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6. Respiratory Syndrome and Respiratory Tract Infections in Foreign-Born and National Travelers Hospitalized with Fever in Italy

Author

Matteelli, A., anna beltrame, Saleri, N., Bisoffi, Z., Allegri, R., Volonterio, A., Giola, M., Perini, P., Galimberti, L., Visonà, R., Donisi, A., Giani, G., Scalzini, A., Gaiera, G., Ravasio, L., Carvalho, A. C. C., Gulletta, M., Caligaris, S., Pizzocolo, C., Marocco, S., Cadeo, G. P., Grossi, P., Orani, A., Moroni, M., Rizzardini, G., Alberici, F., Vigevani, M., Perboni, G., and Lazzarin, A.

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Fever, Physical examination, Diagnostic Tests, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Routine, Blood Cell Count, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Female, Hospitalization, Italy, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Respiratory Tract Infections, Syndrome, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, Travel, Intensive care medicine, Respiratory tract infections, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Respiratory disease, Pulmonary, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Pneumonia, n.a, Predictive value of tests, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, business, human activities
Abstract

BACKGROUND:We measured frequency and epidemiologic, clinical, and hematochemical variables associated with respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in foreign-born and national patients hospitalized with fever with a history of international travel, and compared the final diagnosis of RTI with the presence of a respiratory syndrome (RS) at presentation. METHODS:A prospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted at tertiary care hospitals in Northern Italy from September 1998 to December 2000. RESULTS:A final diagnosis of RTI was obtained in 40 cases (7.8%), 27 (67.5%) with lower RTI and 13 (32.5%) with upper RTI. The most common RTIs were pneumonia (35%) and pulmonary tuberculosis (15%). A white blood cell count > or = 10,000 and an erythrocyte sedimentation rate > or = 20 mm/h were independently associated with a final diagnosis of RTI; onset of symptoms at > or = 16 days and > or = 75% neutrophils were independently associated with lower RTI. An RS was identified in 51 (9.9%) of 515 travelers. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of a diagnosis of RS for a final diagnosis of RTI were 67.5%, 94.9%, 52.9%, and 97.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis were frequent among foreign-born and national travelers with fever admitted to a tertiary care hospital. Half of the pneumonia cases did not present with an RS at first clinical examination.

Published
2006
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7. Simit Epidemiological Multicentric Study on Hospitalized Immigrants in Italy During 2002

Author

Scotto, G., Saracino, A., Pempinello, R., El Hamad, I., Geraci, S., Panunzio, M., Palumbo, Ernesto, Cibelli, D. C., Angarano, G., Quirino, T., Vigevani, G. M., Balducci, M., Petrelli, E., Bergamasco, A., Cadeo, G., Elhamad, I., Carosi, G., Vitucci, N., Gobbi, M., Allegri, M. P., Toti, M., Piretti, B., De Stefano, C., Mannozzi, P., Mastropietro, C., Paffetti, A., Losappio, R., Fontana, T., Sfara, C., Stagni, G., Salome, G., Soscia, F., Maggi, P., Pastore, G., Miccolis, S., Scalzini, A., Brogi, A., Renda, V., Lancella, L., Ticca, F., Gabbati, A., Mazzotta, A., Villa, M., Viganò, P., Salatino, A., Andreoni, M., Drenaggi, D., Scalise, G., Ciardi, M., D'Elia, S., Limodio, M., Gallo, A. I., Delia, S., Caltabiano, E., Cosentino, G., Raspaglieli, M., Di Gregorio, P., Mariani, R., Paolini, M., Sabbatani, S., Chiodo, F., Casabianca, A., Biglino, A., Galloni, D., Carnevale, G., Pantaleoni, M., Ghinelli, F., Purificato, F., Pompei, A. G., Portelli, V., Chasseur, R., Tassara, A., Benenat, B., Sapienza, M., Sabatini, P., Sabusco, G., Bellardini, G., Zauli, T., Valencic, A., Luzzati, R., Milini, P., Chiodera, A., Sebbia, F., Davi', A., Pizzigallo, E., Scerbo, P., Ferraro, T., Consorte, A., Mariani Toro, G., Gioia, M., Grossi, P., Coviello, G., Sagnelli, E., Azzimi, A., Concia, A., Allegra, M., and Todaro, Gianmarco

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Tuberculosis, Adolescent, Epidemiology, HIV Infections, infectious diseases, Communicable Diseases, Article, Hepatitis, HIV, Hospitalization, Immigration, Infectious diseases, Female, Humans, Italy, Middle Aged, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Poverty, Surveys and Questionnaires, Emigration and Immigration, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine, business.industry, Public health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine.disease, Country of origin, tuberculosis, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Immunology, Public Health, business, Viral hepatitis, Malaria, immigration
Abstract

The aim of this article is to retrospectively evaluate the patient characteristics and the most common infectious diseases in immigrant patients hospitalized in 46 Italian infectious disease clinics during 2002. The main Italian infectious disease clinics were invited to fill in a questionnaire that regarded the number and type of hospital admissions, the country of origin, and demographic features (age, sex, and resident state) of immigrants. A total of 46 clinics including 2255 patients participated in the study. Most patients were men (63%) with an age between 16 and 40 years (63.4%) covered by the National Health Service (71%) and coming from Africa (44.3%). The main infectious diseases observed were: 378 (16.76%) cases of HIV infection, 303 (13.43%) cases of tuberculosis diseases, 282 (12.5%) cases of various forms of viral hepatitis, 177 (7.84%) cases of respiratory diseases, and 196 (8.69%) gastrointestinal diseases. Tropical diseases found were 134 (5.94%) including 95 cases of malaria (70.9%). In conclusion, a broad range of diseases was noted in immigrants which were directly correlated with conditions of poverty. Only a few tropical diseases were diagnosed and therefore the immigrant should not be considered as an infectious disease carrier.

Published
2005
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8. Epidemiological multicentric Italian society of infectious and tropical diseases study on prevalence of tropical diseases in hospitalized immigrants in Italy during 2002

Author

Scotto G, Saracino, A, Palumbo E, Angarano G, Quirino T, Calducci M, Cadeo G, El-Hamad I, Vitucci N, Allegri MP, Piretti B, Paffetti A, Losappio R, Sfara C, Salome G, Maggi P, Scotto, G, Saracino, A, Palumbo, E, Angarano, G, Quirino, T, Calducci, M, Cadeo, G, El-Hamad, I, Vitucci, N, Allegri, Mp, Piretti, B, Paffetti, A, Losappio, R, Sfara, C, Salome, G, Maggi, P, and Et, Al.

Published
2008

9. Simit epidemiological multicentric study on hospitalized immigrants in Italy during 2002

Author

Scotto G, Saracino A, Pempinello R, El Hamad I, Geraci S, Panunzio M, Palumbo E, Cibelli DC, Angarano G, Quirino T, Vigevani GM, Balducci M, Petrelli E, Bergamasco A, Cadeo G, ELHamad I, Carosi G, Vitucci N, Gobbi M, Allegri MP, Toti M, Piretti B, De Stefano C, Mannozzi P, Mastropietro C, Paffetti A, Losappio R, Fontana T, Sfara C, Stagni G, Salome G, Soscia F, Maggi P, Scotto, G, Saracino, A, Pempinello, R, El Hamad, I, Geraci, S, Panunzio, M, Palumbo, E, Cibelli, Dc, Angarano, G, Quirino, T, Vigevani, Gm, Balducci, M, Petrelli, E, Bergamasco, A, Cadeo, G, Elhamad, I, Carosi, G, Vitucci, N, Gobbi, M, Allegri, Mp, Toti, M, Piretti, B, De Stefano, C, Mannozzi, P, Mastropietro, C, Paffetti, A, Losappio, R, Fontana, T, Sfara, C, Stagni, G, Salome, G, Soscia, F, Maggi, P, and Et, Al.

Published
2005

10. Changes over time in risk factors for cardiovascular disease and use of lipid-lowering drugs in HIV-infected individuals and impact on myocardial infarction

Author

Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti HIV Drugs Study Group, Sabin, Ca, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Friis Moller, N, Weber, R, El Sadr WM, Reiss, P, Kirk, O, Mercie, P, Law, Mg, De Wit, S, Pradier, C, Phillips, An, Collaborators: Lundgren JD, Lundgren J. D., Collins, S, Loeliger, E, Tressler, R, Weller, I, Friis Møller, N, Worm, Sw, Sjøl, A, Sawitz, A, Rickenbach, M, Pezzotti, P, Krum, E, Gras, L, Balestre, E, Sundström, A, Poll, B, Fontas, E, Torres, F, Petoumenos, K, Kjaer, J, de Wolf, F, Zaheri, S, Bronsveld, W, Hillebrand Haverkort ME, Prins, Jm, Bos, Jc, Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK, Geerlings, Se, Godfried, Mh, Lange, Jm, van Leth FC, Lowe, Sh, van der Meer JT, Nellen, Fj, Pogány, K, van der Poll, T, Ruys, Ta, Sankatsing, S, Steingrover, R, van Twillert, G, van der Valk, M, van Vonderen MG, Vrouenraets, Sm, van Vugt, M, Wit, Fw, van Eeden, A, ten Veen JH, van Dam PS, Roos, Jc, Brinkman, K, Frissen, Ph, Weigel, Hm, Mulder, Jw, van Gorp EC, Meenhorst, Pl, Mairuhu, At, Veenstra, J, Danner, Sa, Van Agtmael MA, Claessen, Fa, Perenboom, Rm, Rijkeboer, A, van Vonderen, M, Richter, C, van der Berg, J, van Leusen, R, Vriesendorp, R, Jeurissen, Fj, Kauffmann, Rh, Koger, El, Bravenboer, B, ten Napel CH, Kootstra, Gj, Sprenger, Hg, Miesen, Wm, Doedens, R, Scholvinck, Eh, ten Kate RW, van Houte DP, Polee, M, Kroon, Fp, van den Broek PJ, van Dissel JT, Schippers, Ej, Schreij, G, van de Geest PJ, Verbon, A, Koopmans, Pp, Keuter, M, Post, F, van der Ven AJ, van der Ende ME, Gyssens, Ic, van der Feltz, M, den Hollander JG, de Marie, S, Nouwen, Jl, Rijnders, Bj, de Vries TE, Juttmann, Jr, van de Heul, C, van Kasteren ME, Elisabeth, S, Schneider, Mm, Bonten, Mj, Borleffs, Jc, Ellerbroek, Pm, Hoepelman, Im, Jaspers, Ca, Schouten, I, Schurink, Ca, Blok, Wl, Tanis, Aa, Groeneveld, Ph, Salamon, R, Beylot, J, Dupon, M, Le Bras, M, Pellegrin, Jl, Ragnaud, Jm, Dabis, F, Chêne, G, Jacqmin Gadda, H, Thiébaut, R, Lawson Ayayi, S, Lavignolle, V, Blaizeau, Mj, Decoin, M, Formaggio, Am, Delveaux, S, Labarerre, S, Uwamaliya, B, Vimard, E, Merchadou, L, Palmer, G, Touchard, D, Dutoit, D, Pereira, F, Boulant, B, Morlat, P, Bernard, N, Bonarek, M, Bonnet, F, Coadou, B, Gelie, P, Jaubert, D, Nouts, C, Lacoste, D, Dutronc, H, Cipriano, G, Lafarie, S, Chossat, I, Lacut, Jy, Leng, B, Mercié, P, Viallard, Jf, Faure, I, Rispal, P, Cipriano, C, Tchamgoué, S, Djossou, F, Malvy, D, Pivetaud, Jp, Chambon, D, De La Taille, C, Galperine, T, Neau, D, Ochoa, A, Beylot, C, Doutre, Ms, Bezian, Jh, Moreau, Jf, Taupin, Jl, Conri, C, Constans, J, Couzigou, P, Castera, L, Fleury, H, Lafon, Me, Masquelier, B, Pellegrin, I, Trimoulet, P, Moreau, F, Mestre, C, Series, C, Taytard, A, Law, M, Anderson, J, Lowe, K, Mijch, A, Watson, K, Roth, N, Wood, H, Bloch, M, Gowers, A, Baker, D, Mcfarlane, R, Carr, A, Cooper, D, Chuah, J, Fankhauser, W, Mallal, S, Skett, J, Calvo, G, Mateu, S, Domingo, P, Sambeat, Ma, Gatell, J, Del Cacho, E, Cadafalch, J, Fuster, M, Codina, C, Sirera, G, Vaqué, A, Clumeck, N, Gerard, M, Kabeya, K, Konopnicki, D, Libois, A, Payen, Mc, Van Laethem, Y, Neaton, J, Thompson, G, Wentworth, D, Luskin Hawk, R, Telzak, E, Abrams, Di, Cohn, D, Markowitz, M, Crane, Lr, Arduino, R, Mushatt, D, Friedland, G, Perez, G, Tedaldi, E, Fisher, E, Gordin, F, Sampson, J, Baxter, J, Olsen, Ch, Mocroft, A, Lundgren, Jd, Vetter, N, Karpov, I, Vassilenko, A, Colebunders, R, Machala, L, Rozsypal, H, Sedlacek, D, Nielsen, J, Benfield, T, Gerstoft, J, Katzenstein, T, Hansen, Ab, Skinhøj, P, Pedersen, C, Zilmer, K, Katlama, C, Viard, Jp, Girard, Pm, Saint Marc, T, Vanhems, P, Dabis, C, Dietrich, M, Manegold, C, van Lunzen, J, Stellbrink, Hj, Staszewski, S, Bieckel, M, Goebel, Fd, Fätkenheuer, G, Rockstroh, J, Schmidt, Re, Kosmidis, J, Gargalianos, P, Sambatakou, H, Perdios, J, Panos, G, Filandras, A, Banhegyi, D, Mulcahy, F, Yust, I, Burke, M, Turner, D, Pollack, S, Hassoun, J, Sthoeger, Z, Maayan, S, Vella, S, Chiesi, A, Arici, C, Pristerá, R, Mazzotta, F, Gabbuti, A, Esposito, R, Bedini, A, Chirianni, A, Montesarchio, E, Vullo, V, Santopadre, P, Narciso, P, Antinori, A, Franci, P, Zaccarelli, M, Lazzarin, A, Castagna, A, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Viksna, L, Chaplinskas, S, Hemmer, R, Staub, T, Bruun, J, Maeland, A, Ormaasen, V, Knysz, B, Gasiorowski, J, Horban, A, Prokopowicz, D, Wiercinska Drapalo, A, Boron Kaczmarska, A, Pynka, M, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Trocha, H, Antunes, F, Mansinho, K, Maltez, F, Duiculescu, D, Babes, V, Streinu Cercel, A, Vinogradova, E, Rakhmanova, A, Jevtovic, D, Mokrás, M, Staneková, D, González Lahoz, J, Sanchez Conde, M, García Benayas, T, Martin Carbonero, L, Soriano, V, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Conejero, J, Ruiz, L, Tural, C, Gatell, Jm, Miró, Jm, Zamora, L, Blaxhult, A, Karlsson, A, Pehrson, P, Ledergerber, B, Francioli, P, Telenti, A, Hirschel, B, Soravia Dunand, V, Furrer, H, Kravchenko, E, Chentsova, N, Fisher, M, Brettle, R, Barton, S, Johnson, Am, Mercey, D, Murphy, M, Johnson, Ma, Weber, J, Scullard, G, Morfeldt, L, Thulin, G, Akerlund, B, Koppel, K, Flamholc, L, Håkangård, C, Moroni, M, Cargnel, A, Merli, S, Rizzardini, G, Pastecchia, C, Caggese, L, Moioli, C, Mura, Ms, Mannazzu, M, Suter, F, Manconi, Pe, Piano, P, Lo Caputo, S, Poggiom, A, Bottari, G, Pagano, G, Alessandrini, A, Scasso, A, Vincenti, A, Abbadessa, V, Mancuso, S, Alberici, F, Ruggieri, A, Arlotti, M, Ortolani, P, De Lalla, F, Tositti, G, Cassola, G, Piscopo, R, Raise, E, Ebo, F, Soscia, F, Tacconi, L, Tirelli, U, Di Gennaro, G, Santoro, D, Pusterla, L, Carosi, Giampiero, Torti, Carlo, Cadeo, G, Bertelli, D, Carnevale, G, Galloni, D, Filice, G, Bruno, R, Di Perri, G, Arnaudo, I, Caramello, P, Orofino, Gc, Soranzo, Ml, Bonasso, M, Quirino, T, Melzi, S, Chiodo, F, Colangeli, V, Magnani, G, Ursitti, M, Menichetti, F, Martinelli, C, Mussini, C, Ghinelli, F, Sighinolfi, L, Coronado, O, Ballardini, G, Rizzo, E, Montroni, M, Braschi, Mc, Petrelli, E, Cioppi, A, Cauda, R, De Luca, A, Petrosillo, N, Noto, P, Bontempo, G, Acinapura, A, Antonucci, G, De Longis, P, Lichtner, M, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Viglietti, R, Piazza, M, Nappa, S, Abrescia, N, De Marco, M, Colomba, A, Prestileo, T, De Stefano, C, La Gala, A, Cosco, L, Scerbo, A, Grima, P, Tundo, P, Vecchiet, J, D'Alessandro, M, Grisorio, B, Ferrara, S, Caissotti, C, Dellamonica, P, Bentz, L, Bernard, E, De Salvador Guillouet, F, Durant, J, Mondain Miton, V, Perbost, I, Prouvost Keller, B, Pugliese, P, Rahelinirina, V, Roger, Pm, Vandenbos, F, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Bucher, H, Bürgisser, P, Cattacin, S, Cavassini, M, Dubs, R, Egger, M, Elzi, L, Erb, P, Fischer, M, Flepp, M, Fontana, A, Furrer, Hj, Gorgievski, M, Günthard, H, Kaiser, L, Kind, C, Klimkait, T, Lauper, U, Opravil, M, Paccaud, F, Pantaleo, G, Perrin, L, Piffaretti, Jc, Rudin, C, Schmid, P, Schüpbach, J, Speck, R, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, and Yerly, S.

Published
2008

11. Use of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and risk of myocardial infarction in HIV-infected patients enrolled in the D:A:D study: a multi-cohort collaboration

Author

D:A:D Study Group, Sabin, Ca, Worm, Sw, Weber, R, Reiss, P, El Sadr, W, Dabis, F, De Wit, S, Law, M, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Friis Møller, N, Kirk, O, Pradier, C, Weller, I, Phillips, An, Collaborators: Collins S, Lundgren J. D., El Sadr WM, Phillips, A, Rosseau, F, Storfer, Sp, Weber, I, Lundgren, Jd, Sjøl, A, Sawitz, A, Rickenbach, M, Pezzotti, P, Krum, E, Gras, L, Balestre, E, Sundström, A, Poll, B, Fontas, E, Torres, F, Petoumenos, K, Kjaer, J, Hammer, S, Neaton, J, de Wolf, F, Zaheri, S, Bronsveld, W, Hillebrand Haverkort ME, Prins, Jm, Bos, Jc, Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK, Geerlings, Se, Godfried, Mh, Lange, Jm, van Leth FC, Lowe, Sh, van der Meer JT, Nellen, Fj, Pogány, K, van der Poll, T, Ruys, Ta, Sankatsing, Steingrover, R, van Twillert, G, van der Valk, M, van Vonderen MG, Vrouenraets, Sm, van Vugt, M, Wit, Fw, van Eeden, A, ten Veen JH, van Dam PS, Roos, Jc, Brinkman, K, Frissen, Ph, Weigel, Hm, Mulder, Jw, van Gorp EC, Meenhorst, Pl, Mairuhu, At, Veenstra, J, Danner, Sa, Van Agtmael MA, Claessen, Fa, Perenboom, Rm, Rijkeboer, A, van Vonderen, M, Richter, C, van der Berg, J, van Leusen, R, Vriesendorp, R, Jeurissen, Fj, Kauffmann, Rh, Koger, El, Bravenboer, B, ten Napel CH, Kootstra, Gj, Sprenger, Hg, Miesen, Wm, Doedens, R, Scholvinck, Eh, ten Kate RW, van Houte DP, Polee, M, Kroon, Fp, van den Broek, van Dissel JT, Schippers, Ef, Schreij, G, van de Geest, S, Verbon, A, Koopmans, Pp, Keuter, M, Post, F, van der Ven AJ, van der Ende ME, Gyssens, Ic, van der Feltz, M, den Hollander JG, de Marie, S, Nouwen, Jl, Rijnders, Bj, de Vries TE, Juttmann, Jr, van de Heul, C, van Kasteren ME, Elisabeth, St, Schneider, Mm, Bonten, Mj, Borleffs, Jc, Ellerbroek, Pm, Hoepelman, Im, Jaspers, Ca, Schouten, I, Schurink, Ca, Blok, Wl, Tanis, Aa, Groeneveld, Ph, Salamon, R, Beylot, J, Dupon, M, Le Bras, M, Pellegrin, Jl, Ragnaud, Jm, Chêne, G, Jacqmin Gadda, H, Thiébaut, R, Lawson Ayayi, S, Lavignolle, V, Blaizeau, Mj, Decoin, M, Formaggio, Am, Delveaux, S, Labarerre, S, Uwamaliya, B, Vimard, E, Merchadou, L, Palmer, G, Touchard, D, Dutoit, D, Pereira, F, Boulant, B, Morlat, P, Bernard, N, Bonarek, M, Bonnet, F, Coadou, B, Gelie, P, Jaubert, D, Nouts, C, Lacoste, D, Dutronc, H, Cipriano, G, Lafarie, S, Chossat, I, Lacut, Jy, Leng, B, Mercié, P, Viallard, Jf, Faure, I, Rispal, P, Cipriano, C, Tchamgoué, S, Djossou, F, Malvy, D, Pivetaud, Jp, Chambon, D, De La Taille, C, Galperine, T, Neau, D, Ochoa, A, Beylot, C, Doutre, Ms, Bezian, Jh, Moreau, Jf, Taupin, Jl, Conri, C, Constans, J, Couzigou, P, Castera, L, Fleury, H, Lafon, Me, Masquelier, B, Pellegrin, I, Trimoulet, P, Moreau, F, Mestre, C, Series, C, Taytard, A, Anderson, J, Cortossis, P, Hoy, J, Watson, K, Roth, N, Bloch, M, Franic, T, Baker, D, Mcfarlane, R, Carr, A, Cooper, D, Chuah, J, Fankhauser, W, Mallal, S, Forsdyke, C, Calvo, G, Mateu, S, Domingo, P, Sambeat, Ma, Gatel, J, Del Cacho, E, Cadafalch, J, Fuster, M, Codina, C, Sirera, G, Vaqué, A, Clumeck, N, Gerard, M, Kabeya, K, Konopnicki, D, Libois, A, Payen, Mc, Van Laethem, Y, Bartsch, G, Thompson, G, Wentworth, D, Luskin Hawk, R, Telzak, E, Abrams, Di, Cohn, D, Markowitz, N, Arduino, R, Mushatt, D, Friedland, G, Perez, G, Tedaldi, E, Fisher, E, Gordin, F, Crane, Lr, Sampson, J, Baxter, J, Mocroft, A, Vetter, N, Karpov, I, Vassilenko, A, Colebunders, R, Machala, L, Rozsypal, H, Sedlacek, D, Nielsen, J, Benfield, T, Gerstoft, J, Katzenstein, T, Hansen, Ab, Skinhøj, P, Pedersen, C, Zilmer, K, Katlama, C, Viard, Jp, Girard, Pm, Saint Marc, T, Vanhems, P, Dietrich, M, Manegold, C, van Lunzen, J, Stellbrink, Hj, Staszewski, S, Bieckel, M, Goebel, Fd, Fätkenheuer, G, Rockstroh, J, Schmidt, Re, Kosmidis, J, Gargalianos, P, Sambatakou, H, Perdios, J, Panos, G, Filandras, A, Banhegyi, D, Mulcahy, F, Yust, I, Burke, M, Turner, D, Pollack, S, Hassoun, J, Sthoeger, Z, Maayan, S, Vella, S, Chiesi, A, Arici, C, Pristerá, R, Mazzotta, F, Gabbuti, A, Esposito, R, Bedini, A, Chirianni, A, Montesarchio, E, Vullo, V, Santopadre, P, Narciso, P, Antinori, A, Franci, P, Zaccarelli, M, Lazzarin, A, Castagna, A, Viksna, L, Chaplinskas, S, Hemmer, R, Staub, T, Bruun, J, Maeland, A, Ormaasen, V, Knysz, B, Gasiorowski, J, Horban, A, Prokopowicz, D, Wiercinska Drapalo, A, Boron Kaczmarsk, A, Pynka, M, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Trocha, H, Antunes, A, Mansinho, K, Maltez, F, Duiculescu, D, Streinu Cercel, A, Vinogradova, E, Rakhmanova, A, Jevtovic, D, Mokrás, M, Staneková, D, González Lahoz, J, Sanchez Conde, M, García Benayas, T, Martin Carbonero, L, Soriano, V, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Conejero, J, Ruiz, L, Tural, C, Gatell, Jm, Miró, Jm, Zamora, L, Gutierrez, M, Mateo, G, Blaxhult, A, Karlsson, A, Pehrson, P, Ledergerber, B, Francioli, P, Telenti, A, Hirschel, B, Soravia Dunand, V, Furrer, H, Kravchenko, E, Chentsova, N, Fisher, M, Brettle, R, Barton, S, Johnson, Am, Mercey, D, Murphy, M, Johnson, Ma, Weber, J, Scullard, G, Morfeld, L, Thulin, G, Akerlund, B, Koppel, K, Flamholc, L, Håkangård, C, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Moroni, M, Cargnel, A, Merli, S, Vigevani, Gm, Pastecchia, C, Morsica, G, Caggese, L, Moioli, C, Mura, Ms, Mannazzu, M, Suter, F, Manconi, Pe, Piano, P, Lo Caputo, S, Poggio, A, Bottari, G, Pagano, G, Alessandrini, A, Scasso, A, Abbadessa, V, Mancuso, S, Alberici, F, Ruggieri, A, Arlotti, M, Ortolani, P, De Lalla, F, Tositti, G, Cassola, G, Piscopo, R, Raise, E, Ebo, F, Soscia, F, Tacconi, L, Tirelli, U, Cinelli, R, Santoro, D, Pusterla, L, Carosi, Giampiero, Torti, Carlo, Cadeo, G, Bertelli, D, Carnevale, G, Citterio, P, Filice, G, Bruno, R, Di Perri, G, Arnaudo, I, Caramello, P, Orofino, Gc, Soranzo, Ml, Bonasso, M, Rizzardini, G, Melzi, S, Chiodo, F, Colangeli, V, Magnani, G, Ursitti, M, Menichetti, F, Martinelli, C, Mussini, C, Ghinelli, F, Sighinolfi, L, Coronado, O, Ballardini, G, Rizzo, E, Montroni, M, Braschi, Mc, Petrelli, E, Cioppi, A, Cauda, R, De Luca, A, Petrosillo, N, Noto, P, Bontempo, G, Acinapura, R, Antonucci, G, De Longis, P, Lichtner, M, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Viglietti, R, Piazza, M, Nappa, S, Abrescia, N, De Marco, M, Colomba, A, Prestileo, T, De Stefano, C, La Gala, A, Cosco, L, Scerbo, A, Grima, P, Tundo, P, Vecchiet, J, D'Alessandro, M, Grisorio, B, Ferrara, S, Caissotti, C, Dellamonica, P, Bentz, L, Bernard, E, De Salvador Guillouet, F, Durant, J, Mondain Miton, V, Perbost, I, Prouvost Keller, B, Pugliese, P, Rahelinirina, V, Roger, Pm, Vander, F, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Buche, H, Bürgisser, P, Cattacin, S, Cavassini, M, Dubs, R, Egger, M, Elzi, L, Erb, P, Fischer, M, Flepp, M, Fontana, A, Furrer, Hj, Gorgievski, M, Günthard, H, Kaiser, L, Kind, C, Klimkait, T, Lauper, U, Opravil, M, Paccaud, F, Pantaleo, G, Perrin, L, Piffaretti, Jc, Rudin, C, Schmid, P, Schüpbach, J, Speck, R, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, and Yerly, S.

Published
2008

12. Importance of baseline prognostic factors with increasing time since initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy: collaborative analysis of cohorts of HIV-1-infected patients

Author

Sterne, Jonathan A. C., May, Margaret, Sabin, Caroline, Phillips, Andrew, Costagliola, Dominique, Chêne, Geneviève, Justice, Amy C., De Wolf, Frank, Hogg, Robert, Battegay, Manuel, Monforte, Antonella D'Arminio, Gerdtkenheuer, Fa, Staszewski, Schlomo, Gill, John, Egger, Matthias, Casabona, Jordi, Dabis, Francxois, Kitahata, Mari, Leport, Catherine, Lundgren, Jens, Reiss, Peter, Saag, Michael, Weller, Ian, Beckthold, Brenda, Yip, Benita, Dauer, Brenda, Fusco, Jenifer, Lanoy, Emilie, Rickenbach, Martin, Lavignolle, Valerie, Van Sighem, Ard, Pereira, Edwige, Pezzotti, Patrizio, Schmeisser, Norbert, Billaud, E., Boué, F., Costagliola, D., Duval, X., Duvivier, C., Enel, P., Fournier, S., Gasnault, J., Gaud, C., Gilquin, J., Grabar, S., Khuong, M. A., Lang, J. M., Mary Krause, M., Matheron, S., Meyohas, M. C., Pialoux, G., Poizot Martin, I., Pradier, C., Rouveix, E., Salmon Ceron, D., Sobel, A., Tattevin, P., Tissot Dupont, H., Yasdanpanah, Y., Aronica, E, Tirard Fleury, V., Tortay, I., Abgrall, S., Guiguet, M., Lanoy, E., Leneman, H., Lièvre, L., Potard, V., Saidi, S., Vildé, J. L., Leport, C., Yeni, P., Bouvet, E., Gaudebout, C., Crickx, B., Picard Dahan, C., Weiss, L., Tisne Dessus, D., Sicard, D., Salmon, D., Auperin, I., Viard, J. P., Roudière, L., Fior, R., Delfraissy, J. F., Goujard, C., Lesprit, P. h., Jung, C., Meynard, J. L., Picard, O., Desplanque, N., Cadranel, J., Mayaud, C., Rozenbaum, W., Bricaire, F., Katlama, C., Herson, S., Simon, A., Decazes, J. M., Molina, J. M., Clauvel, J. P., Gerard, L., Sellier, P., Diemer, M., Dupont, C., Berthé, H., Saïag, P., Mortier, E., Chandemerle, C., De Truchis, P., Bentata, M., Honoré, P., Tassi, S., Jeantils, V., Mechali, D., Taverne, B., Laurichesse, H., Gourdon, F., Lucht, F., Fresard, A., Faller, J. P., Eglinger, P., Bazin, C., Verdon, R., Peyramond, D., Boibieux, A., Touraine, J. L., Livrozet, J. M., Trepo, C., Cotte, L., Ravaux, I., Delmont, J. P., Moreau, J., Gastaut, J. A., Soubeyrand, J., Retornaz, F., Blanc, P. A., Allegre, T., Galinier, A., Ruiz, J. M., Lepeu, G., Granet Brunello, P., Pelissier, L., Esterni, J. P., Nezri, M., Cohen Valensi, R., Laffeuillade, A., Chadapaud, S., Reynes, J., May, T., Rabaud, C., Raffi, F., Pugliese, P., Michelet, C., Arvieux, C., Caron, F., Borsa Lebas, F., Rey, D., Fraisse, P., Massip, P., Cuzin, L., Arlet Suau, E., Thiercelin Legrand, M. F., Sobesky, M., Pradinaud, R., Contant, M., Montroni, M., Scalise, G., Braschi, M. C., Riva, A., Tirelli, U., Cinelli, R., Pastore, G., Ladisa, N., Minafra, G., Suter, F., Arici, C., Pristera, R., Chiodo, F., Colangeli, V., Fiorini, C., Coronado, O., Carosi, G., Cadeo, G. P., Torti, C., Minardi, C., Bertelli, D., Rizzardini, G., Melzi, S., Manconi, P. E., Piano, P., Cosco, L., Scerbo, A., Vecchiet, J., D'Alessandro, M., Santoro, D., Pusterla, L., Carnevale, G., Citterio, P., Viganò, P., Mena, M., Ghinelli, F., Sighinolfi, L., Leoncini, F., Mazzotta, F., Pozzi, M., Lo Caputo, S., Vullo, Vincenzo, Lichtner, Miriam, Angarano, G., Grisorio, B., Saracino, A., Ferrara, S., Grima, P., Tundo, P., Pagano, G., Cassola, G., Alessandrini, A., Piscopo, R., Toti, M., Chigiotti, S., Soscia, F., Tacconi, L., Orani, A., Perini, P., Scasso, A., Vincenti, A., Chiodera, F., Castelli, P., Scalzini, A., Palvarini, L., Moroni, M., Lazzarin, A., Cargnel, A., Vigevani, G. M., Caggese, L., d'Arminio Monforte, A., Repetto, D., Galli, A., Merli, S., Pastecchia, C., Moioli, M. C., Esposito, R., Mussini, C., Abrescia, N., Chirianni, A., Izzo, C. M., Piazza, M., De Marco, M., Viglietti, R., Manzillo, E., Nappa, S., Antonucci, G., Iacomi, F., Narciso, P., Zaccarelli, M., Colomba, A., Abbadessa, V., Prestileo, T., Mancuso, S., Ferrari, C., Pizzaferri, P., Filice, G., Minoli, L., Bruno, R., Novati, S., Baldelli, F., Tinca, M., Petrelli, E., Cioppi, A., Alberici, F., Ruggieri, A., Menichetti, F., Martinelli, C., De Stefano, C., La Gala, A., Ballardini, G., Rizzo, E., Magnani, G., Ursitti, M. A., Arlotti, M., Ortolani, P., Cauda, R., Dianzani, F., Ippolito, G., Antinori, A., D'Elia, S., Petrosillo, N., De Luca, A., Bacarelli, A., Acinapura, R., De Longis, P., Brandi, A., Trotta, M. P., Noto, P., Capobianchi, M. R., Carletti, F., Girardi, E., Pezzotti, P., Rezza, G., Mura, M. S., Mannazzu, M., Caramello, P., Di Perri, G., Soranzo, M. L., Orofino, G. C., Arnaudo, I., Bonasso, M., Grossi, P. A., Basilico, C., Poggio, A., Bottari, G., Raise, E., Ebo, F., De Lalla, F., Tositti, G., Resta, F., Loso, K., Cozzi Lepri, A., Johnson, A. M., Mercey, D., Phillips, A., Johnson, M. A., Mocroft, A., Murphy, M., Weber, J., Scullard, G., Fisher, M., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Bucher, H., Bürgisser, P. h., Cattacin, S., Cavassini, M., Dubs, R., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Erb, P., Fantelli, K., Fischer, M., Flepp, M., Fontana, A., Francioli, P., Hirschel, B., Soravia Dunand, V., Furrer, H., Gorgievski, M., Günthard, H., Kaiser, L., Kind, C., Klimkait, T. h., Lauper, U., Ledergerber, B., Opravil, M., Paccaud, F., Pantaleo, G., Perrin, L., Piffaretti, J. C., Rickenbach, M., Rudin, C., Schmid, P., Schüpbach, J., Speck, R., Telenti, A., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Buy, E., Bronsveld, W., Hillebrand Haverkort, M. E., Reiss, P., Back, N. K. T., Bakker, M. E. G., Berkhout, B., Jurriaans, S., Cuijpers, T. h., Rietra, P. J. G. M., Roozendaal, K. J., Pauw, W., Van Zanten, A. P., Smits, P. H. M., Von Blomberg, B. M. E., Savelkoul, P., Danner, S. A., Van Agtmael, M. A., Claessen, F. A. P., Perenboom, R. M., Rijkeboer, A., Van Vonderen, M., Kuijpers, T. W., Pajkrt, D., Scherpbier, H. J., Prins, J. M., Bos, J. C., Eeftinck Schattenkerk, J. K. M., Geerlings, S. E., Godfried, M. H., Lange, J. M. A., Van Leth, F. C., Lowe, S. H., Van Der Meer, J. T. M., Nellen, F. J. B., Pogány, K., Van Der Poll, T., Ruys, T. h. A., Sankatsing, S., Steingrover, R., Van Twillert, G., Van Der Valk, M., Van Vonderen, M. G. A., Vrouenraets, S. M. E., Van Vugt, M., Wit, F. W. M. N., Veenstra, J., Van Eeden, A., Veen, J. H., Van Dam, P. S., Roos, J. C., Brinkman, K., Frissen, P. H. J., Weigel, H. M., Mulder, J. W., Van Gorp, E. C. M., Meenhorst, P. L., Mairuhu, A. T. A., Richter, C., Van Der Berg, J., Van Leusen, R., Swanink, C. M. A., Vriesendorp, R., Jeurissen, F. J. F., Franck, P. F. H., Lampe, A. S., Kauffmann, R. H., Koger, E. L. W., Bravenboer, B., Ten Napel, C. H. H., Kootstra, G. J., Schirm, J., Bennw, C. A., Sprenger, H. G., Miesen, W. M. A. J., Doedens, R., Scholvinck, E. H., Ten Kate, R. W., Van Houte, D. P. F., Polee, M., Kroes, A. C. M., Claas, H. C. J., Kroon, F. P., Van Den, Broek, Van Dissel, J. T., Schippers, E. F., Bruggeman, C. A. M. V. A., Goossens, V. J., Schreij, G., Van De Geest, S., Verbon, A., Galama, J. M. D., Melchers, W. J. G., Poort, Y. A. G., Koopmans, P. P., Keuter, M., Post, F., Van Der Ven, A. J. A. M., Doornum, G. J. J., Niesters, M. G., Osterhaus, A. D. M. E., Schutten, M., Driessen, G., De Groot, R., Hartwig, N., Van Der Ende, M. E., Gyssens, I. C., Van Der Feltz, M., Den Hollander, J. G., De Marie, S., L. Nouwen, J., Rijnders, B. J. A., De Vries, T. E. M. S., Juttmann, J. R., Van De Heul, C., Van Kasteren, M. E. E., Boucher, C. A. B., Schuurman, R., Geelen, S. P. M., Wolfs, T. F. W., Schneider, M. M. E., Bonten, M. J. M., Borleffs, J. C. C., Ellerbroek, P. M., Hoepelman, I. M., Jaspers, C. A. J. J., Schouten, I., Schurink, C. A. M., Blok, W. L., Tanis, A. A., Groeneveld, P. H. P., Jansen, C. L., Hendriks, R., Veenendaal, D., Storm, H., Weel, J., Van Zeijl, J. H., Buiting, A. G. M., Swaans, C. A. M., Boel, E., Jansz, A. F., Losso, M., Duran, A., Vetter, N., Karpov, I., Vassilenko, A., Clumeck, N., Dewit, S., Poll, B., Colebunders, R., Machala, L., Rozsypal, H., Sedlacek, D., Gerstoft, J., Katzenstein, T., Hansen, A. B. E., Skinhøj, P., Nielsen, J., Lundgren, J., Benfield, T., Kirk, O., Pedersen, C., Zilmer, K., Girard, P. M., Saint Marc, T., Vanhems, P., Dabis, F., Dietrich, M., Manegold, C., Van Lunzen, J., Stellbrink, H. J., Staszewski, S., Bickel, M., Goebel, F. D., Fätkenheuer, G., Rockstroh, J., Schmidt, R., Kosmidis, J., Gargalianos, P., Sambatakou, H., Perdios, J., Panos, G., Filandras, A., Karabatsaki, E., Banhegyi, D., Mulcahy, F., Yust, I., Turner, D., Burke, M., Pollack, S., Hassoun, G., Sthoeger, Z., Maayan, S., Borghi, R., Cotugno, A. D., Gabbuti, A., Chiesi, A., Montesarchio, E., Finazzi, R., D'Arminio Monforte, A., Viksna, L., Chaplinskas, S., Hemmer, R., Staub, T., Bruun, J., Maeland, A., Ormaasen, V., Knysz, B., Gasiorowski, J., Horban, A., Prokopowicz, D., Wiercinska Drapalo, A., Boron Kaczmarska, A., Pynka, M., Beniowski, M., Mularska, E., Trocha, H., Antunes, F., Valadas, E., Mansinho, K., Matez, F., Duiculescu, D., Babes, Victor, Streinu Cercel, A., Vinogradova, E., Rakhmanova, A., Jevtovic, D., Mokráš, M., Staneková, D., González Lahoz, J., Sánchez Conde, M., García Benayas, T., Martin Carbonero, L., Soriano, V., Clotet, B., Jou, A., Conejero, J., Tural, C., Gatell, J. M., Miró, J. M., Blaxhult, A., Karlsson, A., Pehrson, P., Weber, R., Kravchenko, E., Chentsova, N., Barton, S., Brettle, R., Loveday, C., Antunes, Francisco, Blaxhult, Anders, Clumeck, Nathan, Gatell, Jose, Horban, Andrzej, Johnson, Anne, Katlama, Christine, Ledergerber, Bruno, Loveday, Clive, Vella, Stefano, Gjørup, I., Friis Moeller, N., Bannister, W., Mollerup, D., Podlevkareva, D., Holkmann Olsen, C., Kjær, J., Raffanti, Stephen, Dieterch, Douglas, Becker, Stephen, Scarsella, Anthony, Fusco, Gregory, Most, Bernard, Balu, Rukmini, Rana, Rashida, Beckerman, Robin, Ising, Theodore, Fusco, Jennifer, Irek, Renae, Johnson, Bernadette, Hirani, Ashwin, Edwinjesus, De, Pierone, Gerald, Lackey, Philip, Irek, Chip, Johnson, Alison, Burdick, John, Leon, Saul, Arch, Joseph, Helm, Eilke B., Carlebach, Amina, Axelller, Mu, Haberl, Annette, Nisius, Gabi, Lennemann, Tessa, Rottmann, Carsten, Wolf, Timo, Stephan, Christoph, Bickel, Markus, Manfredsch, Mo, Gute, Peter, Locher, Leo, Lutz, Thomas, Klauke, Stephan, Knecht, Gabi, Doerr, Hans W., Stu, Martinrmer, Von Hentig, Nils, Jennings, Beverly, Beylot, J., Chêne, G., Dupon, M., Longy Boursier, M., Pellegrin, J. L., Ragnaud, J. M., Salamon, R., Thiébaut, R., Lewden, C., Lawson Ayayi, S., Mercié, P., Moreau, J. F., Morlat, P., Bernard, N., Lacoste, D., Malvy, D., Neau, D., Blaizeau, M. J., Decoin, M., Delveaux, S., Hannapier, C., Labarrère, S., Lavignolle Aurillac, V., Uwamaliya Nziyumvira, B., Palmer, G., Touchard, D., Balestre, E., Alioum, A., Jacqmin Gadda, H., Bonarek, M., Bonnet, F., Coadou, B., Gellie, P., Nouts, C., Bocquentin, F., Dutronc, H., Lafarie, S., Aslan, A., Pistonne, T., Thibaut, P., Vatan, R., Chambon, D., De La Taille, C., Cazorla, C., Ocho, A., Viallard, J. F., Caubet, O., Cipriano, C., Lazaro, E., Couzigou, P., Castera, L., Fleury, H., Lafon, M. E., Masquelier, B., Pellegrin, I., Breilh, D., Blanco, P., Loste, P., Caunègre, L., Bonnal, F., Farbos, S., Ferrand, M., Ceccaldi, J., Tchamgoué, S., De Witte, S., Alexander, Chris, Barrios, Rolando, Braitstein, Paula, Brumme, Zabrina, Chan, Keith, Cote, Helen, Gataric, Nada, Geller, Josie, Guillemi, Silvia, Richard Harrigan, P., Harris, Marrianne, Joy, Ruth, Levy, Adrian, Montaner, Julio, Montessori, Val, Palepu, Anita, Phillips, Elizabeth, Phillips, Peter, Press, Natasha, Tyndall, Mark, Wood, Evan, Bhagani, S., Byrne, P., Carroll, A., Cuthbertson, Z., Dunleavy, A., Geretti, A. M., Heelan, B., Johnson, M., Kinloch de Loes, S., Lipman, M., Madge, S., Marshall, N., Nair, D., Nebbia, G., Prinz, B., Swaden, L., Tyrer, M., Youle, M., Chaloner, C., Grabowska, H., Holloway, J., Puradiredja, J., Ransom, D., Tsintas, R., Bansi, L., Fox, Z., Harris, E., Hill, T., Lampe, F., Lodwick, R., Reekie, J., Sabin, C., Smith, C., Amoah, E., Booth, C., Clewley, G., Garcia Diaz, A., Gregory, B., Labbett, W., Tahami, F., Thomas, M., Read, Ron, Fatkenheuer, G., Schmeisser, N., Voigt, K., Wasmuth, J. C., Wohrmann, A., Infectious diseases, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, Landsteiner Laboratory, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Graduate School, Cardiology, APH - Global Health, APH - Quality of Care, AII - Infectious diseases, AII - Inflammatory diseases, and Global Health

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, AIDS, CD4 counts, Highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV, Prognosis, Substance abuse (intravenous), Adolescent, Anti-HIV Agents, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Europe, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Middle Aged, North America, Risk Factors, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, Survival Analysis, Pharmacology (medical), Infectious Diseases, Cost effectiveness, Antiretroviral Therapy, Article, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Internal medicine, medicine, Highly Active, Survival analysis, Immunodeficiency, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), Hazard ratio, Substance Abuse, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Physical therapy, Intravenous, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Background: The extent to which the prognosis for AIDS and death of patients initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) continues to be affected by their characteristics at the time of initiation (baseline) is unclear. Methods: We analyzed data on 20,379 treatment-naive HIV-1- infected adults who started HAART in 1 of 12 cohort studies in Europe and North America (61,798 person-years of follow-up, 1844 AIDS events, and 1005 deaths). Results: Although baseline CD4 cell count became less prognostic with time, individuals with a baseline CD4 count 350 cells/μL (hazard ratio for AIDS = 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0 to 2.3; mortality hazard ratio = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2 to 5.5, 4 to 6 years after starting HAART). Rates of AIDS were persistently higher in individuals who had experienced an AIDS event before starting HAART. Individuals with presumed transmission by means of injection drug use experienced substantially higher rates of AIDS and death than other individuals throughout follow-up (AIDS hazard ratio = 1.6, 95% CI: 0.8 to 3.0; mortality hazard ratio = 3.5, 95% CI: 2.2 to 5.5, 4 to 6 years after starting HAART). Conclusions: Compared with other patient groups, injection drug users and patients with advanced immunodeficiency at baseline experience substantially increased rates of AIDS and death up to 6 years after starting HAART.

Published
2007

13. Determinants of virologic and immunologic outcomes in chronically HIV-infected subjects undergoing repeated treatment interruptions: The Istituto Superiore di Sanità-Pulsed Antiretroviral Therapy (ISS-PART) study

Author

Palmisano, L., Giuliano, M., Bucciardini, R., Fragola, V., Andreotti, M., Galluzzo, C. M., Pirillo, M. F., Weimer, L. E., Arcieri, R., Germinario, E. A. P., Amici, R., Mancini, M. G., D'Arminio Monforte, A., Castelli, F., Caramello, P., Vella, S., Abrescia, N., Figoni, M., Viglietti, R., Angarano, G., Saracino, A., Anselmo, M., Antinori, A., Sette, P., Zaccarelli, M., Liuzzi, G., Arlotti, M., Martelli, L. T., Ortolani, P., Bassetti, D., Di Biagio, A., Bisio, F., Bellissima, P., Branz, F., Dorigoni, N., Cadeo, G., Vangi, D., Bertelli, D., Bergamasco, A., Caggese, L., Volonterio, A., Orofino, G. C., Carosella, S., Gennero, L., Caremani, M., Tacconi, D., Carosi, G., Tomasoni, L., Patroni, A., Chiodo, F., Borderi, M., Calza, L., Gritti, F., Fasulo, G., Chirianni, A., Gargiulo, M., Colomba, A., Dalle Nogare, E. R., Di Lorenzo, F., Prestileo, T., Bini, T., Cicconi, P., De Lalla, F., Giordani, M. T., De Stefano, C., De Stefano, G., Delia, S., Ciardi, M., Di Perri, G., Sinicco, A., Sales, P., Dini, M., Simeone, M., Esposito, R., Guaraldi, G., Beghetto, B., Fatuzzo, F., La Rosa, R., Ferrari, C., Calzetti, C., Ferraro, T., Cosco, L., Ghinelli, F., Sighinolfi, L., Guadagnino, V., Caroleo, B., Izzi, A., Izzo, C., Franco, A., Lazzarin, A., Castagna, A., Fusetti, G., Leoncini, F., Pozzi, M., Sbaragli, S., Marzetti, M., Magnani, G., Bonazzi, L., Barchi, E., Zoboli, G., Pintus, A., Mandas, A., Soddu, M. L., Zucca, F., Mannucci, P. M., Gringeri, A., Marani Toro, G., Graziani, R. V., Consorti, A., Mazzotta, F., Di Pietro, M., Ble, C., Meneghetti, F., Sasset, L., Cattelan, A. M., Menichetti, F., Savalli, E., Mian, P., Pristera, R., Mignani, E., Artioli, S., Mura, M. S., Mannazzu, M., Narciso, P., Bellagamba, R., Orani, A., Perini, P., Ortona, L., De Luca, A., Murri, R., Pagano, G., Alessandrini, A., Paladini, A., Vinattieri, M. A., Carbonai, S., Pastore, G., Ladina, N., Tateo, M., Piersantelli, N., Penco, G., Petrelli, E., Balducci, M., Pippi, L., Gonnelli, A., Puppo, F., Murdaca, G., Raise, E., Pasquirucci, A., Riccio, G., Bartolacci, V., Carrega, G., Rizzardini, G., Migliorino, G., Russo, R., Casentino, S., Celesia, M., Soranzo, M. L., Macor, A., Salassa, B., Soscia, F., Roberti, L., Di Toro, M. T., Stagno, A., Beltrami, C., Suter, F., Maggiolo, F., Ripamonti, D., Tantimonaco, G., Grisorio, B., Tassara, A., Rossi, P., Tinelli, M., Regazzetti, A., Tirelli, U., Voltaggio, G., Cinelli, R., Toti, M., Baldari, M., Carli, T., Ricciardi, B., Trezzi, M., Vigevani, G. M., Capetti, A., Landonio, S., Vullo, V., Massetti, P., Zauli, T., and Casolari, S.

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, medicine.medical_treatment, HIV Infections, Drug resistance, Drug Administration Schedule, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Protease inhibitor (pharmacology), Structured treatment interruptions, Chemotherapy, Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, biology, business.industry, HIV, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Clinical trial, Chronic infection, Regimen, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Lentivirus, RNA, Viral, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background: Factors influencing the outcome of structured treatment interruptions (STIs) in HIV chronic infection are not fully elucidated. Methods: In ISS-PART, 273 subjects were randomly assigned to arm A (137 assigned to continuous highly active antiretroviral therapy [HAART]) and arm B (136 assigned to 5 STIs of 1, 1, 2, 2, and 3 months'duration, each followed by 3 months of therapy). Main outcome measures were the proportion of subjects with a CD4 count >500 cells/mm 3 , the rate of virologic failure, and the emergence of resistance at 24 months. Results: The proportion of subjects with a CD4 count >500 cells/mm 3 was higher in arm A than in arm B (86.5% vs. 69.1%; P = 0.0075). Pre-HAART CD4 cell count and male gender were independent predictors of a CD4 count >500 cells/mm 3 in arm B. The overall risk of virologic failure was not increased in arm B; however, it was higher in the 38 subjects who had resistance mutations in the rebounding virus. Archived mutations at baseline and the use of a regimen that included an unboosted protease inhibitor (PI), compared with nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based HAART, independently predicted the emergence of plasma mutations during STI (P = 0.002 for DNA mutations and P = 0.048 for PI-based HAART). Conclusions: Our results suggest that patients with preexisting mutations and treated with unboosted PI-based HAART should not be enrolled in studies of time-fixed treatment interruptions, being at higher risk of developing plasma mutations during STI and virologic failure at therapy reinstitution.

Published
2007

15. A comparison between abacavir and efavirenz as the third drug used in combination with a background therapy regimen of 2 nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors in patients with initially suppressed viral loads

Author

Cozzi Lepri, A, De Luca, A, Phillips, An, Bongiovanni, M, Di Giambenedetto, S, Mena, M, Moioli, Mc, Arlotti, M, Sighinolfi, L, Narciso, P, Lichtner, M, Cauda, R, Monforte, A, Montroni, M., Scalise, G., Braschi, M. C., Riva, A., Tirelli, U., Di Gennaro, G., G. Pastore, N. Ladisa, Minafra, G., Suter, F., Arici, C., Chiodo, F., Colangeli, V., Fiorini, C., Coronado, O., Carosi, G., Cadeo, G. P., Torti, Carlo, Minardi, C., Bertelli, D., Rizzardini, G., Melzi, S., Manconi, P. E., Piano, P., Cosco, L., Scerbo, A., Vecchiet, J., D’Alessandro, M., Santoro, D., Pusterla, L., Carnevale, G., Citterio, P., Viganò, P., Ghinelli, F., Leoncini, F., Mazzotta, F., Pozzi, M., Lo Caputo, S., Angarano, G., Grisorio, B., Saracino, A., Ferrara, S., Grima, P., Tundo, P., Pagano, G., Cassola, G., Alessandrini, A., Piscopo, R., Toti, M., Chigiotti, S., Soscia, F., Tacconi, L., Orani, A., Perini, P., Scasso, A., Vincenti, A., Chiodera, F., Castelli, P., Scalzini, A., Palvarini, L., Moroni, M., Lazzarin, A., Cargnel, A., Vigevani, G. M., Caggese, L., Repetto, D., Galli, A., Merli, S., Pastecchia, C., Molioli, M. C., Esposito, R., Mussini, C., Abrescia, N., Chirianni, A., Izzo, C. M., Piazza, M., De Marco, M., Viglietti, R., Manzillo, E., Nappa, S., Colomba, A., Abbadessa, V., Prestileo, T., Mancuso, S., Ferrari, C., Pizzaferri, P., Filice, G., Minoli, L., Bruno, R., Novati, S., Baldelli, F., Tinca, M., Petrelli, E., Cioppi, A., Alberici, F., Ruggieri, A., Menichetti, F., Martinelli, C., De Stefano, C., La Gala, A., Ballardini, G., Rizzo, E., Magnani, G., Ursitti, M. A., Ortolani, P., Dianzani, F., Ippolito, G., Antinori, A., Antonucci, G., Ciardi, M., Petrosillo, N., Vullo, V., Bacarelli, A., Zaccarelli, M., Acinapura, R., De Longis, P., Brandi, A., Trotta, M. P., Noto, P., Capobianchi, M. R., Carletti, F., Girardi, E., Pezzotti, P., Rezza, G., Mura, M. S., Mannazzu, M., Caramello, P., Di Perri, G., Soranzo, M. L., Orofino, G. C., Arnaudo, I., Bonasso, M., Grossi, P. A., Basilico, C., Poggio, A., Bottari, G., Raise, E., Ebo, F., De Lalla, F., Tositti, G., Resta, F., Loso, K., Ammassari, A., A. C. i. n. g. o. l. a. n. i., . S., Fantoni, Marasca, G., Tamburrini, E., Visconti, E., Bini, A. T., Cicconi, P., Tordato, F., Formenti, T., and Zini, G.

Published
2006

17. Economic evaluation of HIV treatments: The I.CO.N.A. cohort study

Author

Merito, Monica, Bonaccorsi, Andrea, Pammolli, Fabio, Riccaboni, Massimo, Baio, Gianluca, Arici, Claudio, D'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Pezzotti, Patrizio, Corsini, Dario, Tramarin, Andrea, Cauda, Roberto, Colangeli, Vincenzo, Pastore, Giuseppe, Montroni, M., Scalise, G., Braschi, M. C., Del Prete, M. S., Tirelli, U., Cinelli, R., Ladisa, N., Minafra, G., Suter, F., Chiodo, F., Fiorini, C., Coronado, O., Carosi, G., Cadeo, G. P., Torti, C., Minardi, C., Bertelli, D., Rizzardini, G., Migliorino, G., Manconi, P. E., Piano, P., Ferraro, T., Scerbo, A., Pizzigallo, E., D'Alessandro, M., Santoro, D., Pusterla, L., Carnevale, G., Galloni, D., Viganò, P., Mena, M., Ghinelli, F., Sighinolfi, L., Leoncini, F., Mazzotta, F., Pozzi, M., Lo Caputo, S., Angarano, G., Grisorio, B., Saracino, A., Ferrara, S., Grima, P., Tundo, P., Pagano, G., Cassola, G., Alessandrini, A., Piscopo, R., Toti, M., Chigiotti, S., Soscia, F., Tacconi, L., Orani, A., Perini, P., Scasso, A., Vincenti, A., Chiodera, F., Castelli, P., Scalzini, A., Fibbia, G., Moroni, M., Lazzarin, A., Cargnel, A., Vigevani, G. M., Caggese, L., Repetto, D., Novati, R., Galli, A., Merli, S., Pastecchia, C., Moioli, M. C., Esposito, R., Mussini, C., Abrescia, N., Chirianni, A., Izzo, C. M., Piazza, M., De Marco, M., Viglietti, R., Manzillo, E., Graf, M., Colomba, A., Abbadessa, V., Prestileo, T., Mancuso, S., Ferrari, C., Pizzaferri, P., Filice, G., Minoli, L., Bruno, R., Novati, S., Baldelli, F., Tinca, M., Petrelli, E., Cioppi, A., Alberici, F., Ruggieri, A., Menichetti, F., Martinelli, C., De Stefano, C., La Gala, A., Ballardini, G., Briganti, E., Magnani, G., Ursitti, M. A., Arlotti, M., Ortolani, P., Dianzani, F., Ippolito, G., Antinori, A., Antonucci, G., D'Elia, S., Narciso, P., Petrosillo, N., Vullo, Vincenzo, De Luca, A., Di Giambenedetti, S., Zaccarelli, M., Acinapura, R., De Longis, P., Ciardi, Maria Rosa, D'Offizi, G., Trotta, M. P., Noto, P., Lichtner, Miriam, Capobianchi, M. R., Girardi, E., Rezza, G., Mura, M. S., Mannazzu, M., Resta, F., Loso, K., Caramello, P., Sinicco, A., Soranzo, M. L., Orofino, G., Sciandra, M., Bonasso, M., Grossi, P. A., Basilico, C., Poggio, A., Bottari, G., Raise, E., Pasquinucci, S., De Lalla, F., Tositti, G., and Lepri, A. Cozzi

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, HAART, Settore MED/17 - Malattie Infettive, National Health Programs, Costs per person-year, Health resources, HIV infection, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Cohort Studies, Costs and Cost Analysis, HIV Infections, Health Care Costs, Humans, Italy, Health Policy, Antiretroviral Therapy, Indirect costs, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), medicine, Highly Active, Seroconversion, Health policy, health care economics and organizations, business.industry, Medicine (all), medicine.disease, Antiretroviral therapy, Cohort, Economic evaluation, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Objective: To describe the changes in costs of care for HIV-positive patients in Italy after the spread of antiretroviral combination therapies (HAART).Methods: Five thousand four hundred and twenty-two patients from the I.CO.N.A. (Italian Cohort Naive Antiretrovirals) study were followed between 1997 and 2002. Costs included antiretroviral therapies (ART), hospital admissions, prophylaxis, and main laboratory examinations. The perspective was that of the National Health Service.Results: Admission costs per person-year decreased from 2148 euro in 1997 to 256 in 2002, while the average annual costs of ART increased from 2145 to 3149 euro (1997 prices). From 1997 to]999, ART costs increased from 42.3 to 85.9% of the total, while admission costs decreased from 42.3 to 7.0% and prophylaxis from 7.3 to 1.7%. The breakdown of ART costs shows how dual therapies decreased over time in favor of HAART, falling from 26.8% in 1997 to 5.9% in 2002. Patients with fewer than five treatment switches had the lowest costs distributions over the entire observation period.Conclusions: From 1997 to 2002 inpatient costs progressively decreased in favor of antiretroviral therapy. Annual average costs per patient decreased, while total direct costs increased over time: health resources, initially concentrated on hospitalized patients were then distributed over a growing number of subjects. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2005

22. Virologic and immunologic response to regimens containing nevirapine or efavirenz in combination with 2 nucleoside analogues in the Italian Cohort Naive Antiretrovirals (I.Co.N.A.) study

Author

Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Phillips, Andrew N., D'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Piersantelli, Nicoloò, Orani, Anna, Petrosillo, Nicola, Leoncini, Francesco, Scerbo, Antonio, Tundo, Paolo, Abrescia, Nicola, Montroni, M., Scalise, G., Costantini, Alessia, Del Prete, M. S., Tirelli, U., Nasti, G., Pastore, G., Ladisa, N., Perulli, L. M., Suter, F., Arici, C., Chiodo, F., Gritti, F. M., Colangeli, V., Fiorini, C., Guerra, L., Carosi, G., Cadeo, G. P., Castelli, F., Minardi, C., Vangi, D., Rizzardini, G., Migliorino, G., Manconi, P. E., Piano, P., Ferraro, T., Scerbo, A., Pizzigallo, E., Ricci, Fiammetta, Rinaldi, E., Pusterla, L., Carnevale, G., Galloni, D., Viganò, P., Mena, M., Ghinelli, F., Sighinolfi, L., Leoncini, F., Mazzotta, F., Ambu, S., Lo Caputo, S., Angarano, G., Grisorio, B., Ferrara, S., Grima, P., Tundo, P., Pagano, G., Piersantelli, N., Alessandrini, A., Piscopo, R., Toti, M., Chigiott, S., Soscia, F., Tacconi, L., Orani, A., Castaldo, G., Scasso, A., Vincenti, A., Scalzini, A., Alessi, F., Moroni, M., Lazzarin, A., Cargnel, A., Vigevani, G. M., Caggese, L., d’Arminio Monforte, A., Bongiovanni, M., Novati, R., Delfanti, F., Merli, S., Pastecchia, C., Moioli, C., Esposito, R., Mussini, C., Abrescia, N., Chirianni, A., Izzo, OMAR CARLO ENRICO, Piazza, M., De Marco, M., Montesarchio, V., Manzillo, E., Nappa, S., Colomba, A., Abbadessa, V., Prestileo, T., Mancuso, S., Filice, G., Minoli, L., Bruno, R., Maserati, R., Pauluzzi, S., Tosti, A., Alberici, F., Sisti, M., Menichetti, F., Smorfa, A., De Stefano, C., Lagala, A., Zauli, T., Ballardini, G., Bonazzi, L., Ursitti, M. A., Ciammarughi, R., Ortolani, P., Ortona, L., Dianzani, F., Antinori, A., Antonucci, G., D’Elia, S., Ippolito, G., Narciso, P., Petrosillo, N., Rezza, G., Vullo, V., De Luca, A., Del Forno, A., Capobianchi, M. R., Zaccarelli, M., De Longis, P., Ciardi, M., Girardi, E., D’Offizi, G., Noto, P., Pezzotti, P., Bugarini, R., Lichter, M., Mura, M. S., Mannazzu, M., Caramello, P., Caramello, A., Soranzo, M. L., Gennero, L., Sciandra, M., Salassa, B., Grossi, P. A., Basilico, C., Poggio, A., Bottari, G., Raise, E., Pasquinucci, S., De Lalla, F., Tositti, G., Resta, F., and Chimienti, A.

Subjects
Cyclopropanes, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Efavirenz, Nevirapine, Settore MED/17 - Malattie Infettive, Adolescent, Antiretroviral Therapy, Pharmacology, Efficacy, Cohort Studies, chemistry.chemical_compound, Drug Therapy, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Internal medicine, Oxazines, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Highly Active, Viral, Sida, Aged, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, biology, Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, business.industry, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, Confidence interval, Benzoxazines, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, Alkynes, Cohort, Combination, RNA, Viral, RNA, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, business, Cohort study, medicine.drug
Abstract

This nonrandomized study compared the virologic and immunologic responses to potent regimens containing either efavirenz or nevirapine after considering potential systematic differences between patients receiving these drugs. Virologic failure was defined as the first of 2 consecutive measurements of virus load >500 human immunodeficiency virus RNA copies/mL. Of the 694 patients included in the analysis, 460 (66.3%) started nevirapine and 234 (33.7%) started efavirenz. The adjusted relative hazard of virologic failure for patients who started nevirapine, compared with those who started efavirenz, was 2.08 (95% confidence interval, 1.37-3.15; P=.0006). In addition, patients receiving efavirenz tended to recover 5 CD4 cells/microL more per quarter (P=.05). Although comparisons of drug efficacy in nonrandomized studies should be viewed with caution, no results from randomized controlled comparisons of these drugs are thought to be available. The findings of this study are in agreement with those of other observational studies.

Published
2002

25. Lo studio di coorte I.CO.N.A. (Italian CohOrt Naive Antiretrovirals): caratteristiche all’arruolamento dei primi 1676 soggetti

Author

DARMINIO MONFORTE, A, Arici, C, Ippolito, G., Rezza, G., Angarano, G., Carosi, G., Vhiodo, F., Dianzani, F., Di Luzio Paparatti, U., Lazzarin, A., Ortona, L., Garattini, L., Musicco, M., Pezzotti, P., Vella, S., Abrescia, N., Aceti, A., Alberici, F., Armignacco, O., Bonazzi, L., Cadeo, G. P., Cadrobbi, P., Caggese, L., Cargnel, A., Carnevale, G., Chirianni, A., Ciammarughi, R., Colomba, A., D'Amato, C., De Lalla, F., D'Elia, S., Dealla Santa, M., De Rienzo, B., De Stefano, C., Ferraro, T., Filice, G., Fiori, G. P., Gavazzeni, G., Ghinelli, F., Gioannini, P., Grilone, W., Grima, P., Grisorio, B., Gritti, F. M., Leoncini, F., Manconi, P. E., Mazzotta, F., Milazzo, F., Minoli, L., Montroni, M., Narciso, P., Orani, A., Pauluzzi, S., Piazza, M., Piersantelli, N., Pizzigallo, E., Poggio, A., Reaise, E., Ranieri, S., Resta, F., Rizzo, F., Rosci, M. A., Scalise, G., Scalzini, A., Scasso, A., Soranzo, M. L., Soscia, F., Suter, F., Tirelli, U., Toti, M., Viganò, P., Vigevani, G. M., Vullo, V., Ravasio, L., Girardi, E., Federico, M. D., Castelli, Francesco, Colangeli, V., Capobianchi, M., Sinnone, M. S., Antinori, A., Boccia, L., Mannazzu, M., Sisti, M., DE LOngis, P., Ursitti, M. A., Vangi, D., Scaggiante, R., Moioli, M. C., Adriani, B., Pan, A., Montesarchio, M., Arlotti, M., Prestileo, T., Palmieri, F., Franzetti, M., Ciardi, M., Smorfa, A., Mussini, C., Armignacco, L., Cosco, L., Patruno Savino, F. A., Torre, D., Sighinolfi, L., Sciandra, M., Giacobbi, D., Tundo, P., Ferrara, S., Guerra, L., Ambu, S., Piano, P., Lo Caputo, S., Rizzardini, G., Maserati, R., Costantini, A., D'Offizi, G. P., Castaldo, G., Tosti, A., Nappa, S., Piscopo, R., Ricci, F., Bottari, V., Pasquinucci, S., Ballardini, G., Chimienti, A., Alessandrini, A., Zaccarelli, M., Del Prete, M. S., Costa, P., Vincenti, A., Salassa, B., Tacconi, L., Bottura, P., Nasti, G., Incandela, L., Ghiselli, G. C., Pusterla, L., Lichtner, M., and Moroni, M.

Published
1997

27. Transmission of HIV-associated tuberculosis to healthcare workers

Author

Perri, G. D., Cadeo, G. P., Castelli, F., Micciolo, R., Bassetti, S., Rubini, F., Cazzadori, Angelo Antonio, Marocco, S., Carlotto, A., and Adami, T.

Subjects
Infection Control, complications, HIV Infections, Pulmonary, statistics /&/ numerical data, Hospitalization, Occupational Diseases, Hospital, Italy, Risk Factors, Occupational Exposure, HIV Seropositivity, epidemiology/etiology, Personnel, Humans, Tuberculosis, epidemiology, epidemiology/microbiology/transmission, complications, HIV Seropositivity, Hospitalization, Humans, Infection Control, Italy, epidemiology, Occupational Diseases, epidemiology/etiology, Occupational Exposure, statistics /&/ numerical data, Personnel, statistics /&/ numerical data, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Tuberculosis, Retrospective Studies
Published
1993

31. gammadelta T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with tuberculosis with and without HIV co-infection.

Author

Carvalho, A C C, Matteelli, A, Airò, P, Tedoldi, S, Casalini, C, Imberti, L, Cadeo, G P, Beltrame, A, and Carosi, G

Abstract

Background: Several recent studies suggest that gammadelta T lymphocytes play an important role in immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, the dynamics of these cells in the peripheral blood of patients with tuberculosis (TB) with and without HIV infection is not fully understood. A study was undertaken to evaluate the profile of the gammadelta T cell population in patients at the time the diagnosis of TB was established.Methods: A cross sectional study was performed in consecutive TB patients from the Department of Infectious Diseases, Spedali Civili, Brescia. CD4+, CD8+ and Vdelta1 and Vdelta2 T cell counts were analysed. Lymphocyte surface membrane expression was evaluated with the FITC-TCRgammadelta, -Vdelta1, -Vdelta2 and PE-Vdelta1 monoclonal antibodies. Blood donors and HIV seropositive asymptomatic individuals acted as controls.Results: Seventy four TB patients were evaluated, 20 of whom (27%) were co-infected with HIV. HIV seronegative TB patients (n=54) had total gammadelta T cells and Vdelta1 subsets comparable to those in blood donors (n=39). However, the percentage with the Vdelta2 subset was significantly lower in patients with TB than in controls (median 1.5 v 2.1; p=0.05). Responsiveness to PPD was not associated with predominance of a specific gammadelta T cell subset. HIV seropositive individuals had a decreased percentage of circulating Vdelta2 cells at a level similar to that in HIV seronegative TB patients, regardless of the presence of active TB.Conclusions: HIV seronegative TB patients and HIV infected individuals (with or without active TB) have a reduced number of circulating Vdelta2 T cells compared with healthy individuals. Whether TB and HIV infection share a common mechanism causing Vdelta2 T cell depletion still needs to be established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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32. Yδ T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with tuberculosis with and without HIV co-infection.

Author

Carvlho, A. C. C., Matteelli, A., Airà, P., Tedoldi, S., Casalini, C., Imberti, L., Cadeo, G. P., Beltrame, A., and Carosi, G.

Subjects
TUBERCULOSIS, HIV infections, BLOOD donors, PATIENTS, T cells, MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis, IMMUNITY, CELLS, MONOCLONAL antibodies
Abstract

Background: Several recent studies suggest that yδ T lymphocytes play an important role in immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, the dynamics of these cells in the peripheral blood of patients with tuberculosis (TB) with and without HIV infection is not fully understood. A study was undertaken to evaluate the profile of the yδ T cell population in patients at the time the diagnosis of TB was established. Methods: A cross sectional study was performed in consecutive TB patients from the Department of Infectious Diseases, Spedali Civili, Brescia. CD4+, CD8+ and Vδ1 and Vδ2 cell counts were analysed. Lymphocyte surface membrane expression was evaluated with the FITC-TCRγδ, -Vδ1, Vδ2 and PE-Vδ1 monoclonal antibodies. Blood donors and HIV seropositive asymptomatic individuals acted as controls. Results: Seventy four TB patients were evaluated, 20 of whom (27%) were co-infected with HIV. HIV seronegative TB patients (n=54) had total γδ T cells and Vδ2 subsets comparable to those in blood donors (n=39). However, the percentage with the Vδ2 subset was significantly lower in patients with TB than in controls (median 1 .5 v 2.1; p=0.05). Responsiveness to PPD was not associated with predominance of a specific γδ cell subset. HIV seropositive individuals had a decreased percentage of circulating Vδ2 cells at a level similar to that in HIY seronegative TB patients, regardless of the presence of active TB. Conclusions: HIV seronegative TB patients and HIV infected individuals (with or without active TB) have a reduced number of circulating Vδ2 T cells compared with healthy individuals. Whether TB and HIV infection share a common mechanism causing Vδ2 T cell depletion still needs to be established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002

34. Changing patterns of HIV transmission and better targeting for intervention strategies.

Author

Donisi, A, Tomasoni, D, Ripamonti, D, Milini, P, Palvarini, L, Cattane, A, Paraninfo, G, Casari, S, Cadeo, G P, and Carosi, G

Subjects
HIV prevention, HIV infection transmission, INTRAVENOUS drug abuse, AGE distribution, SEX distribution
Abstract

We considered the HIV population of our area, comparing demographic characteristics between 2 consecutive 6-year periods to assess the current patterns of HIV transmission. All HIV-positive patients referred to our hospital from January 1985 to December 1996 were included in the study and were classified into 2 periods: A (January 1985 to December 1990) and B (anuary 1991 to December 1996). The variables analysed were: sex, age at first visit, HIV risk category. A total of 4284 HIV subjects were observed, 2306 in period A vs 1978 in period B (P=ns). Males were 76.3% vs 75.2% (P=ns). Mean age for males was 27.4 vs 32.4 years (P < 0.001) and for females 25.4 vs 30.1 years (P < 0.001). Intravenous drug users (IVDUs) were 88.4% vs 65.4% (P < 0.001), 'heterosexuals' 14.3% vs 24.8% (P < 0.001), 'men who have sex with men' 2.4% vs 4.8% (P < 0.001). Mean age by the main risk groups was: IVDUs 25.9 vs 29.7 years (P < 0.001); heterosexuals 30.4 vs 36 years (P=0.007); 'men who have sex with men' 35 vs 35 years. In conclusion, our study confirms the emerging role of heterosexuals in the current HIV epidemic. People older than teenagers seem to have misperceived their own risk of HIV infection, given the increase in the mean age occurred in the most recent years. This trend suggests the need for prevention strategies focusing more on heterosexual transmission and older people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998

35. Cefotaxime in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum in patients with purulent meningitis.

Author

Peretti, P., Sueri, L., Tosi, M., Ciammarughi, R., Cadeo, G. P., and Milanesi, B.

Abstract

Cefotaxime concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum were determined in patients with purulent meningitis by means of a simple, rapid and reproducible method in agar medium.The CSF concentrations of cefotaxime fluctuated around 4 mg/l. The pharmacokinetics of the antibiotic in relation to the integrity of the blood-brain barrier was studied by means of an assay of the albumin and IgG present in the cerebrospinal fluid and in the serum. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1984

36. A Multiphase Model of the Dynamics of HBV Infection in Hbeag-Negative Patients during Pegylated Interferon-a2A, Lamivudine and Combination Therapy

Author

Colombatto, Piero, Civitano, Luigi, Bizzarri, Ranieri, Oliveri, Filippo, Choudhury, Somesh, Gieschke, Ronald, Bonino, Ferruccio, Brunetto, Maurizia R, Farci, P, Germanidis, G, Kittis, G, Cadeo, G, Pastore, G, and Hadziyannis, S

Abstract

Using a multiphase bio-mathematical model, we studied the dynamics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in 72 HBeAg-negative patients who received 48 weeks of either lamivudine (3TC; 25 patients); pegylated interferon-a2a (peg-IFN-a2a) 180 mg weekly plus 3TC (23 patients), or peg-IFN-a2a 180 mg weekly plus placebo (24 patients).During the first month of therapy most of the 3TC -/+ peg-IFN-a2a treated patients showed a multiphase decay of viral load: during the first two phases, where we hypothesized a direct inhibition of virus production, the mean viral production per infected cell was reduced by 2.22 log10and 2.36 log10, respectively. At variance, peg-IFN-a2a treated patients had a biphasic profile: the first phase HBV DNA decline was slower than that observed in 3TC patients (mean HBV DNA t1/2=1.6 ±1.1 days and 9.5 ±3.0 h, respectively) and the direct antiviral effect reduced virus production by 1.14 log10From day 14 onwards (third or second phase according to multi- or biphasic patterns), HBV DNA declined mainly because of the infected hepatocyte clearance that slowed down in approximately 50% of the patients from day 35, possibly because of a negative feedback on the immune system activity. Computing the number of infected cells at the end of therapy we found that peg-IFN-a2a and 3TC monotherapy determined a similar reduction of infected hepatocytes (mean: -3.3 log10), whereas there was a greater reduction in combination therapy patients (-5.0 versus -3.3 log10, P=0.039). In conclusion, peg-IFN-a2a, in spite of having direct antiviral activity lower than that of 3TC, achieved a comparable reduction of infected hepatocytes, possibly because of a higher infected cell clearance rate.

Published
2006
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37. Pediatric migration and hepatitis A risk in host population.

Author

Castelli, Francesco, Matteelli, Alberto, Signorini, Liana, Scalvini, Chiara, Romano, Luisa, Tanzi, Elisabetta, Brunori, Agostino, Cadeo, Gian Pietro, Zanetti, Alessandro R., Castelli, F, Matteelli, A, Signorini, L, Scalvini, C, Romano, L, Tanzi, E, Brunori, A, Cadeo, G P, and Zanetti, A R

Published
1999
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40. Prophylactic and therapeutic guidelines for yeast mucosal infections in HIV-infected individuals

Author

Farina, C., Carnevale, G., Mazzoni, A., Carosi, G., Agrappi, C., Alberici, F., Antinozzi, R., Cadeo, G., Caggese, L., Cargnei, M. A., Carretto, E., Casari, S., Castelnuovo, F., Ceruti, T., Cremoni, L., Ferrari, L., Filice, G., Finazzi, M. G., Fiori, G. P., Gavazzeni, G., Maria Rita Gismondo, Goglio, A., Grigis, A., Gulminetti, R., Lazzarin, A., Lombardi, G., Magliano, E., Magnani, L., Malacrida, V., Marone, P., Maserati, R., Michelone, G., Milazzo, F., Minoli, L., Morandini, B., Moroni, M., Orani, A. M., Ossi, M. C., Pantano, E., Pinsi, G., Pirola, F., Rescaldani, R., Scalzini, A., Suter, F., Tambini, R., Toniolo, A., Troina, E., Vailati, F., Viale, P., and Vigevani, G. M.

41. Impact of mutations conferring reduced susceptibility to lamivudine on the response to antiretroviral therapy

Author

Perno, C. F., Cozzi-Lepri, A., Balotta, C., Forbici, F., Violin, M., Bertoli, A., Facchi, G., Pezzotti, P., Angarano, G., Arici, C., Narciso, P., Orani, A., Raise, E., Scalzini, A., Poggio, A., Ippolito, G., Moroni, M., D Arminio Monforte, A., Montroni, M., Scalise, G., Costantini, A., Del Prete, M. S., Tirelli, U., Nasti, G., Pastore, G., Perulli, L. M., Suter, F., Chiodo, F., Gritti, F. M., Colangeli, V., Fiorini, C., Guerra, L., Carosi, G., Cadeo, G. P., Francesco Castelli, Minardi, C., Vangi, D., Rizzardini, G., Migliorino, G., Manconi, P. E., Piano, P., Ferraro, T., Cosco, L., Pizzigallo, E., Ricci, F., Vigevani, G. M., Pusterla, L., Carnevale, G., Pan, A., Viganò, P., Mena, M., Ghinelli, F., Sighinolfi, L., Leoncini, F., Mazzotta, F., Ambu, S., Lo Caputo, S., Grisorio, B., Ferrara, S., Grima, P., Tundo, P., Pagano, G., Piersantelli, N., Alessandrini, A., Piscopo, R., Toti, M., Chigiotti, Soscia, F., Tacconi, L., Castaldo, G., Scasso, A., Vincenti, A., Scalzini, F., and Alessi, F.

42. Incidence and clinicopathological heterogeneity of HIV-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Author

Giuseppe Rossi, Cadeo G, Stellini R, Zorzi F, Favret M, Sueri L, Carosi G, Mariano M, and Marinone G

Subjects
Adult, Male, Incidence, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, HIV Seropositivity, Humans, Female
Abstract

The characteristics of 14 HIV-seropositive patients with NHL consecutively observed between 1984 and 1988 at our Institution are described. Patients belonged to a known population of 1242 HIV-seropositive individuals in whom the incidence of NHL was 1.13%, significantly higher than in age-matched controls (P less than .0001). Within this population, a previous diagnosis of ARC or AIDS, but not of LAS, was the only significant risk factor for the development of NHL (P less than .0001). According to the status of HIV infection at the time of NHL diagnosis, two groups of patients could be clearly identified with different clinicopathological features and prognosis. In fact, NHL developing in 7 patients previously affected by ARC or AIDS, presented as localized, extranodal disease, predominantly in the CNS; large cell histology, peripheral blood cytopenia, severe immunodeficiency and poor prognosis further distinguished this subgroup. Conversely, NHL developing in 7 patients with either asymptomatic HIV-seropositivity or LAS, more often presented as disseminated disease both in nodal and extranodal sites, with Burkitt's-type histology. Cytopenia was uncommon and immunodeficiency was significantly less severe. In this subgroup complete remission (CR) was achieved with aggressive treatment in 6 of 7 patients. No relapses occurred but two opportunistic infection-related deaths were observed. Four patients are alive 6-34 months after CR, two of whom show newly developed opportunistic infections.

43. Effects of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in patients treated with ProMACE-CytaBOM for HIV-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL)

Author

Rossi, G., Donisi, A., Casari, S., Alessandro Re, Stellini, R., Cadeo, G., and Carosi, G.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Cytarabine, HIV, Middle Aged, Recombinant Proteins, Cohort Studies, Bleomycin, Methotrexate, Treatment Outcome, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, Humans, Prednisone, Female, Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide, Lymphoma, AIDS-Related, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

The use of hematopoietic growth factors in association with chemotherapy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) has been recommended, but few studies have evaluated its cost-effectiveness.The effects of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) were analyzed in 33 consecutive patients with HIV-related NHL treated at a single institution with the same chemotherapy program, ProMACE-CytaBOM, with G-CSF, in 21 cases diagnosed after December 31, 1991, or without G-CSF, in 12 cases diagnosed earlier. Pearson's chi-square analysis and the two-sided Student's t-test were used for statistical comparisons. The method of Kaplan-Meyer and the log-rank-test were used for survival analyses.G-CSF support significantly reduced the frequency of day-1 drug dose reductions (p0.001) and of chemotherapy delays (p0.001), and improved the actual delivered doses of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and etoposide (p0.02). In patients with a CD4+ count0.01 x 10(9)/L, chemotherapy could be given at full doses in 90% of cycles with G-CSF compared to only 20% without it. G-CSF affected neither the frequency and duration of fever and hospitalization nor the complete remission and survival rates after stratification according to the CD4+ count.G-CSF support significantly improved dose-intensity in patients with HIV-related NHL treated with aggressive chemotherapy, particularly in the subgroup with a CD4+ count0.1 x 10(9)/L, but it did not improve their clinical outcome.

45. Adriamycin, bleomycin and vinblastine (ABV) chemotherapy with recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rG-CSF) in the treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma

Author

Bertelli, D., Barni, C., Cristini, G., Zaniboni, A., Meriggi, F., and Cadeo, G.

Subjects
Drug therapy, Evaluation, Health aspects, Kaposi's sarcoma -- Drug therapy, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor -- Health aspects, AIDS (Disease) -- Drug therapy, Chemotherapy -- Health aspects, Vinblastine -- Evaluation, Bleomycin -- Evaluation, Cancer -- Chemotherapy
Abstract

'Adriamycin, Bleomycin and Vinblastine (ABV) Chemotherapy with Recombinant Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (rG-CSF) in the Treatment of AIDS-Related Kaposi's Sarcoma.' D. Bertelli, C. Barni, G. Cristini, A. Zaniboni, F. Meriggi and [...]

Published
1995

48. Lower limb myalgias in a man who used to "climb the stairs": an atypical abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Author

Dognini GP, Cadeo G, Dolcino L, Gilardoni L, Stringhi E, and Forloni F

Subjects
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal diagnosis, Aortic Rupture diagnosis, Emergency Service, Hospital, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal complications, Aortic Rupture complications, Leg, Musculoskeletal Pain etiology
Abstract

Atypical presentation of emergency abdominal aortic aneurysm comprises a wide spectrum of symptoms. Lower limbs' involvement is infrequent, usually monolateral and with clear vascular features. We report the case of a 58-year-old patient who complained exclusively about symmetric lower limb myalgias without vascular features, after having repeatedly climbed the stairs of the school he worked in. The surprising final diagnosis was of rupturing abdominal aortic aneurysm; the patient was sent to emergency surgery and survived.

Published
2012
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49. Minor mutations in HIV protease at baseline and appearance of primary mutation 90M in patients for whom their first protease-inhibitor antiretroviral regimens failed.

Author

Perno CF, Cozzi-Lepri A, Forbici F, Bertoli A, Violin M, Stella Mura M, Cadeo G, Orani A, Chirianni A, De Stefano C, Balotta C, and d'Arminio Monforte A

Subjects
Cohort Studies, Drug Resistance, Viral genetics, Female, HIV genetics, HIV Infections virology, HIV Protease metabolism, HIV Protease Inhibitors therapeutic use, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Point Mutation, RNA, Viral chemistry, RNA, Viral genetics, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, HIV enzymology, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Protease genetics, HIV Protease Inhibitors pharmacology, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors pharmacology
Abstract

The association between minor mutations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease at baseline and development of common primary mutation 90M at virological failure (conferring some resistance to all protease inhibitors [PIs]) was evaluated in 93 previously drug-naive patients experiencing failure of their first PI-based antiretroviral regimens. In logistic regression analysis, the probability of accumulating a new 90M mutation at virological failure was associated with the presence at baseline of minor mutation 36I (naturally occurring in approximately 25% of HIV clade B and in >80% of HIV non-clade-B viruses) (adjusted odds ratio, 13.5 [95% confidence interval, 1.89-95.6]; P=.009) and, possibly, of 10I/V. This suggests a potential role for the presence of 36I at baseline in predicting the appearance of 90M at virological failure.

Published
2004
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50. Coinfection with hepatitis viruses and outcome of initial antiretroviral regimens in previously naive HIV-infected subjects.

Author

De Luca A, Bugarini R, Lepri AC, Puoti M, Girardi E, Antinori A, Poggio A, Pagano G, Tositti G, Cadeo G, Macor A, Toti M, and D'Arminio Monforte A

Subjects
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections epidemiology, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections immunology, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Cohort Studies, Disease Progression, Female, HIV Infections immunology, Hepacivirus genetics, Hepacivirus immunology, Hepatitis B Antibodies blood, Hepatitis B virus genetics, Hepatitis B virus immunology, Hepatitis C Antibodies blood, Humans, Italy epidemiology, Linear Models, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Proportional Hazards Models, Prospective Studies, RNA, Viral blood, Time Factors, Viral Load, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections drug therapy, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, HIV Infections drug therapy, Hepacivirus isolation & purification, Hepatitis B complications, Hepatitis B virus isolation & purification, Hepatitis C complications
Abstract

Background: The effect of chronic coinfection with hepatitis viruses on the response to therapy against human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) remains debated., Methods: In a prospective cohort study, the effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) serostatus on the outcome of potent HIV-1 therapy was analyzed in HIV-1-infected patients previously naive to antiretroviral therapy. Changes from baseline CD4+ cell counts and HIV RNA levels over time were analyzed by linear regression models. Time to clinical progression and time to reach virologic and immunologic response were analyzed by multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models., Results: We studied 1320 patients, among whom 600 were HCV antibody-positive and 90 were HBV surface antigen-positive. During a median follow-up of 37 months (range, 1-48 months), clinical progression was observed in 99 patients (56 new acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining events and 43 deaths). In multivariate models, HCV-positive HBV-negative patients showed a shorter time to clinical progression (hazard ratio, 1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-2.41). Patients who were HCV-positive also showed mean CD4+ recoveries over time that were at least 30 cells/ micro L fewer than those of seronegative patients. Hepatitis virus serostatus did not affect the virologic response to HIV-1 therapy., Conclusions: Clinical progression of HIV-1 disease after starting potent antiretroviral therapy is accelerated by concomitant infection with HCV. Compared with patients without coinfection, coinfected patients showed impaired CD4+ cell recovery, despite similar virologic response to HIV-1 therapy. These findings may have important implications for the treatment of HCV and for the timing of initiation of HIV-1 therapy in coinfected individuals.

Published
2002
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