequently, the new bounds do not significantly improve upon previous results from Planck data presented in Millea & Bouchet (2018) as was stated, but are instead comparable. Equations (1) and (2) give results that are now similar to those of Heinrich & Hu (2021), who used the same Planck 2018 data to derive a 95% upper bound of 0.020 using the principal component analysis (PCA) model and uniform priors on the PCA mode amplitudes.
Published: 2021

34. The atacama cosmology telescope: Summary of dr4 and dr5 data products and data access

Author: Mallaby-Kay, M, Atkins, Z, Aiola, S, Amodeo, S, Austermann, JE, Beall, JA, Becker, DT, Bond, JR, Calabrese, E, Chesmore, GE, Choi, SK, Crowley, KT, Darwish, O, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Ferraro, S, Fichman, K, Gallardo, PA, Golec, JE, Guan, Y, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hložek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Koopman, BJ, Louis, T, MacInnis, A, Madhavacheril, MS, McMahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, LB, Nibarger, JP, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, BD, Sifón, C, Simon, S, Staggs, ST, Storer, ER, Ullom, JN, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Vale, LR, Wollack, EJ, and Xu, Z
Subjects: Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract: Two recent large data releases for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT), called DR4 and DR5, are available for public access. These data include temperature and polarization maps that cover nearly half the sky at arcminute resolution in three frequency bands; lensing maps and component-separated maps covering ~2100 deg2 of sky; derived power spectra and cosmological likelihoods; a catalog of over 4000 galaxy clusters; and supporting ancillary products including beam functions and masks. The data and products are described in a suite of ACT papers; here we provide a summary. In order to facilitate ease of access to these data, we present a set of Jupyter IPython notebooks developed to introduce users to DR4, DR5, and the tools needed to analyze these data. The data products (excluding simulations) and the set of notebooks are publicly available on the NASA Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis; simulation products are available on the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center.
Published: 2021

35. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Catalog of > 4000 Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Galaxy Clusters

Author: Hilton, M., Sifón, C., Naess, S., Madhavacheril, M., Oguri, M., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E., Abbott, T. M. C., Adhikari, S., Aguena, M., Aiola, S., Allam, S., Amodeo, S., Amon, A., Annis, J., Ansarinejad, B., Aros-Bunster, C., Austermann, J. E., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Battaglia, N., Beall, J. A., Becker, D. T., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bhandarkar, T., Bhargava, S., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Calabrese, E., Carretero, J., Choi, S. K., Choi, A., Conselice, C., da Costa, L. N., Costanzi, M., Crichton, D., Crowley, K. T., Dünner, R., Denison, E. V., Devlin, M. J., Dicker, S. R., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Duff, S. M., Duivenvoorden, A. J., Dunkley, J., Everett, S., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Ferté, A., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gallardo, P. A., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giles, P., Golec, J. E., Gralla, M. B., Grandis, S., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Han, D., Hartley, W. G., Hasselfield, M., Hill, J. C., Hilton, G. C., Hincks, A. D., Hinton, S. R., Ho, S-P. P., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Hubmayr, J., Huffenberger, K. M., Hughes, J. P., Jaelani, A. T., Jain, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kent, S., Kind, M. Carrasco, Knowles, K., Koopman, B. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lin, Y-T., Lokken, M., Loubser, S. I., MacCrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marriage, T. A., Martin, J., McMahon, J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Miyatake, H., Moodley, K., Morgan, R., Mroczkowski, T., Nati, F., Newburgh, L. B., Niemack, M. D., Nishizawa, A. J., Ogando, R. L. C., Orlowski-Scherer, J., Page, L. A., Palmese, A., Partridge, B., Paz-Chinchón, F., Phakathi, P., Plazas, A. A., Robertson, N. C., Romer, A. K., Rosell, A. Carnero, Salatino, M., Sanchez, E., Schaan, E., Schillaci, A., Sehgal, N., Serrano, S., Shin, T., Simon, S. M., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Spergel, D. N., Staggs, S. T., Storer, E. R., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Trac, H., Ullom, J. N., Vale, L. R., Van Lanen, J., Vavagiakis, E. M., De Vicente, J., Wilkinson, R. D., Wollack, E. J., Xu, Z., and Zhang, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a catalog of 4195 optically confirmed Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) selected galaxy clusters detected with signal-to-noise > 4 in 13,211 deg$^2$ of sky surveyed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). Cluster candidates were selected by applying a multi-frequency matched filter to 98 and 150 GHz maps constructed from ACT observations obtained from 2008-2018, and confirmed using deep, wide-area optical surveys. The clusters span the redshift range 0.04 < z < 1.91 (median z = 0.52). The catalog contains 222 z > 1 clusters, and a total of 868 systems are new discoveries. Assuming an SZ-signal vs. mass scaling relation calibrated from X-ray observations, the sample has a 90% completeness mass limit of M500c > 3.8 x 10$^{14}$ MSun, evaluated at z = 0.5, for clusters detected at signal-to-noise ratio > 5 in maps filtered at an angular scale of 2.4'. The survey has a large overlap with deep optical weak-lensing surveys that are being used to calibrate the SZ-signal mass-scaling relation, such as the Dark Energy Survey (4566 deg$^2$), the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (469 deg$^2$), and the Kilo Degree Survey (825 deg$^2$). We highlight some noteworthy objects in the sample, including potentially projected systems; clusters with strong lensing features; clusters with active central galaxies or star formation; and systems of multiple clusters that may be physically associated. The cluster catalog will be a useful resource for future cosmological analyses, and studying the evolution of the intracluster medium and galaxies in massive clusters over the past 10 Gyr., Comment: 35 pages, 27 figures, accepted for publication in ApJS; v1.0 catalogs will be available from LAMBDA https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/actpol_prod_table.cfm; v1.0 catalogs available from https://astro.ukzn.ac.za/~mjh/ACTDR5/v1.0/ until then
Published: 2020
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36. Planck intermediate results. LV. Reliability and thermal properties of high-frequency sources in the Second Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources

Author: Planck Collaboration, Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Carvalho, P., Chiang, H. C., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Di Valentino, E., Diego, J. M., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Gerbino, M., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Huang, Z., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Jeune, M. Le, Levrier, F., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Ma, Y. -Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Mandolesi, N., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Migliaccio, M., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Natoli, P., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Roudier, G., Ruiz-Granados, B., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We describe an extension of the most recent version of the Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources (PCCS2), produced using a new multi-band Bayesian Extraction and Estimation Package (BeeP). BeeP assumes that the compact sources present in PCCS2 at 857 GHz have a dust-like spectral energy distribution, which leads to emission at both lower and higher frequencies, and adjusts the parameters of the source and its SED to fit the emission observed in Planck's three highest frequency channels at 353, 545, and 857 GHz, as well as the IRIS map at 3000 GHz. In order to reduce confusion regarding diffuse cirrus emission, BeeP's data model includes a description of the background emission surrounding each source, and it adjusts the confidence in the source parameter extraction based on the statistical properties of the spatial distribution of the background emission. BeeP produces the following three new sets of parameters for each source: (a) fits to a modified blackbody (MBB) thermal emission model of the source; (b) SED-independent source flux densities at each frequency considered; and (c) fits to an MBB model of the background in which the source is embedded. BeeP also calculates, for each source, a reliability parameter, which takes into account confusion due to the surrounding cirrus. We define a high-reliability subset (BeeP/base), containing 26 083 sources (54.1 per cent of the total PCCS2 catalogue), the majority of which have no information on reliability in the PCCS2. The results of the BeeP extension of PCCS2, which are made publicly available via the PLA, will enable the study of the thermal properties of well-defined samples of compact Galactic and extra-galactic dusty sources., Comment: 55 pages. Accepted for publication in A&A. The BeeP catalogue will be published in the Planck Legacy Archive (https://pla.esac.esa.int/pla)
Published: 2020
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37. Planck intermediate results. LVII. Joint Planck LFI and HFI data processing

Author: Planck Collaboration, Akrami, Y., Andersen, K. J., Ashdown, M., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Casaponsa, B., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Di Valentino, E., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Eriksen, H. K., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Handley, W., Helou, G., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Jeune, M. Le, Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lilley, M., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Molinari, D., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Pearson, D., Pearson, T. J., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Svalheim, T. L., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Terenzi, L., Thommesen, H., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the NPIPE processing pipeline, which produces calibrated frequency maps in temperature and polarization from data from the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) and High Frequency Instrument (HFI) using high-performance computers. NPIPE represents a natural evolution of previous Planck analysis efforts, and combines some of the most powerful features of the separate LFI and HFI analysis pipelines. The net effect of the improvements is lower levels of noise and systematics in both frequency and component maps at essentially all angular scales, as well as notably improved internal consistency between the various frequency channels. Based on the NPIPE maps, we present the first estimate of the Solar dipole determined through component separation across all nine Planck frequencies. The amplitude is ($3366.6 \pm 2.7$)$\mu$K, consistent with, albeit slightly higher than, earlier estimates. From the large-scale polarization data, we derive an updated estimate of the optical depth of reionization of $\tau = 0.051 \pm 0.006$, which appears robust with respect to data and sky cuts. There are 600 complete signal, noise and systematics simulations of the full-frequency and detector-set maps. As a Planck first, these simulations include full time-domain processing of the beam-convolved CMB anisotropies. The release of NPIPE maps and simulations is accompanied with a complete suite of raw and processed time-ordered data and the software, scripts, auxiliary data, and parameter files needed to improve further on the analysis and to run matching simulations., Comment: 97 pages, 93 figures and 16 tables, abstract abridged for arXiv submission, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2020
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38. Planck intermediate results. LVI. Detection of the CMB dipole through modulation of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect: Eppur si muove II

Author: Planck Collaboration, Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Casaponsa, B., Chiang, H. C., Combet, C., Contreras, D., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Di Valentino, E., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Handley, W., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J. -M., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Jeune, M. Le, Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Sullivan, R. M., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The largest temperature anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the dipole, which has been measured with increasing accuracy for more than three decades, particularly with the Planck satellite. The simplest interpretation of the dipole is that it is due to our motion with respect to the rest frame of the CMB. Since current CMB experiments infer temperature anisotropies from angular intensity variations, the dipole modulates the temperature anisotropies with the same frequency dependence as the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect. We present the first, and significant, detection of this signal in the tSZ maps and find that it is consistent with direct measurements of the CMB dipole, as expected. The signal contributes power in the tSZ maps, which is modulated in a quadrupolar pattern, and we estimate its contribution to the tSZ bispectrum, noting that it contributes negligible noise to the bispectrum at relevant scales., Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures. Added references, small clarifying and language edits. All results remain the same
Published: 2020
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39. Updated design of the CMB polarization experiment satellite LiteBIRD

Author: Sugai, H., Ade, P. A. R., Akiba, Y., Alonso, D., Arnold, K., Aumont, J., Austermann, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Banerji, R., Barreiro, R. B., Basak, S., Beall, J., Beckman, S., Bersanelli, M., Borrill, J., Boulanger, F., Brown, M. L., Bucher, M., Buzzelli, A., Calabrese, E., Casas, F. J., Challinor, A., Chan, V., Chinone, Y., Cliche, J. -F., Columbro, F., Cukierman, A., Curtis, D., Danto, P., de Bernardis, P., de Haan, T., De Petris, M., Dickinson, C., Dobbs, M., Dotani, T., Duband, L., Ducout, A., Duff, S., Duivenvoorden, A., Duval, J. -M., Ebisawa, K., Elleflot, T., Enokida, H., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Essinger-Hileman, T., Finelli, F., Flauger, R., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Ganga, K., Gao, J. -R., Génova-Santos, R., Ghigna, T., Gomez, A., Gradziel, M. L., Grain, J., Grupp, F., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Halverson, N. W., Hargrave, P., Hasebe, T., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, M., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versille, S., Herranz, D., Hill, C., Hilton, G., Hirota, Y., Hivon, E., Hlozek, R., Hoang, D. -T., Hubmayr, J., Ichiki, K., Iida, T., Imada, H., Ishimura, K., Ishino, H., Jaehnig, G. C., Jones, M., Kaga, T., Kashima, S., Kataoka, Y., Katayama, N., Kawasaki, T., Keskitalo, R., Kibayashi, A., Kikuchi, T., Kimura, K., Kisner, T., Kobayashi, Y., Kogiso, N., Kogut, A., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Komatsu, K., Konishi, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kuo, C. L., Kurinsky, N., Kushino, A., Kuwata-Gonokami, M., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Lee, A. T., Linder, E., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Maki, M., Mangilli, A., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Mathon, R., Matsumura, T., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Minami, Y., Mistuda, K., Molinari, D., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Murata, Y., Murphy, J. A., Nagai, M., Nagata, R., Nakamura, S., Namikawa, T., Natoli, P., Nerva, S., Nishibori, T., Nishino, H., Nomura, Y., Noviello, F., O'Sullivan, C., Ochi, H., Ogawa, H., Ohsaki, H., Ohta, I., Okada, N., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Patanchon, G., Piacentini, F., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Poletti, D., Prouvé, T., Puglisi, G., Rambaud, D., Raum, C., Realini, S., Remazeilles, M., Roudil, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Russell, M., Sakurai, H., Sakurai, Y., Sandri, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Sekimoto, Y., Sherwin, B. D., Shinozaki, K., Shiraishi, M., Shirron, P., Signorelli, G., Smecher, G., Spizzi, P., Stever, S. L., Stompor, R., Sugiyama, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, J., Switzer, E., Takaku, R., Takakura, H., Takakura, S., Takeda, Y., Taylor, A., Taylor, E., Terao, Y., Thompson, K. L., Thorne, B., Tomasi, M., Tomida, H., Trappe, N., Tristram, M., Tsuji, M., Tsujimoto, M., Tucker, C., Ullom, J., Uozumi, S., Utsunomiya, S., Van Lanen, J., Vermeulen, G., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vissers, M., Vittorio, N., Voisin, F., Walker, I., Watanabe, N., Wehus, I., Weller, J., Westbrook, B., Winter, B., Wollack, E., Yamamoto, R., Yamasaki, N. Y., Yanagisawa, M., Yoshida, T., Yumoto, J., Zannoni, M., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Recent developments of transition-edge sensors (TESs), based on extensive experience in ground-based experiments, have been making the sensor techniques mature enough for their application on future satellite CMB polarization experiments. LiteBIRD is in the most advanced phase among such future satellites, targeting its launch in Japanese Fiscal Year 2027 (2027FY) with JAXA's H3 rocket. It will accommodate more than 4000 TESs in focal planes of reflective low-frequency and refractive medium-and-high-frequency telescopes in order to detect a signature imprinted on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) by the primordial gravitational waves predicted in cosmic inflation. The total wide frequency coverage between 34GHz and 448GHz enables us to extract such weak spiral polarization patterns through the precise subtraction of our Galaxy's foreground emission by using spectral differences among CMB and foreground signals. Telescopes are cooled down to 5Kelvin for suppressing thermal noise and contain polarization modulators with transmissive half-wave plates at individual apertures for separating sky polarization signals from artificial polarization and for mitigating from instrumental 1/f noise. Passive cooling by using V-grooves supports active cooling with mechanical coolers as well as adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators. Sky observations from the second Sun-Earth Lagrangian point, L2, are planned for three years. An international collaboration between Japan, USA, Canada, and Europe is sharing various roles. In May 2019, the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), JAXA selected LiteBIRD as the strategic large mission No. 2., Comment: Journal of Low Temperature Physics, in press
Published: 2020
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40. The Simons Observatory: Gain, bandpass and polarization-angle calibration requirements for B-mode searches

Author: Abitbol, MH, Alonso, D, Simon, SM, Lashner, J, Crowley, KT, Ali, AM, Azzoni, S, Baccigalupi, C, Barron, D, Brown, ML, Calabrese, E, Carron, J, Chinone, Y, Chluba, J, Coppi, G, Crowley, KD, Devlin, M, Dunkley, J, Errard, J, Fanfani, V, Galitzki, N, Gerbino, M, Hill, JC, Johnson, BR, Jost, B, Keating, B, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kusaka, A, Lee, AT, Louis, T, Madhavacheril, MS, McCarrick, H, McMahon, J, Meerburg, PD, Nati, F, Nishino, H, Page, LA, Poletti, D, Puglisi, G, Randall, MJ, Rotti, A, Spisak, J, Suzuki, A, Teply, GP, Verges, C, Wollack, EJ, Xu, Z, and Zannoni, M
Subjects: CMBR experiments, CMBR polarisation, gravitational waves and CMBR polarization, cosmological parameters from CMBR, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: We quantify the calibration requirements for systematic uncertainties for next-generation ground-based observatories targeting the large-angle B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background, with a focus on the Simons Observatory (SO). We explore uncertainties on gain calibration, bandpass center frequencies, and polarization angles, including the frequency variation of the latter across the bandpass. We find that gain calibration and bandpass center frequencies must be known to percent levels or less to avoid biases on the tensor-to-scalar ratio r on the order of Δ r∼10-3, in line with previous findings. Polarization angles must be calibrated to the level of a few tenths of a degree, while their frequency variation between the edges of the band must be known to O(10) degrees. Given the tightness of these calibration requirements, we explore the level to which residual uncertainties on these systematics would affect the final constraints on r if included in the data model and marginalized over. We find that the additional parameter freedom does not degrade the final constraints on r significantly, broadening the error bar by O(10%) at most. We validate these results by reanalyzing the latest publicly available data from the collaboration within an extended parameter space covering both cosmological, foreground and systematic parameters. Finally, our results are discussed in light of the instrument design and calibration studies carried out within SO.
Published: 2021

41. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Modeling the gas thermodynamics in BOSS CMASS galaxies from kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich measurements

Author: Amodeo, S, Battaglia, N, Schaan, E, Ferraro, S, Moser, E, Aiola, S, Austermann, JE, Beall, JA, Bean, R, Becker, DT, Bond, RJ, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Choi, SK, Denison, EV, Devlin, M, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Gallardo, PA, Hall, KR, Han, D, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, HloŽek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Koopman, BJ, Macinnis, A, McMahon, J, Madhavacheril, MS, Moodley, K, Mroczkowski, T, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, LB, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Sifón, C, Spergel, DN, Staggs, S, Storer, ER, Ullom, JN, Vale, LR, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, EM, Wollack, EJ, and Xu, Z
Subjects: astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA
Abstract: The thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects (tSZ, kSZ) probe the thermodynamic properties of the circumgalactic and intracluster medium (CGM and ICM) of galaxies, groups, and clusters, since they are proportional, respectively, to the integrated electron pressure and momentum along the line of sight. We present constraints on the gas thermodynamics of CMASS (constant stellar mass) galaxies in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey using new measurements of the kSZ and tSZ signals obtained in a companion paper [Schaan et al.]. Combining kSZ and tSZ measurements, we measure within our model the amplitude of energy injection ϵM⋆c2, where M⋆ is the stellar mass, to be ϵ=(40±9)×10-6, and the amplitude of the nonthermal pressure profile to be αNth
Published: 2021

42. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Combined kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich measurements from BOSS CMASS and LOWZ halos

Author: Schaan, E, Ferraro, S, Amodeo, S, Battaglia, N, Aiola, S, Austermann, JE, Beall, JA, Bean, R, Becker, DT, Bond, RJ, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Choi, SK, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Gallardo, PA, Guan, Y, Han, D, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, HloŽek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Koopman, BJ, Macinnis, A, McMahon, J, Madhavacheril, MS, Moodley, K, Mroczkowski, T, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, LB, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Salatino, M, Sehgal, N, Schillaci, A, Sifón, C, Smith, KM, Spergel, DN, Staggs, S, Storer, ER, Trac, H, Ullom, JN, Van Lanen, J, Vale, LR, Van Engelen, A, Magaña, MV, Vavagiakis, EM, Wollack, EJ, and Xu, Z
Subjects: astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA
Abstract: The scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons off the free-electron gas in galaxies and clusters leaves detectable imprints on high resolution CMB maps: the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects (tSZ and kSZ respectively). We use combined microwave maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope DR5 and Planck in combination with the CMASS (mean redshift ⟨z
Published: 2021

43. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Catalog of >4000 Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Galaxy Clusters

Author: Hilton, M, Sifón, C, Naess, S, Madhavacheril, M, Oguri, M, Rozo, E, Rykoff, E, Abbott, TMC, Adhikari, S, Aguena, M, Aiola, S, Allam, S, Amodeo, S, Amon, A, Annis, J, Ansarinejad, B, Aros-Bunster, C, Austermann, JE, Avila, S, Bacon, D, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Becker, DT, Bernstein, GM, Bertin, E, Bhandarkar, T, Bhargava, S, Bond, JR, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Calabrese, E, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Choi, SK, Choi, A, Conselice, C, da Costa, LN, Costanzi, M, Crichton, D, Crowley, KT, Dünner, R, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Dicker, SR, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Doel, P, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Everett, S, Ferraro, S, Ferrero, I, Ferté, A, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, Gallardo, PA, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giles, P, Golec, JE, Gralla, MB, Grandis, S, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Han, D, Hartley, WG, Hasselfield, M, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hincks, AD, Hinton, SR, Ho, S-PP, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Jaelani, AT, Jain, B, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Kent, S, Knowles, K, Koopman, BJ, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Lin, Y-T, Lokken, M, Loubser, SI, MacCrann, N, Maia, MAG, Marriage, TA, Martin, J, McMahon, J, and Melchior, P
Subjects: Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Galaxy clusters, Cosmology, Large-scale structure of the universe, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences
Abstract: We present a catalog of 4195 optically confirmed Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) selected galaxy clusters detected with signal-to-noise ratio >4 in 13,211 deg2 of sky surveyed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). Cluster candidates were selected by applying a multifrequency matched filter to 98 and 150 GHz maps constructed from ACT observations obtained from 2008 to 2018 and confirmed using deep, wide-area optical surveys. The clusters span the redshift range 0.04 < z < 1.91 (median z = 0.52). The catalog contains 222 z > 1 clusters, and a total of 868 systems are new discoveries. Assuming an SZ signal versus mass-scaling relation calibrated from X-ray observations, the sample has a 90% completeness mass limit of M500c > 3.8 × 1014 Me, evaluated at z = 0.5, for clusters detected at signal-to-noise ratio >5 in maps filtered at an angular scale of 2 4. The survey has a large overlap with deep optical weak-lensing surveys that are being used to calibrate the SZ signal mass-scaling relation, such as the Dark Energy Survey (4566 deg2), the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (469 deg2), and the Kilo Degree Survey (825 deg2). We highlight some noteworthy objects in the sample, including potentially projected systems, clusters with strong lensing features, clusters with active central galaxies or star formation, and systems of multiple clusters that may be physically associated. The cluster catalog will be a useful resource for future cosmological analyses and studying the evolution of the intracluster medium and galaxies in massive clusters over the past 10 Gyr.
Published: 2021

44. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Delensed power spectra and parameters

Author: Han, D, Sehgal, N, MacInnis, A, van Engelen, A, Sherwin, BD, Madhavacheril, MS, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Becker, DT, Calabrese, E, Choi, SK, Darwish, O, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Dunkley, J, Ferraro, S, Fox, AE, Hasselfield, M, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hložek, R, Hubmayr, J, Hughes, JP, Kosowsky, A, van Lanen, J, Louis, T, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Nibarger, JP, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Qu, FJ, Schillaci, A, Spergel, DN, Staggs, S, Storer, E, and Wollack, EJ
Subjects: cosmological parameters from CMBR, weak gravitational lensing, astro-ph.CO, hep-ph, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: We present ΛCDM cosmological parameter constraints obtained from delensed microwave background power spectra. Lensing maps from a subset of DR4 data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) are used to undo the lensing effect in ACT spectra observed at 150 and 98 GHz. At 150 GHz, we remove the lensing distortion with an effective efficiency of 30% (TT), 30% (EE), 26% (TE) and 20% (BB); this results in detections of the delensing effect at 8.7σ (TT), 5.1σ (EE), 2.6σ (TE), and 2.4σ (BB) significance. The combination of 150 and 98 GHz TT, EE, and TE delensed spectra is well fit by a standard ΛCDM model. We also measure the shift in best-fit parameters when fitting delensed versus lensed spectra; while this shift does not inform our ability to measure cosmological parameters, it does provide a three-way consistency check among the lensing inferred from the best-fit parameters, the lensing in the CMB power spectrum, and the reconstructed lensing map. This shift is predicted to be zero when fitting with the correct model since both lensed and delensed spectra originate from the same region of sky. Fitting with a ΛCDM model and marginalizing over foregrounds, we find that the shift in cosmological parameters is consistent with zero. Our results show that gravitational lensing of the microwave background is internally consistent within the framework of the standard cosmological model.
Published: 2021

45. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A CMB lensing mass map over 2100 square degrees of sky and its cross-correlation with BOSS-CMASS galaxies

Author: Darwish, O, Madhavacheril, MS, Sherwin, BD, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Becker, DT, Bond, JR, Calabrese, E, Choi, SK, Devlin, MJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Ferraro, S, Fox, AE, Gallardo, PA, Guan, Y, Halpern, M, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hincks, AD, Patty Ho, SP, Hubmayr, J, Hughes, JP, Koopman, BJ, Kosowsky, A, Van Lanen, J, Louis, T, Lungu, M, MacInnis, A, Maurin, L, McMahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, JP, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Qu, FJ, Robertson, N, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Sehgal, N, Sifón, C, Spergel, DN, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Van Engelen, A, and Wollack, EJ
Subjects: astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract: We construct cosmic microwave background lensing mass maps using data from the 2014 and 2015 seasons of observations with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). These maps cover 2100 square degrees of sky and overlap with a wide variety of optical surveys. The maps are signal dominated on large scales and have fidelity such that their correlation with the cosmic infrared background is clearly visible by eye. We also create lensing maps with thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich contamination removed using a novel cleaning procedure that only slightly degrades the lensing signal-to-noise ratio. The cross-spectrum between the cleaned lensing map and the BOSS CMASS galaxy sample is detected at 10σ significance, with an amplitude of A = 1.02 ± 0.10 relative to the Planck best-fitting Lambda cold dark matter cosmological model with fiducial linear galaxy bias. Our measurement lays the foundation for lensing cross-correlation science with current ACT data and beyond.
Published: 2021

46. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Arcminute-resolution maps of 18 000 square degrees of the microwave sky from ACT 2008–2018 data combined with Planck

Author: Naess, S, Aiola, S, Austermann, JE, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Becker, DT, Bond, RJ, Calabrese, E, Choi, SK, Cothard, NF, Crowley, KT, Darwish, O, Datta, R, Denison, EV, Devlin, M, Duell, CJ, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Fox, AE, Gallardo, PA, Halpern, M, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hincks, AD, Hložek, R, Ho, SPP, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, JP, Kosowsky, AB, Louis, T, Madhavacheril, MS, McMahon, J, Moodley, K, Nati, F, Nibarger, JP, Niemack, MD, Page, L, Partridge, B, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Sherwin, BD, Sehgal, N, Sifón, C, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Stevens, J, Storer, E, Ullom, JN, Vale, LR, van Engelen, A, van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, EM, Wollack, EJ, and Xu, Z
Subjects: CMBR experiments, CMBR polarisation, astro-ph.IM, astro-ph.CO, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: This paper presents a maximum-likelihood algorithm for combining sky maps with disparate sky coverage, angular resolution and spatially varying anisotropic noise into a single map of the sky. We use this to merge hundreds of individual maps covering the 2008–2018 ACT observing seasons, resulting in by far the deepest ACT maps released so far. We also combine the maps with the full Planck maps, resulting in maps that have the best features of both Planck and ACT: Planck’s nearly white noise on intermediate and large angular scales and ACT’s high-resolution and sensitivity on small angular scales. The maps cover over 18 000 square degrees, nearly half the full sky, at 100, 150 and 220 GHz. They reveal 4 000 optically-confirmed clusters through the Sunyaev Zel’dovich effect (SZ) and 18 500 point source candidates at > 5σ, the largest single collection of SZ clusters and millimeter wave sources to date. The multi-frequency maps provide millimeter images of nearby galaxies and individual Milky Way nebulae, and even clear detections of several nearby stars. Other anticipated uses of these maps include, for example, thermal SZ and kinematic SZ cluster stacking, CMB cluster lensing and galactic dust science. The method itself has negligible bias. However, due to the preliminary nature of some of the component data sets, we caution that these maps should not be used for precision cosmological analysis. The maps are part of ACT DR5, and will be made available on LAMBDA no later than three months after the journal publication of this article, along with an interactive sky atlas.
Published: 2020

47. Planck intermediate results

Author: Akrami, Y, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Ballardini, M, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Benabed, K, Bernard, J-P, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Burigana, C, Calabrese, E, Carvalho, P, Chiang, HC, Crill, BP, Cuttaia, F, de Rosa, A, de Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, J-M, Di Valentino, E, Diego, JM, Dupac, X, Dusini, S, Efstathiou, G, Elsner, F, Enßlin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Fernandez-Cobos, R, Finelli, F, Fraisse, AA, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, Gerbino, M, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gratton, S, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Handley, W, Hansen, FK, Herranz, D, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Huang, Z, Jones, WC, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kim, J, Kisner, TS, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lamarre, J-M, Lasenby, A, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, CR, Le Jeune, M, Levrier, F, Lilje, PB, Lindholm, V, López-Caniego, M, Ma, Y-Z, Macías-Pérez, JF, Maggio, G, Mandolesi, N, Marcos-Caballero, A, Maris, M, Martin, PG, Martínez-González, E, Matarrese, S, Mauri, N, McEwen, JD, Migliaccio, M, Molinari, D, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Natoli, P, Paoletti, D, Partridge, B, Perrotta, F, Pettorino, V, Piacentini, F, Polenta, G, Puget, J-L, Rachen, JP, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renzi, A, Rocha, G, and Roudier, G
Subjects: Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, catalogs, cosmology: observations, submillimeter: general, astro-ph.GA, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract: We describe an extension of the most recent version of the Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources (PCCS2), produced using a new multi-band Bayesian Extraction and Estimation Package (BeeP). BeeP assumes that the compact sources present in PCCS2 at 857 GHz have a dust-like spectral energy distribution (SED), which leads to emission at both lower and higher frequencies, and adjusts the parameters of the source and its SED to fit the emission observed in Planck's three highest frequency channels at 353, 545, and 857 GHz, as well as the IRIS map at 3000 GHz. In order to reduce confusion regarding diffuse cirrus emission, BeeP's data model includes a description of the background emission surrounding each source, and it adjusts the confidence in the source parameter extraction based on the statistical properties of the spatial distribution of the background emission. BeeP produces the following three new sets of parameters for each source: (a) fits to a modified blackbody (MBB) thermal emission model of the source; (b) SED-independent source flux densities at each frequency considered; and (c) fits to an MBB model of the background in which the source is embedded. BeeP also calculates, for each source, a reliability parameter, which takes into account confusion due to the surrounding cirrus. This parameter can be used to extract sub-samples of high-frequency sources with statistically well-understood properties. We define a high-reliability subset (BeeP/base), containing 26 083 sources (54.1% of the total PCCS2 catalogue), the majority of which have no information on reliability in the PCCS2. We describe the characteristics of this specific high-quality subset of PCCS2 and its validation against other data sets, specifically for: the sub-sample of PCCS2 located in low-cirrus areas; the Planck Catalogue of Galactic Cold Clumps; the Herschel GAMA15-field catalogue; and the temperature-and spectral-index-reconstructed dust maps obtained with Planck's Generalized Needlet Internal Linear Combination method. The results of the BeeP extension of PCCS2, which are made publicly available via the Planck Legacy Archive, will enable the study of the thermal properties of well-defined samples of compact Galactic and extragalactic dusty sources.
Published: 2020

48. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR4 maps and cosmological parameters

Author: Aiola, S, Calabrese, E, Maurin, L, Naess, S, Schmitt, BL, Abitbol, MH, Addison, GE, Ade, PAR, Alonso, D, Amiri, M, Amodeo, S, Angile, E, Austermann, JE, Baildon, T, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Bean, R, Becker, DT, Richard Bond, J, Bruno, SM, Calafut, V, Campusano, LE, Carrero, F, Chesmore, GE, Cho, HM, Choi, SK, Clark, SE, Cothard, NF, Crichton, D, Crowley, KT, Darwish, O, Datta, R, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Duell, CJ, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Essinger-Hileman, T, Fankhanel, M, Ferraro, S, Fox, AE, Fuzia, B, Gallardo, PA, Gluscevic, V, Golec, JE, Grace, E, Gralla, M, Guan, Y, Hall, K, Halpern, M, Han, D, Hargrave, P, Hasselfield, M, Helton, JM, Henderson, S, Hensley, B, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hincks, AD, Hložek, R, Ho, SPP, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Infante, L, Irwin, K, Jackson, R, Klein, J, Knowles, K, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Lakey, V, Li, D, Li, Y, Li, Z, Lokken, M, Louis, T, Lungu, M, MacInnis, A, Madhavacheril, M, Maldonado, F, Mallaby-Kay, M, Marsden, D, McMahon, J, Menanteau, F, Moodley, K, Morton, T, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, JP, Nicola, A, Niemack, MD, Nolta, MR, Orlowski-Sherer, J, Page, LA, and Pappas, CG
Subjects: CMBR experiments, CMBR polarisation, cosmological parameters from CMBR, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: We present new arcminute-resolution maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature and polarization anisotropy from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, using data taken from 2013–2016 at 98 and 150 GHz. The maps cover more than 17,000 deg2, the deepest 600 deg2 with noise levels below 10µK-arcmin. We use the power spectrum derived from almost 6,000 deg2 of these maps to constrain cosmology. The ACT data enable a measurement of the angular scale of features in both the divergence-like polarization and the temperature anisotropy, tracing both the velocity and density at last-scattering. From these one can derive the distance to the last-scattering surface and thus infer the local expansion rate, H0. By combining ACT data with large-scale information from WMAP we measure H0 = 67.6±1.1 km/s/Mpc, at 68% confidence, in excellent agreement with the independently-measured Planck satellite estimate (from ACT alone we find H0 = 67.9 ± 1.5 km/s/Mpc). The ΛCDM model provides a good fit to the ACT data, and we find no evidence for deviations: both the spatial curvature, and the departure from the standard lensing signal in the spectrum, are zero to within 1σ; the number of relativistic species, the primordial Helium fraction, and the running of the spectral index are consistent with ΛCDM predictions to within 1.5–2.2σ. We compare ACT, WMAP, and Planck at the parameter level and find good consistency; we investigate how the constraints on the correlated spectral index and baryon density parameters readjust when adding CMB large-scale information that ACT does not measure. The DR4 products presented here will be publicly released on the NASA Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis.
Published: 2020

49. The atacama cosmology telescope: A measurement of the cosmic microwave background power spectra at 98 and 150 GHz

Author: Choi, SK, Hasselfield, M, Ho, SPP, Koopman, B, Lungu, M, Abitbol, MH, Addison, GE, Ade, PAR, Aiola, S, Alonso, D, Amiri, M, Amodeo, S, Angile, E, Austermann, JE, Baildon, T, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Bean, R, Becker, DT, Richard Bond, J, Bruno, SM, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Campusano, LE, Carrero, F, Chesmore, GE, Cho, HM, Clark, SE, Cothard, NF, Crichton, D, Crowley, KT, Darwish, O, Datta, R, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Duell, CJ, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Essinger-Hileman, T, Fankhanel, M, Ferraro, S, Fox, AE, Fuzia, B, Gallardo, PA, Gluscevic, V, Golec, JE, Grace, E, Gralla, M, Guan, Y, Hall, K, Halpern, M, Han, D, Hargrave, P, Henderson, S, Hensley, B, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hincks, AD, Hložek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Infante, L, Irwin, K, Jackson, R, Klein, J, Knowles, K, Kosowsky, A, Lakey, V, Li, D, Li, Y, Li, Z, Lokken, M, Louis, T, MacInnis, A, Madhavacheril, M, Maldonado, F, Mallaby-Kay, M, Marsden, D, Maurin, L, McMahon, J, Menanteau, F, Moodley, K, Morton, T, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, JP, Nicola, A, Niemack, MD, Nolta, MR, Orlowski-Sherer, J, Page, LA, Pappas, CG, Partridge, B, and Phakathi, P
Subjects: CMBR experiments, CMBR polarisation, cosmological parameters from CMBR, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra of the CMB measured by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 5400 deg2 of the 2013–2016 survey, which covers >15000 deg2 at 98 and 150 GHz. For this analysis we adopt a blinding strategy to help avoid confirmation bias and, related to this, show numerous checks for systematic error done before unblinding. Using the likelihood for the cosmological analysis we constrain secondary sources of anisotropy and foreground emission, and derive a “CMB-only” spectrum that extends to ` = 4000. At large angular scales, foreground emission at 150 GHz is ∼1% of TT and EE within our selected regions and consistent with that found by Planck. Using the same likelihood, we obtain the cosmological parameters for ΛCDM for the ACT data alone with a prior on the optical depth of τ = 0.065 ± 0.015. ΛCDM is a good fit. The best-fit model has a reduced χ2 of 1.07 (PTE = 0.07) with H0 = 67.9 ± 1.5 km/s/Mpc. We show that the lensing BB signal is consistent with ΛCDM and limit the celestial EB polarization angle to ψP = −0.07◦ ±0.09◦. We directly cross correlate ACT with Planck and observe generally good agreement but with some discrepancies in TE. All data on which this analysis is based will be publicly released.
Published: 2020

50. Planck intermediate results: LVI. Detection of the CMB dipole through modulation of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect: Eppur si muove II

Author: Akrami, Y, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Ballardini, M, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Benabed, K, Bernard, JP, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Burigana, C, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, JF, Casaponsa, B, Chiang, HC, Combet, C, Contreras, D, Crill, BP, Cuttaia, F, De Bernardis, P, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Di Valentino, E, Diego, JM, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Enßlin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Fernandez-Cobos, R, Finelli, F, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Génova-Santos, RT, Gerbino, M, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Handley, W, Herranz, D, Hivon, E, Huang, Z, Jaffe, AH, Jones, WC, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kiiveri, K, Kim, J, Kisner, TS, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lamarre, JM, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, CR, Le Jeune, M, Levrier, F, Liguori, M, Lilje, PB, Lindholm, V, López-Caniego, M, Maciás-Pérez, JF, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Marcos-Caballero, A, Maris, M, Martin, PG, Martínez-González, E, Matarrese, S, Mauri, N, McEwen, JD, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Molinari, D, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Moss, A, Natoli, P, Pagano, L, Paoletti, D, Perrotta, F, Pettorino, V, Piacentini, F, Polenta, G, Rachen, JP, Reinecke, M, and Remazeilles, M
Subjects: cosmic background radiation, cosmology: observations, relativistic processes, reference systems, astro-ph.CO, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract: The largest temperature anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the dipole, which has been measured with increasing accuracy for more than three decades, particularly with the Planck satellite. The simplest interpretation of the dipole is that it is due to our motion with respect to the rest frame of the CMB. Since current CMB experiments infer temperature anisotropies from angular intensity variations, the dipole modulates the temperature anisotropies with the same frequency dependence as the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect. We present the first, and significant, detection of this signal in the tSZ maps and find that it is consistent with direct measurements of the CMB dipole, as expected. The signal contributes power in the tSZ maps, which is modulated in a quadrupolar pattern, and we estimate its contribution to the tSZ bispectrum, noting that it contributes negligible noise to the bispectrum at relevant scales.
Published: 2020

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