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Let $G$ be a finite group. In the first part of the paper we develop further the foundations of the youngly introduced glider representation theory. Glider representations encompass filtered modules over filtered rings and as such carry much information of $G$. Therefore the main focus is on the glider representation ring $R_d(\widetilde{G})$, which is shown to be realisable as a concrete subring of the split Grothendieck ring of the monoidal category $\text{glid}_d(G)$ of (Noetherian) glider $\mathbb{C}$-representations of (length $d$) of $G$. In the second part we investigate a Wedderburn-Malcev type decomposition of the (infinite-dimensional) $\mathbb{Q}$-algebra $\mathbb{Q}(\widetilde{G}) := \mathbb{Q} \otimes_{\mathbb{Z}}R_1(\widetilde{G})$. The main theorem obtains a $\mathbb{Q}[G^{ab}]$-module decomposition of $\mathbb{Q}(\widetilde{G})$ relating it in a precise way to $\mathbb{C}$-representation theory of subnormal subgroups in $G$. Under certain vanishing assumptions, which are proven to hold for nilpotent groups (of class $2$), the second main theorem completely describes a $\mathbb{Q}[G^{ab}]$-algebra decomposition. We end with pointing out applications on distinguishing isocategorical groups., Comment: v2: the paper has been strongly rewritten. Among others, the main decomposition results have been improved but also new results have been added. In particular section 3 and 6 are fully new. 41 pages

The glider Brauer-Severy variety GBS(A) of a central simple algebra A over a field K is introduced as the set of all irreducible left glider ideals in A for some filtration FA. For fields we deduce that GBS(K) equals R(K) x Z, the product of the Riemann surface of K and the ring of integers Z. For a csa A over K it turns out that GBS(A) = BS(A) x GBS(K), where BS(A) denotes the classical Brauer-Severi variety of A., Comment: 24 pages, submitted for publication

We consider the category of comodules over a smash coproduct coalgebra $C\smashco H$. We show that there is a Grothendieck spectral sequence connecting the derived functors of the Hom functors coming from $C\smashco H$-colinear, $H$-colinear and rational $C$-colinear morphisms. We give several applications and connect our results to existing spectral sequences in the literature., Comment: 15 pages

Glider representations can be defined for a finite algebra filtration FKG determined by a chain of subgroups 1 < G_1 < ... < G_d = G. In this paper we develop the generalized character theory for such glider representations. We give the generalization of Artin's theorem and define a generalized inproduct. For finite abelian groups G with chain 1 < G, we explicitly calculate the generalized character ring and compute its semisimple quotient. The papers ends with a discussion of the quaternion group as a first non-abelian example., Comment: 21 pages, accepted for publication in Algebras and Representation Theory

Descent theory for linear categories is developed. Given a linear category as an extension of a diagonal category, we introduce descent data, and the category of descent data is isomorphic to the category of representations of the diagonal category, if some flatness assumptions are satisfied. Then Hopf-Galois descent theory for linear Hopf categories, the Hopf algebra version of a linear category, is developed. This leads to the notion of Hopf-Galois category extension. We have a dual theory, where actions by dual linear Hopf categories on linear categories are considered. Hopf-Galois category extensions over groupoid algebras correspond to strongly graded linear categories., Comment: 38 pages

We start the study of glider representations in the setting of semisimple Lie algebras. A glider representation is defined for some positively filtered ring $FR$ and here we consider the right bounded algebra filtration $FU(\mathfrak{g})$ on the universal enveloping algebra $U(\mathfrak{g})$ of some semisimple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ given by a fixed chain of semisimple sub Lie algebras $\mathfrak{g}_1 \subset \mathfrak{g}_2 \subset \ldots \subset \mathfrak{g}_n = \mathfrak{g}$. Inspired by the classical representation theory, we introduce so-called Verma glider representations. Their existence is related to the relations between the root systems of the appearing Lie algebras $\mathfrak{g}_i$. In particular, we consider chains of simple Lie algebras of the same type $A,B,C$ and $D$., Comment: 24 pages

Entwined modules over cowreaths in a monoidal category are introduced. They can be identified to coalgebras in an appropriate monoidal category. It is investigated when such coalgebras are Frobenius (resp. separable), and when the forgetful functor from entwined modules to representations of the underlying algebra is Frobenius (resp. separable). These properties are equivalent when the unit object of the category is a $\otimes$-generator., Comment: 34 pages

We continue the study of glider representations of finite groups $G$ with given structure chain of subgroups $e \subset G_1 \subset \ldots \subset G_d = G$. We give a characterization of irreducible gliders of essential length $e \leq d$ which in the case of $p$-groups allows to prove some results about classical representation theory. The paper also contains an introduction to generalized character theory for glider representations and an extension of the decomposition groups in the Clifford theory. Furthermore, we study irreducible glider representations for finite nilpotent groups., Comment: 18 pages Erratum fixed: the result in Corollary 3.17 is only valid for H a maximal normal subgroup

Classical Clifford theory studies the decomposition of simple $G$-modules into simple $H$-modules for some normal subgroup $H \triangleleft G$. In this paper we deal with chains of normal subgroups $1 \triangleleft G_1 \triangleleft \cdots \triangleleft G_d =G$, which allow to consider fragments and in particular glider representations. These are given by a descending chain of vector spaces over some field $K$ and relate different representations of the groups appearing in the chain. Picking some normal subgroup $H \triangleleft G$ one obtains a normal subchain and one can construct an induced fragment structure. Moreover, a notion of irreducibility of fragments is introduced, which completes the list of ingredients to perform a Clifford theory., Comment: 15 pages. There was an erratum at the beginning of section 4. This could be omitted without further consequences to the results in the paper. To appear in Algebras and Representation Theory

The notion of a glider representation of a chain of normal subgroups of a group is defined by a new structure, i.e. a fragment for a suitable filtration on the group ring. This is a special case of general glider representations defined for a positively filtered ring $R$ with filtration $FR$ and subring $S = F_0R$. Nice examples appear for chains of groups, chains of Lie algebras, rings of differential operators on some variety or $V$-gliders for $W$ for algebraic varieties $V$ and $W$. This paper aims to develop a scheme theory for glider representations via the localizations of filtered modules. With an eye to noncommutative geometry we allow schemes over noncommutative rings with particular attention to so-called almost commutative rings. We consider particular cases of $\mathrm{Proj}~ R$ (e.g. for some P.I. ring $R$) in terms of prime ideals, $R$-tors in terms of torsion theories and $\underline{\mathcal{W}}(R)$ in terms of a noncommutative Grothendieck topology based on words of Ore set localizations., Comment: 32 pages

We introduce Hopf categories enriched over braided monoidal categories. The notion is linked to several recently developed notions in Hopf algebra theory, such as Hopf group (co)algebras, weak Hopf algebras and duoidal categories. We generalize the fundamental theorem for Hopf modules and some of its applications to Hopf categories., Comment: 47 pages; final version to appear in Algebras and Representation Theory

Let $A$ be an algebra in a monoidal category $\Cc$, and let $X$ be an object in $\Cc$. We study $A$-(co)ring structures on the left $A$-module $A\ot X$. These correspond to (co)algebra structures in $EM(\Cc)(A)$, the Eilenberg-Moore category associated to $\Cc$ and $A$. The ring structures are in bijective correspondence to wreaths in $\Cc$, and their category of representations is the category of representations over the induced wreath product. The coring structures are in bijective correspondence to cowreaths in $\Cc$, and their category of corepresentations is the category of generalized entwined modules. We present several examples coming from (co)actions of Hopf algebras and their generalizations. Various notions of smash products that have appeared in the literature appear as special cases of our construction., Comment: 34 pages; to appear in Algebras Represent. Theory

Let $A$ be an algebra over a commutative ring $k$. It is known that the categories of non-commutative descent data, of comodules over the Sweedler canonical coring, of right $A$-modules with a flat connection are isomorphic as braided monoidal categories to the center of the category of $A$-bimodules. We prove that the braiding on these categories is unique if there exists a $k$-linear unitary map $E : A \to Z(A)$. This condition is satisfied if $k$ is a field or $A$ is a commutative or a separable algebra., Comment: 9 pages, submitted

A.S. Dugas and R. Mart\'{i}nez-Villa proved in \cite[Corollary 5.1]{dm} that if there exists a stable equivalence of Morita type between the $k$-algebras $\Lambda$ and $\Gamma$, then it is possible to replace $\Lambda$ by a Morita equivalent $k$-algebra $\Delta$ such that $\Gamma$ is a subring of $\Delta$ and the induction and restriction functors induce inverse stable equivalences. In this note we give an affirmative answer to a question of Alex Dugas about the existence of a $\Gamma$-coring structure on $\Delta$. We do this by showing that $\Delta$ is a Frobenius extension of $\Gamma$., Comment: 4 pages, to appear in Annals Univ. Bucharest

We discuss when the Rat functor associated to a coring satisfying the left $\alpha$-condition is exact. We study the category of comodules over a semiperfect coring. We characterize semiperfect corings over artinian rings and over qF-rings., Comment: 18 pages

Let $A$ and $B$ be algebras and coalgebras in a braided monoidal category $\Cc$, and suppose that we have a cross product algebra and a cross coproduct coalgebra structure on $A\ot B$. We present necessary and sufficient conditions for $A\ot B$ to be a bialgebra, and sufficient conditions for $A\ot B$ to be a Hopf algebra. We discuss when such a cross product Hopf algebra is a double cross (co)product, a biproduct, or, more generally, a smash (co)product Hopf algebra. In each of these cases, we provide an explicit description of the associated Hopf algebra projection., Comment: 46 pages

Let $A$ be an algebra over a commutative ring $k$. We compute the center of the category of $A$-bimodules. There are six isomorphic descriptions: the center equals the weak center, and can be described as categories of noncommutative descent data, comodules over the Sweedler canonical $A$-coring, Yetter-Drinfeld type modules or modules with a flat connection from noncommutative differential geometry. All six isomorphic categories are braided monoidal categories: in particular, the category of comodules over the Sweedler canonical $A$-coring $A \ot A$ is braided monoidal. We provide several applications: for instance, if $A$ is finitely generated projective over $k$ then the category of left End_k(A)$-modules is braided monoidal and we give an explicit description of the braiding in terms of the finite dual basis of $A$. As another application, new families of solutions for the quantum Yang-Baxter equation are constructed: they are canonical maps $\Omega$ associated to any right comodule over the Sweedler canonical coring $A \ot A$ and satisfy the condition $\Omega^3 = \Omega$. Explicit examples are provided., Comment: 14 pages; to appear in J. Algebra Appl

Let $A$ be an algebra over a commutative ring $k$. We prove that braidings on the category of $A$-bimodules are in bijective correspondence to canonical R-matrices, these are elements in $A\ot A\ot A$ satisfying certain axioms. We show that all braidings are symmetries. If $A$ is commutative, then there exists a braiding on ${}_A\Mm_A$ if and only if $k\to A$ is an epimorphism in the category of rings, and then the corresponding $R$-matrix is trivial. If the invariants functor $G = (-)^A:\{}_A\Mm_A\to \Mm_k$ is separable, then $A$ admits a canonical R-matrix; in particular, any Azumaya algebra admits a canonical R-matrix. Working over a field, we find a remarkable new characterization of central simple algebras: these are precisely the finite dimensional algebras that admit a canonical R-matrix. Canonical R-matrices give rise to a new class of examples of simultaneous solutions for the quantum Yang-Baxter equation and the braid equation., Comment: 12 pages; final version, to appear in Appl. Cat. Structures

Using the machinery provided by a Frobenius algebra we show how the antipode of a quasi-Hopf algebra $H$ carries out left or right cointegrals for $H$. These formulas will allow us to find out the explicit form of an integral and a cointegral for the quantum double $D(H)$ of $H$ in terms of those of $H$, and so to answer to a conjecture of Hausser and Nill raised at the end of the nineties., Comment: 29 pages, to appear in J. Algebra

We study monoidal structures on the category of (co)modules over a weak bialgebra. Results due to Nill and Szlach\'anyi are unified and extended to infinite algebras. We discuss the coalgebra structure on the source and target space of a weak bialgebra., Comment: 23 pages, to appear in Comm. Algebra

Let $B$ be a bialgebra, and $A$ a left $B$-comodule algebra in a braided monoidal category $\Cc$, and assume that $A$ is also a coalgebra, with a not-necessarily associative or unital left $B$-action. Then we can define a right $A$-action on the tensor product of two relative Hopf modules, and this defines a monoidal structure on the category of relative Hopf modules if and only if $A$ is a bialgebra in the category of left Yetter-Drinfeld modules over $B$. Some examples are given., Comment: 17 pages

We study Doi-Hopf data and Doi-Hopf modules for Hopf group-coalgebras. We introduce modules graded by a discrete Doi-Hopf datum; to a Doi-Hopf datum over a Hopf group coalgebra, we associate an algebra graded by the underlying discrete Doi-Hopf datum, using a smash product type construction. The category of Doi-Hopf modules is then isomorphic to the category of graded modules over this algebra. This is applied to the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over a Hopf group coalgebra, leading to the construction of the Drinfeld double. It is shown that this Drinfeld double is a quasitriangular graded Hopf algebra., Comment: 34 pages

We associate two linear categories with two objects to a module over the subalgebra of coinvariants of a Hopf-Galois extension, and prove that they are isomorphic. The structure Theorem for cleft extensions, and the Militaru \cStefan lifting Theorem can be obtained using these isomorphisms., Comment: 21 pages

Let $k$ be a field, $k^*=k\setminus\{0\}$ and $C_2$ the cyclic group of order 2. In this note we compute all the braided monoidal structures on the category of $k$-vector spaces graded by the Klein group $C_2\times C_2$. Actually, for the monoidal structures we will compute the explicit form of the 3-cocycles on $C_2\times C_2$ with coefficients in $k^*$, while for the braided monoidal structures we will compute the explicit form of the abelian 3-cocycles on $C_2\times C_2$ with coefficients in $k^*$. In particular, this will allow us to produce examples of quasi-Hopf algebras and weak braided Hopf algebras, out of the vector space $k[C_2\times C_2]$., Comment: 22 pages

Hom-structures (Lie algebras, algebras, coalgebras, Hopf algebras) have been investigated in the literature recently. We study Hom-structures from the point of view of monoidal categories; in particular, we introduce a symmetric monoidal category such that Hom-algebras coincide with algebras in this monoidal category, and similar properties for coalgebras, Hopf algebras and Lie algebras., Comment: 25 pages; extended version: compared to the version that appeared in Comm. Algebra, the Section Preliminary Results and Remarks 5.1 and 6.1 have been added

Let $H$ be a Hopf algebra, and $A$ an $H$-Galois extension. We investigate $H$-Morita autoequivalences of $A$, introduce the concept of $H$-Picard group, and we establish an exact sequence linking the $H$-Picard group of $A$ and the Picard group of $A^{{\rm co}H}$., Comment: 35 pages; to appear in J. Algebra

We describe a simplified categorical approach to Galois descent theory. It is well known that Galois descent is a special case of Grothendieck descent, and that under mild additional conditions the category of Grothendieck descent data coincides with the Eilenberg-Moore category of algebras over a suitable monad. This also suggests using monads directly, and our monadic approach to Galois descent makes no reference to Grothendieck descent theory at all. In order to make Galois descent constructions perfectly clear, we also describe their connections with some other related constructions of categorical algebra, and make various explicit calculations, especially with 1-cocycles and 1-dimensional non-abelian cohomology, usually omitted in the literature., Comment: 25 pages

We introduce strong group coalgebras, as a generalization of strongly graded coalgebras. We give several characterizations, and study two special types of strong group coalgebras, namely cleft group algebras (or crossed coproduct group coalgebras) and smash coproduct group coalgebras., Comment: 16 pages

We introduce and investigate the basic properties of an involutory (dual) quasi-Hopf algebra. We also study the representations of an involutory quasi-Hopf algebra and prove that an involutory dual quasi-Hopf algebra with non-zero integral is cosemisimple., Comment: 26 pages

We introduce group corings, and study functors between categories of comodules over group corings, and the relationship to graded modules over graded rings. Galois group corings are defined, and a Structure Theorem for the $G$-comodules over a Galois group coring is given. We study (graded) Morita contexts associated to a group coring. Our theory is applied to group corings associated to a comodule algebra over a Hopf group coalgebra., Comment: 38 pages

We introduce partial (co)actions of a Hopf algebra $H$ on an algebra. To this end, we introduce first the notion of lax coring, generalizing Wisbauer's notion of weak coring. We also have the dual notion of lax ring. Several duality results are given, and we develop Galois theory for partial $H$-comodule algebras., Comment: 22 pages

Let $H$ be a Hopf algebra, and $A,B$ be $H$-Galois extensions. We investigate the category ${}_A\mathcal{M}_B^H$ of relative Hopf bimodules, and the Morita equivalences between $A$ and $B$ induced by them., Comment: 32 pages

We propose a class of infinite comatrix corings, and describe them as colimits of systems of usual comatrix corings. The infinite comatrix corings of El Kaoutit and G\'omez Torrecillas are special cases of our construction, which in turn can be considered as a special case of the comatrix corings introduced recently by G\'omez Torrecillas an the third author., Comment: 23 pages, some corrections and additions to the previous version, and a renumbering of theorems in section 4

Let $R$ be a commutative ring. An Azumaya coring consists of a couple $(S,\Cc)$, with $S$ a faithfully flat commutative $R$-algebra, and an $S$-coring $\Cc$ satisfying certain properties. If $S$ is faithfully projective, then the dual of $\Cc$ is an Azumaya algebra. Equivalence classes of Azumaya corings form an abelian group, called the Brauer group of Azumaya corings. This group is canonically isomorphic to the second flat cohomology group. We also give algebraic interpretations of the second Amitsur cohomology group and the first Villamayor-Zelinsky cohomology group in terms of corings., Comment: 26 pages

We give a coring version for the duality theorem for actions and coactions of a finitely generated projective Hopf algebra. We also provide a coring analogue for a theorem of H.-J. Schneider, which generalizes and unifies the duality theorem for finite Hopf algebras and its refinements., Comment: 7 pages

Let $H$ be a Hopf algebra over a field $k$, and $A$ an $H$-comodule algebra. The categories of comodules and relative Hopf modules are then Grothendieck categories with enough injectives. We study the derived functors of the associated Hom functors, and of the coinvariants functor, and discuss spectral sequences that connect them. We also discuss when the coinvariants functor preserves injectives., Comment: 23 pages

Let $i: A\to R$ be a ring morphism, and $\chi: R\to A$ a right $R$-linear map with $\chi(\chi(r)s)=\chi(rs)$ and $\chi(1_R)=1_A$. If $R$ is a Frobenius $A$-ring, then we can define a trace map $\tr: A\to A^R$. If there exists an element of trace 1 in $A$, then $A$ is right FBN if and only if $A^R$ is right FBN and $A$ is right noetherian. The result can be generalized to the case where $R$ is an $I$-Frobenius $A$-ring, and the condition on the trace can be replaced by a weaker condition. We recover results of Garc\'{\i}a and del R\'{\i}o and by D\v{a}sc\v{a}lescu, Kelarev and Torrecillas on actions of group and Hopf algebras on FBN rings as special cases. We also obtain applications to extensions of Frobenius algebras, and to Frobenius corings with a grouplike element., Comment: 15 pages

Let $A$ be a commutative comodule algebra over a commutative bialgebra $H$. The group of invertible relative Hopf modules maps to the Picard group of $A$, and the kernel is described as a quotient group of the group of invertible grouplike elements of the coring $A\ot H$, or as a Harrison cohomology group. Our methods are based on elementary $K$-theory. The Hilbert 90 Theorem follows as a corollary. The part of the Picard group of the coinvariants that becomes trivial after base extension embeds in the Harrison cohomology group, and the image is contained in a well-defined subgroup $E$. It equals $E$ if $H$ is a cosemisimple Hopf algebra over a field., Comment: 12 pages

We introduce Yetter-Drinfeld modules over a weak Hopf algebra $H$, and show that the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules is isomorphic to the center of the category of $H$-modules. The categories of left-left, left-right, right-left and right-right Yetter-Drinfeld modules are isomorphic as braided monoidal categories. Yetter-Drinfeld modules can be viewed as weak Doi-Hopf modules, and, a fortiori, as weak entwined modules. If $H$ is finitely generated and projective, then we introduce the Drinfeld double using duality results between entwining structures and smash product structures, and show that the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules is isomorphic to the category of modules over the Drinfeld double., Comment: 22 pages

We show that Turaev's group-coalgebras and Hopf group-coalgebras are coalgebras and Hopf algebras in a symmetric monoidal category, which we call the Turaev category. A similar result holds for group-algebras and Hopf group-algebras. As an application, we give an alternative approach to Virelizier's version of the Fundamental Theorem for Hopf algebras. We introduce Yetter-Drinfeld modules over Hopf group-coalgebras using the center construction., Comment: 22 pages