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Jagakarsa is one of the districts in South Jakarta that has a rainwater catchment area. Problems arise as a result of the high rate of population growth, which has an impact on changes in land use and increased surface runoff, causing flooding. On the other hand, the absence of clean water provision facilities from the government means that people use groundwater-drilled wells to meet their daily clean water needs. Sustainable groundwater consumption has an impact on land subsidence and vulnerability to groundwater availability. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research. This research seeks to assess the potential for rainwater harvesting based on field observations. The research was carried out by analyzing rainfall data, field surveys, research program socialization, and community socio-economic analysis. Rainfall is high, with an annual average of 2809.7 m. 98% of respondents use drilled groundwater wells with a wells depth in the deep aquifer layer, and public interest in rainwater harvesting (RWH) technology is high. These show the potential for implementing RWH in the study location. This research is an initial study; for the integrated implementation of RWH, further research is needed after this study.

Modernising irrigation is a top priority in Indonesia, with managing irrigation water supply services effectively and efficiently, particularly in providing value to farmers. Sediment traps are an essential component of the head structure in irrigation. Vortex Settling Desilting Basins (VSDB) have inherent advantages over other types of sediment-removal desilting basins. The experiments were conducted under three different discharge scenarios, and three-dimensional flow velocities were measured. The streamlines and velocity vectors in the horizontal superimposed sections were drawn and analysed then for the incipient motion of sediment. This study presents the results of experimental research that was accomplished in a VSDB to observe the slope orifice chamber with 1:10, 1:5 and 1:2. The method used numerical methods with CFD simulations by Ansys R.21 2020 (student version) to approach geometric shapes then laboratory experiments with a model scale 1:40 prototype to an undistorted 3-D physical model. Comparing the magnitude of the velocity and streamlined path in horizontal sections with the occurrence of secondary in radial sections revealed that the flow in the vortex direction plays a higher role in the removal efficiency of the desilting basin. As a result, by comparing the performance of rectangular shapes with the same hydraulic parameters, the slope orifice chamber of 1:5 is more effective in case of deposition and removal than another slope chamber. Eleven times running, it settled 84.90% of the sediment fraction and left a sediment fraction of 12.10%, higher than the effectiveness of the performance of sediment traps with a rectangular shape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern irrigation schemes are increasingly demand-based, which means that the crop water requirements determine the water flow in a canal. The sediment transport aspect is a significant factor in irrigation development as it determines to a large extent the sustainability of an irrigation scheme, particularly in the case of unlined canals in alluvial soils, and as a trigger in reducing the wet capacity of the irrigation canal. The conventional sediment traps with a rectangular shape, rapidly advancing development, are challenging to construct because they require adequate space. The Vortex Settling Desilting Basin (VSDB) has proposed to replace the rectangular shape with more effectiveness considering the more concise area, deposition rate and removal efficiency, and minimum human resources as an operator. The method uses numerical methods with Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations by Ansys R.21 2020 Student to acquire a geometric shape approach, then laboratory experiments with a model scale 1:40 prototype to an undistorted 3D physical model. This study aims to develop a two-dimensional numerical model and the optimal regression equations for determining settling basin dimension and then simulate and compare the efficiency of the selected settling basins. The VSDB shape is slimmer at 42% than the rectangular shape by optimizing the slope orifice chamber. As a result, by comparing the performance of rectangular sediment traps with the appleto- apple hydraulic parameters and sediment variables, the results obtained based on deposition performance increased from 69.12% to 84.90% and flushing performance by leaving the minimum sediment fraction increased from 53.33% to 87.90%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]