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Sustainable palm oil certification has become a global demand, particularly in the market. However, the implementation of both Roundtable of Sustainable Palm Oli (RSPO) and Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) certification schemes is relatively slow. This study aims to analyze to what extent incentives can accelerate sustainable palm oil certification, from what sources those incentives can be arranged, and types of incentives are appropriate for palm oil smallholders. The research uses quantitative and qualitative methods based on literature reviews, in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, and a survey of 455 farmers in two Indonesian provinces (Riau and West Kalimantan). Based on quantitative analysis, the reasons behind more progressive certification achievements in Riau remain unrevealed while in West Kalimantan, Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) price, easiness to obtaining loans with low interest, and easiness of selling FFB have a significant influence on accelerating certification. Using a qualitative approach, smallholders show their expectation of having incentives. In Riau, incentives expected are higher FFB prices and a simpler procedure to get the Environmental Management Statement (SPPL) document. In West Kalimantan, higher FFB prices and availability of low interest loans are expected to become incentives. These incentives can be mobilized from intergovernmental fiscal transfer mechanisms such as revenuesharing mechanisms, export levies, and environmental funds. Smallholders also expect clarity of incentives generated from ISPO certification, particularly in price and market access, which requires the government's initiative to develop synergy with various stakeholders. To be practical, incentives were not only for smallholders but also for the government officials at the province, district, and village levels, as the position of the local government is very important in preparing, encouraging, and mobilizing farmers, as well as in strengthening institutions for improving palm oil governance. In the implementation of RSPO certification, the collaboration between the Indonesian government (through the Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises) and the RSPO becomes clear evidence of central government support. At the sub-national level, the Riau and West Kalimantan Provinces have developed the Regional Action Plans (RAD) for sustainable palm oil as a policy commitment to accelerate both RSPO and ISPO certification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of halal tourism in Indonesia is the focus of the Indonesian government and MSMEs have an important role in supporting the development of halal tourism in Indonesia. This study aims to examine the relationship between marketing communication and Islamic financial literacy on Islamic financial inclusion and MSME performance in the halal-tourism sector. A covariance-based SEM technique utilizing LISREL software was used to analyze the data from this investigation. Nonprobability sampling was employed to collect the data, and the sample consists of 152 halal-tourism entrepreneurs. This study found a positive and significant association between Islamic financial inclusion and business performance. This study also found that there is a positive and significant association between Islamic financial literacy and Islamic financial inclusion. Marketing communication and Islamic financial inclusion have a positive relationship, but it is insignificant. This study implies that to establish a halal-tourist ecosystem for long-term development in Indonesia, commercial actors must lend their full support. This study demonstrates that they can thrive when MSMEs in the halal-tourist ecosystem are backed by Islamic banking and Islamic rural banks. As a result, a more accommodating approach from Islamic banking is required to provide access to halal finance for business actors in Indonesia's halal-tourism ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The government of Indonesia consolidated three state-owned Islamic banks to become Bank Syariah Indonesia. Customer loyalty is affected by merger operations. This study aims to examine the role of Bank Image, Cost and Benefit of Merger, Past Behavior, Services Quality, Product Price, Bank Human Recourses, Bank Location, Information Technology Integration and Sharia Compliance on Loyalty Customers BSI's predecessor banks (Bank Syariah Mandiri, BNI Syariah and BRI Syariah). This study uses a quantitative approach by completing an online questionnaire from 92 respondents spread across Indonesia and this study uses Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) as the estimation method. The results of the validity test show a strong correlation between a few independent variables and BSI customer loyalty. These include bank human resources, bank location, and information technology integration, Product quality and service quality. On the other hand, the validity test shows that a number of independent variables are unrelated to BSI customer loyalty, including Bank Image, Cost and Benefit of Merger, Past Behavior, Product Price, and Sharia Compliance. For BSI managers, prioritizing key drivers of customer loyalty such as product quality, service efficiency, and technological integration is crucial for strategic resource allocation and maintaining a positive customer experience. BSI customers are encouraged to stay informed about the bank's offerings, engage in educational initiatives, and provide regular feedback, while the government can support BSI's success by fostering a regulatory environment conducive to innovation and customer-centric initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]