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7. Methods and results of a search for gravitational waves associated with gamma-ray bursts using the GEO600, LIGO, and Virgo detectors

Author

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, Aasi, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Ajith, P., Alemic, A., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Amariutei, D., Andersen, M., Anderson, R. A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Arceneaux, C., Areeda, J. S., Ast, S., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aufmuth, P., Augustus, H., Aulbert, C., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P. T., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Barayoga, J. C., Barbet, M., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Batch, J. C., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, Th. S., Baune, C., Bavigadda, V., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Beker, M. G., Belczynski, C., Bell, A. S., Bell, C., Bergmann, G., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Biscans, S., Bitossi, M., Biwer, C., Bizouard, M. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bloemen, S., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Bogan, C., Bond, C., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, Sukanta, Bosi, L., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Bridges, D. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brown, D. D., Brückner, F., Buchman, S., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burman, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Campsie, P., Cannon, K. C., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Carbognani, F., Carbone, L., Caride, S., Castaldi, G., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Celerier, C., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chakraborty, R., Chalermsongsak, T., Chamberlin, S. J., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Chow, J. H., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, D. E., Clark, J. A., Clayton, J. H., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colla, A., Collette, C., Colombini, M., Cominsky, L., Constancio Jr., M., Conte, A., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M. W., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creighton, J. D. E., Croce, R. P., Crowder, S. G., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Cutler, C., Dahl, K., Canton, T. Dal, Damjanic, M., Danilishin, S. L., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dattilo, V., Daveloza, H., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Daw, E. J., Day, R., Dayanga, T., DeBra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., Deléglise, S., Del Pozzo, W., Denker, T., Dent, T., Dereli, H., Dergachev, V., De Rosa, R., DeRosa, R. T., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Díaz, M., Dickson, J., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Di Virgilio, A., Dolique, V., Dominguez, E., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Douglas, R., Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Ducrot, M., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edo, T., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Eggenstein, H. -B., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Endrőczi, G., Essick, R., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Fan, X., Fang, Q., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favata, M., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Fejer, M. M., Feldbaum, D., Feroz, F., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, E. C., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L. S., Fiori, I., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Fournier, J. -D., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gair, J. R., Gammaitoni, L., Gaonkar, S., Garufi, F., Gehrels, N., Gemme, G., Gendre, B., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gleason, J., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gondan, L., González, G., Gordon, N., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S., Goßler, S., Gouaty, R., Gräf, C., Graff, P. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grover, K., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guido, C. J., Gushwa, K., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Ha, J., Hall, E. D., Hamilton, W., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanke, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Hart, M., Hartman, M. T., Haster, C. -J., Haughian, K., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Heurs, M., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Hofman, D., Holt, K., Hopkins, P., Horrom, T., Hoske, D., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Hu, Y., Huerta, E., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh, M., Huynh-Dinh, T., Idrisy, A., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Islas, G., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M., Jang, H., Jaranowski, P., Ji, Y., Jiménez-Forteza, F., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Haris, K., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Karlen, J., Kasprzack, M., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, H., Kaufer, S., Kaur, T., Kawabe, K., Kawazoe, F., Kéfélian, F., Keiser, G. M., Keitel, D., Kelley, D. B., Kells, W., Keppel, D. G., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, C., Kim, K., Kim, N. G., Kim, N., Kim, S., Kim, Y. -M., King, E. J., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kline, J., Koehlenbeck, S., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Koranda, S., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D. B., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, A., Kumar, D. Nanda, Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Lam, P. K., Landry, M., Lantz, B., Larson, S., Lasky, P. D., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lebigot, E. O., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, J., Lee, P. J., Leonardi, M., Leong, J. R., Roux, A. Le, Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Levine, B., Lewis, J., Li, T. G. F., Libbrecht, K., Libson, A., Lin, A. C., Littenberg, T. B., Lockerbie, N. A., Lockett, V., Lodhia, D., Loew, K., Logue, J., Lombardi, A. L., Lopez, E., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J., Lubinski, M. J., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. P., Ma, Y., Macdonald, E. P., MacDonald, T., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Magaña-Sandoval, F., Magee, R., Mageswaran, M., Maglione, C., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malvezzi, V., Man, N., Manca, G. M., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mangini, N. M., Mansell, G., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martinelli, L., Martynov, D., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Mavalvala, N., May, G., Mazumder, N., Mazzolo, G., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McIver, J., McLin, K., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Meidam, J., Meinders, M., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Meyers, P. M., Mezzani, F., Miao, H., Michel, C., Mikhailov, E. E., Milano, L., Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mingarelli, C. M. F., Mishra, C., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Moggi, A., Mohan, M., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morriss, S. R., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mueller, C. L., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Murphy, D., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nagy, M. F., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Necula, V., Nelemans, G., Neri, I., Neri, M., Newton, G., Nguyen, T., Nielsen, A. B., Nissanke, S., Nitz, A. H., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. E. N., Nuttall, L. K., Ochsner, E., O'Dell, J., Oelker, E., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Omar, S., Oppermann, P., Oram, R., O'Reilly, B., Ortega, W., O'Shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Padilla, C., Pai, A., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pan, H., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Papa, M. A., Paris, H., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Pedraza, M., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Phelps, M., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Poeld, J., Poggiani, R., Poteomkin, A., Powell, J., Prasad, J., Predoi, V., Premachandra, S., Prestegard, T., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Privitera, S., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Pürrer, M., Qin, J., Quetschke, V., Quintero, E., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Rácz, I., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajalakshmi, G., Rakhmanov, M., Ramet, C., Ramirez, K., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Re, V., Recchia, S., Reed, C. M., Regimbau, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Reula, O., Rhoades, E., Ricci, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Robertson, N. A., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Roddy, S. B., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Romano, R., Romanov, G., Romie, J. H., Rosińska, D., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., Sandberg, V., Sanders, J. R., Sankar, S., Sannibale, V., Santiago-Prieto, I., Saracco, E., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R., Scheuer, J., Schilling, R., Schilman, M., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schreiber, E., Schuette, D., Schutz, B. F., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shah, S., Shahriar, M. S., Shaltev, M., Shao, Z., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sidery, T. L., Siellez, K., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Simakov, D., Singer, A., Singer, L., Singh, R., Sintes, A. M., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, M. R., Smith, R. J. E., Smith-Lefebvre, N. D., Son, E. J., Sorazu, B., Souradeep, T., Staley, A., Stebbins, J., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Stephens, B. C., Steplewski, S., Stevenson, S., Stone, R., Stops, D., Strain, K. A., Straniero, N., Strigin, S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B., Tacca, M., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tao, J., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, R., Tellez, G., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Tiwari, V., Tokmakov, K. V., Tomlinson, C., Tonelli, M., Torres, C. V., Torrie, C. I., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Tse, M., Tshilumba, D., Tuennermann, H., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., Vallisneri, M., van Beuzekom, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, van der Sluys, M. V., van Heijningen, J., van Veggel, A. A., Vass, S., Vasúth, M., Vaulin, R., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Vincent-Finley, R., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vousden, W. D., Vyachanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, L., Wade, M., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, M., Wang, X., Ward, R. L., Was, M., Weaver, B., Wei, L. -W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Welborn, T., Wen, L., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., White, D. J., Whiting, B. F., Wiesner, K., Wilkinson, C., Williams, K., Williams, L., Williams, R., Williams, T. D., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wimmer, M., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wiseman, A. G., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Wolovick, N., Worden, J., Wu, Y., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yam, W., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Yang, H., Yoshida, S., Yvert, M., Zadrożny, A., Zanolin, M., Zendri, J. -P., Zhang, Fan, Zhang, L., Zhao, C., Zhu, H., Zhu, X. J., Zucker, M. E., Zuraw, S., Zweizig, J., Cain, J., Fotopoulos, N., Gill, C., Jones, G., Patel, P., Rogstad, S., and Trias, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

In this paper we report on a search for short-duration gravitational wave bursts in the frequency range 64 Hz-1792 Hz associated with gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), using data from GEO600 and one of the LIGO or Virgo detectors. We introduce the method of a linear search grid to analyse GRB events with large sky localisation uncertainties such as the localisations provided by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM). Coherent searches for gravitational waves (GWs) can be computationally intensive when the GRB sky position is not well-localised, due to the corrections required for the difference in arrival time between detectors. Using a linear search grid we are able to reduce the computational cost of the analysis by a factor of O(10) for GBM events. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our analysis pipeline can improve upon the sky localisation of GRBs detected by the GBM, if a high-frequency GW signal is observed in coincidence. We use the linear search grid method in a search for GWs associated with 129 GRBs observed satellite-based gamma-ray experiments between 2006 and 2011. The GRBs in our sample had not been previously analysed for GW counterparts. A fraction of our GRB events are analysed using data from GEO600 while the detector was using squeezed-light states to improve its sensitivity; this is the first search for GWs using data from a squeezed-light interferometric observatory. We find no evidence for GW signals, either with any individual GRB in this sample or with the population as a whole. For each GRB we place lower bounds on the distance to the progenitor, assuming a fixed GW emission energy of $10^{-2} M_{\odot}c^{2}$, with a median exclusion distance of 0.8 Mpc for emission at 500 Hz and 0.3 Mpc at 1 kHz. The reduced computational cost associated with a linear search grid will enable rapid searches for GWs associated with Fermi GBM events in the Advanced detector era., Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. For a science summary, see http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-GEOGRB/ . For the public data release of GW search results for each GRB in the paper, see https://dcc.ligo.org/LIGO-P1300086/public

Published
2014
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8. COLUMBIA-1: a randomised study of durvalumab plus oleclumab in combination with chemotherapy and bevacizumab in metastatic microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer

Author

Segal, NH, Tie, J, Kopetz, S, Ducreux, M, Chen, E, Dienstmann, R, Hollebecque, A, Reilley, MJ, Elez, E, Cosaert, J, Cain, J, Soo-Hoo, Y, Hewson, N, Cooper, ZA, Kumar, R, Tabernero, J, Segal, NH, Tie, J, Kopetz, S, Ducreux, M, Chen, E, Dienstmann, R, Hollebecque, A, Reilley, MJ, Elez, E, Cosaert, J, Cain, J, Soo-Hoo, Y, Hewson, N, Cooper, ZA, Kumar, R, and Tabernero, J

Abstract

BACKGROUND: To determine whether the addition of durvalumab (anti-PD-L1) and oleclumab (anti-CD73) to standard-of-care treatment (FOLFOX and bevacizumab) enhances the anti-tumour effect in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). METHODS: COLUMBIA-1 (NCT04068610) was a Phase Ib (feasibility; Part 1)/Phase II (randomised; Part 2) trial in patients with treatment-naïve microsatellite stable mCRC. Patients in Part 2 were randomised to receive standard-of-care (control arm) or standard-of-care plus durvalumab and oleclumab (experimental arm). Primary objectives included safety and efficacy. RESULTS: Seven patients were enrolled in Part 1 and 52 in Part 2 (n = 26 in each arm). Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAE) occurred in 80.8% and 65.4% of patients in the control and experimental arms of Part 2, respectively, with 26.9% and 46.3% experiencing serious TEAEs. The confirmed objective response rate (ORR) was numerically higher in the experimental arm compared with the control arm (61.5% [95% confidence interval (CI), 40.6-79.8] vs 46.2% [95% CI, 26.6-66.6]) but did not meet the statistically significant threshold in either arm. CONCLUSION: The safety profile of FOLFOX and bevacizumab in combination with durvalumab and oleclumab was manageable; however, the efficacy results do not warrant further development of this combination in patients with microsatellite stable mCRC. REGISTRATION: NCT04068610.

Published
2024

9. Becoming a Globally Competent Teacher

Author

ASCD, Tichnor-Wagner, Ariel, Parkhouse, Hillary, Glazier, Jocelyn, Cain, J. Montana, Tichnor-Wagner, Ariel, Parkhouse, Hillary, Glazier, Jocelyn, Cain, J. Montana, and ASCD

Abstract

Teachers today must prepare students for an increasingly complex, interconnected, and interdependent world. Being a globally competent teacher requires embracing a mindset that translates personal global competence into professional classroom practice. It is a vision of equitable teaching and learning that enables students to thrive in an ever-changing world. This thought-provoking book introduces a proven self-reflection tool to help educators of all grade levels and content areas develop 12 elements of such teaching. The book is divided into three sections: dispositions, knowledge, and skills. Each chapter is devoted to an element of globally competent teaching and includes a description of that element, tips for implementation delineated by developmental levels, and links to additional resources for continuing the journey. Examples of globally competent teaching practices include: (1) Empathy and valuing multiple perspectives; (2) A commitment to promoting equity worldwide; (3) An understanding of global conditions and current events; (4) The ability to engage in intercultural communication; and (5) A classroom environment that values diversity and global engagement. Throughout, you'll also find examples of these practices at work from real teachers in real schools. No matter what your experience with global teaching, the information in this book will help you further develop your practice as a global educator--a teacher who prepares students not only for academic success but also for a life in which they are active participants in their own communities and the wider world.

Published
2019

10. All-sky Search for Periodic Gravitational Waves in the Full S5 LIGO Data

Author

Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adams, C., Adhikari, R., Affeldt, C., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G. S., Ceron, E. Amador, Amariutei, D., Amin, R. S., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Arain, M. A., Araya, M. C., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Atkinson, D., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barriga, P., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Basti, A., Batch, J., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, Th. S., Bebronne, M., Behnke, B., Beker, M. G., Bell, A. S., Belletoile, A., Belopolski, I., Benacquista, M., Berliner, J. M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Biswas, R., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Blom, M., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bogan, C., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bosi, L., Bouhou, B., Braccini, S., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Briant, T., Bridges, D. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brummit, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burguet--Castell, J., Burmeister, O., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cain, J., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Campsie, P., Cannizzo, J., Cannon, K., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, O., Chalermsongsak, T., Chalkley, E., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chelkowski, S., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, C. T. Y., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, D. E., Clark, J., Clayton, J. H., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colacino, C. N., Colas, J., Colla, A., Colombini, M., Conte, A., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cordier, M., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M., Coulon, J. -P., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Cutler, R. M., Dahl, K., Danilishin, S. L., Dannenberg, R., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Daveloza, H., Davier, M., Davies, G., Daw, E. J., Day, R., Dayanga, T., De Rosa, R., DeBra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., Del Pozzo, W., del Prete, M., Dent, T., Dergachev, V., DeRosa, R., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Emilio, M. Di Paolo, Di Virgilio, A., Díaz, M., Dietz, A., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Dorsher, S., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. 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Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

We report on an all-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in the frequency band 50-800 Hz and with the frequency time derivative in the range of 0 through -6e-9 Hz/s. Such a signal could be produced by a nearby spinning and slightly non-axisymmetric isolated neutron star in our galaxy. After recent improvements in the search program that yielded a 10x increase in computational efficiency, we have searched in two years of data collected during LIGO's fifth science run and have obtained the most sensitive all-sky upper limits on gravitational wave strain to date. Near 150 Hz our upper limit on worst-case linearly polarized strain amplitude $h_0$ is 1e-24, while at the high end of our frequency range we achieve a worst-case upper limit of 3.8e-24 for all polarizations and sky locations. These results constitute a factor of two improvement upon previously published data. A new detection pipeline utilizing a Loosely Coherent algorithm was able to follow up weaker outliers, increasing the volume of space where signals can be detected by a factor of 10, but has not revealed any gravitational wave signals. The pipeline has been tested for robustness with respect to deviations from the model of an isolated neutron star, such as caused by a low-mass or long-period binary companion., Comment: 18 pages

Published
2011
Full Text
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11. Implementation and testing of the first prompt search for gravitational wave transients with electromagnetic counterparts

Author

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adams, C., Adhikari, R., Affeldt, C., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G. S., Ceron, E. Amador, Amariutei, D., Amin, R. S., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Arain, M. A., Araya, M. C., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Atkinson, D., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barriga, P., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Basti, A., Batch, J., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, Th. S., Bebronne, M., Behnke, B., Beker, M. G., Bell, A. S., Belletoile, A., Belopolski, I., Benacquista, M., Berliner, J. M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Biswas, R., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Blom, M., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bogan, C., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bosi, L., Bouhou, B., Braccini, S., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Briant, T., Bridges, D. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brummit, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burguet--Castell, J., Burmeister, O., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cain, J., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Campsie, P., Cannizzo, J., Cannon, K., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, O., Chalermsongsak, T., Chalkley, E., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chelkowski, S., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, C. T. Y., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, D. E., Clark, J., Clayton, J. H., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colacino, C. N., Colas, J., Colla, A., Colombini, M., Conte, A., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cordier, M., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M., Coulon, J. -P., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Cutler, R. M., Dahl, K., Danilishin, S. L., Dannenberg, R., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Daveloza, H., Davier, M., Davies, G., Daw, E. J., Day, R., Dayanga, T., De Rosa, R., DeBra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., Del Pozzo, W., del Prete, M., Dent, T., Dergachev, V., DeRosa, R., DeSalvo, R., Dhillon, V., Dhurandhar, S., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Emilio, M. Di Paolo, Di Virgilio, A., Díaz, M., Dietz, A., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Dorsher, S., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Dumas, J. -C., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Endrőczi, G., Engel, R., Etzel, T., Evans, K., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Fan, Y., Farr, B. F., Farr, W., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L. S., Fiori, I., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Flanigan, M., Foley, S., Forsi, E., Forte, L. A., Fotopoulos, N., Fournier, J. -D., Franc, J., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Fridriksson, J. K., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P. J., Fyffe, M., Galimberti, M., Gammaitoni, L., Ganija, M. R., Garcia, J., Garofoli, J. A., Garufi, F., Gáspár, M. E., Gemme, G., Geng, R., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Gergely, L. Á., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, C., Goetz, E., Goggin, L. M., González, G., Gorodetsky, M. L., Goßler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Gray, N., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Greverie, C., Grosso, R., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guido, C., Gupta, R., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Ha, T., Hage, B., Hallam, J. M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Hartman, M. T., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Hayau, J. -F., Hayler, T., Heefner, J., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hendry, M. A., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Herrera, V., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Homan, J., Hong, T., Hooper, S., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh-Dinh, T., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M., Jang, H., Jaranowski, P., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, G., Jones, R., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kamaretsos, I., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, H., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kells, W., Keppel, D. G., Keresztes, Z., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, D., Kim, H., Kim, K., Kim, N., Kim, Y. -M., King, P. J., Kinsey, M., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Kopparapu, R., Koranda, S., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D., Kringel, V., Krishnamurthy, S., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, R., Kwee, P., Laas-Bourez, M., Lam, P. K., Landry, M., Lang, M., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lawrie, C., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. M., Leindecker, N., Leong, J. R., Leonor, I., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Li, J., Li, T. G. F., Liguori, N., Lindquist, P. E., Lockerbie, N. A., Lodhia, D., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Luan, J., Lubinski, M., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. P., Macdonald, E., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mantovani, M., Marandi, A., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., Mazzolo, G., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McDaniel, P., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McKechan, D. J. A., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A. C., Mendell, G., Menendez, D., Mercer, R. A., Merill, L., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Miao, H., Michel, C., Milano, L., Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Moe, B., Moesta, P., Mohan, M., Mohanty, S. D., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morgia, A., Mori, T., Mosca, S., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow--Lowry, C. M., Mueller, C. L., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Müller-Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nash, T., Naticchioni, L., Nawrodt, R., Necula, V., Nelson, J., Newton, G., Nishida, E., Nishizawa, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Nuttall, L., Ochsner, E., O'Dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Oldenburg, R. G., O'Reilly, B., O'Shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ott, C. D., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Page, A., Pagliaroli, G., Palladino, L., Palomba, C., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Papa, M. A., Parisi, M., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patel, P., Pathak, D., Pedraza, M., Peiris, P., Pekowsky, L., Penn, S., Peralta, C., Perreca, A., Persichetti, G., Phelps, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pietka, M., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H. J., Plissi, M. V., Poggiani, R., Pöld, J., Postiglione, F., Prato, M., Predoi, V., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Rácz, I., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Rakhmanov, M., Ramet, C. R., Rankins, B., Rapagnani, P., Rapoport, S., Raymond, V., Re, V., Redwine, K., Reed, C. M., Reed, T., Regimbau, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ricci, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Robertson, N. A., Robinet, F., Robinson, C., Robinson, E. L., Rocchi, A., Roddy, S., Rodriguez, C., Rodruck, M., Rolland, L., Rollins, J., Romano, J. D., Romano, R., Romie, J. H., Rosińska, D., Röver, C., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Ryll, H., Sainathan, P., Sakosky, M., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., de la Jordana, L. Sancho, Sandberg, V., Sankar, S., Sannibale, V., Santamaría, L., Santiago-Prieto, I., Santostasi, G., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sato, S., Satterthwaite, M., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R. L., Schilling, R., Schlamminger, S., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schulz, B., Schutz, B. F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Searle, A. C., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sibley, A., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Singer, A., Singer, L., Sintes, A. M., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, M. R., Smith, N. D., Smith, R. J. E., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Soto, J., Speirits, F. C., Sperandio, L., Stefszky, M., Stein, A. J., Steinert, E., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A. S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B., Tacca, M., Taffarello, L., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, J. R., Taylor, R., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Thüring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K. V., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Torre, O., Torres, C., Torrie, C. I., Tournefier, E., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trias, M., Tseng, K., Turner, L., Ugolini, D., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Vallisneri, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, van der Putten, S., van Veggel, A. A., Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Vaulin, R., Vavoulidis, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Veltkamp, C., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Villar, A. E., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A., Waldman, S. J., Wallace, L., Wan, Y., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Wanner, A., Ward, R. L., Was, M., Wei, P., Weinert, M., We, A. J., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wen, S., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., White, D., Whiting, B. F., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P. A., Williams, H. R., Williams, L., Willke, B., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wiseman, A. G., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yang, H., Yeaton-Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yu, P., Yvert, M., Zadroźny, A., Zanolin, M., Zendri, J. -P., Zhang, F., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Akerlof, C., Boer, M., Fender, R., Gehrels, N., Klotz, A., Ofek, E. O., Smith, M., Sokolowski, M., Stappers, B. W., Steele, I., Swinbank, J., Wijers, R. A. M. J., and Zheng, W.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

Aims. A transient astrophysical event observed in both gravitational wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) channels would yield rich scientific rewards. A first program initiating EM follow-ups to possible transient GW events has been developed and exercised by the LIGO and Virgo community in association with several partners. In this paper, we describe and evaluate the methods used to promptly identify and localize GW event candidates and to request images of targeted sky locations. Methods. During two observing periods (Dec 17 2009 to Jan 8 2010 and Sep 2 to Oct 20 2010), a low-latency analysis pipeline was used to identify GW event candidates and to reconstruct maps of possible sky locations. A catalog of nearby galaxies and Milky Way globular clusters was used to select the most promising sky positions to be imaged, and this directional information was delivered to EM observatories with time lags of about thirty minutes. A Monte Carlo simulation has been used to evaluate the low-latency GW pipeline's ability to reconstruct source positions correctly. Results. For signals near the detection threshold, our low-latency algorithms often localized simulated GW burst signals to tens of square degrees, while neutron star/neutron star inspirals and neutron star/black hole inspirals were localized to a few hundred square degrees. Localization precision improves for moderately stronger signals. The correct sky location of signals well above threshold and originating from nearby galaxies may be observed with ~50% or better probability with a few pointings of wide-field telescopes., Comment: 17 pages. This version (v2) includes two tables and 1 section not included in v1. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2011
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12. Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using LIGO S5 science data

Author

Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adams, C., Adhikari, R., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G. S., Ceron, E. Amador, Amin, R. S., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Antonucci, F., Arain, M. A., Araya, M. C., Aronsson, M., Arun, K. G., Aso, Y., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Atkinson, D., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S., Barker, D., Barnum, S., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barriga, P., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, Th. S., Behnke, B., Beker, M. G., Belletoile, A., Benacquista, M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bigotta, S., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birindelli, S., Biswas, R., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Blom, M., Boccara, C., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Bose, S., Bosi, L., Bouhou, B., Boyle, M., Braccini, S., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Bridges, D. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Budzyński, R., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burguet--Castell, J., Burmeister, O., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cain, J., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Campagna, E., Campsie, P., Cannizzo, J., Cannon, K., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chalermsongsak, T., Chalkley, E., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chelkowski, S., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, C. T. Y., Clark, D., Clark, J., Clayton, J. H., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Colacino, C. N., Colas, J., Colla, A., Colombini, M., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coulon, J. -P., Coward, D. M., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Culter, R. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dahl, K., Danilishin, S. L., Dannenberg, R., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Das, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Davier, M., Davies, G., Davis, A., Daw, E. J., Day, R., Dayanga, T., De Rosa, R., DeBra, D., Degallaix, J., del Prete, M., Dergachev, V., DeRosa, R., DeSalvo, R., Devanka, P., Dhurandhar, S., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Emilio, M. Di Paolo, Di Virgilio, A., Díaz, M., Dietz, A., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doomes, E. E., Dorsher, S., Douglas, E. S. D., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Dueck, J., Dumas, J. -C., Eberle, T., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Engel, R., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Fan, Y., Farr, B. F., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L. S., Fiori, I., Flaminio, R., Flanigan, M., Flasch, K., Foley, S., Forrest, C., Forsi, E., Fotopoulos, N., Fournier, J. -D., Franc, J., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Galimberti, M., Gammaitoni, L., Garofoli, J. A., Garufi, F., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Gholami, I., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, C., Goetz, E., Goggin, L. M., González, G., Gorodetsky, M. L., Goßler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Greverie, C., Grosso, R., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hage, B., Hall, P., Hallam, J. M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Hayau, J. -F., Hayler, T., Heefner, J., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hirose, E., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Hoyland, D., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh--Dinh, T., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Jaranowski, P., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, G., Jones, R., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kanner, J. B., Katsavounidis, E., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kells, W., Keppel, D. G., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, H., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kondrashov, V., Kopparapu, R., Koranda, S., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D., Krause, T., Kringel, V., Krishnamurthy, S., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Kuehn, G., Kullman, J., Kumar, R., Kwee, P., Landry, M., Lang, M., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Leong, J., Leonor, I., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Li, J., Li, T. G. F., Liguori, N., Lin, H., Lindquist, P. E., Lockerbie, N. A., Lodhia, D., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lu, P., Luan, J., Lubinski, M., Lucianetti, A., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. D., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Mak, C., Maksimovic, I., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McIvor, G., McKechan, D. J. A., Meadors, G., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A. C., Mendell, G., Menéndez, D. F., Mercer, R. A., Merill, L., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Miao, H., Michel, C., Milano, L., Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mino, Y., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Mohan, M., Mohanty, S. D., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moraru, D., Moreau, J., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morgia, A., Morioka, T., Mors, K., Mosca, S., Moscatelli, V., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow--Lowry, C. M., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Müller-Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murray, P. G., Nash, T., Nawrodt, R., Nelson, J., Neri, I., Newton, G., Nishizawa, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Ochsner, E., O'Dell, J., Ogin, G. H., Oldenburg, R. G., O'Reilly, B., O'Shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Page, A., Pagliaroli, G., Palladino, L., Palomba, C., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Papa, M. A., Pardi, S., Pareja, M., Parisi, M., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patel, P., Pathak, D., Pedraza, M., Pekowsky, L., Penn, S., Peralta, C., Perreca, A., Persichetti, G., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pietka, M., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H. J., Plissi, M. V., Poggiani, R., Postiglione, F., Prato, M., Predoi, V., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Prix, R., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Radke, T., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Rakhmanov, M., Rankins, B., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Re, V., Reed, C. M., Reed, T., Regimbau, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ricci, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Roberts, P., Robertson, N. A., Robinet, F., Robinson, C., Robinson, E. L., Rocchi, A., Roddy, S., Röver, C., Rolland, L., Rollins, J., Romano, J. D., Romano, R., Romie, J. H., Rosińska, D., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sakata, S., Sakosky, M., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., de la Jordana, L. Sancho, Sandberg, V., Sannibale, V., Santamaría, L., Santostasi, G., Saraf, S., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sato, S., Satterthwaite, M., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schulz, B., Schutz, B. F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Searle, A. C., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sibley, A., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Singer, A., Sintes, A. M., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, M. R., Smith, N. D., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Speirits, F. C., Sperandio, L., Stein, A. J., Stein, L. C., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A. S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B., Szokoly, G. P., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, J. R., Taylor, R., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Thüring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K. V., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Torre, O., Torres, C., Torrie, C. I., Tournefier, E., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trias, M., Trummer, J., Tseng, K., Turner, L., Ugolini, D., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vaishnav, B., Vajente, G., Vallisneri, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, van der Putten, S., van der Sluys, M. V., van Veggel, A. A., Vass, S., Vaulin, R., Vavoulidis, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Veltkamp, C., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Villar, A. E., Vinet, J. -Y., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyachanin, S. P., Waldman, S. J., Wallace, L., Wanner, A., Ward, R. L., Was, M., Wei, P., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wen, S., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., White, D., Whiting, B. F., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P. A., Williams, L., Willke, B., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wiseman, A. G., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yeaton-Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yu, P., Yvert, M., Zanolin, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M. E., and Zweizig, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The gravitational-wave (GW) sky may include nearby pointlike sources as well as astrophysical and cosmological stochastic backgrounds. Since the relative strength and angular distribution of the many possible sources of GWs are not well constrained, searches for GW signals must be performed in a model-independent way. To that end we perform two directional searches for persistent GWs using data from the LIGO S5 science run: one optimized for pointlike sources and one for arbitrary extended sources. The latter result is the first of its kind. Finding no evidence to support the detection of GWs, we present 90% confidence level (CL) upper-limit maps of GW strain power with typical values between 2-20x10^-50 strain^2 Hz^-1 and 5-35x10^-49 strain^2 Hz^-1 sr^-1 for pointlike and extended sources respectively. The limits on pointlike sources constitute a factor of 30 improvement over the previous best limits. We also set 90% CL limits on the narrow-band root-mean-square GW strain from interesting targets including Sco X-1, SN1987A and the Galactic Center as low as ~7x10^-25 in the most sensitive frequency range near 160 Hz. These limits are the most constraining to date and constitute a factor of 5 improvement over the previous best limits., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures

Published
2011
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13. Beating the spin-down limit on gravitational wave emission from the Vela pulsar

Author

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adams, C., Adhikari, R., Affeldt, C., Allen, B., Allen, G. S., Ceron, E. Amador, Amariutei, D., Amin, R. S., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Antonucci, F., Arai, K., Arain, M. A., Araya, M. C., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Atkinson, D., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S., Barker, D., Barnum, S., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barriga, P., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Basti, A., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, Th. S., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Beker, M. G., Bell, A. S., Belletoile, A., Belopolski, I., Benacquista, M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birindelli, S., Biswas, R., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Blom, M., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bogan, C., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bosi, L., Bouhou, B., Boyle, M., Braccini, S., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Bridges, D. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brummit, A., Budzyński, R., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burguet--Castell, J., Burmeister, O., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cain, J., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Campagna, E., Campsie, P., Cannizzo, J., Cannon, K., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, O., Chalermsongsak, T., Chalkley, E., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chelkowski, S., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, C. T. Y., Chung, S., Clara, F., Clark, D., Clark, J., Clayton, J. H., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Colacino, C. N., Colas, J., Colla, A., Colombini, M., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M., Coulon, J. -P., Coward, D. M., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Culter, R. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dahl, K., Danilishin, S. L., Dannenberg, R., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Das, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Daveloza, H., Davier, M., Davies, G., Daw, E. J., Day, R., Dayanga, T., De Rosa, R., DeBra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., del Prete, M., Dent, T., Dergachev, V., DeRosa, R., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Emilio, M. Di Paolo, Di Virgilio, A., Díaz, M., Dietz, A., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Dorsher, S., Douglas, E. S. D., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Dumas, J. -C., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Engel, R., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Fan, Y., Farr, B. F., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L. S., Fiori, I., Flaminio, R., Flanigan, M., Foley, S., Forsi, E., Forte, L. A., Fotopoulos, N., Fournier, J. -D., Franc, J., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Galimberti, M., Gammaitoni, L., Garcia, J., Garofoli, J. A., Garufi, F., Gáspár, M. E., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, C., Goetz, E., Goggin, L. M., González, G., Gorodetsky, M. L., Goßler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Greverie, C., Grosso, R., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guido, C., Gupta, R., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hage, B., Hallam, J. M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Hartman, M. T., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Hayau, J. -F., Hayler, T., Heefner, J., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hendry, M. A., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Herrera, V., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Hong, T., Hooper, S., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Jaranowski, P., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, G., Jones, R., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kanner, J. B., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kells, W., Kelner, M., Keppel, D. G., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, H., Kim, N., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kondrashov, V., Kopparapu, R., Koranda, S., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D., Kringel, V., Krishnamurthy, S., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, R., Kwee, P., Landry, M., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Leong, J., Leonor, I., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Li, J., Li, T. G. F., Liguori, N., Lindquist, P. E., Lockerbie, N. A., Lodhia, D., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lu, P., Luan, J., Lubinski, M., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. P., Macdonald, E., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mantovani, M., Marandi, A., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McKechan, D. J. A., Meadors, G., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A. C., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Merill, L., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Miao, H., Michel, C., Milano, L., Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mino, Y., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Moe, B., Moesta, P., Mohan, M., Mohanty, S. D., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morgia, A., Mosca, S., Moscatelli, V., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow--Lowry, C. M., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Müller-Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murray, P. G., Nash, T., Nawrodt, R., Nelson, J., Neri, I., Newton, G., Nishida, E., Nishizawa, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Ochsner, E., O'Dell, J., Ogin, G. H., Oldenburg, R. G., O'Reilly, B., O'Shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ott, C. D., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Page, A., Pagliaroli, G., Palladino, L., Palomba, C., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Papa, M. A., Parameswaran, A., Pardi, S., Parisi, M., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patel, P., Pathak, D., Pedraza, M., Pekowsky, L., Penn, S., Peralta, C., Perreca, A., Persichetti, G., Phelps, M., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pietka, M., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H. J., Plissi, M. V., Podkaminer, J., Poggiani, R., Pöld, J., Postiglione, F., Prato, M., Predoi, V., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Rácz, I., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Rakhmanov, M., Ramet, C. R., Rankins, B., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Re, V., Redwine, K., Reed, C. M., Reed, T., Regimbau, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ricci, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Roberts, P., Robertson, N. A., Robinet, F., Robinson, C., Robinson, E. L., Rocchi, A., Roddy, S., Rolland, L., Rollins, J., Romano, J. D., Romano, R., Romie, J. H., Rosińska, D., Röver, C., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sakata, S., Sakosky, M., Salemi, F., Salit, M., Sammut, L., de la Jordana, L. Sancho, Sandberg, V., Sannibale, V., Santamaría, L., Santiago-Prieto, I., Santostasi, G., Saraf, S., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sato, S., Satterthwaite, M., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schlamminger, S., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schulz, B., Schutz, B. F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Searle, A. C., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Weerathunga, T. Shihan, Shoemaker, D. H., Sibley, A., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Singer, A., Singer, L., Sintes, A. M., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, M. R., Smith, N. D., Smith, R., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Soto, J., Speirits, F. C., Sperandio, L., Stefszky, M., Stein, A. J., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A. S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B., Szokoly, G. P., Tacca, M., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, J. R., Taylor, R., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Thüring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K. V., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Torre, O., Torres, C., Torrie, C. I., Tournefier, E., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trias, M., Tseng, K., Turner, L., Ugolini, D., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vaishnav, B., Vajente, G., Vallisneri, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, van der Putten, S., van der Sluys, M. V., van Veggel, A. A., Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Vaulin, R., Vavoulidis, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Veltkamp, C., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Villar, A. E., Vinet, J. -Y., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyachanin, S. P., Waldman, S. J., Wallace, L., Wanner, A., Ward, R. L., Was, M., Wei, P., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wen, S., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., White, D., Whiting, B. F., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P. A., Williams, H. R., Williams, L., Willke, B., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wiseman, A. G., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yang, H., Yeaton-Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yu, P., Yvert, M., Zanolin, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Buchner, S., Hotan, A., and Palfreyman, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

We present direct upper limits on continuous gravitational wave emission from the Vela pulsar using data from the Virgo detector's second science run. These upper limits have been obtained using three independent methods that assume the gravitational wave emission follows the radio timing. Two of the methods produce frequentist upper limits for an assumed known orientation of the star's spin axis and value of the wave polarization angle of, respectively, $1.9\ee{-24}$ and $2.2\ee{-24}$, with 95% confidence. The third method, under the same hypothesis, produces a Bayesian upper limit of $2.1\ee{-24}$, with 95% degree of belief. These limits are below the indirect {\it spin-down limit} of $3.3\ee{-24}$ for the Vela pulsar, defined by the energy loss rate inferred from observed decrease in Vela's spin frequency, and correspond to a limit on the star ellipticity of $\sim 10^{-3}$. Slightly less stringent results, but still well below the spin-down limit, are obtained assuming the star's spin axis inclination and the wave polarization angles are unknown., Comment: 37 pages, 6 figures corrected typo in the Authors field

Published
2011
Full Text
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14. Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger and ringdown

Author

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adams, C., Adhikari, R., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G. S., Ceron, E. Amador, Amin, R. S., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Antonucci, F., Arain, M. A., Araya, M. C., Aronsson, M., Aso, Y., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Atkinson, D., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballardin, G., Ballinger, T., Ballmer, S., Barker, D., Barnum, S., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barriga, P., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauer, Th. S., Behnke, B., Beker, M. G., Belletoile, A., Benacquista, M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birindelli, S., Biswas, R., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Blom, M., Boccara, C., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bosi, L., Bouhou, B., Boyle, M., Braccini, S., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Bridges, D. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Budzyński, R., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burguet-Castell, J., Burmeister, O., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cain, J., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Campagna, E., Campsie, P., Cannizzo, J., Cannon, K., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavaglia`, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, O., Chalermsongsak, T., Chalkley, E., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chelkowski, S., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, C. T. Y., Clark, D., Clark, J., Clayton, J. H., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Colacino, C. N., Colas, J., Colla, A., Colombini, M., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coulon, J. -P., Coward, D. M., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Culter, R. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dahl, K., Danilishin, S. L., Dannenberg, R., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Das, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Davier, M., Davies, G., Davis, A., Daw, E. J., Day, R., Dayanga, T., De Rosa, R., DeBra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., del Prete, M., Dergachev, V., DeRosa, R., DeSalvo, R., Devanka, P., Dhurandhar, S., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Emilio, M. Di Paolo, Di Virgilio, A., Díaz, M., Dietz, A., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doomes, E. E., Dorsher, S., Douglas, E. S. D., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Dueck, J., Dumas, J. -C., Eberle, T., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Ely, G., Engel, R., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Fan, Y., Farr, B. F., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L. S., Fiori, I., Flaminio, R., Flanigan, M., Flasch, K., Foley, S., Forrest, C., Forsi, E., Forte, L. A., Fotopoulos, N., Fournier, J. -D., Franc, J., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Galimberti, M., Gammaitoni, L., Garofoli, J. A., Garufi, F., Gáspár, M. E., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Gholami, I., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, C., Goetz, E., Goggin, L. M., González, G., Gorodetsky, M. L., Goßler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Greverie, C., Grosso, R., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hage, B., Hall, P., Hallam, J. M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Hayau, J. -F., Hayler, T., Heefner, J., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hirose, E., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Hoyland, D., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh-Dinh, T., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Jaranowski, P., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, G., Jones, R., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kanner, J. B., Katsavounidis, E., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kells, W., Keppel, D. G., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, H., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kondrashov, V., Kopparapu, R., Koranda, S., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D., Krause, T., Kringel, V., Krishnamurthy, S., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Kuehn, G., Kullman, J., Kumar, R., Kwee, P., Landry, M., Lang, M., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Leong, J., Leonor, I., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Li, J., Li, T. G. F., Liguori, N., Lin, H., Lindquist, P. E., Lockerbie, N. A., Lodhia, D., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lu, P., Luan, J., Lubinski, M., Lucianetti, A., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. D., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Mak, C., Maksimovic, I., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McIvor, G., McKechan, D. J. A., Meadors, G., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A. C., Mendell, G., Menéndez, D. F., Mercer, R. A., Merill, L., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Miao, H., Michel, C., Milano, L., Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mino, Y., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Mohan, M., Mohanty, S. D., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moraru, D., Moreau, J., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morgia, A., Morioka, T., Mors, K., Mosca, S., Moscatelli, V., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Müller-Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murray, P. G., Nash, T., Nawrodt, R., Nelson, J., Neri, I., Newton, G., Nishizawa, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Ochsner, E., O'Dell, J., Ogin, G. H., Oldenburg, R. G., O'Reilly, B., O'Shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Page, A., Pagliaroli, G., Palladino, L., Palomba, C., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Papa, M. A., Pardi, S., Pareja, M., Parisi, M., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patel, P., Pathak, D., Pedraza, M., Pekowsky, L., Penn, S., Peralta, C., Perreca, A., Persichetti, G., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pietka, M., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H. J., Plissi, M. V., Poggiani, R., Postiglione, F., Prato, M., Predoi, V., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Prix, R., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Rácz, I., Radke, T., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Rakhmanov, M., Rankins, B., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Re, V., Reed, C. M., Reed, T., Regimbau, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ricci, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Roberts, P., Robertson, N. A., Robinet, F., Robinson, C., Robinson, E. L., Rocchi, A., Roddy, S., Rolland, L., Rollins, J., Romano, J. D., Romano, R., Romie, J. H., Rosińska, D., Röver, C., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sakata, S., Sakosky, M., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., de la Jordana, L. Sancho, Sandberg, V., Sannibale, V., Santamaría, L., Santostasi, G., Saraf, S., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sato, S., Satterthwaite, M., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schulz, B., Schutz, B. F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Searle, A. C., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sibley, A., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Singer, A., Sintes, A. M., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, M. R., Smith, N. D., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Speirits, F. C., Sperandio, L., Stein, A. J., Stein, L. C., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A. S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B., Szokoly, G. P., Tacca, M., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, J. R., Taylor, R., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Thüring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K. V., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Torre, O., Torres, C., Torrie, C. I., Tournefier, E., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trias, M., Tseng, K., Turner, L., Ugolini, D., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vaishnav, B., Vajente, G., Vallisneri, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, van der Putten, S., van der Sluys, M. V., van Veggel, A. A., Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Vaulin, R., Vavoulidis, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Veltkamp, C., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Villar, A. E., Vinet, J. -Y., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyachanin, S. P., Waldman, S. J., Wallace, L., Wanner, A., Ward, R. L., Was, M., Wei, P., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wen, S., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., White, D., Whiting, B. F., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P. A., Williams, L., Willke, B., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wiseman, A. G., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yeaton-Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yu, P., Yvert, M., Zanolin, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M. E., and Zweizig, J.

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

We present the first modeled search for gravitational waves using the complete binary black hole gravitational waveform from inspiral through the merger and ringdown for binaries with negligible component spin. We searched approximately 2 years of LIGO data taken between November 2005 and September 2007 for systems with component masses of 1-99 solar masses and total masses of 25-100 solar masses. We did not detect any plausible gravitational-wave signals but we do place upper limits on the merger rate of binary black holes as a function of the component masses in this range. We constrain the rate of mergers for binary black hole systems with component masses between 19 and 28 solar masses and negligible spin to be no more than 2.0 per Mpc^3 per Myr at 90% confidence., Comment: 19 pages, 3 figures

Published
2011
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15. Search for Gravitational Wave Bursts from Six Magnetars

Author

Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acerneseac, F., Adams, C., Adhikari, R., Affeldt, C., Allen, B., Allen, G. S., Ceron, E. Amador, Amariutei, D., Amin, R. S., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Antonuccia, F., Arai, K., Arain, M. A., Araya, M. C., Aston, S. M., Astonea, P., Atkinson, D., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S., Barker, D., Barnum, S., Baroneac, F., Barr, B., Barriga, P., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Bastiab, A., Bauchrowitz, J., Bauera, Th. S., Behnke, B., Bekera, M. G., Bell, A. S., Belletoile, A., Belopolski, I., Benacquista, M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birindellia, S., Biswas, R., Bitossia, M., Bizouarda, M. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Bloma, M., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bogan, C., Bondarescu, R., Bondub, F., Bonelliab, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschia, V., Bose, S., Bosia, L., Bouhou, B., Boyle, M., Braccinia, S., Bradaschiaa, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Bridges, D. O., Brilleta, A., Brinkmann, M., Brissona, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brummit, A., Budzyńskib, R., Bulikbc, T., Bultenab, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burguet--Castell, J., Burmeister, O., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnolia, G., Cain, J., Calloniab, E., Camp, J. B., Campagnaab, E., Campsie, P., Cannizzo, J., Cannon, K., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavaliera, F., Cavalieri, R., Cellaa, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarinib, E., Chaibia, O., Chalermsongsak, T., Chalkley, E., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chelkowski, S., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, C. T. Y., Chung, S., Clara, F., Clark, D., Clark, J., Clayton, J. H., Clevaa, F., Cocciaab, E., Colacinoab, C. N., Colas, J., Collaab, A., Colombinib, M., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsia, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M., Coulona, J. -P., Coward, D. M., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Culter, R. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dahl, K., Danilishin, S. L., Dannenberg, R., D'Antonioa, S., Danzmann, K., Das, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Daveloza, H., Daviera, M., Davies, G., Daw, E. J., Day, R., Dayanga, T., De Rosaab, R., DeBra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., del Preteac, M., Dent, T., Dergachev, V., DeRosa, R., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Di Fiorea, L., Di Lietoab, A., Di Palma, I., Emilioac, M. Di Paolo, Di Virgilioa, A., Díaz, M., Dietz, A., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Dorsher, S., Douglas, E. S. D., Dragocd, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Dumas, J. -C., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Engel, R., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fafoneab, V., Fairhurst, S., Fan, Y., Farr, B. F., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Ferranteab, I., Fidecaroab, F., Finn, L. S., Fiori, I., Flaminio, R., Flanigan, M., Foley, S., Forsi, E., Fortea, L. A., Fotopoulos, N., Fourniera, J. -D., Franc, J., Frascaab, S., Frasconia, F., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Galimberti, M., Gammaitoniab, L., Garcia, J., Garofoli, J. A., Garufiab, F., Gáspár, M. E., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennaia, A., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. D., Giazottoa, A., Gill, C., Goetz, E., Goggin, L. M., González, G., Gorodetsky, M. L., Goßler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Greveriea, C., Grosso, R., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guidiab, G. M., Guido, C., Gupta, R., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hage, B., Hallam, J. M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Hartman, M. T., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Hayaub, J. -F., Hayler, T., Heefner, J., Heitmann, H., Helloa, P., Hendry, M. A., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Herrera, V., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Hong, T., Hooper, S., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Jaranowskid, P., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, G., Jones, R., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kanner, J. B., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kells, W., Kelner, M., Keppel, D. G., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, H., Kim, N., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kondrashov, V., Kopparapu, R., Koranda, S., Korth, W. Z., Kowalskab, I., Kozak, D., Kringel, V., Krishnamurthy, S., Krishnan, B., Królakae, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, R., Kwee, P., Landry, M., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Leong, J., Leonor, I., Leroya, N., Letendre, N., Li, J., Lia, T. G. F., Liguoriab, N., Lindquist, P. E., Lockerbie, N. A., Lodhia, D., Lorenzinia, M., Lorietteb, V., Lormand, M., Losurdoa, G., Lu, P., Luan, J., Lubinski, M., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. P., Macdonald, E., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majoranaa, E., Maksimovicb, I., Mana, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mantovaniac, M., Marandi, A., Marchesonia, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelliab, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McKechan, D. J. A., Meadors, G., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A. C., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Merill, L., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Miao, H., Michel, C., Milanoab, L., Miller, J., Minenkova, Y., Mino, Y., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Moe, B., Moesta, P., Mohan, M., Mohanty, S. D., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morgiaab, A., Moscaab, S., Moscatellia, V., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow--Lowry, C. M., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Müller-Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murray, P. G., Nash, T., Nawrodt, R., Nelson, J., Neriab, I., Newton, G., Nishida, E., Nishizawa, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Ochsner, E., O'Dell, J., Ogin, G. H., Oldenburg, R. G., O'Reilly, B., O'Shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ott, C. D., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Page, A., Pagliaroliac, G., Palladinoac, L., Palombaa, C., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paolettia, F., Papa, M. A., Parameswaran, A., Pardiab, S., Parisiab, M., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquietiab, R., Passuelloa, D., Patel, P., Pathak, D., Pedraza, M., Pekowsky, L., Penn, S., Peralta, C., Perreca, A., Persichettiab, G., Phelps, M., Pichota, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanniab, F., Pietkad, M., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H. J., Plissi, M. V., Podkaminer, J., Poggianiab, R., Pöld, J., Postiglione, F., Prato, M., Predoi, V., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prodiab, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturoa, M., Puppoa, P., Quetschke, V., Raab, F. J., Rabelingab, D. S., Rácz, I., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Rakhmanov, M., Ramet, C. R., Rankins, B., Rapagnaniab, P., Raymond, V., Reab, V., Redwine, K., Reed, C. M., Reed, T., Regimbaua, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ricciab, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Roberts, P., Robertson, N. A., Robineta, F., Robinson, C., Robinson, E. L., Rocchia, A., Roddy, S., Rolland, L., Rollins, J., Romano, J. D., Romanoac, R., Romie, J. H., Rosińskacf, D., Röver, C., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sakata, S., Sakosky, M., Salemi, F., Salit, M., Sammut, L., de la Jordana, L. Sancho, Sandberg, V., Sannibale, V., Santamaría, L., Santiago-Prieto, I., Santostasi, G., Saraf, S., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sato, S., Satterthwaite, M., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schlamminger, S., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schulz, B., Schutz, B. F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Searle, A. C., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Weerathunga, T. Shihan, Shoemaker, D. H., Sibley, A., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Singer, A., Singer, L., Sintes, A. M., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, M. R., Smith, N. D., Smith, R., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Soto, J., Speirits, F. C., Sperandioab, L., Stefszky, M., Stein, A. J., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A. S., Sturaniab, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B., Szokoly, G. P., Tacca, M., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, J. R., Taylor, R., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Thüring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K. V., Toncelliab, A., Tonelliab, M., Torreac, O., Torres, C., Torrie, C. I., Tournefier, E., Travassoab, F., Traylor, G., Trias, M., Tseng, K., Turner, L., Ugolini, D., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vaishnav, B., Vajenteab, G., Vallisneri, M., Brandab, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, van der Puttena, S., van der Sluys, M. V., van Veggel, A. A., Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Vaulin, R., Vavoulidisa, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovatoc, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Veltkamp, C., Verkindt, D., Vetranoab, F., Viceréab, A., Villar, A. E., Vineta, J. -Y., Voccaa, H., Vorvick, C., Vyachanin, S. P., Waldman, S. J., Wallace, L., Wanner, A., Ward, R. L., Wasa, M., Wei, P., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wen, S., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., White, D., Whiting, B. F., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P. A., Williams, H. R., Williams, L., Willke, B., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wiseman, A. G., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yang, H., Yeaton-Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yu, P., Yvert, M., Zanolin, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Aptekar, R. L., Boynton, W. V., Briggs, M. S., Cline, T. L., Connaughton, V., Frederiks, D. D., Gehrels, N., Goldsten, J. O, Golovin, D., van der Horst, A. J., Hurley, K. C., Kaneko, Y., von Kienlin, A., Kouveliotou, C., Krimm, H. A., Lin, L., Mitrofanov, I., Ohno, M., Palshin, V. D., Rau, A., Sanin, A., Tashiro, M. S., Terada, Y., and Yamaoka, K.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

Soft gamma repeaters (SGRs) and anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) are thought to be magnetars: neutron stars powered by extreme magnetic fields. These rare objects are characterized by repeated and sometimes spectacular gamma-ray bursts. The burst mechanism might involve crustal fractures and excitation of non-radial modes which would emit gravitational waves (GWs). We present the results of a search for GW bursts from six galactic magnetars that is sensitive to neutron star f-modes, thought to be the most efficient GW emitting oscillatory modes in compact stars. One of them, SGR 0501+4516, is likely ~1 kpc from Earth, an order of magnitude closer than magnetars targeted in previous GW searches. A second, AXP 1E 1547.0-5408, gave a burst with an estimated isotropic energy >10^{44} erg which is comparable to the giant flares. We find no evidence of GWs associated with a sample of 1279 electromagnetic triggers from six magnetars occurring between November 2006 and June 2009, in GW data from the LIGO, Virgo, and GEO600 detectors. Our lowest model-dependent GW emission energy upper limits for band- and time-limited white noise bursts in the detector sensitive band, and for f-mode ringdowns (at 1090 Hz), are 3.0x10^{44} d_1^2 erg and 1.4x10^{47} d_1^2 erg respectively, where d_1 = d_{0501} / 1 kpc and d_{0501} is the distance to SGR 0501+4516. These limits on GW emission from f-modes are an order of magnitude lower than any previous, and approach the range of electromagnetic energies seen in SGR giant flares for the first time., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures; v2 minor clarifications and new references

Published
2010
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16. A search for gravitational waves associated with the August 2006 timing glitch of the Vela pulsar

Author

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Adhikari, R., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G., Ceron, E. Amador, Amin, R. S., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arain, M. A., Araya, M., Aso, Y., Aston, S., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballmer, S., Barker, D., Barr, B., Barriga, P., Barsotti, L., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Behnke, B., Benacquista, M., Bennett, M. F., Betzwieser, J., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Biswas, R., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bondarescu, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Bose, S., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Bridges, D. O., Brinkmann, M., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Buchner, S., Bullington, A., Buonanno, A., Burmeister, O., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cain, J., Camp, J. B., Cannizzo, J., Cannon, K. C., Cao, J., Capano, C., Cardenas, L., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cepeda, C., Chalermsongsak, T., Chalkley, E., Charlton, P., Chatterji, S., Chelkowski, S., Chen, Y., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, C. T. Y., Clark, D., Clark, J., Clayton, J. H., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R. C., Cornish, N., Coward, D., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Culter, R. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Dahl, K., Danilishin, S. L., Danzmann, K., Daudert, B., Davies, G., Daw, E. J., Dayanga, T., DeBra, D., Degallaix, J., Dergachev, V., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Díaz, M., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doomes, E. E., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J., Dueck, J., Duke, I., Dumas, J. -C., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T., Fairhurst, S., Faltas, Y., Fan, Y., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Finn, L. S., Flasch, K., Foley, S., Forrest, C., Fotopoulos, N., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Garofoli, J. A., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. D., Goetz, E., Goggin, L. M., González, G., Goßler, S., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Grosso, R., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hage, B., Hallam, J. M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G. D., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Hayler, T., Heefner, J., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hirose, E., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Howell, E., Hoyland, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Ingram, D. R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, G., Jones, R., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kanner, J., Katsavounidis, E., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kells, W., Keppel, D. G., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, R., Khazanov, E., Kim, H., King, P. J., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Kopparapu, R., Koranda, S., Kozak, D., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Kuehn, G., Kullman, J., Kumar, R., Kwee, P., Lam, P. K., Landry, M., Lang, M., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Lei, M., Leindecker, N., Leonor, I., Lin, H., Lindquist, P. E., Littenberg, T. B., Lockerbie, N. A., Lodhia, D., Lormand, M., Lu, P., Lubinski, M., Lucianetti, A., Lück, H., Lundgren, A., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Mak, C., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A., Markowitz, J., Maros, E., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McKechan, D. J. A., Mehmet, M., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A. C., Mendell, G., Menéndez, D. F., Mercer, R. A., Merrill, L., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Miao, H., Miller, J., Mino, Y., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Moe, B., Mohanty, S. D., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moreno, G., Mors, K., Mossavi, K., MowLowry, C., Mueller, G., Müller-Ebhardt, H., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Murray, P. G., Nash, T., Nawrodt, R., Nelson, J., Newton, G., Nishida, E., Nishizawa, A., O'Dell, J., O'Reilly, B., O'Shaughnessy, R., Ochsner, E., Ogin, G. H., Oldenburg, R., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Page, A., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Papa, M. A., Patel, P., Pathak, D., Pedraza, M., Pekowsky, L., Penn, S., Peralta, C., Perreca, A., Pickenpack, M., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H. J., Plissi, M. V., Postiglione, F., Principe, M., Prix, R., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Quetschke, V., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Raics, Z., Rakhmanov, M., Raymond, V., Reed, C. M., Reed, T., Rehbein, H., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Roberts, P., Robertson, N. A., Robinson, C., Robinson, E. L., Roddy, S., Röver, C., Rollins, J., Romano, J. D., Romie, J. H., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ryan, K., Sakata, S., Sammut, L., de la Jordana, L. Sancho, Sandberg, V., Sannibale, V., Santamaría, L., Santostasi, G., Saraf, S., Sarin, P., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sato, S., Satterthwaite, M., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R., Schulz, B., Schutz, B. F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Searle, A. C., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sergeev, A., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sibley, A., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Sintes, A. M., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, M. R., Smith, N. D., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Speirits, F., Stein, A. J., Stein, L. C., Steplewski, S., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Szokoly, G. P., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, J. R., Taylor, R., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thüring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K. V., Torres, C., Torrie, C. I., Traylor, G., Trias, M., Turner, L., Ugolini, D., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vallisneri, M., Broeck, C. Van Den, van der Sluys, M. V., van Veggel, A. A., Vass, S., Vaulin, R., Vecchio, A., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Veltkamp, C., Villar, A., Vorvick, C., Vyachanin, S. P., Waldman, S. J., Wallace, L., Wanner, A., Ward, R. L., Wei, P., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wen, S., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., Whiting, B. F., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P. A., Williams, H. R., Williams, L., Willke, B., Wilmut, I., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wiseman, A. G., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yeaton-Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Zanolin, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M. E., and Zweizig, J.

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

The physical mechanisms responsible for pulsar timing glitches are thought to excite quasi-normal mode oscillations in their parent neutron star that couple to gravitational wave emission. In August 2006, a timing glitch was observed in the radio emission of PSR B0833-45, the Vela pulsar. At the time of the glitch, the two co-located Hanford gravitational wave detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave observatory (LIGO) were operational and taking data as part of the fifth LIGO science run (S5). We present the first direct search for the gravitational wave emission associated with oscillations of the fundamental quadrupole mode excited by a pulsar timing glitch. No gravitational wave detection candidate was found. We place Bayesian 90% confidence upper limits of 6.3e-21 to 1.4e-20 on the peak intrinsic strain amplitude of gravitational wave ring-down signals, depending on which spherical harmonic mode is excited. The corresponding range of energy upper limits is 5.0e44 to 1.3e45 erg., Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures

Published
2010
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17. Methods for Reducing False Alarms in Searches for Compact Binary Coalescences in LIGO Data

Author

Slutsky, J., Blackburn, L., Brown, D. A., Cadonati, L., Cain, J., Cavaglià, M., Chatterji, S., Christensen, N., Coughlin, M., Desai, S., González, G., Isogai, T., Katsavounidis, E., Rankins, B., Reed, T., Riles, K., Shawhan, P., Smith, J. R., Zotov, N., and Zweizig, J.

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

The LIGO detectors are sensitive to a variety of noise transients of non-astrophysical origin. Instrumental glitches and environmental disturbances increase the false alarm rate in the searches for gravitational waves. Using times already identified when the interferometers produced data of questionable quality, or when the channels that monitor the interferometer indicated non-stationarity, we have developed techniques to safely and effectively veto false triggers from the compact binary coalescences (CBCs) search pipeline.

Published
2010
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18. Search for gravitational-wave inspiral signals associated with short Gamma-Ray Bursts during LIGO's fifth and Virgo's first science run

Author

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adhikari, R., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G., Ceron, E. Amador, Amin, R. S., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Antonucci, F., Aoudia, S., Arain, M. A., Araya, M., Arun, K. G., Aso, Y., Aston, S., Astone, P., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barriga, P., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Bauer, Th. S., Behnke, B., Beker, M. G., Belletoile, A., Benacquista, M., Betzwieser, J., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bigotta, S., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birindelli, S., Biswas, R., Bizouard, M. A., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Blom, M., Boccara, C., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Bose, S., Bosi, L., Braccini, S., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Bridges, D. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Budzyński, R., Bulik, T., Bullington, A., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burguet-Castell, J., Burmeister, O., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cain, J., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Campagna, E., Cannizzo, J., Cannon, K. C., Canuel, B., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Carbognani, F., Cardenas, L., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chalermsongsak, T., Chalkley, E., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterji, S., Chelkowski, S., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, C. T. Y., Clark, D., Clark, J., Clayton, J. H., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Colacino, C. N., Colas, J., Colla, A., Colombini, M., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R. C., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Coulon, J. -P., Coward, D., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Culter, R. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dahl, K., Danilishin, S. L., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dattilo, V., Daudert, B., Davier, M., Davies, G., Daw, E. J., Day, R., Dayanga, T., De Rosa, R., DeBra, D., Degallaix, J., del Prete, M., Dergachev, V., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Emilio, M. Di Paolo, Di Virgilio, A., Díaz, M., Dietz, A., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doomes, E. E., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J., Dueck, J., Duke, I., Dumas, J. -C., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Faltas, Y., Fan, Y., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Ferrante, I., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L. S., Fiori, I., Flaminio, R., Flasch, K., Foley, S., Forrest, C., Fotopoulos, N., Fournier, J. -D., Franc, J., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Galimberti, M., Gammaitoni, L., Garofoli, J. A., Garufi, F., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Goetz, E., Goggin, L. M., González, G., Goßler, S., Gouaty, R., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Greverie, C., Grosso, R., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hage, B., Hallam, J. M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G. D., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Hayler, T., Heefner, J., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hirose, E., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Howell, E., Hoyland, D., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Ingram, D. R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Jaranowski, P., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, G., Jones, R., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kanner, J., Katsavounidis, E., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kells, W., Keppel, D. G., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, R., Khazanov, E., Kim, H., King, P. J., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Kopparapu, R., Koranda, S., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Kuehn, G., Kullman, J., Kumar, R., Kwee, P., Lam, P. K., Landry, M., Lang, M., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Lei, M., Leindecker, N., Leonor, I., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Li, T. G. F., Lin, H., Lindquist, P. E., Littenberg, T. B., Lockerbie, N. A., Lodhia, D., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lu, P., Lubinski, M., Lucianetti, A., Lück, H., Lundgren, A., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Mak, C., Maksimovic, I., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A., Markowitz, J., Maros, E., Marque, J., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McKechan, D. J. A., Mehmet, M., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A. C., Mendell, G., Menéndez, D. F., Mercer, R. A., Merill, L., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Miao, H., Michel, C., Milano, L., Miller, J., Minenkov, Y., Mino, Y., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Moe, B., Mohan, M., Mohanty, S. D., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moreau, J., Moreno, G., Morgado, N., Morgia, A., Mors, K., Mosca, S., Moscatelli, V., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., MowLowry, C., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Müller-Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murray, P. G., Nash, T., Nawrodt, R., Nelson, J., Neri, I., Newton, G., Nishida, E., Nishizawa, A., Nocera, F., Ochsner, E., O'Dell, J., Ogin, G. H., Oldenburg, R., O'Reilly, B., O'Shaughnessy, R., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Page, A., Pagliaroli, G., Palomba, C., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Paoletti, F., Papa, M. A., Pardi, S., Parisi, M., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patel, P., Pathak, D., Pedraza, M., Pekowsky, L., Penn, S., Peralta, C., Perreca, A., Persichetti, G., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pietka, M., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H. J., Plissi, M. V., Poggiani, R., Postiglione, F., Prato, M., Predoi, V., Principe, M., Prix, R., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Raics, Z., Rakhmanov, M., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Re, V., Reed, C. M., Reed, T., Regimbau, T., Rehbein, H., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ricci, F., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Roberts, P., Robertson, N. A., Robinet, F., Robinson, C., Robinson, E. L., Rocchi, A., Roddy, S., Röver, C., Rolland, L., Rollins, J., Romano, J. D., Romano, R., Romie, J. H., Rosińska, D., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sakata, S., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., de la Jordana, L. Sancho, Sandberg, V., Sannibale, V., Santamaría, L., Santostasi, G., Saraf, S., Sarin, P., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sato, S., Satterthwaite, M., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R., Schulz, B., Schutz, B. F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Searle, A. C., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Sergeev, A., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sibley, A., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Sintes, A. M., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, M. R., Smith, N. D., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Stein, A. J., Stein, L. C., Steplewski, S., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B., Szokoly, G. P., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, J. R., Taylor, R., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thüring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K. V., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Torres, C., Torrie, C. I., Tournefier, E., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trias, M., Trummer, J., Turner, L., Ugolini, D., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Vallisneri, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, van der Putten, S., van der Sluys, M. V., Vass, S., Vaulin, R., Vavoulidis, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., van Veggel, A. A., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Veltkamp, C., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Villar, A., Vinet, J. -Y., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyachanin, S. P., Waldman, S. J., Wallace, L., Wanner, A., Ward, R. L., Was, M., Wei, P., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wen, S., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., Whiting, B. F., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P. A., Williams, H. R., Williams, L., Willke, B., Wilmut, I., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wiseman, A. G., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yeaton-Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yu, P. P., Yvert, M., Zanolin, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M. E., and Zweizig, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Progenitor scenarios for short gamma-ray bursts (short GRBs) include coalescenses of two neutron stars or a neutron star and black hole, which would necessarily be accompanied by the emission of strong gravitational waves. We present a search for these known gravitational-wave signatures in temporal and directional coincidence with 22 GRBs that had sufficient gravitational-wave data available in multiple instruments during LIGO's fifth science run, S5, and Virgo's first science run, VSR1. We find no statistically significant gravitational-wave candidates within a [-5, +1) s window around the trigger time of any GRB. Using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test, we find no evidence for an excess of weak gravitational-wave signals in our sample of GRBs. We exclude neutron star-black hole progenitors to a median 90% CL exclusion distance of 6.7 Mpc., Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, Accepted by ApJ

Published
2010
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20. Complex patterns of spontaneous initiations and terminations of reentrant circulation in a loop of cardiac tissue

Author

Sedaghat, H., Wood, M. A., Cain, J. W., Cheng, C-K., Baumgarten, C. M., and Chan, D. M.

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
Abstract

A two-component model is developed that consists of a discrete loop of cardiac cells that circulates action potentials together with a cardiac pacing mechanism. Physiological properties of cells such as restitutions of refractoriness and of conduction velocity are given via experimentally measured functions. The dynamics of circulating pulses and their interactions with the pacer are regulated by two threshold relations. Patterns of spontaneous initiations and terminations of reentry (SITR) generated by this system are studied through numerical simulations and analytical observations. These patterns can be regular or irregular; causes of irregularities are identified as the threshold bistability of reentrant circulation (T-bistability) and in some cases, also phase-resetting interactions with the pacer., Comment: 27 pages, 10 figures, 61 references; A version of this paper (same results) is to appear in the Journal of Theoretical Biology; arXiv V2 adds helpful commments to facilitate reading and corrects minor errors in presentation

Published
2008
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25. Culture Matters: Surgical training in the colony: an Indigenous perspective.

Author

Cain, J. N.

Subjects
*INDIGENOUS Australians, *INDIGENOUS peoples, *AFFIRMATIVE action programs in education, *MAORI (New Zealand people), *TRADITIONAL knowledge
Abstract

This article discusses the importance of cultural responsiveness in surgical training, particularly in relation to Indigenous communities in Australia, Aotearoa New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands. The author, an Indigenous surgeon in training, shares their personal experiences and highlights the need for a non-Indigenous surgical workforce that is culturally aware and responsive. The article also addresses the issue of racism in the surgical field, using a theoretical framework to understand its different levels and impact on health. The author emphasizes the benefits of having a surgical workforce that reflects the population and calls for allyship and cultural responsiveness from non-Indigenous surgeons. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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29. 160P COLUMBIA-1: A phase Ib/II, open-label, randomized, multicenter study of durvalumab plus oleclumab in combination with chemotherapy and bevacizumab as first-line (1L) therapy in metastatic microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer (MSS-mCRC)

Author

Segal, N.H., primary, Tie, J., additional, Kopetz, S., additional, Ducreux, M.P., additional, Chen, E., additional, Dienstmann, R., additional, Hollebecque, A., additional, Reilley, M., additional, Elez Fernandez, M.E., additional, Cosaert, J., additional, Cain, J., additional, Hernandez, M., additional, Hewson, N., additional, Cooper, Z.A., additional, Dressman, M., additional, and Tabernero, J., additional

Published
2022
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34. A phase ii study of continuous low dose panobinostat in paediatric patients with malignant rhabdoid tumours and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumours.

Author

Wood P., Desai J., Waldeck K., Cain J., Gottardo N., Strong R., Kinross K., Carr M., Jones J., Wong L., Ziegler D., Hansford J., Michael M., Ashley D., Wood P., Desai J., Waldeck K., Cain J., Gottardo N., Strong R., Kinross K., Carr M., Jones J., Wong L., Ziegler D., Hansford J., Michael M., and Ashley D.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Panobinostat treatment has been shown to terminally differentiate malignant rhabdoid tumours (MRT) and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumours (ATRT) in pre-clinical models. We report results of the open label, phase II study of oral panobinostat in patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed MRT/ATRT. AIMS: To assess the anti-tumour activity of low dose, continuous oral panobinostat as well as its associated toxicities. To assess the biological activity of low dose panobinostat by measuring histone H4 acetylation status in peripheral mononuclear cells (PMNC), and differentiation markers. METHOD(S): Following primary institutional standard of care induction and consolidation chemotherapy and/or radiation treatment, patients were enrolled and commenced on panobinostat as a continuous daily oral dose starting at 10mg/m2/day, with a three-week wash out period between therapies. Real-time acetylation status, measuring acetylated H4 on PMNC, was performed to determine the pharmacodynamics of panobinostat at different dosing levels. Patients were monitored for toxicity; dose reductions were in decrements of 2mg/ m2/day. RESULT(S): A total of 13 patients with newly diagnosed ATRT/MRT and one patient with relapsed MRT have been enrolled. The average age at enrollment was 3.6 years (range 0.8-6.8 years). The mean treatment duration was 206 days (13-344 days). Currently, six patients (42.9%) remain on study with a mean study duration of 531 days (range 13-895 days). 6/14 patients (42.9%) were removed due to disease progression at a mean study duration of 245 days (44-560 days). 2/14 patients (14.3%) withdrew due to toxicity. 12/14 patients (85.7%) required dose reductions. The main toxicities were thrombocytopaenia and leukopaenia (Grade III-IV). Real-time pharmacodynamic assessment of panobinostat, at a dose as low as 6mg/m2/day resulted in significant acetylation of histone H4 in PMNC. CONCLUSION(S): Treatment with low dose panobinostat is well tolerated in infants and

Published
2022

35. A PHASE II STUDY OF CONTINUOUS LOW DOSE PANOBINOSTAT IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT RHABDOID TUMOURS AND ATYPICAL TERATOID RHABDOID TUMOURS

Author

Wood, P, Desai, J, Waldeck, K, Cain, J, Gottardo, N, Strong, R, Kinross, K, Carr, M, Jones, J, Wong, L, Ziegler, D, Hansford, J, Michael, M, Ashley, D, Wood, P, Desai, J, Waldeck, K, Cain, J, Gottardo, N, Strong, R, Kinross, K, Carr, M, Jones, J, Wong, L, Ziegler, D, Hansford, J, Michael, M, and Ashley, D

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Panobinostat treatment has been shown to terminally differentiate malignant rhabdoid tumours (MRT) and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumours (ATRT) in pre-clinical models. We report results of the open label, phase II study of oral panobinostat in patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed MRT/ATRT. AIMS: To assess the anti-tumour activity of low dose, continuous oral panobinostat as well as its associated toxicities. To assess the biological activity of low dose panobinostat by measuring histone H4 acetylation status in peripheral mononuclear cells (PMNC), and differentiation markers. METHODS: Following primary institutional standard of care induction and consolidation chemotherapy and/or radiation treatment, patients were enrolled and commenced on panobinostat as a continuous daily oral dose starting at 10mg/m2/day, with a three-week wash out period between therapies. Real-time acetylation status, measuring acetylated H4 on PMNC, was performed to determine the pharmacodynamics of panobinostat at different dosing levels. Patients were monitored for toxicity; dose reductions were in decrements of 2mg/m2/day. RESULTS: A total of 13 patients with newly diagnosed ATRT/MRT and one patient with relapsed MRT have been enrolled. The average age at enrollment was 3.6 years (range 0.8-6.8 years). The mean treatment duration was 206 days (13-344 days). Currently, six patients (42.9%) remain on study with a mean study duration of 531 days (range 13-895 days). 6/14 patients (42.9%) were removed due to disease progression at a mean study duration of 245 days (44-560 days). 2/14 patients (14.3%) withdrew due to toxicity. 12/14 patients (85.7%) required dose reductions. The main toxicities were thrombocytopaenia and leukopaenia (Grade III-IV). Real-time pharmacodynamic assessment of panobinostat, at a dose as low as 6mg/m2/day resulted in significant acetylation of histone H4 in PMNC. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with low dose panobinostat is well tolerated in infants a

Published
2022

36. Restoring rivers and floodplains for habitat and flood risk reduction: Experiences in multi-benefit floodplain management from California and Germany

Author

Serra-Llobet, A., Jähnig, S.C., Geist, J., Kondolf, G.M., Damm, C., Scholz, Mathias, Lund, J., Opperman, J.J., Yarnell, S.M., Pawley, A., Shader, E., Cain, J., Zingraff-Hamed, A., Grantham, T.E., Eisenstein, W., Schmitt, R., Serra-Llobet, A., Jähnig, S.C., Geist, J., Kondolf, G.M., Damm, C., Scholz, Mathias, Lund, J., Opperman, J.J., Yarnell, S.M., Pawley, A., Shader, E., Cain, J., Zingraff-Hamed, A., Grantham, T.E., Eisenstein, W., and Schmitt, R.

Abstract

Conventional flood control has emphasized structural measures such as levees, reservoirs, and engineered channels—measures that typically simplify river channels and cut them off from their floodplain, both with adverse environmental consequences. Structural measures tend to be rigid and not easily adapted to increased flooding regimes resulting from environmental change. Such actions also limit the natural hydrologic benefits of floodplains such as storing floodwaters, improving water quality, providing habitat for invertebrates and fish during periods of inundation, and supporting a multitude of cultural services. As these benefits are more widely recognized, policies are being adopted to encourage projects that reduce flood risks and restore floodplain ecosystems, while acknowledging the social-ecological context. The number of such projects, however, remains small. We assessed four multi-benefit floodplain projects (two in California, United States, and two in Germany) and characterized their drivers, history, and measures implemented. In both United States cases, the dominant driver behind the project was flood risk reduction, and ecosystem restoration followed, in one case inadvertently, in the other as a requirement to receive a subsidy for a flood risk reduction project. One German case was motivated by ecosystem restoration, but it was more widely accepted because it also offered flood management benefits. The fourth case was conceived in terms of balanced goals of flood risk reduction, ecosystem restoration, and recreation. We conclude that projects that both reduce flood risk and restore ecosystems are clearly possible and often cost-effective, and that they could be more widely implemented. The principal barriers are often institutional and regulatory, rather than technical.

Published
2022

39. Calibration of the LIGO gravitational wave detectors in the fifth science run

Author

Abadie, J., Abbott, B.P., Abbott, R., Abernathy, M., Adams, C., Adhikari, R., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G., Amador Ceron, E., Amin, R.S., Anderson, S.B., Anderson, W.G., Arain, M.A., Araya, M., Aronsson, M., Aso, Y., Aston, S., Atkinson, D.E., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballmer, S., Barker, D., Barnum, S., Barr, B., Barriga, P., Barsotti, L., Barton, M.A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Bauchrowitz, J., Behnke, B., Benacquista, M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P.T., Bilenko, I.A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Biswas, R., Black, E., Blackburn, J.K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Bock, O., Bodiya, T.P., Bondarescu, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Bose, S., Boyle, M., Brady, P.R., Braginsky, V.B., Brau, J.E., Breyer, J., Bridges, D.O., Brinkmann, M., Britzger, M., Brooks, A.F., Brown, D.A., Buonanno, A., Burguet–Castell, J., Burmeister, O., Byer, R.L., Cadonati, L., Cain, J., Camp, J.B., Campsie, P., Cannizzo, J., Cannon, K.C., Cao, J., Capano, C., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cepeda, C., Chalermsongsak, T., Chalkley, E., Charlton, P., Chelkowski, S., Chen, Y., Christensen, N., Chua, S.S.Y., Chung, C.T.Y., Clark, D., Clark, J., Clayton, J.H., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T.R., Cornish, N., Costa, C.A., Coward, D.M., Coyne, D.C., Creighton, J.D.E., Creighton, T.D., Cruise, A.M., Culter, R.M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Dahl, K., Danilishin, S.L., Dannenberg, R., Danzmann, K., Das, K., Daudert, B., Davies, G., Davis, A., Daw, E.J., Dayanga, T., DeBra, D., Degallaix, J., Dergachev, V., DeRosa, R., DeSalvo, R., Devanka, P., Dhurandhar, S., Di Palma, I., Díaz, M., Donovan, F., Dooley, K.L., Doomes, E.E., Dorsher, S., Douglas, E.S.D., Drever, R.W.P., Driggers, J.C., Dueck, J., Dumas, J.-C., Eberle, T., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Engel, R., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T., Fairhurst, S., Fan, Y., Farr, B.F., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Finn, L.S., Flanigan, M., Flasch, K., Foley, S., Forrest, C., Forsi, E., Fotopoulos, N., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T.T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V.V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Garofoli, J.A., Gholami, I., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J.A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K.D., Gill, C., Goetz, E., Goggin, L.M., González, G., Gorodetsky, M.L., Goßler, S., Graef, C., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R.J.S., Gretarsson, A.M., Grosso, R., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gustafson, E.K., Gustafson, R., Hage, B., Hall, P., Hallam, J.M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G.M., Harry, I.W., Harstad, E.D., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Hayler, T., Heefner, J., Heng, I.S., Heptonstall, A.W., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hirose, E., Hoak, D., Hodge, K.A., Holt, K., Hosken, D.J., Hough, J., Howell, E.J., Hoyland, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S.H., Huynh–Dinh, T., Ingram, D.R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Johnson, W.W., Jones, D.I., Jones, G., Jones, R., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kanner, J.B., Katsavounidis, E., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kells, W., Keppel, D.G., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F.Y., Khazanov, E.A., Kim, H., King, P.J., Kinzel, D.L., Kissel, J.S., Klimenko, S., Kondrashov, V., Kopparapu, R., Koranda, S., Kozak, D., Krause, T., Kringel, V., Krishnamurthy, S., Krishnan, B., Kuehn, G., Kullman, J., Kumar, R., Kwee, P., Landry, M., Lang, M., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Leong, J., Leonor, I., Li, J., Lin, H., Lindquist, P.E., Lockerbie, N.A., Lodhia, D., Lormand, M., Lu, P., Luan, J., Lubinski, M., Lucianetti, A., Lück, H., Lundgren, A., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Mak, C., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Maros, E., Martin, I.W., Martin, R.M., Marx, J.N., Mason, K., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R.A., Mavalvala, N., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D.E., McGuire, S.C., McIntyre, G., McIvor, G., McKechan, D.J.A., Meadors, G., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A.C., Mendell, G., Menéndez, D.F., Mercer, R.A., Merill, L., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M.S., Miao, H., Miller, J., Mino, Y., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V.P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Mohanty, S.D., Mohapatra, S.R.P., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morioka, T., Mors, K., Mossavi, K., MowLowry, C.M., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Müller-Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murray, P.G., Nash, T., Nawrodt, R., Nelson, J., Newton, G., Nishizawa, A., Nolting, D., Ochsner, E., O’Dell, J., Ogin, G.H., Oldenburg, R.G., O’Reilly, B., O’Shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ottaway, D.J., Ottens, R.S., Overmier, H., Owen, B.J., Page, A., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Papa, M.A., Pareja, M., Patel, P., Pathak, D., Pedraza, M., Pekowsky, L., Penn, S., Peralta, C., Perreca, A., Pickenpack, M., Pinto, I.M., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H.J., Plissi, M.V., Postiglione, F., Predoi, V., Price, L.R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Prix, R., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Quetschke, V., Raab, F.J., Radke, T., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Rakhmanov, M., Rankins, B., Raymond, V., Reed, C.M., Reed, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D.H., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Roberts, P., Robertson, N.A., Robinson, C., Robinson, E.L., Roddy, S., Röver, C., Rollins, J., Romano, J.D., Romie, J.H., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ryan, K., Sakata, S., Sakosky, M., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., Sancho de la Jordana, L., Sandberg, V., Sannibale, V., Santamaría, L., Santostasi, G., Saraf, S., Sathyaprakash, B.S., Sato, S., Satterthwaite, M., Saulson, P.R., Savage, R., Schilling, R., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R.M.S., Schulz, B., Schutz, B.F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S.M., Searle, A.C., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A.S., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D.A., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D.H., Sibley, A., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Singer, A., Sintes, A.M., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B.J.J., Slutsky, J., Smith, J.R., Smith, M.R., Smith, N.D., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Speirits, F.C., Stein, A.J., Stein, L.C., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K.A., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A., Stuver, A.L., Summerscales, T.Z., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P.J., Szokoly, G.P., Talukder, D., Tanner, D.B., Tarabrin, S.P., Taylor, J.R., Taylor, R., Thomas, P., Thorne, K.A., Thorne, K.S., Thrane, E., Thüring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K.V., Torres, C., Torrie, C.I., Traylor, G., Trias, M., Tseng, K., Turner, L., Ugolini, D., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vaishnav, B., Vallisneri, M., Van Den Broeck, C., van der Sluys, M.V., van Veggel, A.A., Vass, S., Vaulin, R., Vecchio, A., Veitch, J., Veitch, P.J., Veltkamp, C., Villar, A.E., Vorvick, C., Vyachanin, S.P., Waldman, S.J., Wallace, L., Wanner, A., Ward, R.L., Wei, P., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A.J., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wen, S., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J.T., Whitcomb, S.E., White, D.J., Whiting, B.F., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P.A., Williams, L., Willke, B., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C.C., Wiseman, A.G., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yeaton-Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yu, P.P., Zanolin, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M.E., and Zweizig, J.

Published
2010
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40. Inverse metal-assisted chemical etching of germanium with gold and hydrogen peroxide.

Author

Lidsky, D, Cain, J M, Hutchins-Delgado, T, and Lu, T M

Subjects
*HYDROGEN peroxide, *GERMANIUM, *ETCHING, *GOLD films, *SURFACE texture
Abstract

Metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) is a flexible technique for texturing the surface of semiconductors. In this work, we study the spatial variation of the etch profile, the effect of angular orientation relative to the crystallographic planes, and the effect of doping type. We employ gold in direct contact with germanium as the metal catalyst, and dilute hydrogen peroxide solution as the chemical etchant. With this catalyst-etchant combination, we observe inverse-MACE, where the area directly under gold is not etched, but the neighboring, exposed germanium experiences enhanced etching. This enhancement in etching decays exponentially with the lateral distance from the gold structure. An empirical formula for the gold-enhanced etching depth as a function of lateral distance from the edge of the gold film is extracted from the experimentally measured etch profiles. The lateral range of enhanced etching is approximately 10–20 μ m and is independent of etchant concentration. At length scales beyond a few microns, the etching enhancement is independent of the orientation with respect to the germanium crystallographic planes. The etch rate as a function of etchant concentration follows a power law with exponent smaller than 1. The observed etch rates and profiles are independent of whether the germanium substrate is n-type, p-type, or nearly intrinsic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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