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Breast cancer ranks as a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women globally. Current treatments often fall short in eradicating it completely, posing challenges in managing its incidence and mortality rates. The nervous system significantly influences breast cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. The review highlights how the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the central nervous system and peripheral nerves, such as parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves, can either promote or inhibit cancer development through neurotransmitter release. Understanding these mechanisms offers new therapeutic targets, potentially improving breast cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies.

The long-term stability of Li-S batteries is significantly compromised by the shuttle effect and insulating nature of active substance S, constraining their commercialization. Developing efficient catalysts to mitigate the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) is still a challenge. Herein, we designed and synthesized a rose-like cobalt-nickel bimetallic oxide catalyst NiCo 2 O 4 -O V enriched with oxygen vacancies (O V ) and verified the controllable synthesis of different contents of O V . Introducing the O V proved to be an efficient approach for controlling the electronic structure of the electrocatalyst and managing the absorption/desorption processes on the reactant surface, thereby addressing the challenges posed by the LiPS shuttle effect and sluggish transformation kinetics in Li-S batteries. In addition, we investigated the effect of O V in NiCo 2 O 4 on the adsorption capacity of LiPSs using adsorption experiments and density functional theory (DFT) simulations. With the increase in the level of O V , the binding energy between the two is enhanced, and the adsorption effect is more obvious. NiCo 2 O 4 -O V contributes to the decomposition of Li 2 S and diffusion of Li + in Li-S batteries, which promotes the kinetic process of the batteries.