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553 results on '"Cairns, M"'

2. Coho Salmon Dependence on Intermittent Streams

Author

Wigington, P. J., Ebersole, J. L., Colvin, M. E., Leibowitz, S. G., Miller, B., Hansen, B., Lavigne, H. R., White, D., Baker, J. P., Church, M. R., Brooks, J. R., Cairns, M. A., and Compton, J. E.

Published
2006

5. Mathematical modelling of a seasonal use-case for the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine

Author

Thompson, H, Hogan, A, Walker, P, Winskill, P, Zongo, I, Sagara, I, Tinto, H, Ouedraogo, J-B, Dicko, A, Chandramohan, D, Greenwood, B, Cairns, M, Ghani, A, Medical Research Council (MRC), and Imperial College LOndon

Subjects
0605 Microbiology, 1117 Public Health and Health Services
Abstract

Background: A recent clinical trial of seasonal RTS,S/AS01E (RTS,S) vaccination showed that vaccination was non-inferior to seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) in preventing clinical malaria. The combination of these two interventions provided significant additional protection against clinical and severe malaria outcomes. Impact projections of this novel approach to RTS,S vaccination in seasonal transmission settings for longer time frames and across a range of epidemiological settings are needed to inform policy recommendations. Methods: We used a mathematical model of malaria transmission to assess the potential impact of an age-based or seasonally targeted RTS,S vaccination schedule in seasonal transmission settings in both the absence and presence of SMC. Estimates of cases and deaths averted in a population of 100,000 children aged 0-5 years were calculated over a 15-year time horizon for a range of levels of Plasmodium falciparum parasite prevalence in 2–10-year-olds and over two West African seasonality archetypes. Findings: Seasonally targeting RTS,S resulted in greater absolute reductions in malaria cases and deaths compared to an age-based strategy, averting between 32%-100% more clinical cases dependent on seasonality and transmission intensity. We predict that adding seasonally targeted RTS,S to SMC would reduce clinical incidence by up to an additional 36%-56% in children under five compared with SMC alone. Transmission season duration was a key determinant of intervention impact, with the advantage of adding RTS,S to SMC predicted to be smaller with shorter transmission seasons. Interpretation: RTS,S vaccination in seasonal settings could be a valuable additional tool to existing interventions, with seasonal delivery maximising impact relative to an age-based approach. Decisions surrounding deployment strategies of RTS,S in such settings will need to consider the local and regional variations in seasonality, current levels of other interventions and potential achievable RTS,S coverage. Funding: UK Medical Research Council, UK Foreign Commonwealth & Development Office, The Wellcome Trust and The Royal society.

Published
2022

8. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK medical education. A nationwide student survey

Author

Tekkis, Nicholas Pari, Rafi, Damir, Brown, Sam, Courtney, Alona, Kawka, Michal, Howell, Ann-Marie, McLean, Kenneth, Gardiner, Matthew, Mavroveli, Stella, Hutchinson, Peter, Tekkis, Paris, Wilkinson, Paul, Sam, Amir H, Savva, N, Kontovounisios, Christos, Tekkis, N, Rafi, D, Brown, S, Courtney, A, Kawka, M, Howell, A, McLean, K, Gardiner, M, Mavroveli, S, Hutchinson, P, Tekkis, P, Wilkinson, P, Sam, A H, Kontovounisios, C, Mclean, K, Singal, A, Chia, C, Chia, W, Ganesananthan, S, Ooi, S Z Y, Pengelly, S, Wellington, J, Mak, S, Subbiah Ponniah, H, Heyes, A, Aberman, I, Ahmed, T, Al-Shamaa, S, Appleton, L, Arshad, A, Awan, H, Baig, Q, Benedict, K, Berkes, S, Citeroni, N L, Damani, A, de Sancha, A, Fisayo, T, Gupta, S, Haq, M, Heer, B, Jones, A, Khan, H, Kim, H, Meiyalagan, N, Miller, G, Minta, N, Mirza, L, Mohamed, F, Ramjan, F, Read, P, Soni, L, Tailor, V, Tas, R N, Vorona, M, Walker, M, Winkler, T, Bardon, A, Acquaah, J, Ball, T, Bani, W, Elmasry, A, Hussein, F, Kolluri, M, Lusta, H, Newman, J, Nott, M, Perwaiz, M I, Rayner, R, Shah, A, Shaw, I, Yu, K, Cairns, M, Clough, R, Gaier, S, Hirani, D, Jeyapalan, T, Li, Y, Patel, C R, Shabir, H, Wang, Y A, Weatherhead, A, Dhiran, A, Renney, O, Wells, P, Ferguson, S, Joyce, A, Mergo, A, Adebayo, O, Ahmad, J, Akande, O, Ang, G, Aniereobi, E, Awasthi, S, Banjoko, A, Bates, J, Chibada, C, Clarke, N, Craner, I, Desai, D D, Dixon, K, Duffaydar, H I, Kuti, M, Mughal, A Z, Nair, D, Pham, M C, Preest, G G, Reid, R, Sachdeva, G S, Selvaratnam, K, Sheikh, J, Soran, V, Stoney, N, Wheatle, M, Howarth, K, Knapp-Wilson, A, Lee, K S, Mampitiya, N, Masson, C, McAlinden, J J, McGowan, N, Parmar, S C, Robinson, B, Wahid, S, Willis, L, Risquet, R, Adebayo, A, Dhingra, L, Kathiravelupillai, S, Narayanan, R, Soni, J, Ghafourian, P, Hounat, A, Lennon, K A, Abdi Mohamud, M, Chou, W, Chong, L, Graham, C J, Piya, S, Riad, A M, Vennard, S, Wang, J, Kawar, L, Maseland, C, Myatt, R, Tengku Saifudin, T N S, Yong, S Q, Douglas, F, Ogbechie, C, Sharma, K, Zafar, L, Bajomo, M O, Byrne, M H V, Obi, C, Oluyomi, D I, Patsalides, M A, Rajananthanan, A, Richardson, G, Clarke, A, Roxas, A, Adeboye, W, Argus, L, McSweeney, J, Rahman-Chowdhury, M, Hettiarachchi, D S, Masood, M T, Antypas, A, Thomas, M, de Andres Crespo, M, Zimmerman, M, Dhillon, A, Abraha, S, Burton, O, Jalal, A H B, Bailey, B, Casey, A, Kathiravelupillai, A, Missir, E, Boult, H, Campen, D, Collins, J M, Dulai, S, Elhassan, M, Foster, Z, Horton, E, Jones, E, Mahapatra, S, Nancarrow, T, Nyamapfene, T, Rimmer, A, Robberstad, M, Robson-Brown, S, Saeed, A, Sarwar, Y, Taylor, C, Vetere, G, Whelan, M K, Williams, J, Zahid, D, Chand, C, and Matthews, M

Subjects
Crises, Courses (Education), Medical sciences, United Kingdom
Published
2022

9. Projected health impact of post-discharge malaria chemoprevention among children under the age of five years with severe malarial anaemia in Africa: a modelling analysis

Author

Okell L, Kwambai T, Dhabangi A, Khairallah C, Nkosi-Gondwe T, Opoka R, Mousa A, Kühl M, Lucas T, Idro R, Weiss D, Cairns M, ter Kuile F, Phiri K, Robberstad B, and Mori A

Subjects
parasitic diseases
Abstract

Supplementary report provided to the WHO/GMP Guideline Development Group on Malaria Chemoprevention for “Section 4.2.5 Post-discharge malaria chemoprevention (PDMC)” of the WHO Guidelines for malaria, 3 June 2022.

Published
2022
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10. Staff Judgements of Responsibility for the Challenging Behaviour of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities

Author

Dagnan, D. and Cairns, M.

Abstract

This study examines the importance of staff judgements of responsibility for challenging behaviour in predicting their emotional and intended helping responses. Sixty-two carers completed questionnaires rating attributions of internality, stability and controllability, emotions of sympathy and anger, judgements of responsibility for the development of challenging behaviour and for its resolution and intended effort in helping in response to a scenario describing an aggressive behaviour. Results showed significant correlations between judgements of responsibility and attributions, emotions and intended effort in helping. Regression analysis showed that the best predictor of intended helping is the emotion of sympathy and that sympathy is best predicted by the attribution of internality, the judgement that people are not responsible for the development of challenging behaviour and the judgement that they are responsible for the resolution of the behaviour. Judgements of responsibility predict emotional and intended behavioural responses of carers of people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour. The results are discussed in relation to previous work on carer attributions in response to challenging behaviour. Implications for clinical work with carers are considered.

Published
2005
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27. Genome-wide association study of more than 40,000 bipolar disorder cases provides new insights into the underlying biology

Author

Mullins, N. Forstner, A.J. O’Connell, K.S. Coombes, B. Coleman, J.R.I. Qiao, Z. Als, T.D. Bigdeli, T.B. Børte, S. Bryois, J. Charney, A.W. Drange, O.K. Gandal, M.J. Hagenaars, S.P. Ikeda, M. Kamitaki, N. Kim, M. Krebs, K. Panagiotaropoulou, G. Schilder, B.M. Sloofman, L.G. Steinberg, S. Trubetskoy, V. Winsvold, B.S. Won, H.-H. Abramova, L. Adorjan, K. Agerbo, E. Al Eissa, M. Albani, D. Alliey-Rodriguez, N. Anjorin, A. Antilla, V. Antoniou, A. Awasthi, S. Baek, J.H. Bækvad-Hansen, M. Bass, N. Bauer, M. Beins, E.C. Bergen, S.E. Birner, A. Bøcker Pedersen, C. Bøen, E. Boks, M.P. Bosch, R. Brum, M. Brumpton, B.M. Brunkhorst-Kanaan, N. Budde, M. Bybjerg-Grauholm, J. Byerley, W. Cairns, M. Casas, M. Cervantes, P. Clarke, T.-K. Cruceanu, C. Cuellar-Barboza, A. Cunningham, J. Curtis, D. Czerski, P.M. Dale, A.M. Dalkner, N. David, F.S. Degenhardt, F. Djurovic, S. Dobbyn, A.L. Douzenis, A. Elvsåshagen, T. Escott-Price, V. Ferrier, I.N. Fiorentino, A. Foroud, T.M. Forty, L. Frank, J. Frei, O. Freimer, N.B. Frisén, L. Gade, K. Garnham, J. Gelernter, J. Giørtz Pedersen, M. Gizer, I.R. Gordon, S.D. Gordon-Smith, K. Greenwood, T.A. Grove, J. Guzman-Parra, J. Ha, K. Haraldsson, M. Hautzinger, M. Heilbronner, U. Hellgren, D. Herms, S. Hoffmann, P. Holmans, P.A. Huckins, L. Jamain, S. Johnson, J.S. Kalman, J.L. Kamatani, Y. Kennedy, J.L. Kittel-Schneider, S. Knowles, J.A. Kogevinas, M. Koromina, M. Kranz, T.M. Kranzler, H.R. Kubo, M. Kupka, R. Kushner, S.A. Lavebratt, C. Lawrence, J. Leber, M. Lee, H.-J. Lee, P.H. Levy, S.E. Lewis, C. Liao, C. Lucae, S. Lundberg, M. MacIntyre, D.J. Magnusson, S.H. Maier, W. Maihofer, A. Malaspina, D. Maratou, E. Martinsson, L. Mattheisen, M. McCarroll, S.A. McGregor, N.W. McGuffin, P. McKay, J.D. Medeiros, H. Medland, S.E. Millischer, V. Montgomery, G.W. Moran, J.L. Morris, D.W. Mühleisen, T.W. O’Brien, N. O’Donovan, C. Olde Loohuis, L.M. Oruc, L. Papiol, S. Pardiñas, A.F. Perry, A. Pfennig, A. Porichi, E. Potash, J.B. Quested, D. Raj, T. Rapaport, M.H. DePaulo, J.R. Regeer, E.J. Rice, J.P. Rivas, F. Rivera, M. Roth, J. Roussos, P. Ruderfer, D.M. Sánchez-Mora, C. Schulte, E.C. Senner, F. Sharp, S. Shilling, P.D. Sigurdsson, E. Sirignano, L. Slaney, C. Smeland, O.B. Smith, D.J. Sobell, J.L. Søholm Hansen, C. Soler Artigas, M. Spijker, A.T. Stein, D.J. Strauss, J.S. Świątkowska, B. Terao, C. Thorgeirsson, T.E. Toma, C. Tooney, P. Tsermpini, E.-E. Vawter, M.P. Vedder, H. Walters, J.T.R. Witt, S.H. Xi, S. Xu, W. Yang, J.M.K. Young, A.H. Young, H. Zandi, P.P. Zhou, H. Zillich, L. Adolfsson, R. Agartz, I. Alda, M. Alfredsson, L. Babadjanova, G. Backlund, L. Baune, B.T. Bellivier, F. Bengesser, S. Berrettini, W.H. Blackwood, D.H.R. Boehnke, M. Børglum, A.D. Breen, G. Carr, V.J. Catts, S. Corvin, A. Craddock, N. Dannlowski, U. Dikeos, D. Esko, T. Etain, B. Ferentinos, P. Frye, M. Fullerton, J.M. Gawlik, M. Gershon, E.S. Goes, F.S. Green, M.J. Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, M. Hauser, J. Henskens, F. Hillert, J. Hong, K.S. Hougaard, D.M. Hultman, C.M. Hveem, K. Iwata, N. Jablensky, A.V. Jones, I. Jones, L.A. Kahn, R.S. Kelsoe, J.R. Kirov, G. Landén, M. Leboyer, M. Lewis, C.M. Li, Q.S. Lissowska, J. Lochner, C. Loughland, C. Martin, N.G. Mathews, C.A. Mayoral, F. McElroy, S.L. McIntosh, A.M. McMahon, F.J. Melle, I. Michie, P. Milani, L. Mitchell, P.B. Morken, G. Mors, O. Mortensen, P.B. Mowry, B. Müller-Myhsok, B. Myers, R.M. Neale, B.M. Nievergelt, C.M. Nordentoft, M. Nöthen, M.M. O’Donovan, M.C. Oedegaard, K.J. Olsson, T. Owen, M.J. Paciga, S.A. Pantelis, C. Pato, C. Pato, M.T. Patrinos, G.P. Perlis, R.H. Posthuma, D. Ramos-Quiroga, J.A. Reif, A. Reininghaus, E.Z. Ribasés, M. Rietschel, M. Ripke, S. Rouleau, G.A. Saito, T. Schall, U. Schalling, M. Schofield, P.R. Schulze, T.G. Scott, L.J. Scott, R.J. Serretti, A. Shannon Weickert, C. Smoller, J.W. Stefansson, H. Stefansson, K. Stordal, E. Streit, F. Sullivan, P.F. Turecki, G. Vaaler, A.E. Vieta, E. Vincent, J.B. Waldman, I.D. Weickert, T.W. Werge, T. Wray, N.R. Zwart, J.-A. Biernacka, J.M. Nurnberger, J.I. Cichon, S. Edenberg, H.J. Stahl, E.A. McQuillin, A. Di Florio, A. Ophoff, R.A. Andreassen, O.A. HUNT All-In Psychiatry

Abstract

Bipolar disorder is a heritable mental illness with complex etiology. We performed a genome-wide association study of 41,917 bipolar disorder cases and 371,549 controls of European ancestry, which identified 64 associated genomic loci. Bipolar disorder risk alleles were enriched in genes in synaptic signaling pathways and brain-expressed genes, particularly those with high specificity of expression in neurons of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Significant signal enrichment was found in genes encoding targets of antipsychotics, calcium channel blockers, antiepileptics and anesthetics. Integrating expression quantitative trait locus data implicated 15 genes robustly linked to bipolar disorder via gene expression, encoding druggable targets such as HTR6, MCHR1, DCLK3 and FURIN. Analyses of bipolar disorder subtypes indicated high but imperfect genetic correlation between bipolar disorder type I and II and identified additional associated loci. Together, these results advance our understanding of the biological etiology of bipolar disorder, identify novel therapeutic leads and prioritize genes for functional follow-up studies. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.

Published
2021

29. Report 18: The potential public health impact of COVID-19 on malaria in Africa

Author

Sherrard-Smith, E, Hogan, A, Hamlet, A, Watson, OJ, Whittaker, C, Winskill, P, Verity, R, Lambert, B, Cairns, M, Okell, L, Slater, H, Ghani, A, Walker, P, Churcher, T, Imperial College COVID19 response team, and Medical Research Council (MRC)

Subjects
parasitic diseases
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic is likely to severely interrupt health systems in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) over the coming weeks and months. Approximately 90% of malaria deaths occur in this region of the world, with an estimated 380,000 deaths from malaria in 2018. Much of the gain made in malaria control over the last decade has been due to the distribution of long-lasting insecticide treated nets (LLINs). Many SSA countries planned to distribute these in 2020. We used COVID-19 and malaria transmission models to understand the likely impact that disruption to these distributions, alongside other core health services, could have on the malaria burden. Results indicate that if all malaria-control activities are highly disrupted then the malaria burden in 2020 could more than double that in the previous year, resulting in large malaria epidemics across the region. These will depend on the course of the COVID-19 epidemic and how it interrupts local health system. Our results also demonstrate that it is essential to prioritise the LLIN distributions either before or as soon as possible into local COVID-19 epidemics to mitigate this risk. Additional planning to ensure other malaria prevention activities are continued where possible, alongside planning to ensure basic access to antimalarial treatment, will further minimise the risk of substantial additional malaria mortality.

Published
2020
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30. Genome-wide association study of more than 40,000 bipolar disorder cases provides new insights into the underlying biology

Author

Mullins, N, Forstner, AJ, O'Connell, KS, Coombes, B, Coleman, JR, Qiao, Z, Als, TD, Bigdeli, TB, Borte, S, Bryois, J, Charney, AW, Drange, OK, Gandal, MJ, Hagenaars, SP, Ikeda, M, Kamitaki, N, Kim, M, Krebs, K, Panagiotaropoulou, G, Schilder, BM, Sloofman, LG, Steinberg, S, Trubetskoy, V, Winsvold, BS, Won, H-H, Abramova, L, Adorjan, K, Agerbo, E, Al Eissa, M, Albani, D, Alliey-Rodriguez, N, Anjorin, A, Antilla, V, Antoniou, A, Awasthi, S, Baek, JH, Baekvad-Hansen, M, Bass, N, Bauer, M, Beins, EC, Bergen, SE, Birner, A, Pedersen, CB, Boen, E, Boks, MP, Bosch, R, Brum, M, Brumpton, BM, Brunkhorst-Kanaan, N, Budde, M, Bybjerg-Grauholm, J, Byerley, W, Cairns, M, Casas, M, Cervantes, P, Clarke, T-K, Cruceanu, C, Cuellar-Barboza, A, Cunningham, J, Curtis, D, Czerski, PM, Dale, AM, Dalkner, N, David, FS, Degenhardt, F, Djurovic, S, Dobbyn, AL, Douzenis, A, Elvsashagen, T, Escott-Price, V, Ferrier, IN, Fiorentino, A, Foroud, TM, Forty, L, Frank, J, Frei, O, Freimer, NB, Frisen, L, Gade, K, Garnham, J, Gelernter, J, Pedersen, MG, Gizer, IR, Gordon, SD, Gordon-Smith, K, Greenwood, TA, Grove, J, Guzman-Parra, J, Ha, K, Haraldsson, M, Hautzinger, M, Heilbronner, U, Hellgren, D, Herms, S, Hoffmann, P, Holmans, PA, Huckins, L, Jamain, S, Johnson, JS, Kalman, JL, Kamatani, Y, Kennedy, JL, Kittel-Schneider, S, Knowles, JA, Kogevinas, M, Koromina, M, Kranz, TM, Kranzler, HR, Kubo, M, Kupka, R, Kushner, SA, Lavebratt, C, Lawrence, J, Leber, M, Lee, H-J, Lee, PH, Levy, SE, Lewis, C, Liao, C, Lucae, S, Lundberg, M, MacIntyre, DJ, Maier, W, Maihofer, A, Malaspina, D, Maratou, E, Martinsson, L, Mattheisen, M, McCarroll, SA, McGregor, NW, McGuffin, P, McKay, JD, Medeiros, H, Medland, SE, Millischer, V, Montgomery, GW, Moran, JL, Morris, DW, Muhleisen, TW, O'Brien, N, O'Donovan, C, Loohuis, LMO, Oruc, L, Papiol, S, Pardinas, AF, Perry, A, Pfennig, A, Porichi, E, Potash, JB, Quested, D, Raj, T, Rapaport, MH, DePaulo, JR, Regeer, EJ, Rice, JP, Rivas, F, Rivera, M, Roth, J, Roussos, P, Ruderfer, DM, Sanchez-Mora, C, Schulte, EC, Senner, F, Sharp, S, Shilling, PD, Sigurdsson, E, Sirignano, L, Slaney, C, Smeland, OB, Sobell, JL, Hansen, CS, Artigas, MS, Spijker, AT, Stein, DJ, Strauss, JS, Swiatkowska, B, Terao, C, Thorgeirsson, TE, Toma, C, Tooney, P, Tsermpini, E-E, Vawter, MP, Vedder, H, Walters, JTR, Witt, SH, Xi, S, Xu, W, Yang, JMK, Young, AH, Young, H, Zandi, PP, Zhou, H, Zillich, L, Adolfsson, R, Agartz, I, Alda, M, Alfredsson, L, Babadjanova, G, Backlund, L, Baune, BT, Bellivier, F, Bengesser, S, Berrettini, WH, Blackwood, DHR, Boehnke, M, Borglum, AD, Breen, G, Carr, VJ, Catts, S, Corvin, A, Craddock, N, Dannlowski, U, Dikeos, D, Esko, T, Etain, B, Ferentinos, P, Frye, M, Fullerton, JM, Gawlik, M, Gershon, ES, Goes, F, Green, MJ, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, M, Hauser, J, Henskens, F, Hillert, J, Hong, KS, Hougaard, DM, Hultman, CM, Hveem, K, Iwata, N, Jablensky, A, Jones, I, Jones, LA, Kahn, RS, Kelsoe, JR, Kirov, G, Landen, M, Leboyer, M, Lewis, CM, Li, QS, Lissowska, J, Lochner, C, Loughland, C, Martin, NG, Mathews, CA, Mayoral, F, McElroy, SL, McIntosh, AM, McMahon, FJ, Melle, I, Michie, P, Milani, L, Mitchell, PB, Morken, G, Mors, O, Mortensen, PB, Mowry, B, Muller-Myhsok, B, Myers, RM, Neale, BM, Nievergelt, CM, Nordentoft, M, Nothen, MM, ODonovan, MC, Oedegaard, KJ, Olsson, T, Owen, MJ, Paciga, SA, Pantelis, C, Pato, C, Pato, MT, Patrinos, GP, Perlis, RH, Posthuma, D, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reif, A, Reininghaus, EZ, Ribases, M, Rietschel, M, Ripke, S, Rouleau, GA, Saito, T, Schall, U, Schalling, M, Schofield, PR, Schulze, TG, Scott, LJ, Scott, RJ, Serretti, A, Weickert, CS, Smoller, JW, Stefansson, H, Stefansson, K, Stordal, E, Streit, F, Sullivan, PF, Turecki, G, Vaaler, AE, Vieta, E, Vincent, JB, Waldman, ID, Weickert, TW, Werge, T, Wray, NR, Zwart, J, Biernacka, JM, Nurnberger, J, Cichon, S, Edenberg, HJ, Stahl, EA, McQuillin, A, Di Florio, A, Ophoff, RA, Andreassen, OA, Mullins, N, Forstner, AJ, O'Connell, KS, Coombes, B, Coleman, JR, Qiao, Z, Als, TD, Bigdeli, TB, Borte, S, Bryois, J, Charney, AW, Drange, OK, Gandal, MJ, Hagenaars, SP, Ikeda, M, Kamitaki, N, Kim, M, Krebs, K, Panagiotaropoulou, G, Schilder, BM, Sloofman, LG, Steinberg, S, Trubetskoy, V, Winsvold, BS, Won, H-H, Abramova, L, Adorjan, K, Agerbo, E, Al Eissa, M, Albani, D, Alliey-Rodriguez, N, Anjorin, A, Antilla, V, Antoniou, A, Awasthi, S, Baek, JH, Baekvad-Hansen, M, Bass, N, Bauer, M, Beins, EC, Bergen, SE, Birner, A, Pedersen, CB, Boen, E, Boks, MP, Bosch, R, Brum, M, Brumpton, BM, Brunkhorst-Kanaan, N, Budde, M, Bybjerg-Grauholm, J, Byerley, W, Cairns, M, Casas, M, Cervantes, P, Clarke, T-K, Cruceanu, C, Cuellar-Barboza, A, Cunningham, J, Curtis, D, Czerski, PM, Dale, AM, Dalkner, N, David, FS, Degenhardt, F, Djurovic, S, Dobbyn, AL, Douzenis, A, Elvsashagen, T, Escott-Price, V, Ferrier, IN, Fiorentino, A, Foroud, TM, Forty, L, Frank, J, Frei, O, Freimer, NB, Frisen, L, Gade, K, Garnham, J, Gelernter, J, Pedersen, MG, Gizer, IR, Gordon, SD, Gordon-Smith, K, Greenwood, TA, Grove, J, Guzman-Parra, J, Ha, K, Haraldsson, M, Hautzinger, M, Heilbronner, U, Hellgren, D, Herms, S, Hoffmann, P, Holmans, PA, Huckins, L, Jamain, S, Johnson, JS, Kalman, JL, Kamatani, Y, Kennedy, JL, Kittel-Schneider, S, Knowles, JA, Kogevinas, M, Koromina, M, Kranz, TM, Kranzler, HR, Kubo, M, Kupka, R, Kushner, SA, Lavebratt, C, Lawrence, J, Leber, M, Lee, H-J, Lee, PH, Levy, SE, Lewis, C, Liao, C, Lucae, S, Lundberg, M, MacIntyre, DJ, Maier, W, Maihofer, A, Malaspina, D, Maratou, E, Martinsson, L, Mattheisen, M, McCarroll, SA, McGregor, NW, McGuffin, P, McKay, JD, Medeiros, H, Medland, SE, Millischer, V, Montgomery, GW, Moran, JL, Morris, DW, Muhleisen, TW, O'Brien, N, O'Donovan, C, Loohuis, LMO, Oruc, L, Papiol, S, Pardinas, AF, Perry, A, Pfennig, A, Porichi, E, Potash, JB, Quested, D, Raj, T, Rapaport, MH, DePaulo, JR, Regeer, EJ, Rice, JP, Rivas, F, Rivera, M, Roth, J, Roussos, P, Ruderfer, DM, Sanchez-Mora, C, Schulte, EC, Senner, F, Sharp, S, Shilling, PD, Sigurdsson, E, Sirignano, L, Slaney, C, Smeland, OB, Sobell, JL, Hansen, CS, Artigas, MS, Spijker, AT, Stein, DJ, Strauss, JS, Swiatkowska, B, Terao, C, Thorgeirsson, TE, Toma, C, Tooney, P, Tsermpini, E-E, Vawter, MP, Vedder, H, Walters, JTR, Witt, SH, Xi, S, Xu, W, Yang, JMK, Young, AH, Young, H, Zandi, PP, Zhou, H, Zillich, L, Adolfsson, R, Agartz, I, Alda, M, Alfredsson, L, Babadjanova, G, Backlund, L, Baune, BT, Bellivier, F, Bengesser, S, Berrettini, WH, Blackwood, DHR, Boehnke, M, Borglum, AD, Breen, G, Carr, VJ, Catts, S, Corvin, A, Craddock, N, Dannlowski, U, Dikeos, D, Esko, T, Etain, B, Ferentinos, P, Frye, M, Fullerton, JM, Gawlik, M, Gershon, ES, Goes, F, Green, MJ, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, M, Hauser, J, Henskens, F, Hillert, J, Hong, KS, Hougaard, DM, Hultman, CM, Hveem, K, Iwata, N, Jablensky, A, Jones, I, Jones, LA, Kahn, RS, Kelsoe, JR, Kirov, G, Landen, M, Leboyer, M, Lewis, CM, Li, QS, Lissowska, J, Lochner, C, Loughland, C, Martin, NG, Mathews, CA, 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Abstract

Bipolar disorder is a heritable mental illness with complex etiology. We performed a genome-wide association study of 41,917 bipolar disorder cases and 371,549 controls of European ancestry, which identified 64 associated genomic loci. Bipolar disorder risk alleles were enriched in genes in synaptic signaling pathways and brain-expressed genes, particularly those with high specificity of expression in neurons of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Significant signal enrichment was found in genes encoding targets of antipsychotics, calcium channel blockers, antiepileptics and anesthetics. Integrating expression quantitative trait locus data implicated 15 genes robustly linked to bipolar disorder via gene expression, encoding druggable targets such as HTR6, MCHR1, DCLK3 and FURIN. Analyses of bipolar disorder subtypes indicated high but imperfect genetic correlation between bipolar disorder type I and II and identified additional associated loci. Together, these results advance our understanding of the biological etiology of bipolar disorder, identify novel therapeutic leads and prioritize genes for functional follow-up studies.

Published
2021

47. Water buffalo genomic diversity and post-domestication migration routes

Author

Colli, L., Milanesi, M., Vajana, E., Iamartino, D., Bomba, L., Puglisi, F., CORVO M, DEL ., Nicolazzi, E., EL DIN AHMED, S. S., Herrera, J. R. V., Cruz, L., Zhang, S., Yang, L., Hao, H., Zuo, F., Lai, S. J., Wang, S., Liu, R., Gong, Y., Mokhber, M., Shahrbabak, H. M., Mao, Y., Feng, Guan, Vlaic, A., Ramunno, L., Ahmad, A., Soysal, I., Özkan, ÜNAL E., KETUDAT CAIRNS, M., Garcia, J. F., Utsunomiya, Y. T., Parnpai, R., Drummond, M. G., Galbusera, P., Burton, J., Hoal, E., Yusnizar, Y., Sumantri, C., Moioli, B., Valentini, A., Stella, A., Williams, J., Marsan, P. A., COSENZA, GIANFRANCO, COLLI L., MILANESI M., VAJANA E., IAMARTINO D., BOMBA L., PUGLISI F., DEL CORVO M., NICOLAZZI E., EL-DIN AHMED S.S., HERRERA J. R. V., CRUZ L., ZHANG S., YANG L., HAO H., ZUO F., LAI S-J., WANG S., LIU R., GONG Y., MOKHBER M., SHAHRBABAK H.M., MAO Y., FENG GUAN, VLAIC A., RAMUNNO L., COSENZA G., AHMAD A., SOYSAL I., ÖZKAN ÜNAL E., KETUDAT-CAIRNS M., GARCIA J.F., UTSUNOMIYA Y.T., PARNPAI R., DRUMMOND M.G., GALBUSERA P., BURTON J., HOAL E., YUSNIZAR Y., SUMANTRI C., MOIOLI B., VALENTINI A., STELLA A., WILLIAMS J., INTERNATIONAL BUFFALO CONSORTIUM AND MARSAN P. A., Colli, L., Milanesi, M., Vajana, E., Iamartino, D., Bomba, L., Puglisi, F., CORVO M, DEL ., Nicolazzi, E., EL DIN AHMED, S. S., Herrera, J. R. V., Cruz, L., Zhang, S., Yang, L., Hao, H., Zuo, F., Lai, S. J., Wang, S., Liu, R., Gong, Y., Mokhber, M., Shahrbabak, H. M., Mao, Y., Feng, Guan, Vlaic, A., Ramunno, L., Cosenza, Gianfranco, Ahmad, A., Soysal, I., Özkan, ÜNAL E., KETUDAT CAIRNS, M., Garcia, J. F., Utsunomiya, Y. T., Parnpai, R., Drummond, M. G., Galbusera, P., Burton, J., Hoal, E., Yusnizar, Y., Sumantri, C., Moioli, B., Valentini, A., Stella, A., Williams, J., and Marsan, P. A.

Subjects
Water buffalo, genomic diversity
Abstract

The 90K Affymetrix Axiom® Buffalo Genotyping Array has been used to genotype river buffalo samples from Pakistan, Iran, Turkey, Egypt, Romania, Bulgaria, Italy, Mozambique, Brazil and Colombia, and swamp buffaloes from China, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia and Brazil. Model-based clustering algorithms (Admixture and FastStructure software) and graph tools (Treemix and network analysis) have been applied to SNP data to evaluate the levels of molecular diversity and to highlight population structure and migration events. The best-fitting resolution devised by Bayesian clustering highlighted three distinct gene pools in pure river as well as in pure swamp buffalo populations, together with some genomic admixture occurring in the Philippines and in Brazil, in agreement with documented importations of animals for breed improvement purposes. The Mediterranean buffalo and the Carabao breed from Brazil represent the most differentiated gene pools within the river and swamp group, respectively, which is most likely due to genetic bottlenecks, isolation and selection. Gene flow events, evidenced by Treemix and Network analyses, highlighted a likely contribution from the river buffalo gene pool to the admixed swamp populations and, within river buffaloes, from the Mediterranean to the breeds from Colombia and Brazil. When evaluated in a geographical framework, the results of our analyses support archeozoological evidence for the domestication of river and swamp buffalo in the Indian subcontinent and in Southeast Asia, respectively, and furthermore revealed some unexpected patterns of migration, which suggest that the spread of domestic buffaloes out of the domestication center may have followed alternative migration routes.

Published
2016

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