32 results on '"Cagnoni F"'
Search Results
2. Quantitative flow cytometric analysis of the effects of cetirizine on the expression of ICAM-1/CD54 on primary cultured nasal cells
- Author
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Mincarini, M., Cagnoni, F., Canonica, G. W., Cordone, G., Sismondini, A., Semino, C., Pietra, G., and Melioli, G.
- Published
- 2000
3. [PP.13.03] ANTIANGIOGENETICS AND HYPERTENSION
- Author
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Destro, M., primary, Dognini, G.P., additional, Cagnoni, F., additional, Borgonovo, K.F., additional, Maccagni, G., additional, and Barni, S., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. RDN in Hypertensives: Results from a Novel Anatomical Approach
- Author
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Cagnoni, F., primary, Sganzerla, P., additional, Bontempelli, E., additional, Masserini, A. Belotti, additional, Cavalleri, C., additional, Negrini, P., additional, Maccagni, G., additional, and Destro, M., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The role of medical department in the management of Breast Cancer patients: a series review
- Author
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Dognini, G.P., primary, Destro, M., additional, Petrelli, F., additional, Cagnoni, F., additional, Locatelli, G., additional, Colombelli, P.L., additional, Valabrega, E., additional, and Barni, S., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Antiangiogenetics-related hypertesion: a class-effect adverse event or therapy response mark? an emerging topic
- Author
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Destro, M., primary, Dognini, G.P., additional, Cagnoni, F., additional, Colombelli, P.L., additional, and Barni, S., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. PP.29.18
- Author
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Destro, M., primary, Dognini, G.P., additional, Cagnoni, F., additional, Pozzi, A., additional, Galimberti, V.C., additional, Cavalleri, C., additional, and Panza, S., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. 5C.06
- Author
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Destro, M., primary, Dognini, G.P., additional, Pozzi, A., additional, Cagnoni, F., additional, Galimberti, V.C., additional, Cavalleri, C., additional, and Besozzi, A., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Distretto, sanità pubblica e comunità locali
- Author
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Bauleo, F. A., Beatini, P, Cagnoni, F, Modolo, M. A., Pocetta, Giancarlo, and Sconocchia, C.
- Published
- 2007
10. LUNG MYOFIBROBLASTS AS TARGETS OF SALMETEROL AND FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE:INHIBITION OF a-SMA AND NF-kB
- Author
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Baouz, S., GIRON MICHEL, J., Azzarone, B., Giuliani, M., Cagnoni, F., Olsson, S., Testi, R., Gabbiani, G., and Canonica, Giorgio
- Published
- 2005
11. Low concentration of cytokines produced by allergen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells have potent effects on human airway fibroblasts
- Author
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Olsson, S, Cagnoni, F, Dignetti, P, Melioli, G, and Canonica, Giorgio
- Published
- 2003
12. Hypertension treatment: Does the awareness of patients really affect the goal?
- Author
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Dognini, G.P., primary, Noris, A., additional, Cagnoni, F., additional, Galimberti, V., additional, Panza, S., additional, Belotti Masserini, A., additional, and Destro, M., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Discariche dei rifiuti solidi urbani nelle pianure alluvionali: il caso di Sant'Agostino (Ferrara)
- Author
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Milan, C, Rapti, Dimitra, Paparella, S, Vaccaro, Carmela, and Cagnoni, F.
- Published
- 1999
14. In vitro effects of loratadine and its active metabolite an T lymphocytes
- Author
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Cagnoni, F., Mincarini, M., Passalacqua, Giovanni, Semino, C., Pietra, Gabriella, Melioli, G., and Canonica, Giorgio
- Published
- 1998
15. Effects of Triamcinolone Acetonide on Adult Human Lung Fibroblasts: Decrease in Proliferation, Surface Molecule Expression and Mediator Release
- Author
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Oddera, S., primary, Cagnoni, F., additional, Mangraviti, S., additional, Giron-Michel, J., additional, Popova, O., additional, and Canonica, G.W., additional
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Cetirizine-induced downregulation of airway fibroblast proliferation and function: a rationale for a different approach to allergy treatment?
- Author
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Cagnoni, F, primary
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Effects of Mizolastine in vitro on Human Immunocompetent and Airway Cells: Evidence for Safety and Additional Property
- Author
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Oddera, S., primary, Cagnoni, F., additional, Dellacasa, P., additional, and Canonica, G.W., additional
- Published
- 2000
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- View/download PDF
18. Cytokines and Airways: Recent Insights and Therapeutic Implications
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Passalacqua, G., primary, Venturi, S., additional, Zoccali, P., additional, Oddera, S., additional, Cagnoni, F., additional, State, M., additional, Doucet, C., additional, Azzarone, B., additional, and Canonica, G.W., additional
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Blocking the RAAS at different levels: an update on the use of the direct renin inhibitors alone and in combination.
- Author
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Cagnoni F, Njwe CA, Zaninelli A, Ricci AR, Daffra D, D'Ospina A, Preti P, Destro M, Cagnoni, Francesca, Njwe, Christian Achiri Ngu, Zaninelli, Augusto, Ricci, Alessandra Rossi, Daffra, Diletta, D'Ospina, Antonio, Preti, Paola, and Destro, Maurizio
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Effectiveness of barnidipine 10 or 20 mg plus losartan 50-mg combination versus losartan 100-mg monotherapy in patients with essential hypertension not controlled by losartan 50-mg monotherapy: a 12-week, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study.
- Author
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Parati G, Giglio A, Lonati L, Destro M, Ricci AR, Cagnoni F, Pini C, Venco A, Maresca AM, Monza M, Grandi AM, and Omboni S
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Increasing the dose or adding a second antihypertensive agent are 2 possible therapeutic choices when blood pressure (BP) is poorly controlled with monotherapy. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effectiveness and tolerability of barnidipine 10 or 20 mg added to losartan 50 mg versus losartan 100 mg alone in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension whose BP was uncontrolled by losartan 50-mg monotherapy. METHODS: This was a 12-week, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study. Eligible patients (aged 30-74 years) had uncontrolled hypertension, defined as office sitting diastolic BP (DBP) > or =90 mm Hg and/or systolic BP (SBP) > or =140 mm Hg, and mean daytime DBP > or =85 mm Hg and/or SBP > or =135 mm Hg. All were being treated with losartan 50 mg at enrollment. After a 1-week run-in period while taking losartan 50 mg, patients were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of treatment with open-label barnidipine 10 mg plus losartan 50 mg or losartan 100-mg monotherapy. At the end of this period, patients with uncontrolled BP had barnidipine doubled to 20 mg and continued for an additional 6 weeks, whereas patients not achieving control on treatment with losartan 100 mg were discontinued. Office BP was measured at each visit, whereas 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) was performed at randomization and at the final visit (ie, after 12 weeks of treatment, or at 6 weeks for patients not controlled on losartan 100 mg). The intent-to-treat population included all randomized patients who received at least one dose of study treatment and had valid ABPM recordings at baseline and the final visit. The primary end point was the change in daytime DBP between baseline and 12 weeks of treatment, compared between the combination treatment and monotherapy. Adverse events (AEs) were evaluated during each study visit. RESULTS: A total of 93 patients were enrolled (age range, 30-75 years; 60% [56/93] men). After the 1-week run-in period, 68 patients were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of treatment with open-label barnidipine 10 mg plus losartan 50 mg (n = 34) or losartan 100-mg monotherapy (n = 34). A total of 53 patients were evaluable (barnidipine plus losartan, n = 28; losartan, n = 25). After 6 weeks of treatment, 18 patients in the combination treatment group (64.3%) had their dose of barnidipine doubled from 10 to 20 mg because BP was not normalized by treatment, whereas 8 patients in the losartan group (32.0%) were discontinued for the same reason. The between-treatment difference (losartan alone - combination treatment) for changes from baseline in daytime DBP was -1.7 mm Hg (95% CI, -5.8 to 2.4 mm Hg; P = NS). A similar result was observed for daytime SBP (-3.2 mm Hg; 95% CI, -8.1 to 1.7 mm Hg; P = NS). Likewise, no significant differences were found for nighttime values (mean [95% CI] DBP, 0.5 mm Hg [-3.7 to 4.7 mm Hg]; SBP, 1.5 mm Hg [-4.1 to 7.1 mm Hg]) or 24-hour values (DBP, -0.9 mm Hg [-4.8 to 2.9 mm Hg]; SBP, -1.6 mm Hg [-5.9 to 2.7 mm Hg]). Combination treatment was associated with a significantly higher rate of SBP responder patients (ie, <140 mm Hg or a reduction of > or =20 mm Hg) compared with monotherapy (82.1% [23/28] vs 56.0% [14/25]; P = 0.044). Drug-related AEs were reported in 4 patients taking combination treatment (total of 7 AEs, including 2 cases of peripheral edema and 1 each of tachycardia, atrial flutter, tinnitus, confusion, and polyuria) and in 2 patients taking losartan alone (total of 2 AEs, both tachycardia). CONCLUSIONS: This open-label, parallel-group study found that there was no significant difference in the BP-lowering effect of barnidipine 10 or 20 mg in combination with losartan 50 mg compared with losartan 100-mg monotherapy in these patients with essential hypertension previously uncontrolled by losartan 50-mg monotherapy. However, the percentage of responders for SBP was significantly higher with the combination. Both treatments were generally well tolerated. European Union Drug Regulating Authorities Clinical Trials (EudraCT) no. 2006-001469-41. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Effectiveness of barnidipine 10 or 20 mg plus losartan 50-mg combination versus losartan 100-mg monotherapy in patients with essential hypertension not controlled by losartan 50-mg monotherapy: A 12-week, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study
- Author
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Achille Venco, Gianfranco Parati, Andrea Maria Maresca, Francesca Cagnoni, Anna Maria Grandi, Alessandra Rossi Ricci, Maurizio Destro, Claudio Pini, Laura Lonati, Alessia Giglio, Stefano Omboni, Michela Monza, Parati, G, Giglio, A, Lonati, L, Destro, M, Rossi Ricci, A, Cagnoni, F, Pini, C, Venco, A, Maresca, A, Monza, M, Grandi, A, and Omboni, S
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Ambulatory blood pressure ,Barnidipine ,Nifedipine ,Population ,Urology ,Blood Pressure ,Essential hypertension ,Losartan ,barnidipine, losartan, monotherapy ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,Medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,European union ,education ,Antihypertensive Agents ,media_common ,Aged ,Pharmacology ,education.field_of_study ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Calcium Channel Blockers ,Angiotensin II ,Surgery ,Tolerability ,Hypertension ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,business ,circulatory and respiratory physiology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: Increasing the dose or adding a second antihypertensive agent are 2 possible therapeutic choices when blood pressure (BP) is poorly controlled with monotherapy.Objective: This study investigated the effectiveness and tolerability of barnidipine 10 or 20 mg added to losartan 50 mg versus losartan 100 mg alone in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension whose BP was uncontrolled by losartan 50-mg monotherapy.Methods: This was a 12-week, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study. Eligible patients (aged 30-74 years) had uncontrolled hypertension, defined as office sitting diastolic BP (DBP) 90 mm Hg and/or systolic BP (SBP) 140 mm Hg, and mean daytime DBP 85 mm Hg and/or SBP 135 mm Hg. All were being treated with losartan 50 mg at enrollment. After a 1-week run-in period while taking losartan 50 mg, patients were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of treatment with open-label barnidipine 10 mg plus losartan 50 mg or losartan 100-mg monotherapy. At the end of this period, patients with uncontrolled BP had barnidipine doubled to 20 mg and continued for an additional 6 weeks, whereas patients not achieving control on treatment with losartan 100 mg were discontinued. Office BP was measured at each visit, whereas 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) was performed at randomization and at the final visit (ie, after 12 weeks of treatment, or at 6 weeks for patients not controlled on losartan 100 mg). The intent-to-treat population included all randomized patients who received at least one dose of study treatment and had valid ABPM recordings at baseline and the final visit. The primary end point was the change in daytime DBP between baseline and 12 weeks of treatment, compared between the combination treatment and monotherapy. Adverse events (AEs) were evaluated during each study visit.Results: A total of 93 patients were enrolled (age range, 30-75 years; 60% [56/93] men). After the 1-week run-in period, 68 patients were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of treatment with open-label barnidipine 10 mg plus losartan 50 mg (n = 34) or losartan 100-mg monotherapy (n = 34). A total of 53 patients were evaluable (barnidipine plus losartan, n = 28; losartan, n = 25). After 6 weeks of treatment, 18 patients in the combination treatment group (64.3%) had their dose of barnidipine doubled from 10 to 20 mg because BP was not normalized by treatment, whereas 8 patients in the losartan group (32.0%) were discontinued for the same reason. The between-treatment difference (losartan alone - combination treatment) for changes from baseline in daytime DBP was -1.7 mm Hg (95% CI, -5.8 to 2.4 mm Hg; P = NS). A similar result was observed for daytime SBP (-3.2 mm Hg; 95% CI, -8.1 to 1.7 mm Hg; P = NS). Likewise, no significant differences were found for nighttime values (mean [95% CI] DBP, 0.5 mm Hg [-3.7 to 4.7 mm Hg]; SBP, 1.5 mm Hg [-4.1 to 7.1 mm Hg]) or 24-hour values (DBP, -0.9 mm Hg [-4.8 to 2.9 mm Hg]; SBP, -1.6 mm Hg [-5.9 to 2.7 mm Hg]). Combination treatment was associated with a significantly higher rate of SBP responder patients (ie
- Published
- 2010
22. Central Sympathetic Inhibition: a Neglected Approach for Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias?
- Author
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Cagnoni F, Destro M, Bontempelli E, Locatelli G, Hering D, and Schlaich MP
- Subjects
- Animals, Denervation, Humans, Hypertension drug therapy, Kidney surgery, Sympathetic Nervous System physiopathology, Treatment Outcome, Arrhythmias, Cardiac therapy
- Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. Overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of comorbidities related to AF such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, obesity, insulin resistance, and obstructive sleep apnea. Methods that reduce sympathetic drive, such as centrally acting sympatho-inhibitory agents, have been shown to reduce the incidence of spontaneous or induced atrial arrhythmias, suggesting that neuromodulation may be helpful in controlling AF. Moxonidine acts centrally to reduce activity of the SNS, and clinical trials indicate that this is associated with a decreased AF burden in hypertensive patients with paroxysmal AF and reduced post-ablation recurrence of AF in patients with hypertension who underwent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Furthermore, device-based approaches to reduce sympathetic drive, such as renal denervation, have yielded promising results in the prevention and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. In light of these recent findings, targeting elevated sympathetic drive with either pharmacological or device-based approaches has become a focus of clinical research. Here, we review the data currently available to explore the potential utility of sympatho-inhibitory therapies in the prevention and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Blood pressure control and treatment adherence in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome: protocol of a randomized controlled study based on home blood pressure telemonitoring vs. conventional management and assessment of psychological determinants of adherence (TELEBPMET Study).
- Author
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Parati G, Omboni S, Compare A, Grossi E, Callus E, Venco A, Destro M, Villa G, Palatini P, Rosei EA, Scalvini S, Taddei S, Manfellotto D, Favale S, De Matteis C, Guglielmi M, Lonati L, Della Rosa F, Tosazzi E, Grandi AM, Maresca AM, Mongiardi C, Mare M, Ricci AR, Cagnoni F, Georgatos J, Besostri V, Ferrari V, Omodeo O, Dorigatti F, Bonso E, Guarnieri C, Muiesan L, Paini A, Stassaldi D, Cinelli A, Bernocchi P, Rocchi S, Magagna A, Ghiadoni L, Del Frate I, Boresi F, Guidi A, Re MA, Pellicciotti L, Florio A, Morani G, Di Lillo S, Ambrosio A, Casciello A, Quaglia M, Forleo C, Ardito MA, Gerunda S, and Panunzio M
- Subjects
- Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory, Humans, Hypertension physiopathology, Hypertension psychology, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Clinical Protocols, Hypertension drug therapy, Medication Adherence, Metabolic Syndrome physiopathology, Telemedicine
- Abstract
Background: Inadequate blood pressure control and poor adherence to treatment remain among the major limitations in the management of hypertensive patients, particularly of those at high risk of cardiovascular events. Preliminary evidence suggests that home blood pressure telemonitoring (HBPT) might help increasing the chance of achieving blood pressure targets and improve patient's therapeutic adherence. However, all these potential advantages of HBPT have not yet been fully investigated., Methods/design: The purpose of this open label, parallel group, randomized, controlled study is to assess whether, in patients with high cardiovascular risk (treated or untreated essential arterial hypertension--both in the office and in ambulatory conditions over 24 h--and metabolic syndrome), long-term (48 weeks) blood pressure control is more effective when based on HBPT and on the feedback to patients by their doctor between visits, or when based exclusively on blood pressure determination during quarterly office visits (conventional management (CM)). A total of 252 patients will be enrolled and randomized to usual care (n = 84) or HBPT (n = 168). The primary study endpoint will be the rate of subjects achieving normal daytime ambulatory blood pressure targets (< 135/85 mmHg) 24 weeks and 48 weeks after randomization. In addition, the study will assess the psychological determinants of adherence and persistence to drug therapy, through specific psychological tests administered during the course of the study. Other secondary study endpoints will be related to the impact of HBPT on additional clinical and economic outcomes (number of additional medical visits, direct costs of patient management, number of antihypertensive drugs prescribed, level of cardiovascular risk, degree of target organ damage and rate of cardiovascular events, regression of the metabolic syndrome)., Discussion: The TELEBPMET Study will show whether HBPT is effective in improving blood pressure control and related medical and economic outcomes in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome. It will also provide a comprehensive understanding of the psychological determinants of medication adherence and blood pressure control of these patients., Trial Registration: Clinical Trials.gov: NCT01541566.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Telmisartan: just an antihypertensive agent? A literature review.
- Author
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Destro M, Cagnoni F, Dognini GP, Galimberti V, Taietti C, Cavalleri C, and Galli E
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- Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers economics, Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers pharmacology, Animals, Antihypertensive Agents economics, Antihypertensive Agents pharmacology, Atrial Fibrillation prevention & control, Benzimidazoles economics, Benzimidazoles pharmacology, Benzoates economics, Benzoates pharmacology, Costs and Cost Analysis, Humans, Hypertension economics, Hypertension metabolism, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular prevention & control, Kidney Diseases prevention & control, Renin-Angiotensin System, Telmisartan, Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers therapeutic use, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Benzimidazoles therapeutic use, Benzoates therapeutic use, Hypertension drug therapy
- Abstract
Introduction: The modulation of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) is an important pathway in managing high blood pressure, and its overexpression plays a key role in target end-organ damage. Telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) with unique pharmacologic properties, including the longest half-life among all ARBs; this leads to a significant and 24-h sustained reduction of blood pressure. Telmisartan has well-known antihypertensive properties, but there is also strong clinical evidence that it reduces left ventricular hypertrophy, arterial stiffness and the recurrence of atrial fibrillation, and confers renoprotection., Areas Covered: This paper reviews telmisartan's pharmacological properties in terms of efficacy for hypertension control and, importantly, focuses on its new therapeutic indications and their clinical implications., Expert Opinion: ONTARGET (ongoing telmisartan alone and in combination with ramipril global endpoint trial) demonstrated, that telmisartan confers cardiovascular protective effects similar to those of ramipril, but with a better tolerability. Moreover, recent investigations focused on the capability of telmisartan to modulate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ), an established target in the treatment of insulin resistance, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, whose activation is also correlated to anti-inflammatory and, finally, anti-atherosclerotic properties. Telmisartan shows peculiar features that go beyond blood pressure control. It presents promising and unique protective properties against target end-organ damage, potentially able to open a scenario of new therapeutic approaches to cardiovascular disease.
- Published
- 2011
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25. [Integrated local health services for Alzheimer's disease in Umbria (Italy)].
- Author
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Amici S, Bauleo F, Cagnoni F, and Morini G
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Italy, Male, Quality of Health Care, Alzheimer Disease therapy, Delivery of Health Care, Integrated standards
- Abstract
To improve the quality of healthcare for patients affected by dementia (Alzheimer's and other types of dementia) and provide support to family caregivers, a health district in Umbria (Italy) has developed a network of social and health services integrated with third-sector and voluntary sector activities and has worked on addressing both the health and social needs of patients and their caregivers. In this article the authors describe the implemented activities which include educational activities, forming a self-help group for caregivers of Alzheimer patients, opening a counseling center and an outpatient clinic for Alzheimer's disease and cognitive disorders.
- Published
- 2011
26. Role of valsartan, amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide fixed combination in blood pressure control: an update.
- Author
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Destro M, Cagnoni F, D'Ospina A, Ricci AR, Demichele E, Peros E, Zaninelli A, and Preti P
- Subjects
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors therapeutic use, Blood Pressure drug effects, Calcium Channel Blockers therapeutic use, Clinical Trials as Topic, Drug Therapy, Combination methods, Humans, Valine therapeutic use, Valsartan, Amlodipine therapeutic use, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Hydrochlorothiazide therapeutic use, Hypertension drug therapy, Tetrazoles therapeutic use, Valine analogs & derivatives
- Abstract
The treatment of moderate or severe hypertension in most cases requires the contemporaneous use of multiple antihypertensive agents. The most available two-drug combinations have an agent that addresses renin secretion and another one that is statistically more effective in renin-independent hypertension. The practice of combining agents that counteract different mechanisms is the most likely explanation for the fact that most available two-drug combinations have an agent that addresses renin secretion (beta-blocker, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin II receptor blocker or direct renin inhibitor) and another one that is more effective in renin-independent hypertension (diuretic, dihydropyridine or non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker). Based on these considerations, addition of hydrochlorothiazide to the combination of an antagonist of the renin-angiotensin system with a calcium channel blocker would constitute a logical approach. Inclusion of a diuretic in the triple combination is based on the evidence that these agents are effective and cheap, enhance the effect of other antihypertensive agents, and add a specific effect to individuals with salt-sensitivity of blood pressure. The benefit of triple combination therapy with amlodipine, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide over its dual component therapies has been demonstrated, and the use of a single pill will simplify therapy resulting in better blood pressure control.
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- 2010
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27. New strategies and drugs in the treatment of hypertension: monotherapy or combination?
- Author
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Destro M, Cagnoni F, D'Ospina A, Ricci AR, Zaninelli A, and Preti P
- Subjects
- Antihypertensive Agents adverse effects, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, Clinical Trials as Topic, Drug Therapy, Combination, Humans, Hypertension physiopathology, Medication Adherence, Patents as Topic, Proteinuria drug therapy, Risk Factors, Antihypertensive Agents pharmacology, Blood Pressure drug effects, Hypertension drug therapy
- Abstract
Hypertension is one of the major risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases. A range of blood pressure-lowering agents is available including diuretics, alpha- and beta-blockers, aldosterone antagonists, calcium-channel blockers (CCB), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) and direct renin inhibitors (DRI). Most patients require two or more medications to control their blood pressures within normal ranges. When high blood pressure cannot be controlled by low-dose monotherapy, physicians employ either high-dose monotherapy or combination therapy. High-dose ARB monotherapy is more effective for reducing proteinuria against low-dose ARB monotherapy or CCBs. Combination therapy is recommended for hypertension patients to facilitate prompt maintenance of blood pressure. Single-pill combination therapy simplifies treatment and optimizes long-term compliance. Thiazide diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), alone or in combination are still widely used as first-line hypertension treatment. Recent studies have shown that double (CCB+ARBs) or triple (CCB+ARBs+HCTZ) combination therapies have a greater lowering efficacy and are better tolerated. Moreover, the use of DRIs has been patented and proven effective in selected categories of hypertensive patients with or without concomitant target organ damage (TOD).
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Olmesartan medoxomil: recent clinical and experimental acquisitions.
- Author
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Destro M, Preti P, D'Ospina A, Christian Achiri NN, Ricci AR, and Cagnoni F
- Subjects
- Antihypertensive Agents adverse effects, Antihypertensive Agents pharmacokinetics, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Imidazoles adverse effects, Imidazoles pharmacokinetics, Olmesartan Medoxomil, Tetrazoles adverse effects, Tetrazoles pharmacokinetics, Hypertension drug therapy, Imidazoles therapeutic use, Tetrazoles therapeutic use
- Abstract
Angiotensin II is a vasoactive hormone of the renin-angiotensin system and plays an important role in the pathophysiology of several organ damages. Angiotensin II receptor blockers have been shown to be effective in treating both hypertension and connected organ damages. It is well known that although the angiotensin II receptor blockers have structural and pharmacokinetic differences, few pharmacological differences separate them. One of these is the degree of binding to the angiotensin II receptor type 1 compared with the angiotensin II receptor type 2; olmesartan medoxomil exhibits more than a 12,500-fold greater affinity for the angiotensin II receptor type 1 receptor than for the angiotensin II receptor type 2, making it theoretically the second most potent agent. However, olmesartan's excellent receptor interaction is based on the combination of several specific pharmacokinetic factors. Potential advantages of this drug include once-daily dosing, a very low incidence of significant adverse reactions and/or events and a well-tolerated side effect profile. Nowadays, we have a lot of information about the pharmacology, antihypertensive efficacy and safety of olmesartan medoxomil, to further extend many clinical studies are still continuing to evaluate the potential benefits of high dosages and/or combination of this molecule.
- Published
- 2009
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- View/download PDF
29. Lung myofibroblasts as targets of salmeterol and fluticasone propionate: inhibition of alpha-SMA and NF-kappaB.
- Author
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Baouz S, Giron-Michel J, Azzarone B, Giuliani M, Cagnoni F, Olsson S, Testi R, Gabbiani G, and Canonica GW
- Subjects
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus drug effects, Albuterol pharmacology, Asthma metabolism, Asthma pathology, Cells, Cultured, Cytokines pharmacology, Fibroblasts pathology, Fluticasone, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Humans, Lung pathology, Myoblasts, Smooth Muscle pathology, Salmeterol Xinafoate, Actins biosynthesis, Adrenergic beta-Agonists pharmacology, Albuterol analogs & derivatives, Androstadienes pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Fibroblasts metabolism, Lung metabolism, Myoblasts, Smooth Muscle metabolism, NF-kappa B metabolism
- Abstract
Lung myofibroblasts play a major role in the pathophysiology of asthma, contributing not only to tissue remodelling but also to airway inflammation. Nevertheless, only recently, attention has been focused on these cells as potential targets for anti-allergic drugs. Herein, we analysed the pharmacological response of lung myofibroblasts to beta2-agonists associated or not to inhaled corticosteroids, investigating their effects on (i) the constitutive and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-induced expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), the main functional marker of myofibroblastic differentiation and contractility; (ii) isometric contraction and (iii) tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced nuclear translocation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). The beta2-agonist salmeterol (SMl) has on human lung myofibroblasts new direct anti-contractile/anti-inflammatory effects that are amplified by the combined use of low concentrations of the glucocorticoid fluticasone propionate (FP). First, SMl and/or FP (10(-12) M) inhibits the constitutive and TGF-beta-induced expression of alpha-SMA. Second, the two drugs block the TNF-alpha-induced nuclear translocation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-kappaB. Finally, SMl decreases TNF- alpha-induced production of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6. The complementary anti-inflammatory/ anti-contractile effects displayed by SMl and FP on lung myofibroblasts in vitro may be related to the improvement in lung function and symptom control obtained in vivo by the early use of low doses of glucocorticoids in combination with long-acting beta2-agonists.
- Published
- 2005
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30. CD40 on adult human airway epithelial cells: expression and proinflammatory effects.
- Author
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Cagnoni F, Oddera S, Giron-Michel J, Riccio AM, Olsson S, Dellacasa P, Melioli G, Canonica GW, and Azzarone B
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Asthma immunology, Asthma pathology, CD40 Antigens immunology, CD40 Antigens metabolism, CD40 Ligand metabolism, CD40 Ligand physiology, Cell Line, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin M metabolism, Immunohistochemistry, Inflammation Mediators immunology, Janus Kinase 3, Ligands, Male, Middle Aged, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases metabolism, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases physiology, Proteins physiology, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor physiology, Respiratory Mucosa enzymology, Respiratory Mucosa metabolism, Signal Transduction immunology, TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2, CD40 Antigens biosynthesis, CD40 Antigens physiology, Inflammation Mediators metabolism, Inflammation Mediators physiology, Respiratory Mucosa immunology, Respiratory Mucosa pathology
- Abstract
CD40/CD40 ligand interaction is an important pathway for B and T cell cooperation and function; functional CD40 molecules have recently been found on nonhematopoietic cells. We detected CD40 in vivo on normal human respiratory epithelial cells and showed that its expression is increased on inflamed airway epithelium. Subsequently, we analyzed its expression and function on primary cultures of human airway epithelial cells. Our data show that CD40 is up-regulated by IFN-beta and IFN-gamma, its ligation increases the surface expression of CD54 and CD106 and it may stimulate the release of IL-6 and IL-8. The use of Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) and NF-kappaB inhibitors suggests that both basal and CD40-induced release of the two cytokines is JAK3-dependent. Using colocalization techniques, we revealed the existence of CD40/JAK3 and CD40/TNFR-associated factor 2 interplay. The extent of these interactions may be partial (2-40% of the cells) or massive (80-90% of the cells) in cultured cells. Stimulation via CD40 causes a significant increase in the number of cells expressing colocalization only in the cultures displaying low frequency of initial colocalization. Thus, airway epithelial cells, activated by CD40, may behave as effector cells of the inflammation process and should be considered priority targets for anti-inflammatory therapy. This work identifies CD40 and the correlated JAK3 signaling molecule as potential molecular targets to block the inflammatory functions of epithelial cells.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Novel anti-inflammatory effects of the inhaled corticosteroid fluticasone propionate during lung myofibroblastic differentiation.
- Author
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Cazes E, Giron-Michel J, Baouz S, Doucet C, Cagnoni F, Oddera S, Körner M, Dasic G, Testi R, Azzarone B, and Canonica GW
- Subjects
- Actins analysis, Administration, Inhalation, Adult, Androstadienes administration & dosage, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, DNA-Binding Proteins physiology, Fibroblasts drug effects, Fibroblasts physiology, Fluticasone, Humans, Interleukin-13 pharmacology, Interleukin-4 pharmacology, Lung cytology, Microscopy, Confocal, NF-kappa B metabolism, Proteins physiology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, STAT3 Transcription Factor, TYK2 Kinase, Trans-Activators physiology, Androstadienes pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Lung drug effects, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
- Abstract
Asthma is characterized by an irreversible subepithelial fibrosis with the appearance of myofibroblasts, which can be now considered important early participants in inflammatory responses as well as potential targets for anti-inflammatory drugs. In this study, we show that fluticasone propionate (FP), a powerful inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), displays novel anti-inflammatory effects on human lung fibroblasts during their myofibroblastic differentiation. Indeed, FP inhibits in lung myofibroblasts, at a very early stage of differentiation, the activation of Janus kinase/STAT pathways induced by IL-13 (tyrosine kinase 2, STAT1, STAT3, STAT6, mitogen-activated protein kinase). Contrarily, in mildly or fully differentiated myofibroblastic cultures, FP still displays a potential anti-inflammatory activity even if it only inhibits tyrosine kinase 2 phosphorylation. Moreover, FP inhibits constitutive and TGF-beta-induced expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, the main marker of myofibroblastic differentiation, both in very early and in mild differentiated myofibroblasts. Finally, FP displays an additional powerful anti-inflammatory effect, decreasing nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB independent of the degree of myofibroblastic differentiation. These data 1) suggest that myofibroblasts are priority targets for ICS, which is able to revert them to a normal phenotype even if they appear to be already engaged in their differentiation, and 2) may help to explain why asthma is improved by an early ICS treatment, whereas advanced asthma is more resistant to these drugs.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Natural killer cells lyse autologous herpes simplex virus infected targets using cytolytic mechanisms distributed clonotypically.
- Author
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Pietra G, Semino C, Cagnoni F, Boni L, Cangemi G, Frumento G, and Melioli G
- Subjects
- Cells, Cultured, Clone Cells, Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Fibroblasts, Fluorescence, HLA-A Antigens analysis, HLA-B Antigens analysis, HLA-C Antigens analysis, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Killer Cells, Natural metabolism, Lymphocyte Activation, Receptors, Immunologic metabolism, Killer Cells, Natural immunology, Simplexvirus immunology
- Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells have the capability of lysing targets that have down-regulated the expression of HLA class I molecules. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection results in a profound reduction of HLA class I molecules on the surface of infected cells. For this reason, NK cell populations kill efficiently HSV-infected cells. The recent availability of a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed to NK receptors for HLA class I (CD158a, CD158b, anti-p70, anti-p140, and CD94) allowed an accurate dissection of the NK cell subpopulations. Using this approach, the relationship between the expression of NK cell receptors and the capability of lysing HSV-infected cell targets was analyzed at the clonal level. NK cell clones were derived from healthy donors, and cytolytic properties were assayed against HSV-infected autologous fibroblasts. NK cell clones, classified according to the expression of natural killer-cell receptors on their surface, displayed a great heterogeneity of cytolytic properties against HSV-infected cells. Nevertheless, a more accurate functional analysis demonstrated not only that HSV infection downregulated the expression of HLA-A and HLA-B and did not modify the expression of HLA-C, but also that NK cell clones expressing the "activating" form of the anti HLA-C NK cell receptor were more cytolytic than other clones. This finding suggests that two different and clonally distributed mechanisms of NK cell activation may be employed by NK cells to kill HSV-infected autologous target cells.
- Published
- 2000
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