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2. Structure of an endosomal signaling GPCR–G protein–β-arrestin megacomplex

Author

Nguyen, Anthony H, Thomsen, Alex RB, Cahill, Thomas J, Huang, Rick, Huang, Li-Yin, Marcink, Tara, Clarke, Oliver B, Heissel, Søren, Masoudi, Ali, Ben-Hail, Danya, Samaan, Fadi, Dandey, Venkata P, Tan, Yong Zi, Hong, Chuan, Mahoney, Jacob P, Triest, Sarah, Little, John, Chen, Xin, Sunahara, Roger, Steyaert, Jan, Molina, Henrik, Yu, Zhiheng, des Georges, Amedee, and Lefkowitz, Robert J

Subjects
Generic health relevance, Animals, Cattle, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Endosomes, GTP-Binding Proteins, Humans, Models, Molecular, Protein Conformation, Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Receptors, Vasopressin, Signal Transduction, beta-Arrestins, Chemical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Biophysics, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Classically, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are thought to activate G protein from the plasma membrane and are subsequently desensitized by β-arrestin (β-arr). However, some GPCRs continue to signal through G protein from internalized compartments, mediated by a GPCR-G protein-β-arr 'megaplex'. Nevertheless, the molecular architecture of the megaplex remains unknown. Here, we present its cryo-electron microscopy structure, which shows simultaneous engagement of human G protein and bovine β-arr to the core and phosphorylated tail, respectively, of a single active human chimeric β2-adrenergic receptor with the C-terminal tail of the arginine vasopressin type 2 receptor (β2V2R). All three components adopt their canonical active conformations, suggesting that a single megaplex GPCR is capable of simultaneously activating G protein and β-arr. Our findings provide a structural basis for GPCR-mediated sustained internalized G protein signaling.

Published
2019

3. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study

Author

Roth, Gregory A., Mensah, George A., Johnson, Catherine O., Addolorato, Giovanni, Ammirati, Enrico, Baddour, Larry M., Barengo, Noel C., Beaton, Andrea, Benjamin, Emelia J., Benziger, Catherine P., Bonny, Aime, Brauer, Michael, Brodmann, Marianne, Cahill, Thomas J., Carapetis, Jonathan R., Catapano, Alberico L., Chugh, Sumeet, Cooper, Leslie T., Coresh, Josef, Criqui, Michael H., DeCleene, Nicole K., Eagle, Kim A., Emmons-Bell, Sophia, Feigin, Valery L., Fernández-Sola, Joaquim, Fowkes, F. Gerry R., Gakidou, Emmanuela, Grundy, Scott M., He, Feng J., Howard, George, Hu, Frank, Inker, Lesley, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Koroshetz, Walter J., Lavie, Carl, Lloyd-Jones, Donald, Lu, Hong S., Mirijello, Antonio, Misganaw, Awoke T., Mokdad, Ali H., Moran, Andrew E., Muntner, Paul, Narula, Jagat, Neal, Bruce, Ntsekhe, Mpiko, Oliveira, Gláucia M.M., Otto, Catherine M., Owolabi, Mayowa O., Pratt, Michael, Rajagopalan, Sanjay, Reitsma, Marissa B., Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P., Rigotti, Nancy A., Rodgers, Anthony, Sable, Craig A., Shakil, Saate S., Sliwa, Karen, Stark, Benjamin A., Sundström, Johan, Timpel, Patrick, Tleyjeh, Imad I., Valgimigli, Marco, Vos, Theo, Whelton, Paul K., Yacoub, Magdi, Zuhlke, Liesl J., Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdi, Alireza, Abedi, Aidin, Aboyans, Victor, Abrha, Woldu A., Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I., Acharya, Dilaram, Adair, Tim, Adebayo, Oladimeji M., Ademi, Zanfina, Advani, Shailesh M., Afshari, Khashayar, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Gina, Agasthi, Pradyumna, Ahmad, Sohail, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Muktar B., Aji, Budi, Akalu, Yonas, Akande-Sholabi, Wuraola, Aklilu, Addis, Akunna, Chisom J., Alahdab, Fares, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Alhabib, Khalid F., Alif, Sheikh M., Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed M., Alla, François, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Almustanyir, Sami, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M., Amegah, Adeladza K., Amini, Saeed, Aminorroaya, Arya, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A., Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Andrei, Tudorel, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Anteneh, Zelalem A., Antonazzo, Ippazio Cosimo, Antony, Benny, Anwer, Razique, Appiah, Lambert T., Arabloo, Jalal, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artanti, Kurnia D., Ataro, Zerihun, Ausloos, Marcel, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Awan, Asma T., Awoke, Mamaru A., Ayele, Henok T., Ayza, Muluken A., Azari, Samad, B, Darshan B., Baheiraei, Nafiseh, Baig, Atif A., Bakhtiari, Ahad, Banach, Maciej, Banik, Palash C., Baptista, Emerson A., Barboza, Miguel A., Barua, Lingkan, Basu, Sanjay, Bedi, Neeraj, Béjot, Yannick, Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berman, Adam E., Bezabih, Yihienew M., Bhagavathula, Akshaya S., Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Birhanu, Mulugeta M., Boloor, Archith, Brant, Luisa C., Brenner, Hermann, Briko, Nikolay I., Butt, Zahid A., Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cahill, Leah E., Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cámera, Luis A., Campos-Nonato, Ismael R., Cantu-Brito, Carlos, Car, Josip, Carrero, Juan J., Carvalho, Felix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cerin, Ester, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chen, Simiao, Chin, Ken L., Choi, Jee-Young J., Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Cirillo, Massimo, Coffey, Sean, Conti, Sara, Costa, Vera M., Cundiff, David K., Dadras, Omid, Dagnew, Baye, Dai, Xiaochen, Damasceno, Albertino A.M., Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Davletov, Kairat, De la Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa, De la Hoz, Fernando P., De Neve, Jan-Walter, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Derbew Molla, Meseret, Derseh, Behailu T., Desai, Rupak, Deuschl, Günther, Dharmaratne, Samath D., Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhungana, Raja Ram, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Diaz, Daniel, Djalalinia, Shirin, Dokova, Klara, Douiri, Abdel, Duncan, Bruce B., Duraes, Andre R., Eagan, Arielle W., Ebtehaj, Sanam, Eftekhari, Aziz, Eftekharzadeh, Sahar, Ekholuenetale, Michael, El Nahas, Nevine, Elgendy, Islam Y., Elhadi, Muhammed, El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I., Esteghamati, Sadaf, Etisso, Atkilt E., Eyawo, Oghenowede, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Faraon, Emerito Jose A., Faris, Pawan S., Farwati, Medhat, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Fernandez Prendes, Carlota, Ferrara, Pietro, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Flood, David, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gad, Mohamed M., Gaidhane, Shilpa, Ganji, Morsaleh, Garg, Jalaj, Gebre, Abadi K., Gebregiorgis, Birhan G., Gebregzabiher, Kidane Z., Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak G., Getacher, Lemma, Obsa, Abera Getachew, Ghajar, Alireza, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghith, Nermin, Giampaoli, Simona, Gilani, Syed Amir, Gill, Paramjit S., Gillum, Richard F., Glushkova, Ekaterina V., Gnedovskaya, Elena V., Golechha, Mahaveer, Gonfa, Kebebe B., Goudarzian, Amir Hossein, Goulart, Alessandra C., Guadamuz, Jenny S., Guha, Avirup, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haile, Teklehaimanot G., Hamadeh, Randah R., Hamidi, Samer, Hankey, Graeme J., Hargono, Arief, Hartono, Risky K., Hashemian, Maryam, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassen, Hamid Y., Havmoeller, Rasmus J., Hay, Simon I., Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Golnaz, Herteliu, Claudiu, Holla, Ramesh, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Househ, Mowafa, Huang, Junjie, Humayun, Ayesha, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ibeneme, Charles U., Ibitoye, Segun E., Ilesanmi, Olayinka S., Ilic, Irena M., Ilic, Milena D., Iqbal, Usman, Irvani, Seyed Sina N., Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islam, Rakibul M., Iso, Hiroyasu, Iwagami, Masao, Jain, Vardhmaan, Javaheri, Tahereh, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayaram, Shubha, Jayawardena, Ranil, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Ravi P., Jonas, Jost B., Jonnagaddala, Jitendra, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek J., Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Ali, Kahlon, Tanvir, Kalani, Rizwan, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamath, Ashwin, Kamel, Ibrahim, Kandel, Himal, Kandel, Amit, Karch, André, Kasa, Ayele Semachew, Katoto, Patrick D.M.C., Kayode, Gbenga A., Khader, Yousef S., Khammarnia, Mohammad, Khan, Muhammad S., Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Ejaz A., Khatab, Khaled, Kibria, Gulam M.A., Kim, Yun Jin, Kim, Gyu Ri, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Kivimäki, Mika, Kolte, Dhaval, Koolivand, Ali, Korshunov, Vladimir A., Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kulkarni, Vaman, Kumar, G. Anil, Kumar, Nithin, Kurmi, Om P., Kusuma, Dian, Kwan, Gene F., La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lallukka, Tea, Lan, Qing, Lasrado, Savita, Lassi, Zohra S., Lauriola, Paolo, Lawrence, Wayne R., Laxmaiah, Avula, LeGrand, Kate E., Li, Ming-Chieh, Li, Bingyu, Li, Shanshan, Lim, Stephen S., Lim, Lee-Ling, Lin, Hualiang, Lin, Ziqiang, Lin, Ro-Ting, Liu, Xuefeng, Lopez, Alan D., Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A., Lugo, Alessandra, M, Nirmal K., Madotto, Fabiana, Mahmoudi, Morteza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malik, Ahmad A., Mamun, Abdullah A., Manafi, Navid, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Martini, Santi, Mathur, Manu R., Mazzaglia, Giampiero, Mehata, Suresh, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Meier, Toni, Menezes, Ritesh G., Meretoja, Atte, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Miller, Ted R., Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Mirzaei, Hamed, Moazen, Babak, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammad, Dara K., Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohammed, Mohammed A., Mokhayeri, Yaser, Molokhia, Mariam, Montasir, Ahmed A., Moradi, Ghobad, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Moreno Velásquez, Ilais, Morze, Jakub, Mubarik, Sumaira, Muruet, Walter, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan J., Nalini, Mahdi, Nangia, Vinay, Naqvi, Atta Abbas, Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas, Nascimento, Bruno R., Nayak, Vinod C., Nazari, Javad, Nazarzadeh, Milad, Negoi, Ruxandra I., Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Nguyen, Huong L.T., Nixon, Molly R., Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nouthe, Brice E., Nowak, Christoph, Odukoya, Oluwakemi O., Ogbo, Felix A., Olagunju, Andrew T., Orru, Hans, Ortiz, Alberto, Ostroff, Samuel M., Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Parekh, Utsav, Park, Eun-Cheol, Parvizi, Mojtaba, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, Patel, Urvish K., Pathak, Mona, Paudel, Rajan, Pepito, Veincent Christian F., Perianayagam, Arokiasamy, Perico, Norberto, Pham, Hai Q., Pilgrim, Thomas, Piradov, Michael A., Pishgar, Farhad, Podder, Vivek, Polibin, Roman V., Pourshams, Akram, Pribadi, Dimas R.A., Rabiee, Navid, Rabiee, Mohammad, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Ur Rahman, Mohammad Hifz, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rakovac, Ivo, Ram, Pradhum, Ramalingam, Sudha, Rana, Juwel, Ranasinghe, Priyanga, Rao, Sowmya J., Rathi, Priya, Rawal, Lal, Rawasia, Wasiq F., Rawassizadeh, Reza, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M.N., Rezapour, Aziz, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Roberts-Thomson, Ross L., Roever, Leonardo, Rohloff, Peter, Romoli, Michele, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rwegerera, Godfrey M., Saadatagah, Seyedmohammad, Saber-Ayad, Maha M., Sabour, Siamak, Sacco, Simona, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, Safari, Saeed, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Salehi, Sana, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Samaei, Mehrnoosh, Samy, Abdallah M., Santos, Itamar S., Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sarveazad, Arash, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete, Schmidt, Maria I., Schutte, Aletta E., Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Sha, Feng, Shahabi, Saeed, Shahid, Izza, Shaikh, Masood A., Shamali, Mahdi, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shawon, Md Shajedur Rahman, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shin, Jae Il, Shiri, Rahman, Shiue, Ivy, Shuval, Kerem, Siabani, Soraya, Siddiqi, Tariq J., Silva, Diego A.S., Singh, Jasvinder A., Mtech, Ambrish Singh, Skryabin, Valentin Y., Skryabina, Anna A., Soheili, Amin, Spurlock, Emma E., Stockfelt, Leo, Stortecky, Stefan, Stranges, Saverio, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Tadbiri, Hooman, Tadesse, Eyayou G., Tadesse, Degena B., Tajdini, Masih, Tariqujjaman, Md, Teklehaimanot, Berhane F., Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tesema, Ayenew K., Thakur, Bhaskar, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu R., Thapar, Rekha, Thrift, Amanda G., Timalsina, Binod, Tonelli, Marcello, Touvier, Mathilde, Tovani-Palone, Marcos R., Tripathi, Avnish, Tripathy, Jaya P., Truelsen, Thomas C., Tsegay, Guesh M., Tsegaye, Gebiyaw W., Tsilimparis, Nikolaos, Tusa, Biruk S., Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Umapathi, Krishna Kishore, Unim, Brigid, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Usman, Muhammad S., Vaduganathan, Muthiah, Valdez, Pascual R., Vasankari, Tommi J., Velazquez, Diana Z., Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vu, Giang T., Vujcic, Isidora S., Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Yanzhong, Wang, Fang, Wei, Jingkai, Weintraub, Robert G., Weldemariam, Abrha H., Westerman, Ronny, Winkler, Andrea S., Wiysonge, Charles S., Wolfe, Charles D.A., Wubishet, Befikadu Legesse, Xu, Gelin, Yadollahpour, Ali, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yan, Lijing L., Yandrapalli, Srikanth, Yano, Yuichiro, Yatsuya, Hiroshi, Yeheyis, Tomas Y., Yeshaw, Yigizie, Yilgwan, Christopher S., Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Yusefzadeh, Hasan, Zachariah, Geevar, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zaman, Muhammed S., Zamanian, Maryam, Zand, Ramin, Zandifar, Alireza, Zarghi, Afshin, Zastrozhin, Mikhail S., Zastrozhina, Anasthasia, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhang, Wangjian, Zhong, Chenwen, Zou, Zhiyong, Zuniga, Yves Miel H., Murray, Christopher J.L., Fuster, Valentin, Barengo, Noël C., Beaton, Andrea Z., Bonny, Aimé, Carapetis, Jonathan, Chugh, Sumeet S., Criqui, Michael, DeCleene, Nicole, Fernández-Solà, Joaquim, Fowkes, Gerry, Kassebaum, Nicholas, Koroshetz, Walter, Temesgen, Awoke Misganaw, Mokdad, Ali, Moraes de Oliveira, Glaucia, Otto, Catherine, Owolabi, Mayowa, Reitsma, Marissa, Rigotti, Nancy, Sable, Craig, Shakil, Saate, Sliwa-Hahnle, Karen, Stark, Benjamin, Tleyjeh, Imad M., Zuhlke, Liesl, and Murray, Christopher

Published
2020
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4. GPCR-G Protein-β-Arrestin Super-Complex Mediates Sustained G Protein Signaling

Author

Thomsen, Alex RB, Plouffe, Bianca, Cahill, Thomas J, Shukla, Arun K, Tarrasch, Jeffrey T, Dosey, Annie M, Kahsai, Alem W, Strachan, Ryan T, Pani, Biswaranjan, Mahoney, Jacob P, Huang, Liyin, Breton, Billy, Heydenreich, Franziska M, Sunahara, Roger K, Skiniotis, Georgios, Bouvier, Michel, and Lefkowitz, Robert J

Subjects
Substance Misuse, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Generic health relevance, Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer Techniques, Cyclic AMP, Endosomes, GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Multiprotein Complexes, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Signal Transduction, beta-Arrestins, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Classically, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) stimulation promotes G protein signaling at the plasma membrane, followed by rapid β-arrestin-mediated desensitization and receptor internalization into endosomes. However, it has been demonstrated that some GPCRs activate G proteins from within internalized cellular compartments, resulting in sustained signaling. We have used a variety of biochemical, biophysical, and cell-based methods to demonstrate the existence, functionality, and architecture of internalized receptor complexes composed of a single GPCR, β-arrestin, and G protein. These super-complexes or "megaplexes" more readily form at receptors that interact strongly with β-arrestins via a C-terminal tail containing clusters of serine/threonine phosphorylation sites. Single-particle electron microscopy analysis of negative-stained purified megaplexes reveals that a single receptor simultaneously binds through its core region with G protein and through its phosphorylated C-terminal tail with β-arrestin. The formation of such megaplexes provides a potential physical basis for the newly appreciated sustained G protein signaling from internalized GPCRs.

Published
2016

6. Bacteremia following different oral procedures: Systematic review and meta‐analysis.

Author

Martins, Carolina C., Lockhart, Peter B., Firmino, Ramon T., Kilmartin, Catherine, Cahill, Thomas J., Dayer, Mark, Occhi‐Alexandre, Ingrid G. P., Lai, Honghao, Ge, Long, and Thornhill, Martin H.

Subjects
ORAL surgery, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, DENTAL scaling, DISEASE duration, RESEARCH funding, BACTEREMIA, META-analysis, ORAL hygiene, SYSTEMATIC reviews, MEDLINE, MEDICAL databases, TOOTH root planing, MASTICATION, DENTAL extraction, TOOTH care & hygiene, ACTIVITIES of daily living, DENTAL prophylaxis
Abstract

To evaluate the timing, duration and incidence of bacteremia following invasive dental procedures (IDPs) or activities of daily living (ADL). Eight databases were searched for randomized (RCTs) and nonrandomized controlled trials (nRCTs) evaluating bacteremia before and after IDPs or ADL in healthy individuals. The risk of bias was assessed by RoB 2.0 and ROBINS‐I. For the meta‐analysis, the primary outcomes were the timing and duration of bacteremia. The secondary outcome was the incidence of bacteremia, measuring the proportion of patients with bacteremia within 5 min after the end of the procedure compared with baseline. We included 64 nRCTs and 25 RCTs. Peak bacteremia occurred within 5 min after the procedure and then decreased over time. Dental extractions showed the highest incidence of bacteremia (62%–66%), followed by scaling and root planing (SRP) (44%–36%) and oral health procedures (OHP) (e.g., dental prophylaxis and dental probing without SRP) (27%–28%). Other ADL (flossing and chewing) (16%) and toothbrushing (8%–26%) resulted in bacteremia as well. The majority of studies had some concerns RCTs or moderate risk of bias nRCTs. Dental extractions, SRP and OHP, are associated with the highest frequency of bacteremia. Toothbrushing, flossing, and chewing also caused bacteremia in lower frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Distinct conformations of GPCR–β-arrestin complexes mediate desensitization, signaling, and endocytosis

Author

Cahill, Thomas J., Thomsen, Alex R. B., Tarrasch, Jeffrey T., Plouffe, Bianca, Nguyen, Anthony H., Yang, Fan, Huang, Li-Yin, Kahsai, Alem W., Bassoni, Daniel L., Gavino, Bryant J., Lamerdin, Jane E., Triest, Sarah, Shukla, Arun K., Berger, Benjamin, Little, John, Antar, Albert, Blanc, Adi, Qu, Chang-Xiu, Chen, Xin, Kawakami, Kouki, Inoue, Asuka, Aoki, Junken, Steyaert, Jan, Sun, Jin-Peng, Bouvier, Michel, Skiniotis, Georgios, and Lefkowitz, Robert J.

Published
2017

10. Macrophages directly contribute collagen to scar formation during zebrafish heart regeneration and mouse heart repair

Author

Simões, Filipa C., Cahill, Thomas J., Kenyon, Amy, Gavriouchkina, Daria, Vieira, Joaquim M., Sun, Xin, Pezzolla, Daniela, Ravaud, Christophe, Masmanian, Eva, Weinberger, Michael, Mayes, Sarah, Lemieux, Madeleine E., Barnette, Damien N., Gunadasa-Rohling, Mala, Williams, Ruth M., Greaves, David R., Trinh, Le A., Fraser, Scott E., Dallas, Sarah L., Choudhury, Robin P., Sauka-Spengler, Tatjana, and Riley, Paul R.

Published
2020
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13. The cardiac lymphatic system stimulates resolution of inflammation following myocardial infarction

Author

Vieira, Joaquim Miguel, Norman, Sophie, del Campo, Cristina Villa, Cahill, Thomas J., Barnette, Damien N., Gunadasa-Rohling, Mala, Johnson, Louise A., Greaves, David R., Carr, Carolyn A., Jackson, David G., and Riley, Paul R.

Subjects
Heart attack -- Research -- Risk factors -- Genetic aspects, Lymphatic system -- Research -- Physiological aspects, Immune system -- Research, Health care industry
Abstract

Myocardial infarction (MI) arising from obstruction of the coronary circulation engenders massive cardiomyocyte loss and replacement by non-contractile scar tissue, leading to pathological remodeling, dysfunction, and ultimately heart failure. This is presently a global health problem for which there is no effective cure. Following MI, the innate immune system directs the phagocytosis of dead cell debris in an effort to stimulate cell repopulation and tissue renewal. In the mammalian adult heart, however, the persistent influx of immune cells, coupled with the lack of an inherent regenerative capacity, results in cardiac fibrosis. Here, we reveal that stimulation of cardiac lymphangiogenesis with VEGF-C improves clearance of the acute inflammatory response after MI by trafficking immune cells to draining mediastinal lymph nodes (MLNs) in a process dependent on lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1). Deletion of Lyvel in mice, preventing docking and transit of leukocytes through the lymphatic endothelium, results in exacerbation of chronic inflammation and long-term deterioration of cardiac function. Our findings support targeting of the lymphatic/immune cell axis as a therapeutic paradigm to promote immune modulation and heart repair., Introduction The lymphatic system is a network of vessels that pervades the entire body, complementary to the blood cardiocirculatory system. It comprises blind-ended capillaries that collect extravasated interstitial fluid, macromolecules, [...]

Published
2018
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14. Impact of right ventricle-pulmonary artery coupling on clinical outcomes in the PARTNER 3 trial

Author

Cahill, Thomas J., Pibarot, Philippe, Yu, Xiao, Babaliaros, Vasilis, Blanke, Philipp, Clavel, Marie-Annick, Douglas, Pamela, Khalique, Omar K., Leipsic, Jonathon, Makkar, Rajendra, Alu, Maria C., Kodali, Susheel, Mack, Michael J., Leon, Martin B., Hahn, Rebecca T., Cahill, Thomas J., Pibarot, Philippe, Yu, Xiao, Babaliaros, Vasilis, Blanke, Philipp, Clavel, Marie-Annick, Douglas, Pamela, Khalique, Omar K., Leipsic, Jonathon, Makkar, Rajendra, Alu, Maria C., Kodali, Susheel, Mack, Michael J., Leon, Martin B., and Hahn, Rebecca T.

Abstract

BACKGROUND Physiologic right ventricle–pulmonary artery (RV-PA) coupling may be impaired in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the incidence and prognostic significance of impaired RV-PA coupling in low-risk patients with symptomatic severe AS undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement or surgical aortic valve replacement. METHODS RV-PA coupling was measured by transthoracic echocardiography as the ratio of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) to pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) in patients in the PARTNER (Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valve) 3 trial. The primary endpoint was the composite of all-cause mortality, stroke, and rehospitalization at the 2-year follow-up. RESULTS Among 570 low-risk patients included in the analysis, RV-PA uncoupling was defined by a TAPSE/PASP ratio ≤ 0.55 mm/mm Hg. At baseline, 222 of 570 (38.9%) patients had RV-PA uncoupling. At 2 years, patients with baseline RV-PA uncoupling had an increased incidence of the primary endpoint (19.1% vs 9.9%, P = 0.002), all-cause mortality (5.9% vs 0.6%, P < 0.001), cardiovascular mortality (4.1% vs 0.6%, P = 0.003), and rehospitalization (13.5% vs 7.3%, P = 0.018). On multivariable analysis, baseline RV-PA uncoupling remained an independent predictor of the primary endpoint at 2 years (HR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.04-3.57; P = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS In patients with symptomatic severe AS at low surgical risk undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement or surgical aortic valve replacement, baseline RV-PA uncoupling defined by TAPSE/PASP ≤ 0.55 mm Hg was associated with adverse clinical outcomes at 2 years, including all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and rehospitalization.

Published
2023

19. Impact of Right Ventricle-Pulmonary Artery Coupling on Clinical Outcomes in the PARTNER 3 Trial

Author

Cahill, Thomas J., primary, Pibarot, Philippe, additional, Yu, Xiao, additional, Babaliaros, Vasilis, additional, Blanke, Philipp, additional, Clavel, Marie-Annick, additional, Douglas, Pamela S., additional, Khalique, Omar K., additional, Leipsic, Jonathon, additional, Makkar, Raj, additional, Alu, Maria C., additional, Kodali, Susheel, additional, Mack, Michael J., additional, Leon, Martin B., additional, and Hahn, Rebecca T., additional

Published
2022
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29. Fumarate Is Cardioprotective via Activation of the Nrf2 Antioxidant Pathway

Author

Ashrafian, Houman, Czibik, Gabor, Bellahcene, Mohamed, Aksentijević, Dunja, Smith, Anthony C., Mitchell, Sarah J., Dodd, Michael S., Kirwan, Jennifer, Byrne, Jonathan J., Ludwig, Christian, Isackson, Henrik, Yavari, Arash, Støttrup, Nicolaj B., Contractor, Hussain, Cahill, Thomas J., Sahgal, Natasha, Ball, Daniel R., Birkler, Rune I.D., Hargreaves, Iain, Tennant, Daniel A., Land, John, Lygate, Craig A., Johannsen, Mogens, Kharbanda, Rajesh K., Neubauer, Stefan, Redwood, Charles, de Cabo, Rafael, Ahmet, Ismayil, Talan, Mark, Günther, Ulrich L., Robinson, Alan J., Viant, Mark R., Pollard, Patrick J., Tyler, Damian J., and Watkins, Hugh

Published
2012
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31. Risk of infective endocarditis after surgical and transcatheter aortic valve replacement

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Cahill, Thomas J, primary, Raby, Jonathan, additional, Jewell, Paul D, additional, Brennan, Paul F, additional, Banning, Adrian P, additional, Byrne, Jonathan, additional, Kharbanda, Rajesh K, additional, MacCarthy, Philip A, additional, Thornhill, Martin H, additional, Sandoe, Jonathan A T, additional, Spence, Mark S, additional, Ludman, Peter, additional, Hildick-Smith, David J R, additional, Redwood, Simon R, additional, and Prendergast, Bernard D, additional

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2022
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32. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study

Author

Roth, Gregory A, Mensah, George A, Johnson, Catherine O, Addolorato, Giovanni, Ammirati, Enrico, Baddour, Larry M, Barengo, Noël C, Beaton, Andrea Z, Benjamin, Emelia J, Benziger, Catherine P, Bonny, Aimé, Brauer, Michael, Brodmann, Marianne, Cahill, Thomas J, Carapetis, Jonathan, Catapano, Alberico L, Chugh, Sumeet S, Cooper, Leslie T, Coresh, Josef, Criqui, Michael, DeCleene, Nicole, Eagle, Kim A, Emmons-Bell, Sophia, Feigin, Valery L, Fernández-Solà, Joaquim, Fowkes, Gerry, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Grundy, Scott M, He, Feng J, Howard, George, Hu, Frank, Inker, Lesley, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Kassebaum, Nicholas, Koroshetz, Walter, Lavie, Carl, Lloyd-Jones, Donald, Lu, Hong S, Mirijello, Antonio, Temesgen, Awoke Misganaw, Mokdad, Ali, Moran, Andrew E, Muntner, Paul, Narula, Jagat, Neal, Bruce, Ntsekhe, Mpiko, Moraes de Oliveira, Glaucia, Otto, Catherine, Owolabi, Mayowa, Pratt, Michael, Rajagopalan, Sanjay, Reitsma, Marissa, Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P, Rigotti, Nancy, Rodgers, Anthony, Sable, Craig, Shakil, Saate, Sliwa-Hahnle, Karen, Stark, Benjamin, Sundström, Johan, Timpel, Patrick, Tleyjeh, Imad M, Valgimigli, Marco, Vos, Theo, Whelton, Paul K, Yacoub, Magdi, Zuhlke, Liesl, Murray, Christopher, Fuster, Valentin, GBD-NHLBI-JACC Global, Burden of, Cardiovascular Diseases, Writing Group, Gregory A, Roth George, A Mensah, Catherine O, Johnson, Giovanni, Addolorato, Enrico, Ammirati, Larry M, Baddour Noel, C Barengo, Andrea, Beaton, Emelia J, Benjamin Catherine, P Benziger, Aime, Bonny, Michael, Brauer, Marianne, Brodmann, Thomas J, Cahill Jonathan, R Carapetis, Alberico L, Catapano, Sumeet, Chugh, Leslie T, Cooper, Josef, Coresh, Michael H, Criqui Nicole, K DeCleene, Kim A, Eagle, Sophia, Emmons-Bell, Valery L, Feigin, Joaquim, Fernández-Sola, F Gerry, R Fowkes, Emmanuela, Gakidou, Scott M, Grundy Feng, J He, George, Howard, Frank, Hu, Lesley, Inker, Ganesan, Karthikeyan, Nicholas J, Kassebaum Walter, J Koroshetz, Carl, Lavie, Donald, Lloyd-Jones, Hong S, Antonio, 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Subjects
cardiovascular disease, global health, health policy, population health
Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases.

Published
2020

33. Hyperglycemia Induces Trained Immunity in Macrophages and Their Precursors and Promotes Atherosclerosis

Author

Edgar, Laurienne, primary, Akbar, Naveed, additional, Braithwaite, Adam T., additional, Krausgruber, Thomas, additional, Gallart-Ayala, Héctor, additional, Bailey, Jade, additional, Corbin, Alastair L., additional, Khoyratty, Tariq E., additional, Chai, Joshua T., additional, Alkhalil, Mohammad, additional, Rendeiro, André F., additional, Ziberna, Klemen, additional, Arya, Ritu, additional, Cahill, Thomas J., additional, Bock, Christoph, additional, Laurencikiene, Jurga, additional, Crabtree, Mark J., additional, Lemieux, Madeleine E., additional, Riksen, Niels P., additional, Netea, Mihai G., additional, Wheelock, Craig E., additional, Channon, Keith M., additional, Rydén, Mikael, additional, Udalova, Irina A., additional, Carnicer, Ricardo, additional, and Choudhury, Robin P., additional

Published
2021
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34. Real-World Experience With the SAPIEN 3 Ultra Transcatheter Heart Valve: A Propensity-Matched Analysis From the United States

Author

Nazif, Tamim M., primary, Cahill, Thomas J., additional, Daniels, David, additional, McCabe, James M., additional, Reisman, Mark, additional, Chakravarty, Tarun, additional, Makkar, Raj, additional, Krishnaswamy, Amar, additional, Kapadia, Samir, additional, Chehab, Bassem M., additional, Wang, John, additional, Spies, Christian, additional, Rodriguez, Evelio, additional, Kaneko, Tsuyoshi, additional, Hahn, Rebecca T., additional, Leon, Martin B., additional, and George, Isaac, additional

Published
2021
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36. Suprasternal Versus Transfemoral Access for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Insights From a Propensity Score Matched Analysis

Author

Brener, Michael I., primary, Olds, Anna, additional, Nemeth, Samantha, additional, Kurlansky, Paul, additional, Nazif, Tamim M., additional, Vahl, Torsten P., additional, Khalique, Omar K., additional, Hamid, Nadira B., additional, Patel, Amisha, additional, Ng, Vivian G., additional, Chen, Shmuel, additional, Cahill, Thomas J., additional, Rahim, Hussein M., additional, Hahn, Rebecca T., additional, Bapat, Vinayak, additional, Sarraf, Mohammad, additional, Ahmed, Mustafa I., additional, Leon, Martin B., additional, Kodali, Susheel, additional, Eudailey, Kyle W., additional, and George, Isaac, additional

Published
2021
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40. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990-2019:Update From the GBD 2019 Study

Author

Roth, Gregory A., Mensah, George A., Johnson, Catherine O., Addolorato, Giovanni, Ammirati, Enrico, Baddour, Larry M., Barengo, Noel C., Beaton, Andrea, Benjamin, Emelia J., Benziger, Catherine P., Bonny, Aime, Brauer, Michael, Brodmann, Marianne, Cahill, Thomas J., Carapetis, Jonathan R., Catapano, Alberico L., Chugh, Sumeet, Cooper, Leslie T., Coresh, Josef, Criqui, Michael H., DeCleene, Nicole K., Eagle, Kim A., Emmons-Bell, Sophia, Feigin, Valery L., Fernández-Sola, Joaquim, Fowkes, F. Gerry R., Gakidou, Emmanuela, Grundy, Scott M., He, Feng J., Howard, George, Hu, Frank, Inker, Lesley, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Koroshetz, Walter J., Lavie, Carl, Lloyd-Jones, Donald, Lu, Hong S., Mirijello, Antonio, Misganaw, Awoke T., Mokdad, Ali H., Moran, Andrew E., Muntner, Paul, Narula, Jagat, Neal, Bruce, Ntsekhe, Mpiko, Oliveira, Gláucia M.M., Otto, Catherine M., Li, Ming Chieh, and Truelsen, Thomas C.

Subjects
global health, health policy, population health, cardiovascular diseases
Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases.

Published
2020

41. Tissue-resident macrophages regulate lymphatic vessel growth and patterning in the developing heart

Author

Cahill, Thomas J., primary, Sun, Xin, additional, Ravaud, Christophe, additional, Villa del Campo, Cristina, additional, Klaourakis, Konstantinos, additional, Lupu, Irina-Elena, additional, Lord, Allegra M., additional, Browne, Cathy, additional, Jacobsen, Sten Eirik W., additional, Greaves, David R., additional, Jackson, David G., additional, Cowley, Sally A., additional, James, William, additional, Choudhury, Robin P., additional, Vieira, Joaquim Miguel, additional, and Riley, Paul R., additional

Published
2021
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43. Safety and operational efficiency of restructuring and redeploying a transcatheter aortic valve replacement service during the COVID-19 pandemic: The Oxford experience

Author

Joseph, Jubin, primary, Kotronias, Rafail A., additional, Estrin-Serlui, Theodore, additional, Cahill, Thomas J., additional, Kharbanda, Rajesh K., additional, Newton, James D., additional, Grebenik, Catherine, additional, Dawkins, Sam, additional, and Banning, Adrian P., additional

Published
2020
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46. Tissue-resident macrophages regulate lymphatic vessel growth and patterning in the developing heart

Author

Cahill, Thomas J., primary, Sun, Xin, additional, Ravaud, Christophe, additional, Villa del Campo, Cristina, additional, Klaourakis, Konstantinos, additional, Lupu, Irina-Elena, additional, Lord, Allegra M., additional, Browne, Cathy, additional, Jacobsen, Sten Eirik W., additional, Greaves, David R., additional, Jackson, David G., additional, Cowley, Sally A., additional, James, William, additional, Choudhury, Robin P., additional, Vieira, Joaquim Miguel, additional, and Riley, Paul R., additional

Published
2020
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49. Outcomes following PCI in CABG candidates during the COVID‐19 pandemic: The prospective multicentre UK‐ReVasc registry.

Author

Kite, Thomas A., Ladwiniec, Andrew, Owens, Colum G., Chase, Alexander, Shaukat, Aadil, Mozid, Abdul M., O'Kane, Peter, Routledge, Helen, Perera, Divaka, Jain, Ajay K., Palmer, Nick, Hoole, Stephen P., Egred, Mohaned, Sinha, Manas K., Cahill, Thomas J., Candilio, Luciano, Anantharam, Brijesh, Byrne, Jonathan, Walsh, Simon J, and McEntegart, Margaret

Published
2022
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50. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation vs. surgical aortic valve replacement for treatment of symptomatic severe aortic stenosis:An updated meta-analysis

Author

Siontis, George C.M., Overtchouk, Pavel, Cahill, Thomas J., Modine, Thomas, Prendergast, Bernard, Praz, Fabien, Pilgrim, Thomas, Petrinic, Tatjana, Nikolakopoulou, Adriani, Salanti, Georgia, Søndergaard, Lars, Verma, Subodh, Jüni, Peter, Windecker, Stephan, Siontis, George C.M., Overtchouk, Pavel, Cahill, Thomas J., Modine, Thomas, Prendergast, Bernard, Praz, Fabien, Pilgrim, Thomas, Petrinic, Tatjana, Nikolakopoulou, Adriani, Salanti, Georgia, Søndergaard, Lars, Verma, Subodh, Jüni, Peter, and Windecker, Stephan

Abstract

Aims: Owing to new evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in low-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis, we compared the collective safety and efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) vs. surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) across the entire spectrum of surgical risk patients. Methods and results: The meta-analysis is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42016037273). We identified RCTs comparing TAVI with SAVR in patients with severe aortic stenosis reporting at different follow-up periods. We extracted trial, patient, intervention, and outcome characteristics following predefined criteria. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality up to 2 years for the main analysis. Seven trials that randomly assigned 8020 participants to TAVI (4014 patients) and SAVR (4006 patients) were included. The combined mean STS score in the TAVI arm was 9.4%, 5.1%, and 2.0% for high-, intermediate-, and low surgical risk trials, respectively. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation was associated with a significant reduction of all-cause mortality compared to SAVR {hazard ratio [HR] 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-0.99], P = 0.030}; an effect that was consistent across the entire spectrum of surgical risk (P-for-interaction = 0.410) and irrespective of type of transcatheter heart valve (THV) system (P-for-interaction = 0.674). Transcatheter aortic valve implantation resulted in lower risk of strokes [HR 0.81 (95% CI 0.68-0.98), P = 0.028]. Surgical aortic valve replacement was associated with a lower risk of major vascular complications [HR 1.99 (95% CI 1.34-2.93), P = 0.001] and permanent pacemaker implantations [HR 2.27 (95% CI 1.47-3.64), P < 0.001] compared to TAVI. Conclusion: Compared with SAVR, TAVI is associated with reduction in all-cause mortality and stroke up to 2 years irrespective of baseline surgical risk and type of THV system.

Published
2019

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