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Background/Aim: Many studies have focused on assessing the effects of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) on the general population, but insufficient data concerning the impact on vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women, are available. The aim of this study was to compare the results of births before and during the pandemic in terms of maternal and newborn health and to determine the effect of the pandemic on such births. Methods: The population of this descriptive, retrospective cohort study consisted of women who gave birth in Sivas Cumhuriyet University Hospital Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic between 01.03.2019–31.08.2019 and 01.03.2020–31.08.2020. No sample selection was made. As birth characteristics, the total and average number of births per month, the week of birth, whether there was a preterm birth, and the mode of delivery were evaluated. Age, number of pregnancies and births were evaluated as maternal characteristics. The birth weight and height of the newborn, number of babies with low birth weight, presence of stillbirth, Apgar 0 and 5 minute scores, and birth complications were evaluated as birth outcomes. Countable data were expressed as numbers and percentages and measurement data as mean, standard deviation, and minimum and maximum values. Inter-period means were compared with the t-test, nominal data were compared with the chi-squared test, and P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: It was observed that a 22.1% increase in the number of births during the pandemic period (n = 685) occurred when compared with the pre-pandemic period (n = 561). The difference in the increase in the number of births in both periods was not statistically significant (P = 0.153). The birth patterns, gender of the newborns, and the birth rates, including low birth weights, were similar during both periods. Gravidity and parity averages and minimum–maximum values were similar in both periods. When the weeks of gestation at birth were compared, it was observed that births occurred in the months before the pandemic, on average, during earlier gestational weeks. The number of births with fetal anomalies and stillbirths were compared, and it was found that the number of cases seen in both periods were similar. Conclusion: In this study, the characteristics and results of the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods were found to be similar.

© 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.Objective/Aim: Endometrisosis, one of the most common gynecological disease, is characterized by the presence of endometriotic tissue outside of uterine cavity. The development and the validation of a simple blood biomarker specific and sensitive for endometriosis may facilitate the rapid and the accurate diagnosis of the disease and thus early treatment. Cytokeratin expression changes during epithelial differentiation and this expression is important for the modulation and the control of cell cycle regulation, tumor cell motility and apoptosis. Cytokeratin 19 (CK-19) is expressed in most simple epithelial cells and their malignant counterparts. The aim of this study is to investigate serum CK-19 expression levels in patients with endometriosis and to determine the diagnostic role of CK-19 levels in differentiating various stage of endometriosis. Methods: Ctytokeratin-19 expression and level were studied in 70 endometriosis patients and 50 volunteers by ELISA and RT-PCR. ROC analysis was performed by comparing all stages with each other and with the control group. Results: The CK-19 levels were significantly higher in the endometriosis groups than that of the control group by ELISA and RT-PCR. A significant (p

In patients with endometriosis, ectopic endometrial tissues can escape from immune system control and survive in other tissues. The pathophysiology of endometriosis is still not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to clarify the pathophysiology of endometriosis, which is thought to be a benign but infiltrative cancer type, which has many similarities with cancer biology by determining PD-1 expression in patients with endometriosis. In this study, n = 73 cases who underwent surgery or examination at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine and diagnosed as endometriosis in the biopsy material taken with the pre-diagnosis of endometriosis constituted the patient group. The control group consisted of n = 64 healthy subjects without concomitant malignancy or chronic inflammatory disease. Venous whole blood samples were obtained from the study groups. PD-1 and PD-L1 levels were determined by the ELISA method from serum and plasma samples. PD-1 gene expression level was determined by RT-PCR. The PD-1 level was found to be approximately 350 ± 150 ng/L and 45 ± 17 ng/L in endometriosis and control group, respectively. While the PD-L1 level was approximately 760 ± 108 ng/L in the patients, this level was 140 ± 14 ng/L in the controls. According to the RT-PCR results, the expression of the PD-1 gene 10 times higher compared to the controls. Conclusion: The identified increase of PD-1 levels and gene expression in endometriosis groups show that immunotherapy may be used in the treatment of endometriosis.

The Long chain Diol Index (LDI) is a relatively new organic geochemical proxy for sea surface temperature (SST), based on the abundance of the C30 1,15-diol relative to the summed abundance of the C28 1,13-, C30 1,13- and C30 1,15-diols. Here we substantially extend and re-evaluate the initial core top calibration by combining the original dataset with 172 data points derived from previously published studies and 262 newly generated data points. In total, we considered 595 globally distributed surface sediments with an enhanced geographical coverage compared to the original calibration. The relationship with SST is similar to that of the original calibration but with considerably increased scatter. The effects of freshwater input (e.g., river runoff) and long-chain diol contribution from Proboscia diatoms on the LDI were evaluated. Exclusion of core-tops deposited at a salinity Proboscia-derived C28 1,12-diol abundance, resulted in a substantial improvement of the relationship between LDI and annual mean SST. This implies that the LDI cannot be directly applied in regions with a strong freshwater influence or high C28 1,12-diol abundance, limiting the applicability of the LDI. The final LDI calibration (LDI = 0.0325 × SST + 0.1082; R2 = 0.88; n = 514) is not statistically different from the original calibration of Rampen et al. (2012) (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.01.024), although with a larger calibration error of 3 °C. This larger calibration error results from several regions where the LDI does not seem to have a strong temperature dependence with annual mean SST, posing a limitation on the application of the LDI

Absract Objective Endometriosis is defined by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma grow in areas outside the uterus. A simple blood test for endometriosis-specific biomarkers would offer a more timely accurate diagnosis of the disease and could lead to earlier treatment intervention. Alterations in microRNA (miRNA) levels in blood may reflect changes during normal physiologic processes and have been related to several pathologic conditions, including gynecologic diseases. In the present study, we aim to evaluate the level of serum miR-34a-5p and miR-200c from women with and without endometriosis, and to explore the potential of miRNAs as reliable non-invasive biomarkers in the diagnosis of endometriosis. Methods Expression levels of miRNAs were performed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Serum cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) levels were analyzed by autoanalyzer. Results miR-34a-5p expression levels were decreased and miR-200c expression levels were increased in the endometriosis patients compared to the control group. According to the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) values, miR-200c and miR-34a-5p may serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis of endometriosis. Serum miR-34a-5p and miR-200c had a sensitivity of 78.95 % and 100 % and a specificity of 49.12 % and 100 %, respectively, for the detection of endometriosis. Conclusion Serum miRNAs may provide a promising opportunity for diagnosis of endometriosis. Understanding the role of circulating miRNAs will serve a better comprehension of the systemic effects of endometriosis and offer options for new treatments. It is clear that more work is needed in this area.

WOS: 000452548200021, PubMed ID: 30488844, Aim: Although several associations were found between Dicer rs3742330 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and development and prognosis of some epithelial cancers, relationship between the SNP rs3742330 and endometrial cancer (EC) has not yet been studied. We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of rs3742330 SNP of Dicer gene in EC patients. Subjects and Methods: A total of 80 EC patients and 80 control subjects included in the study. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and the allele discrimination technique was used for genotyping of rs3742330 SNP. Results: There was no significant difference between EC patients and control subjects with regard to the genotype and allele frequencies for Dicer rs3742330 SNP (P > 0.05). Despite Dicer rs3742330 SNP had no prognostic value in terms of stage, grade, lymphovascular invasion, myometrial invasion, tumor size, and histopathology; malignant peritoneal cytology has been detected higher in the patients bearing AA genotype compare with AG genotype (P = 0.023). Higher recurrence rate and shorter time to recurrence were found in patients bearing AG and GG genotype compare with AA genotype (P = 0.009). Conclusion: Dicer rs3742330 AG and GG genotypes may have the potential to be used as a predictor of poor prognosis in the management of EC case., Scientific Research Project Fund of Cumhuriyet University [T-620], This work is supported by the Scientific Research Project Fund of Cumhuriyet University under the project number "T-620."

WOS: 000404297100006, PubMed ID: 29392059, Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between the results of the transient otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) test used in neonatal hearing screening and the results of the umbilical cord blood (UCB) analysis in neonates. Methods: This retrospective study included 209 neonates born in the obstetric unit at the 37th gestational week. Based on the results of the TEOAE test, the neonates included in the study were divided into two groups as the study group composed of those "REFER" (n=141) and the control group consisting those "PASS" (n=68) the test. The UCB sampling procedure was performed on all neonates. In the blood samples, the pH parameters were evaluated by using glass electrodes, and the pCO(2) and pO(2) parameters were evaluated directly by using sensitive electrodes. Results: When the additional maternal diseases were compared with the TEOAE results, the ratio of hypoth-yroidism was found to be statistically higher in the study group (p0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the results of UCB analysis and the TEOAE test. However, we believe that conducting a larger study evaluating other parameters and employing UCB analysis would be useful, and UCB evaluation, which is an inexpensive, easy and effective method in determining hypoxia in neonates, might be a significant marker in cases at risk of hearing loss.

WOS: 000393553000012, PubMed ID: 28190891, Introduction Mammalian target of rapamycin is a pathway to block apoptosis. Recent studies showed that the activity of mammalian target of rapamycin pathway increases in endometriotic lesions. Aim of the present study was to study the effect of everolimus agent, a rapamycin analog, in an experimental endometriosis model. Materials and Methods Endometriosis established by the autotransplantation of uterine tissue in the peritoneal cavity was confirmed in 24 rats. The animals were then randomly divided into three groups to receive either everolimus (1.5mg/kg/day, p.o.), anastrozole (0.004mg/day, p.o.), or normal saline (0.1mL, i.p.) for 14 days. Endometriotic foci were excised, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and endometriosis was scored semiquantitatively. In addition, immunohistochemical examination were performed using primary antibodies of vascular endothelial growth factor, CD117, and Bax. Results Both anastrozole and everolimus lowered endometriosis scores. Significant decreases in ovarian follicles were observed following anastrozole treatment but not everolimus treatment. Conclusion Through its apoptosis-promoting effect, everolimus suppressed endometriotic foci without negatively affecting ovarian reserve. These findings support the hypothesis that everolimus merits further study on the way to developing a new endometriosis drug.

WOS: 000403435800002, PubMed ID: 28001450, Objective: We aimed to compare the frequencies of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) 3A and CXCR4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and serum SDF-1 levels in patients with preeclampsia (PE).Methods: In total, 89 women with PE and 89 control women were included in the study. Genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method was used to measure serum SDF-1 level.Results: For SDF-1 3A SNP, the frequency of GA genotype, total number of GA and AA genotypes, and the A allele frequency was higher in PE patients than controls (p = 0.04, 0.023, and 0.029, respectively). For CXCR4 SNP, the frequency of CT genotype, total number of CT and TT genotypes, and the T allele frequency were higher in PE patients than controls (p = 0.04, 0.006, and 0.005, respectively). SDF-1 serum level was detected higher in preeclamptic women compared with controls (p = 0.001). In PE patients, there was no significant association between serum SDF-1 levels and genotypes of SDF-1 3A SNP. SDF-1 level was significantly higher in patients bearing CXCR4 CT genotype than CC genotype (p = 0.001). Furthermore, SDF-1 levels in patients bearing CT+TT genotype were found higher than that of patients with CC genotypes (p = 0.001).Conclusion: Results of our study suggest that SDF-1 3A and CXCR4 polymorphisms and elevated serum SDF-1 levels may have a role in the development of PE.

Aim The aim of this study was to determine ovarian reserve status using anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) level and antral follicle count (AFC) in patients with Sjogren's syndrome (SS). Methods Twenty-four women with SS diagnosed according to the classification criteria proposed by the American-European Consensus Group and 25 healthy women as controls were enrolled in this study. Ovarian reserve was assessed on clinical findings, AFC, and serum AMH and reproductive hormone levels. Results Compared with the healthy controls, in the SS patients, the duration of menstrual cycle was significantly shorter (P = 0.043); serum AMH (P = 0.001) and AFC (P = 0.001) were significantly lower, and serum luteinizing hormone (LH) was significantly higher (P = 0.019). The right (P = 0.555) and left ovarian (P = 0.386) volumes were also lower but this did not reach statistical significance. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (P = 0.327), estradiol (P = 0.241), and prolactin (P = 0.55) were similar between the two groups. Conclusions Ovarian reserve may be reduced in SS patients. For the assessment of ovarian reserve, serum AMH and ovarian AFC with serum LH may be useful. Further studies with long-term follow-up are required to determine the course of ovarian reserve abnormalities and best possible biomarkers of reduced ovarian reserve in SS patients.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic values of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in patients with preeclampsia. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of patients with documented preeclampsia and uncomplicated pregnancy was carried out. Two hundred and twelve women with preeclampsia, and 58 healthy pregnant women as controls were included in the study. NLR and MCV values were calculated from complete blood count analysis. RESULTS: White blood cell, NLR and MCV values were higher in the preeclamptic patients than those of the controls. The study groups had similar features with regard to the maternal age, gravidity, parity, and mode of delivery. Gestational age, newborn weight, and Apgar scores of the newborns were found lower in the preeclampsia group. CONCLUSION: NLR may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of preeclampsia. Large-scale prospective studies with categorized study groups according to the severity of preeclampsia need to be performed to determine the optimal NLR values useful for the assessment of severity of preeclampsia.

WOS: 000371187300030, PubMed ID: 26773307, Objective: Currently, medical and surgical treatment options for endometriosis are limited due to suboptimal efficacy, and also safety and tolerance issues. Long-term use of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs, androgenes, and the danazol, which are widely used drugs for endometriosis, is usually not possible due to their suboptimal safety and tolerance profile. The lack of an effective, tolerable and safe treatment option for endometriosis makes animal models of experimental endometriosis necessary to study candidate drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of imatinib on the experimental endometriosis in a rat model. Study design: Endometriosis was induced by autotransplantation of uterine tissue into the peritoneal cavity. Twenty-four rats, which had visually confirmed endometriotic implants on subsequent laparotomy, were randomized into three groups to receive imatinib (25 mg/kg/day, p.o.), anastrozole (0.004 mg/day, p.o.), or normal saline (0.1 mL, i.p.) for 14 days. After removal of endometriotic tissue and H & E staining, endometriosis score was determined according to a semiquantitative histological classification. Also, immunostaining with primary antibodies including VEGF, CD117, and Bax were used for immunohistochemical (IHC) examination. Results: Both anastrozole and imatinib suppressed the growth of endometriotic tissue and reduced the number of ovarian follicles. Although the difference was not statistically significant, imatinib was less effective than anastrozole for treatment of endometriosis. Conclusion: Imatinib effectively treats experimental endometriosis by its inhibitor effects on angiogenesis and cell proliferation. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Objective: Preeclampsia (PE) is a disease that characterized by hypertension and proteinuria during pregnancy. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are arachidonic acid metabolites which have vasodilatator, anti-inflammatory and profibrinolytic effects. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH; EC 3.3.3.2) catalyses the degradation of EETs to their inactive diols (DHETs). Low circulating levels of EETs may be related to high blood pressure in preeclampsia. The aim of this study is to determine the level of 11,12-DHETs, a representative metabolite of sEH-mediated metabolism of EET, in preeclamptic patients. Method: 11,12-DHET levels were measured by ELISA in plasma samples of 75 PE patients and 75 normotensive pregnant women as controls. Results : It was found that lasma 11,12-DHET levels of PE patients was significantly increased compared to the control group (p

WOS: 000436364300012, Background: Incisional hernia repairs are among common abdominal wall surgeries, can be primarily required or being reconstructed using a synthetic or biological material. Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating intra-abdominal adhesions and incisional site healing after the repair of abdominal wall by fresh amniotic membrane-coated polypropylene mesh in comparison to only polypropylene mesh in an experimental rat study. Methods: The study protocol was approved by Cumhuriyet University Institutional Ethics Committee for Animal Experiments (Sivas-Turkiye, date 24/06/2015). Sixteen pregnant female Wistar-Albino rats (mean weight, 275 g) were anesthetized on the 21st day of pregnancy and a 1-cm area of the abdominal wall was excised. The pregnancy was terminated, emerging amniotic membranes were dissected, and eight pieces of the 1-cm(2) polypropylene mesh were coated with these amniotic membranes without using any suture or adhesive. The polypropylene meshes were sutured on the abdominal wall of eight rats (control group), selected by simple random sampling. For the remaining eight rats, the same procedure was applied with the amniotic membrane-coated polypropylene meshes (experimental group). On the 28th postoperative day, the anterior abdominal wall was opened, and intra-abdominal adhesions were assessed macroscopically by Nair's adhesion scoring system. Strip-shaped biopsy samples were taken from incision lines for histopathological examination. Results: The experimental group had significantly less intra-abdominal adhesions (i.e. Nair's score of 2 to 4) compared to the control group (two and six rats, respectively; P= 0.046), and had significantly lower mean score for polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration (P = 0.039), hyperemia (P= 0.039), and epithelialization (P= 0.039). The score for increase in connective tissue (P = 0.018) was significantly higher in the experimental group, and the scores for edema (P= 0.590) and macrophage infiltration (P= 0.590) were similar between the two groups. Conclusions: The use of polypropylene mesh coated with fresh amniotic membrane provides advantage of decreasing postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions along with less inflammation and higher epithelialization after abdominal wall repair surgery.

WOS: 000432307500004, Objective: We aimed to compare the efficacies of laminaria, vaginal misoprostol, and mechanical dilator applications before surgical intervention with regard to the optimal cervical dilation and severity of pain in first-trimester pregnant women with missed abortion. Materials and Methods: The prospective study included a total of 103 patients with a diagnosis of missed abortion in the sixth-tenth gestational week randomly divided into 3 groups of 400 pg vaginal misoprostol. luminaria. or mechanical dilator applications for the dilation of the cervix before surgical intervention. The effects of laminaria and vaginal misoprostol on the cervical ripening for surgical intervention were evaluated using the Hegar test. Visual analog scale (VAS) values were evaluated during the first application, throughout the period of their applications, and after the surgical intervention. Results: The cervical dilation was found to be similar in the laminaria and vaginal application groups (p=0.64). During the first application. laminaria caused more pain than misoprostol but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.28). Throughout the period of application and after the surgical intervention. although there was less pain with respect to VAS values after laminaria application. this was not statistically significant (p=0.11). The VAS values after the surgical intervention was determined to be statistically higher after mechanical dilatation compared to other procedures (p=0.001). Conclusion: Laminaria provides cervical preparedness similar to intracervical misoprostol without increasing the side effects in the management of first-trimester pregnant women with missed abortion.

WOS: 000422713800026, PubMed ID: 26179772, AimTo compare ovarian reserve with anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, antral follicle counts (AFCs) and ovarian volume in patients with Behcet's disease (BD) and healthy subjects. MethodThis study included 35 women with BD (mean age: 34.45.3years) and 35 healthy controls (mean age: 34.16.0years). Venous blood samples collected from groups on menstrual cycle Days 2-4 were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E-2), prolactin (PRL) and AMH levels. The AFCs and ovarian volumes were estimated by ultrasonography on the same day. The body mass index (BMI), duration and severity of the disease, medications, and number of children were recorded. ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in the mean age, median gravida/para/abortus and the number of live births and mean BMI between the patient and control groups (P>0.05). No statistically significant difference in the median FSH, LH, E2, PRL levels, right and left ovarian volumes, and right and left ovarian AFCs was observed among the patients and the controls (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean AMH levels (P=0.468). Bonferroni correction showed no statistically significant correlation between AMH levels and age, BMI, FSH, LH, E2, PRL levels, right and left ovarian AFCs, right and left ovarian volume (P>0.025) among the controls and the patients. ConclusionOur study results suggest that ovarian reserve is preserved in patients with BD. In addition, AMH levels of the BD patients were similar to levels of healthy subjects.

WOS: 000406096700006, PubMed ID: 30375566, Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the sexual function of females with primary Sjgren's syndrome (pSS) in comparison to healthy females by using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Patients and methods: This case-control study included 31 female patients (mean age 46.0 +/- 10.2 years; range 30 to 68 years) with pSS and 27 healthy females (mean age 44.2 +/- 8.5 years; range 30 to 55 years) as control group. The sexual function of the participants was assessed by 19-item FSFI. Results: Mean duration of pSS in the patient group was 35.9 months (range 3 to 264 months). Significantly higher number of pSS patients reported positive history for vaginal infection compared to controls (n= 26, 83.9% vs n= 7, 25.9%, respectively; p< 0.001) without any difference in endocervical culture result. Cervical smear assessment revealed more inflammation and atrophy in patient group compared to control group (p= 0.001). Mean FSFI total score was significantly lower in patient group than control group (18.9 +/- 9.9 vs 25.1 +/- 5.1, respectively; p=0.004). Similarly, five out of six domains of FSFI-arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain-were significantly lower in patient group. FSFI total and subscale scores, except for pain, were found to be negatively correlated with duration of pSS. Conclusion: The pSS causes sexual dysfunction in female patients. Furthermore, as disease duration increases, female sexual function decreases. Clinical management of female patients with pSS should cover the assessment of their sexual functionality and taking the necessary precautions to maintain satisfactory quality of life and treatment outcome.

WOS: 000418577600006, PubMed ID: 29058492, Objective: In this study the association between K55R polymorphism, methylation level of the EPHX2 promoter region, and PE was investigated in 520 individuals including 260 PE patients and 260 healthy pregnant women.Methods: K55R polymorphism and methylation level of the EPHX2 promoter were determined by the real-time PCR using double-dye hydrolysis probes and methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting analysis, respectively.Results: The presence of the K55R polymorphism was significantly higher in cases (28.1%) than controls (17.3%), and was associated with increased risk of PE (OR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.09-2.63). Methylation levels of the EPHX2 promoter region in cases were significantly lower than controls. A 2.83 times increased PE risk was observed in pregnant women with EPHX2 promoter methylation levels of, Scientific Research Project Fund of Cumhuriyet University [T-551], This work was supported by the Scientific Research Project Fund of Cumhuriyet University (grant number T-551).

The aim of this study was to determine ovarian reserve status using anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) level and antral follicle count (AFC) in patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS).Twenty-four women with SS diagnosed according to the classification criteria proposed by the American-European Consensus Group and 25 healthy women as controls were enrolled in this study. Ovarian reserve was assessed on clinical findings, AFC, and serum AMH and reproductive hormone levels.Compared with the healthy controls, in the SS patients, the duration of menstrual cycle was significantly shorter (P = 0.043); serum AMH (P = 0.001) and AFC (P = 0.001) were significantly lower, and serum luteinizing hormone (LH) was significantly higher (P = 0.019). The right (P = 0.555) and left ovarian (P = 0.386) volumes were also lower but this did not reach statistical significance. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (P = 0.327), estradiol (P = 0.241), and prolactin (P = 0.55) were similar between the two groups.Ovarian reserve may be reduced in SS patients. For the assessment of ovarian reserve, serum AMH and ovarian AFC with serum LH may be useful. Further studies with long-term follow-up are required to determine the course of ovarian reserve abnormalities and best possible biomarkers of reduced ovarian reserve in SS patients.

WOS: 000400165900004, PubMed ID: 27278442, Objective: We aimed to determine the value of mean ovarian volume (OV) determined by three-dimensional in situ measurement of ovaries during cesarean delivery (CD) to assess the potential of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) evaluated by hormonal and ultrasonographic parameters 3 months after the cesarean delivery.Methods: Each ovary was measured underwent CD in three dimensions, and three months after CD, the mean OV, serum AMH, FSH, LH, and estradiol levels, and antral follicle count (AFC) values were recorded as well as other demographic and obstetric parameters.Results: After categorizing the study subjects as having a potential of DOR by the criteria of serum AMH

WOS: 000374178600001, PubMed ID: 27072780, Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, paraoxonase 1, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in women having early spontaneous preterm birth without clinical chorioamnionitis. Material/Methods: This study was prospectively administered in women referred to our obstetrics service with preterm labor that resulted in preterm birth (n=35) and term labor that ended in term birth (n=44). The maternal serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and paraoxonase 1 were measured and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was calculated. Results: The 25-hydroxyvitamin D and paraoxonase 1 levels of the preterm group were significantly lower than those of the term group (p

Cervico-isthmic pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy and is defined as the implantation of a fertilized ovum in the cervico-isthmic portion. The cause is unknown; local pathology related to previous cervical or uterine surgery may play a role, given an apparent association with a prior history of curettage or cesarean delivery. Transvaginal ultrasonography and β-human chorionic gonadotrophin assays are useful for diagnosis. Here we report a case of spontaneous twin cervico-isthmic pregnancy in a grand multiparous patient who was diagnosed early in the first trimester with transvaginal ultrasonography. The pregnancy was terminated successfully with methotrexate. Methotrexate seems to be most successful at early gestational ages.

Citation Yenicesu GI, Cetin M, Ozdemir O, Cetin A, Ozen F, Yenicesu C, Yildiz C, Kocak N. A prospective case–control study analyzes 12 thrombophilic gene mutations in Turkish couples with recurrent pregnancy loss. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 63: 126–136 Problem Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a heterogeneous disorder. The contribution of specific thrombophilic genes to the pathophysiology of RPL has remained controversial. We evaluated the prevalences of 12 thrombophilic gene mutations among homogenous Caucasian couples with RPL and fertiles. Method of study This was a prospective case–control study evaluating 272 women with RPL and 152 of their male partners, and a control group of 56 fertile couples. We investigated mutations including FV Leiden, factor V H1299R, factor II prothrombin G20210A, F XIII V34L, β-fibrinogen −455G>A, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, GPIIIa L33P (HPA-1 a/b L33P), MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, ACE I/D, Apo B R3500Q, and Apo E. Results Overall, heterozygous mutations of FV Leiden, FXIII V34L, GPIIIa L33P, Apo E4, and prothrombin G20210A and homozygous mutations of PAI-1and MTHFR C677T were associated with RPL. There was no meaningful association between RPL and other studied genes. Conclusion In contrast to the other mutations and polymorphisms, FV Leiden, FXIII V34L, GPIIIa L33P, Apo E, prothrombin G20210A, PAI-1 and MTHFR C677T gene mutations may help to identify the couples at risk for recurrent pregnancy loss.

WOS: 000375821000021, PubMed ID: 26851415, Study Objective: To evaluate serum values of cluster of differentiation 95 (CD95/FAS), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1 alpha), and tyrosine kinase receptor 2 (Tie-2) as possible biomarkers of disease presence and severity in women with endometriosis, and to characterize the changes in these values in women with stage I/II and stage III/IV endometriosis. Design: Prospective study (Canadian Task Force classification I). Setting: University hospital. Patients: Thirty women with endometriosis and 30 healthy women without endometriosis. Intervention: For the diagnosis of endometriosis and prediction of its severity, we measured the serum levels of CD95/FAS, which assess apoptotic conditions, and of HIF-1 alpha and Tie-2, which assess angiogenesis. Endometriosis was diagnosed and staged through surgical laparoscopy and later confirmed histologically. During the surgery, the patients with endometriosis were divided into 2 groups based on disease stage. Eleven patients had stage I/II endometriosis, and 19 had stage III/IV endometriosis. Measurements and Main Results: Endometriosis was associated with increased serum CD95/FAS and HIF-1 alpha levels, but not Tie-2 levels. We also determined that stage III/IV endometriosis was associated with higher serum CD95/FAS and HIF-1 alpha levels, but not Tie-2 levels, compared with stage I/II endometriosis. Conclusion: Endometriosis, in accordance with its severity, increases serum CD95/FAS and HIF-1 alpha levels, but not Tie-2 levels. These biomarkers may be useful for reproductive surgeons to improve the quality of counseling women about the presence and severity of endometriosis. (C) 2016 AAGL. All rights reserved.

SUMMARY The hematologic malignancies during pregnancy are rare and there is often a delay in diagnosis because of the similarity of symptoms to those of pregnancy. Therefore the management of disease necessitates many medical, psychological, social, and ethical problems for the patient and physician to deal with and a multidisciplinary approach of a medical team consisting of hematologist, obstetrician and pediatrician. Here, we present three cases of hematologic malignancies during pregnancy; acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that were admitted to our clinic with different clinical presentation. There is a need for measures to increase the awareness of health workers related to hematologic malignancies during antenatal care. Keywords: Pregnancy, acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma OZET Gebelik suresince hematolojik maligniteler nadirdir ve gebelik semptomlari ile benzer oldugundan dolayi siklikla tanida bir gecikme vardir. Bu yuzden, hasta ve hekim icin bir cok medikal, psikolojik, sosyal ve etik problemler ile basa cikmak icin hematoloji, kadin dogum ve pediatri uzmanlarini iceren medikal bir takimin multidisipliner yaklasimina gereksinim vardir. Burada gebeligi boyunca hematolojik malignite tanisi almis uc vakayi sunduk; fakli klinik tablo ile klinigimize kabul ettigimiz akut myeloid losemi, akut lenfoblastik losemi ve b hucreli non-hodgkin lenfoma. Dogum oncesi donem suresince hematolojik malignitelerde ilgili saglik calisanlarinin farkindaligini artirmak icin onlemlere ihtiyac vardir. Anahtar sozcukler: Gebelik, akut myeloid losemi, akut lenfoblastik losemi, non-hodgkin lenfoma

WOS: 000368301700009, PubMed ID: 26272687, Study Objective: To compare the effectiveness and safety of intracervical laminaria dilator versus intravaginal misoprostol administered before surgery to facilitate cervical dilation before operative hysteroscopy. Design: A prospective randomized study (Canadian Task Force classification 1). Setting: A university hospital. Patients: A total of 150 women were assigned at random to the following groups: laminaria dilation (n = 50), misoprostol dilation (n = 50), and mechanical dilation (n = 50). Interventions: Hysteroscopic surgery of intrauterine lesions. Measurements and Main Results: In this study, 150 women were assigned at random to receive cervical priming with an intracervical laminaria dilator, 200 mu g of intravaginal misoprostol, or a mechanical dilator before operative hysteroscopy. Cervical response, surgical outcome, and complications of operative hysteroscopy were assessed. Visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores were recorded in the misoprostol and laminaria dilation groups. Demographic variables of the study groups were comparable (p = .278.988). The duration of cervical pretreatment was similar with the intracervical larminaria dilator and intravaginal misoprostol (p = .803); however, intravaginal misoprostol was associated with more adverse effects (p = .031). Compared with the misoprostol dilation group, in which all patients required additional cervical dilation, notably fewer patients in the laminaria dilation group required additional cervical dilation after cervical preparation (p = .001). VAS pain scores were significantly higher in the laminaria dilation group, however (p = .001). Conclusion: Cervical priming with an intracervical laminaria dilator before operative hysteroscopy reduces the need for cervical dilation and better facilitates hysteroscopic surgery compared with intravaginal misoprostol. Oral analgesic use may be required before the use of this device. Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology (C) 2016 AAGL. All rights reserved.

WOS: 000368019200013, PubMed ID: 26138305, We aimed to compare the serum levels of ET-1, M30, and Angs-1 and -2 in patients with preeclampsia or HELLP syndrome, and normal controls. In this cross-sectional study of 74 pregnant women, serum levels of ET-1, M30, and Angs-1 and -2 were measured in preeclamptic patients with or without HELLP syndrome. 74 pregnant women; 37 had healthy pregnancies, 25 had preeclampsia (PE), and 12 had HELLP syndrome. The age, body mass index, gravidity, and parity of patients with normal pregnancy, PE, and HELLP syndrome were comparable (p > 0.05). In HELLP syndrome, compared to healthy or preeclamptic pregnancies, platelet count was lower (p < 0.05) and the values of hepatic function tests were higher (p < 0.05). In HELLP syndrome, ET-1, M30, and Ang-2 were higher compared to healthy or preeclamptic pregnancies (p < 0.05); however, they increased in preeclamptic pregnancies compared to healthy pregnancies though not significant (p > 0.05). In PE or HELLP syndrome, Ang-1 was higher compared to a healthy pregnancy (p < 0.05); however, in HELLP syndrome, it was also higher than in PE though not significant (p > 0.05). We found no significant correlation among these biomarkers and hematological and biochemical parameters (p > 0.05). For the diagnosis of HELLP syndrome, increased levels of ET-1, M30, and Angs-1 and -2 appear as promising biomarkers after determination of their standardized threshold levels after further studies. As an apoptosis-related biomarker, serum M30 level has a merit to be the most promising test for prediction or differential diagnosis of HELLP syndrome in PE patients., Our University Scientific Research and Projects Unit ["BAP": T-603], The study was funded by Our University Scientific Research and Projects Unit ("BAP": T-603).

WOS: 000363058900015, PubMed ID: 25963915, We aimed to compare the effects of pazopanib, sunitinib, and sorafenib on endometriotic tissue morphology and histological characteristics as well as ovarian reserve in a rat model. Experimental endometriosis was established in 32 rats. They were randomly divided into 4 groups (8 rats for each group) to administer study drugs: pazopanib, sunitinib, sorafenib, and normal saline. Histological examination with hematoxylin and eosin staining to determine endometriosis score and immunostaining with primary vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD117, and Bax antibodies were performed. Bilateral ovaries excised to determine the ovarian follicle number. The endometriosis score was significantly reduced by pazopanib compared to other study drugs and by sunitinib compared to sorafenib and normal saline (P < .05). Sorafenib did not affect endometriosis score (P > .05). The VEGF score was significantly decreased similarly by pazopanib, sunitinib, and sorafenib compared to normal saline (P < .05). The CD117 score was reduced by pazopanib and sunitinib similarly compared to both sorafenib and normal saline that provided similar effect on the score (P < .05). The Bax scores of all the groups were found similar (P > .05). No study drugs caused meaningful change in the ovarian follicle number (P > .05). Pazopanib reduces the growth of endometriotic implants. This effect may be related to the suppressive effect of pazopanib on the endometriotic tissue expressions of VEGF and CD117 but not Bax. The study drugs do not affect ovarian reserve. The inconsistent effects of study drugs regarding study parameters require further studies to elucidate the molecular bases of their effects on the growth of endometriotic implants.

WOS: 000354077600001, PubMed ID: 25927975, Background: We presented abdominal liposarcoma cases diagnosed and managed in a tertiary care center and also conducted a literature review on main features of this tumor. Methods: Chart reviews of eight cases were conducted, and clinical, surgical, histopathological, and follow-up data were recorded. Results: Overall, complete surgical resection was performed with adjacent organ resection in 25% of cases, and radiotherapy was not administered. Recurrence was developed in only one case and died after 2 years and 3 months, and other cases are under follow-up without recurrence. Histopatological examinations revealed findings of well-differentiated liposarcoma. Conclusions: According to our surgical experience, the surgical margin positivity may not be a determining factor for the survival of patients with well-differentiated liposarcoma, and in the absence of macroscopic invasion, adjacent organ resection may not be required. Radiotherapy may not be preferred when complete resection of abdominal mass was achieved.

WOS: 000214706400007, PubMed ID: 26064124, Objective. To investigate ovarian reserves in attack-free familial Mediterranean fever (AF-FMF) patients at the reproductive age by anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), ovarian volume, and hormonal parameters. Methods. Thirty-three AF-FMF patients aging 18-45 years and 34 healthy women were enrolled and FSH, LH, E2, PRL, and AMH levels were measured in the morning blood samples at 2nd-4th days of menstruation by ELISA. Concomitant pelvic ultrasonography was performed to calculate AFC and ovarian volumes. Results. In FMF patient group, median AMH levels were statistically significantly lower in the M69V mutation positive group than in the negative ones (P = 0.018). There was no statistically significant difference in median AMH levels between E148 Qmutation positive patients and the negative ones (P = 0.920). There was also no statistically significant difference in median AMH levels between M680I mutation positive patients and the negative ones (P = 0.868). No statistically significant difference was observed in median AMH levels between patients who had at least one mutation and those with no mutations (P = 0.868). We realized that there was no difference in comparisons between ovarian volumes, number of follicles, and AMH levels ovarian reserves when compared with FMF patients and healthy individuals. Conclusions. Ovarian reserves of FMF pateints were similar to those of healthy subjects according to AMH. However, AMH levels were lower in FMF patients with M694V mutation.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours are benign lesions most commonly located in the lungs, abdominal origin is rare. As differentiation from malignant conditions can be difficult on clinical grounds alone, pathological examination is essential. We report a patient with an abdominal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour in whom the diagnosis could be made by laparotomy and pathological examination.

ÖzetSezaryen skar gebeliği konseptusun sezaryen skarındaki myometriyuma yerleşmesidir. Hayatı tehdit eden durum olup ektopik gebeliğin yanlış tanısı, hastanın önemli oranda morbidite ve mortalitesine neden olabilir. Laparatomik veya laparoskopik trofoblastik doku çıkarılması, sistemik veya lokal metotreksat verilmesi, dilatasyon küretaj ve uterin arter embolizasyonu gibi birçok tedavi yaklaşımı vardır. Kliniğimize başvuran, iki sezaryen skar gebeliğinde farklı iki tedavi yöntemi olan histerotomiyle ve sistemik metotreksat la tedavisini ve sonuçlarını sunduk.Anahtar sözcükler: Sezaryen skar gebeliği, ektopik gebelik, tedavi AbstractCaesarean scar pregnancy conceptus implants in the myometrium at the site of a cesarean section scar. It is potentially life-threatening condition. Misdiagnosis of ectopic pregnancy can result in significant patient morbidity and mortality. Many therapeutic options are available such as dilatation and curettage, local or systemically administered methotrexate, excision of trophoblastic tissues using either laparotomy or laparoscopy and uterine artery embolization. We showed to present a case of cesarean scar pregnancy that was managed by sistemik methotrexate and hysterotomy.Keywords: Caesarean scar pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, treatment, Sezaryen skar gebeliği konseptusun sezaryen skarındaki myometriyuma yerleşmesidir. Hayatı tehdit eden durum olup ektopik gebeliğin yanlış tanısı, hastanın önemli oranda morbidite ve mortalitesine neden olabilir. Laparatomik veya laparoskopik trofoblastik doku çıkarılması, sistemik veya lokal metotreksat verilmesi, dilatasyon küretaj ve uterin arter embolizasyonu gibi birçok tedavi yaklaşımı vardır. Kliniğimize başvuran, iki sezaryen skar gebeliğinde farklı iki tedavi yöntemi olan histerotomiyle ve sistemik metotreksat la tedavisini ve sonuçlarını sunduk

The normal endometrium changes after implantation of an embryo. Decidua is the term for the endometrium during a pregnancy, which is formed under the influence of progesterone as the maternal part of the placenta. It has a histologically distinct appearance, displaying large polygonal decidual cells in the stroma. These are enlarged endometrial stromal cells, which resemble epithelium. Interaction of decidua and trophoblasts causes many physiologic and pathopysiologic changes in the uterine cavity. Imaging of decidua and trophoblastic tissues by ultrasound is an important aspect of diagnostic workout in obstetrics and gynecology. Keywords: Decidua, endometrium, placenta, pregnancy, ultrasonography, imaging Ozet Desidua ve gestasyonel neoplazi: derleme Normal endometrium embriyonun implantasyonundan sonra degisir. Progesteron etkisi altinda plasentanin anne tarafini olusturan endometriuma gebelikte desidua denir. Stromasinda buyuk poligonal hucreler olmasi karakteristik ozelligidir. Bu hucreler epitele benzeyen buyumus endometrial stromal hucrelerdir. Desidua ve trofoblastlarin iliskisi uterin kavited bircok fizyolojik ve patofizyolojik degisiklige neden olur. Jinekoloji ve dogum biliminin klinik uygulamasinda ultrasonografi ile desidua ve trofoblastik dokularin goruntulenmesi tanisal islemlerin onemli bir kismini olusturur. Anahtar sozcukler: Desidua, endometrium, plasenta, gebelik, ultrasonografi, goruntuleme

In this paper an uncooled infrared camera with embedded target detection and tracking capability is presented. The camera is built upon four main electronic cards. Sensor card is designed to read and digitize the analog output signal generated by the infrared (IR) imaging sensor. FPGA card carries out the control process of the data transfer between sensor card and other peripherals. Target detection/tracking task is on the row image data provided by the FPGA card is carried out on the DSP card. Frame thresholding and differencing methods are used for target detection. Kalman filter is utilized for target tracking. According to the experimental results, camera is capable of performing target detection and tracking tasks in real time.

WOS: 000293434100019, PubMed ID: 21805429, Lymphangiomas are rare benign congenital malformations of the lymphatic system. Clinical presentation varies from asymptomatic masses to acute abdominal pain. A 25-year-old female who presented with acute onset of abdominal distension and severe pelvic pain is presented. As a palpable mass was found on the pelvic examination and ultrasonography demonstrated a hypoechoic cystic mass, an ovarian malignancy was suspected. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and revealed cystic lymphangioma of the sigmoid colon. The clinical, radiological and pathological findings of the patient are discussed with a brief review of the literature.

WOS: 000299202800002, Objective: To determine the effect of withdrawal of ovarian hormones on the occurrence of absence seizures in WAG/Rij rats, a well-validated animal model for absence epilepsy. Methods: Two weeks after electroencephalography (EEG) electrodes were implanted, video-EEG recordings of 16 adult female WAG/Rij rats were made. The rats were then randomly assigned to undergo ovariectomy or sham surgery. One week after surgical procedures, EEG recordings were made for five consecutive days. The EEGs were amplified and filtered between 1 and 100 Hz and digitized at 200 Hz. Results: In the ovariectomy group, both duration and the number of spike-wave discharges increased. Conclusion: The present data suggest that ovariectomy enhances the occurrence of spike-wave discharges and absence seizures in WAG/Rij rats. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a heterogeneous disorder. The contribution of specific thrombophilic genes to the pathophysiology of RPL has remained controversial. We evaluated the prevalences of 12 thrombophilic gene mutations among homogenous Caucasian couples with RPL and fertiles.of study This was a prospective case-control study evaluating 272 women with RPL and 152 of their male partners, and a control group of 56 fertile couples. We investigated mutations including FV Leiden, factor V H1299R, factor II prothrombin G20210A, F XIII V34L, beta-fibrinogen -455GA, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, GPIIIa L33P (HPA-1 a/b L33P), MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, ACE I/D, Apo B R3500Q, and Apo E.Overall, heterozygous mutations of FV Leiden, FXIII V34L, GPIIIa L33P, Apo E4, and prothrombin G20210A and homozygous mutations of PAI-1and MTHFR C677T were associated with RPL. There was no meaningful association between RPL and other studied genes.In contrast to the other mutations and polymorphisms, FV Leiden, FXIII V34L, GPIIIa L33P, Apo E, prothrombin G20210A, PAI-1 and MTHFR C677T gene mutations may help to identify the couples at risk for recurrent pregnancy loss.

International audience; Spindle- or lemon-shaped viruses infect archaea in diverse environments. Due to the highly pleomorphic nature of these virions, which can be found with cylindrical tails emanating from the spindle-shaped body, structural studies of these capsids have been challenging. We have determined the atomic structure of the capsid of Sulfolobus monocaudavirus 1, a virus that infects hosts living in nearly boiling acid. A highly hydrophobic protein, likely integrated into the host membrane before the virions assemble, forms 7 strands that slide past each other in both the tails and the spindle body. We observe the discrete steps that occur as the tail tubes expand, and these are due to highly conserved quasiequivalent interactions with neighboring subunits maintained despite significant diameter changes. Our results show how helical assemblies can vary their diameters, becoming nearly spherical to package a larger genome and suggest how all spindle-shaped viruses have evolved from archaeal rod-like viruses.

Different forms of viruses that infect archaea inhabiting extreme environments continue to be discovered at a surprising rate, suggesting that the current sampling of these viruses is sparse. We describe here Sulfolobus filamentous virus 1 (SFV1), a membrane-enveloped virus infecting Sulfolobus shibatae. The virus encodes two major coat proteins which display no apparent sequence similarity with each other or with any other proteins in databases. We have used cryo-electron microscopy at 3.7 Å resolution to show that these two proteins form a nearly symmetrical heterodimer, which wraps around A-form DNA, similar to what has been shown for SIRV2 and AFV1, two other archaeal filamentous viruses. The thin (∼ 20 Å) membrane of SFV1 is mainly archaeol, a lipid species that accounts for only 1% of the host lipids. Our results show how relatively conserved structural features can be maintained across evolution by both proteins and lipids that have diverged considerably., Only a few archaeal filamentous viruses have been structurally characterized. Here the authors describe the membrane-enveloped Sulfolobus filamentous virus 1 that infects Sulfolobus shibatae and present its 3.7 Å resolution cryo-EM structure, which reveals that major coat proteins are structurally conserved among archaeal filamentous viruses.