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Qing Han,* Quan Zhang,* Feiquan Ying, Zehua Wang, Yifan Zhang, Lanqing Gong, E Cai, Jiaxian Qian, Jing Cai Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jing Cai; Jiaxian Qian Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union HospitalTongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 135 5451 1709; +86 157 1715 6977Fax +86 27 8572 6993Email caijingmmm@hotmail.com; qianjiaxian@hust.edu.cnBackground: Tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin and epidermal growth factor homology domains 2 (Tie2)-expressing monocytes (TEMs) are a highly proangiogenic subset of myeloid cells, which are characterized by expressing the angiopoietin receptor Tie2 with pro-tumor activity.Purpose: The present study aimed to determine the clinical value of circulating TEMs (cTEMs) for cervical cancer.Patients and Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from 7 healthy volunteers, 17 uterine fibroid patients, 24 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) II patients, 31 CIN III patients and 99 patients with cervical cancer. The cTEMs were evaluated by the ratio of Tie2+ CD14+ cells to all CD14+ monocytes in the PBMCs through flow cytometry. The diagnostic value of cTEM was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the correlation between cTEM and clinicopathological characters in cervical cancer patients was analyzed.Results: The proportion of cTEMs was gradually increasing from healthy volunteers to patients with non-invasive lesions, then to cervical cancer patients. The area under the ROC curve was 0.913 when the level of cTEMs was used to distinguish cervical cancer from all the other women ranging from healthy volunteers to CIN III patients. In cervical cancer, an increased cTEM fraction was significantly correlated with advanced tumor stage, larger tumor size, lymph node metastasis (LNM), deep stromal infiltration, parametrial involvement and lymph-vascular space invasion and was an independent risk factor for LNM.Conclusion: The cTEM proportion might be a promising biomarker for the malignant transformation of cervical lesions and the progression of cervical cancer.Keywords: cervical cancer, Tie2-expressing monocytes, lymph node metastasis, tumor associated macrophages, biomarker, tumor progression

BackgroundNivolumab is an effective treatment option for advanced gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of existing literature to investigate the relationship between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and the prognosis of patients with GC treated with nivolumab.MethodsWe comprehensively searched four online literature databases: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, until 27 March 2024. The outcome measures of interest included: overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), hazard ratio (HR), median survival ratio (MSR), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR).ResultsA total of six studies, including 393 patients, met the eligibility criteria. The OS (pooled hazard ratio [HR] = 0.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.3–0.6, p < 0.05) and PFS (pooled HR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.4–0.6, p < 0.05) of patients with irAEs were significantly superior to individuals without irAEs. The MSR for OS and PFS were 2.5 (95% CI: 1.5-4.1, p < 0.05) and 2.8 (95% CI: 1.9–4.1, p < 0.05), respectively. Regarding the ORR and DCR, we found that the development of irAEs was significantly associated with higher rates: patients with irAEs had an ORR of 24.7% compared to 6.4% in those without irAEs (risk ratio [RR] = 2.6, p < 0.05), and a DCR of 86.0% compared to 30.3% in those without irAEs (RR = 3.2, p < 0.05).ConclusionThere appears to be a significant correlation between the development of irAEs and the better survival benefits with nivolumab in patients with GC.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022341396.

In recent decades, with the rapid development of the inorganic synthesis and the increasing discharge of pollutants in the process of industrialization, hollow-structured metal oxides (HSMOs) have taken on a striking role in the field of environmental catalysis. This is all due to their unique structural characteristics compared to solid nanoparticles, such as high loading capacity, superior pore permeability, high specific surface area, abundant inner void space, and low density. Although the HSMOs with different morphologies have been reviewed and prospected in the aspect of synthesis strategies and potential applications, there has been no systematic review focusing on the structures and compositions design of HSMOs in the field of environmental catalysis so far. Therefore, this review will mainly focus on the component dependence and controllable structure of HSMOs in the catalytic elimination of different environmental pollutants, including the automobile and stationary source emissions, volatile organic compounds, greenhouse gases, ozone-depleting substances, and other potential pollutants. Moreover, we comprehensively reviewed the applications of the catalysts with hollow structure that are mainly composed of metal oxides such as CeO2, MnOx, CuOx, Co3O4, ZrO2, ZnO, Al3O4, In2O3, NiO, and Fe3O4 in automobile and stationary source emission control, volatile organic compounds emission control, and the conversion of greenhouse gases and ozone-depleting substances. The structure–activity relationship is also briefly discussed. Finally, further challenges and development trends of HSMO catalysts in environmental catalysis are also prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cycolcarya paliurus (C. paliurus) has a long history of medicinal use as a traditional Chinese medicine to deal with diabetic, hyperlipidemic, inflammatory, and cancer, and triterpenes are one of its main active substances. Current studies on triterpenoids from C. paliurus have shown that different combinations of extraction methods and techniques have been used to isolate triterpenes from the leaves of the tree. The structures of the isolated triterpenoids from C. paliurus have also been elucidated to analyze their biological activities and conformational relationships. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the triterpenes in C. paliurus in terms of extraction and purification methods, chemical structure, active functions and utilization, in order to provide a reference for the further development and utilization of triterpenoids in C. paliurus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a series of Cu2O/S (S = α-MnO2, CeO2, ZSM-5, and Fe2O3) supported catalysts with a Cu2O loading amount of 15% were prepared by the facile liquid-phase reduction deposition–precipitation strategy and investigated as CO oxidation catalysts. It was found that the Cu2O/α-MnO2 catalyst exhibits the best catalytic activity for CO oxidation. Additionally, a series of Cu2O-CuO/α-MnO2 heterojunctions with varied proportion of Cu+/Cu2+ were synthesized by further calcining the pristine Cu2O/α-MnO2 catalyst. The ratio of the Cu+/Cu2+ could be facilely regulated by controlling the calcination temperature. It is worth noting that the Cu2O-CuO/α-MnO2-260 catalyst displays the best catalytic performance. Moreover, the kinetic studies manifest that the apparent activation energy could be greatly reduced owing to the excellent redox property and the Cu2O-CuO interface effect. Therefore, the Cu2O-CuO heterojunction catalysts supported on α-MnO2 nanotubes are believed to be the potential catalyst candidates for CO oxidation with advanced performance.

CeO2 is an outstanding support commonly used for the CuO-based CO oxidation catalysts due to its excellent redox property and oxygen storage–release property. However, the inherently small specific surface area of CeO2 support restricts the further enhancement of its catalytic performance. In this work, the novel mesoporous CeO2 nanosphere with a large specific surface area (~190.4 m2/g) was facilely synthesized by the improved hydrothermal method. The large specific surface area of mesoporous CeO2 nanosphere could be successfully maintained even at high temperatures up to 500 °C, exhibiting excellent thermal stability. Then, a series of CuO-based CO oxidation catalysts were prepared with the mesoporous CeO2 nanosphere as the support. The large surface area of the mesoporous CeO2 nanosphere support could greatly promote the dispersion of CuO active sites. The effects of the CuO loading amount, the calcination temperature, mesostructure, and redox property on the performances of CO oxidation were systematically investigated. It was found that high Cu+ concentration and lattice oxygen content in mesoporous CuO/CeO2 nanosphere catalysts greatly contributed to enhancing the performances of CO oxidation. Therefore, the present mesoporous CeO2 nanosphere with its large specific surface area was considered a promising support for advanced CO oxidation and even other industrial catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]