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Zonocypris dorsoconvexa sp. nov. (Fig. 3) ZooBank-link: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F2A2EDDA-1D45-4290-8FB4-89C3D10B00C2 Etymology: The specific name is derived from Latin convexus (meaning convex) and refers to the dorsal outline. Type-locality: Crato Municipality, Ceará State, Northeast Brazil. Type-horizon: Late Aptian. Crato Formation, Santana Group, Araripe Basin, Brazil. 2-AR-SR-1A-CE well core (coordinates: 7°17’29.88” S and 39°23’34.84” W) sample, depth interval 134.00– 134.05 m. Material: three carapaces (two adults; one juvenile). Holotype: LMA-00333, adult male; L: 0.42 mm, H: 0.24 mm, W: 0.27 mm (Figs 3A–D). 2-AR-SR-1A-CE well core sample, depth interval 134.00– 134.05 m. Paratypes: LMA-00306, female, L: 0.41 mm, H: 0.27 mm, W: 0.27 mm (Fig. 3E), 2-AR-SR-1A-CE well core sample, depth interval 134.00– 134.05 m. LMA-00334, C, juvenile, L: 0.33 mm, H: 0.21 mm. W: 0.22 mm (Figs 3F–H), 2-AR-SR-1A-CE well core sample, depth interval 124.55–124.58 m. Repository: Collection from Laboratório de Micropaleontologia Aplicada [Applied Micropaleontology Laboratory] (LMA) from UFPE, Recife, Brazil. Diagnosis: A species of Zonocypris with a small, sub-rectangular to sub-ovate carapace in lateral view, with the typical ornamentation of concentric ribs almost horizontal in the central and ventral areas; intercostal areas smooth and slightly thicker than the ribs. Description: Small carapace, sub-rectangular to sub-ovate in lateral view. Carapace ovoid, in dorsal and ventral views, posteriorly broadened, anteriorly acuminate. LV larger than RV, uniformly overlapping it along all margins, except in the ventral margin. Greatest height at mid-length in females, in front of middle in males. Greatest length below mid-height. Greatest width in posterior third. Dorsal margin convex, ventral margin almost straight; anterior margin sub-rounded, posterior margin truncated and projected downwards. Sexual dimorphism pronounced, with females higher, less elongated, more inflated and dorsally more convex than males. Concentric ribs parallel to margins on carapace periphery. In central region of carapace, ribs more triangular shape, being almost horizontal in ventral zone. Intercostal areas smooth and slightly thicker than ribs. On ribs, or adjacent to them, simple normal pore canals (type A’ of Puri & Dickau 1969 and A1 of Danielopol et al. 2018) are abundant, some of which seemingly with marginal lip (type A” of Puri & Dickau 1969 and A2 of Danielopol et al. 2018), bad preservation of specimens not allowing for more detailed description (Fig. 3H). Marginal pore canals also present, more densely arranged (Fig. 3D). Internal features not seen. Remarks: This species differs from the previous Z onocypris berthoui sp. nov. in general outline, mainly the dorsal one, less robust ribs and the posterior position of greatest width. Zonocypris dorsoconvexa sp. nov. resembles Zonocypris sp. 1 from the Early Aptian of Portugal (Cabral 1995), but the latter has a straighter ventral margin and a more marked posterior end; the ornamentation is also slightly different with the ribs more inclined in the ventral area. The species Zonocypris sp., recorded from the Early Cretaceous from Argentina (Carignano et al. 2017), differs from Zonocypris dorsoconvexa sp. nov. in the more rounded anterior margin, and position of the greatest width in the posterior quarter of the carapace. Occurrence: Late Aptian, Crato Formation, Araripe Basin, Crato Municipality, Ceará State, Brazil (this study).

Zonocypris berthoui sp. nov. (Fig. 2) 1994 Zonocypris sp. Berthou et al.: 541, pl. 1, figs 8–10. 1997 Zonocypris sp. Colin & Dépêche: 433, figs 2–14, 2–17. ZooBank-link: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 879AA9BD-FBAA-4B02-945F-41844FAB3DE0 Etymology: In honor of the late Pierre-Yves Berthou, for his pioneering studies on ostracods of the Araripe Basin, including the first record of the species described herein. Type-locality: Nova Olinda Municipality, Ceará State, Northeast Brazil. Type-horizon: Late Aptian. Crato Formation, Santana Group, Araripe Basin, Brazil. Outcrop sample 1BAr17a, coordinates 7°06’52.3”S, 39°41’51.5”W. Material: Four adult carapaces. Holotype: LMA-00305, C, Adult female; L: 0.40 mm, H: 0.28 mm, W: 0.26 mm (Figs 2A–F). Outcrop sample 1BAr17a (Três Irmãos Quarry). Paratypes: LMA-00331, C, Adult male, L: 0.42 mm, H: 0.28 mm. W: 0.27 mm (Figs 2G–H), 2-AR-SR-1A-CE well core sample from depth interval 124.55–124.58 m; LMA-00332, Adult female L: 0.42 mm, H: 0.22 mm, W: 0.31 mm (Figs 2I–K), 2-AR-SR-1A-CE well core sample from depth interval 121.05–121.09 m. Repository: Collection of the Laboratório de Micropaleontologia Aplicada [Applied Micropaleontology Laboratory] (LMA) from UFPE, Recife, Brazil. Diagnosis: A species of Zonocypris with a small, sub-ovate to sub-triangular carapace in lateral view, with the typical ornamentation of thick, concentric ribs (except in the central area, where three sub-rectilinear ribs are present) containing abundant normal pore canals; intercostal areas narrow and smooth. Description: Small carapace, sub-ovate to sub-triangular in lateral view; strongly tumid, with biconvex dorsal and ventral views. Valves slightly unequal, LV overlapping the RV on all sides. Greatest height located in anteromedian area, at anterior cardinal angle; height c. 2/3 of length in females. Greatest length below mid-height. Greatest width slightly posterior to mid-length, larger than half of length in females, smaller in males. Dorsal margin sub-rectilinear and short, ventral margin convex; anterior margin broadly rounded, posterior end infracurvate and subacute. Sexual dimorphism present, with female carapace more inflated in dorsal view, and male carapace more elongate and subtriangular laterally. Surface entirely covered by coarse, sub-oval and regularly distributed concentric ribs, except in central area, where three sub-rectilinear ribs are present. In dorsal and ventral views, ribs are subparallel to major axis. Intercostal areas smooth and narrower than ribs. Abundant, round, simple normal pore canals (type A’ of Puri & Dickau 1969 and A1 of Danielopol et al. 2018) occur on ribs or adjacent to them throughout valve surface (Figs 2I and K). Some best preserve pores with very thin lip around hole, seen at high-resolution (Figs 2F and J), possibly belonging to the type A” of Puri & Dickau (1969) and A2 of Danielopol et al. (2018). Marginal pore canals also present, densely arranged (Fig. 2E). Presence of microdenticles in anteroventral area only observed when carapace is disarticulated or broken in this zone (Fig. 2K). Other internal features not available. Remarks: Normal pore canals and marginal pore canals are rarely referred to in the descriptions of Zonocypris species, probably because they both require high magnifications of SEM images to be clearly observed; moreover, many descriptions of Zonocypris species predated the widespread use of SEM, particularly those of recent species, where these small structures are easier to see. However, in recent publications with SEM images, the normal pore canals are often visible at high magnifications. We verified their presence in several fossil and extant species, always located on the ribs or adjacent to them; in Whatley et al. (2002) the presence of normal pore canals on the ribs of Zonocypris labyrinthicus Whatley, Bajpai & Srinivasan, 2002 was noted. The marginal pore canals are more difficult to observe. In Krstić (2006) there is a figure (Pl. LXVI, fig. 8) with the marginal pore canals of Zonocypris membranae quadricella Stancheva, 1966; the author described them as “long, thin and densely arranged”. The presence of microdenticles in the RV is common in extant and sub-fossil species of Zonocypris. In the description of the extant Zonocypris cordata Sars, 1924, from South Africa, the author refers to a “row of minute tubercles”, “both in front and behind” on the RV; microdenticles are also present in the anterior and posterior-ventral parts of the selvage of the RV of a very well preserved Holocene species from Mozambique (MCC observation on material from M. J. Martins, ICArEHB, Universidade do Algarve, Portugal, Project InMoz -PTDC/HAR-ARQ/28148/2017, ongoing studies); in the extant Zonocypris mardinensis Külköylüoðlu et al., 2021, from Turkey, the presence of a row of fine denticles is referred to, but only in the posterior part of the calcified inner lamella of the RV (in the selvage, as we can see in fig. 4F, of Külköylüoðlu et al. 2021). The lack of descriptions of these structures in fossil species is probably due to the rarity of loose valves where they can be observed. Zonocypris berthoui sp. nov. differs from other Early Cretaceous species of the genus mainly by its sub-triangular to ovoid outline and the ribs distribution pattern. Compared to Zonocypris ? expansa Tian & Zhao, 1982, from the Aptian-Albian of NE China, it is significantly smaller, with a very different lateral outline and thicker ribs. Zonocypris sp. recorded by Carignano et al. (2017) in the Barremian?–Aptian interval of Argentina has a rounded sub-trapezoidal outline in lateral view, a greatest width clearly in the posterior third and more asymmetrical arrangement of the concentric ribs in the center of the valve. Some species from the Late Cretaceous resemble our proposed species. In India, Zonocypris labyrinthicus Whatley, Bajpai & Srinivasan, 2002 from the Maastrichtian of Mohagaonkala, and Zonocypris gujaratensis Bhandari & Colin, 1999, from the Upper Maastrichtian-Base of Paleocene? of Anjar, Kachchh, Gujarat State, also show sexual dimorphism, but have a very small carapace with a more rounded lateral outline than Z. berthoui sp. nov.; moreover Z. labyrinthicus has RV>LV and lacks the ribs in the central part of the valves, and in Z. gujaratensis the greatest height is almost in the middle of the length. Zonocypris spirula Whatley & Bajpai, 2000, from the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene of India, differs from the present species in having a very small carapace with spirally arranged ornament comprising a single helicoidal rib coiled on the valve surface. The Campanian Zonocypris digitalis Babinot, 2003, from south-east France, presents a similar rib pattern, but differs in the truncated anterior and posterior margins, and in size, which is very small. The specimen of Zonocypris ? sp. from the Campanian–Early Maastrichtian? of Mali, figured in Colin et al. (1996), very likely belongs to the genus and shows similarities with Z. berthoui sp. nov., however it has an almost round outline and the intercostal areas are pitted. Occurrence: Late Aptian, Crato Formation, Araripe Basin, Barbalha, Crato and Nova Olinda municipalities, Ceará State, Brazil (Berthou et al. 1994; Colin & Dépêche 1997; this study).

Genus Zonocypris G. W. Müller, 1898 Type-species: Zonocypris costata (Vávra, 1897) Syn.: Zonocypris madagascarensis G. W. Müller, 1898, Published as part of Piovesan, Enelise Katia, Melo, Gustavo Dias, Cabral, Maria Cristina & Guzmán, Juliana, 2022, New Early Cretaceous species of Zonocypris G. W. Müller, 1898 (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from the Crato Formation, Brazil, pp. 581-591 in Zootaxa 5141 (6) on page 583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.6.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6598161, {"references":["Muller, G. W. (1898) Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise in Madagaskar und Ost-Afrika 1889 - 1895 von Dr A Voeltzkow: Die Ostracoden. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 21, 255 - 296.","Vavra, W. (1897) Dis suesswasser-Ostracoden Deutsch-Ost-Afrikas. Deutsch-Ost-Afrika, 4 (21 / 3), 1 - 28."]}

Schuleridea posterospinata Damotte, Cabral & Berthou, 1990 Holotype: carapace, male, no catalogue number in original paper (plate 3, fig. 10) = SMF Xe 23562. Paratypes: ‘about 30’ and no catalogue numbers cited in original paper, in fact 21. Paratypes in original plate 3, figs 7, 8, 9, 11 = SMF Xe 23563 to Xe 23566. Seventeen unfigured paratypes in slide SMF Xe 23567.

Phraterfabanella boomeri Cabral & Colin in Cabral, Colin, Azer��do, Silva & Duarte, 2015 Holotype: carapace, female, CJH2014-01 (plate 1, fig. 15) = SMF Xe 23675. Paratypes: eight with catalogue numbers CJP2014-01 to CJP2014-08 = SMF Xe 23676 to Xe 23683., Published as part of Cabral, Maria Cristina & Lord, Alan, 2017, Mesozoic Ostracoda from Portugal (Cabral Type Collection), pp. 140-144 in Zootaxa 4306 (1) on page 144, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4306.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/843077, {"references":["Cabral, M. C., Colin, J. - P., Azeredo, A. C., Silva, R. L. & Duarte, L. V. (2015) Brackish and marine ostracode assemblages from the Sinemurian of western Portugal, with descriptions of new species. Micropaleontology, 61, 3 - 24."]}

Asciocythere algarvensis Damotte, Cabral & Berthou, 1990 Holotype: carapace, female, no catalogue number in original paper (plate 2, figs 15–16) = SMF Xe 23550. Paratypes: ‘about 30’ and no catalogue numbers in original paper, in fact 31. Paratype in original plate 2, fig. 17 = SMF Xe 23551. Twenty-nine unfigured paratypes in slide SMF Xe 23552. Remarks. Figured specimen in plate 2, fig. 18, not paratype, lost. Synonymy and taxonomic note: 1988 Asciocythere lusitanica sp. nov. —Damotte, Ramalho & Rey, 40, plate 1, figs 3–6 [females]. 1988 Dolocytheridea ? sp. 251—Damotte, Ramalho & Rey, 41, plate 1, figs 7–9. [males]. 1990 Asciocythere algarvensis sp. nov. —Damotte, Cabral & Berthou, 81, plate 2, figs 15–18 [females]. 1990 Dolocytheridea vendaensis sp. nov. —Damotte, Cabral & Berthou, 83, plate 3, figs 1–3 [males]. 2003 Fossocytheridea lusitanica (Damotte, Ramalho & Rey, 1988) —Tibert, Colin, Leckie & Babinot, 210, table 1. [males and females] This ‘species’ represents females of A. lusitanica Damotte, Ramalho & Rey, 1988 and lusitanica is now considered a species of Fossocytheridea Swain & Brown, 1964 (Tibert et al. 2003). In our opinion Dolocytheridea ? sp. 251 represents the males of A. lusitanica. A. lusitanica was described based on female specimens only and A. algarvensis is a synonym also based exclusively on females. See Dolocytheridea vendaensis below, a species based on males, and which is in fact A. lusitanica. Thus, all the species in the synonymy list above are F. lusitanica. For completeness of the record, 11 males are included in slide SMF Xe 23553 as supplementary material from the same sample as ‘ A. algarvensis ’.

Heterocypris berthoui Cabral & Colin in Cabral, Colin & Azerêdo, 2008 Holotype: carapace, female, CCH 200501 (plate 2, fig. 9) = SMF Xe 23650. Paratypes: twenty-four with catalogue numbers CCP 200502 to CCP 200525 = SMF Xe 23651 to Xe 23674. Text in original paper says 25 paratypes, in fact 24; see Appendix B of Cabral et al. (2008).

Klieana ? coimbraensis Cabral & Colin in Cabral, Colin, Azer��do, Silva & Duarte, 2015 Holotype: carapace, female, CJH2014-02 (plate 2, fig. 1) = SMF Xe 23684. Paratypes: ten with catalogue numbers CJP2014-09 to CJP 2014-18 = SMF Xe 23685 to Xe 23694., Published as part of Cabral, Maria Cristina & Lord, Alan, 2017, Mesozoic Ostracoda from Portugal (Cabral Type Collection), pp. 140-144 in Zootaxa 4306 (1) on page 144, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4306.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/843077, {"references":["Cabral, M. C., Colin, J. - P., Azeredo, A. C., Silva, R. L. & Duarte, L. V. (2015) Brackish and marine ostracode assemblages from the Sinemurian of western Portugal, with descriptions of new species. Micropaleontology, 61, 3 - 24."]}

Candona ? parvissima Cabral & Colin, 2002 Holotype: carapace, female, JCAH-199904 (fig. 11A) lost. Paratypes: ten with catalogue number JCAP-199904. Six paratypes figured in original figs 11B–H (specimen in fig. 11H is same as fig. 11G) were not designated as paratypes in figure caption of original paper and are lost. Four remaining paratypes = SMF Xe 23633 to Xe 23636 (Figs 1 A–D herein), and supplementary material of 2 valves in slide SMF Xe 23637.

Dolocytheridea dilatata Damotte, Cabral & Berthou, 1990 Holotype: carapace, male, no catalogue number in original paper (plate 2, fig. 23) = SMF Xe 23554. Paratypes: ‘about 10’ and no catalogue numbers cited in original paper, in fact 8. Paratype in original plate 2, fig. 22 = SMF Xe 23555. Paratype in original plate 2, fig. 24 lost. Six unfigured paratypes in slide SMF Xe 23556. Synonymy and taxonomic note: 1990 Dolocytheridea dilatata sp. nov. —Damotte, Cabral & Berthou, 82, plate 2, figs 22–24 [males]. 1990 Asciocythere lusitanica Damotte, Ramalho & Rey, 1988 —Damotte, Cabral & Berthou, 82, plate 2, figs 19–21 [females]. 2017 Asciocythere dilatata (Damotte, Cabral & Berthou, 1990) —herein. Confusion between males and females led to dilatata being described based only on males, see synonyms above. Herein, six female specimens of dilatata are added in slide SMF Xe 23557 as supplementary material for completeness of the record of this species. Female specimens figured in Damotte et al. (1990, plate 2, figs 19–21) are named as Asciocythere lusitanica. The generic placement is considered to be Asciocythere Swain, 1952, not Dolocytheridea Triebel, 1938, because the hingement in Dolocytheridea is holomerodont with a very short median element whereas in Asciocythere it is antimerodont-hemimerodont (Swain 1952: p. 75) and is clearly antimerodont in this material. Moreover, the lateral outline of the Portuguese material matches that of Asciocythere as figured by Swain (1952).

Dolocytheridea vendaensis Damotte, Cabral & Berthou, 1990 Holotype: carapace, male, no catalogue number in original paper (plate 3, fig. 2) = SMF Xe 23558. Paratypes: ‘about 10’ and no catalogue numbers cited in original paper, in fact 7. Paratypes in original plate 3, figs 1, 3 = SMF Xe 23559 and Xe 23560. Five unfigured paratypes in slide SMF Xe 23561.

Veenia ? correia correiai Damotte, Cabral & Berthou, 1990 Holotype: carapace, male, no catalogue number in original paper (plate 2, fig. 13) = SMF Xe 23545. Paratypes: ‘about 30’ and no catalogue numbers cited in original paper, in fact 29. Paratypes in original plate 2, figs 11, 12, 14 = SMF Xe 23546 to 23548. Twenty-six unfigured paratypes in slide SMF Xe 23549. Remarks. As a result of a printer error the species name is incorrectly spelled as ‘ correia ’ and duplicated (as the correct spelling) so that it appears as a new subspecies; the correct name is Veenia ? correiai and there is no subspecies.

Paracypris lusitanicus Damotte, Cabral & Berthou, 1990 Holotype: carapace, no catalogue number in original paper (plate 1, fig. 9) = SMF Xe 23537. Paratypes: ���about 20��� and no catalogue numbers cited in original paper, in fact 21. Paratypes in original plate 1, figs 10, 11 = SMF Xe 23538 and Xe 23539. Nineteen unfigured paratypes in slide SMF Xe 23540. Remarks. Small and large morphotypes but only small forms used as type material. Large morphotype specimens, not part of type series, figured in original plate 1, figs 15���17 = SMF Xe 23541 to 23543. Supplementary material: five large morphotype specimens in slide SMF Xe 23544., Published as part of Cabral, Maria Cristina & Lord, Alan, 2017, Mesozoic Ostracoda from Portugal (Cabral Type Collection), pp. 140-144 in Zootaxa 4306 (1) on page 140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4306.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/843077, {"references":["Damotte, R., Cabral, M. C. & Berthou, P. - Y. (1990) Ostracodes Aptiens de la coupe de Sao Joao da Venda (Algarve Oriental Portugal). Revue de Micropaleontologie, 33, 73 - 91."]}

��� Klinglerella ��� roselinae Cabral & Colin in Cabral, Colin, Azer��do, Silva & Duarte, 2015 Holotype: carapace, male, CJH2014-03 (plate 3, fig. 17) = SMF Xe 23695. Paratypes: seven with catalogue numbers CJP 2014-19 to CJP 2014-25 = SMF Xe 23696 to Xe 23702., Published as part of Cabral, Maria Cristina & Lord, Alan, 2017, Mesozoic Ostracoda from Portugal (Cabral Type Collection), pp. 140-144 in Zootaxa 4306 (1) on page 144, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4306.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/843077, {"references":["Cabral, M. C., Colin, J. - P., Azeredo, A. C., Silva, R. L. & Duarte, L. V. (2015) Brackish and marine ostracode assemblages from the Sinemurian of western Portugal, with descriptions of new species. Micropaleontology, 61, 3 - 24."]}

Paracypris galopimi Damotte, Cabral & Berthou, 1990 Holotype: carapace, no catalogue number in original paper (Plate 1, fig. 7) = SMF Xe 23529. Paratypes: ���about 20��� and no catalogue numbers cited in original paper, in fact 10. Paratypes in original plate 1, figs 5, 6 = SMF Xe 23530 and Xe 23531. Eight unfigured paratypes in slide SMF Xe 23532. Remarks. Small and large morphotypes but only small forms used as type material. Large morphotype specimens, not part of type series, figured in original plate 1, figs 12���14 = SMF Xe 23533 to Xe 23535. Supplementary material: five large morphotype specimens in slide SMF Xe 23536. Note that P. galopimi figured in original plate 1, fig. 8 is in fact a different undescribed species., Published as part of Cabral, Maria Cristina & Lord, Alan, 2017, Mesozoic Ostracoda from Portugal (Cabral Type Collection), pp. 140-144 in Zootaxa 4306 (1) on page 140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4306.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/843077, {"references":["Damotte, R., Cabral, M. C. & Berthou, P. - Y. (1990) Ostracodes Aptiens de la coupe de Sao Joao da Venda (Algarve Oriental Portugal). Revue de Micropaleontologie, 33, 73 - 91."]}

The Peniche Peninsula shows the most continuous carbonate sedimentary succession of the Jurassic in Portugal. In this paper, supported by several important scientific arguments from the different domains of Sedimentary Geology, we highlight this locality as a focal point to understand the Early Jurassic time interval. Among several other themes we emphasize the definition of the Toarcian GSSP, the discussion around the Early Toarcian oceanic anoxic event and the organic-rich deposition occurred in the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian of the Peniche Peninsula section. These key geological themes have been the focus of significant educational/scientific outreach, involving Geology promotion activities directed towards different audiences, on a local and international scale.

Gomphocythere besni n. sp. (Figs. 2–7) Etymology. named after the type locality, Besni, where the species was found. Type locality. Tavaş pool (37 ° 33 ' 373 ''N, 37 ° 48 ' 596 ''E), Besni town, Adıyaman, Turkey. Note that the pool is used for human activities (e.g., swimming, irrigation). Most parts of the pool were covered by macrophytes but our samples were taken from the parts of fine pebble and sandy bottom. Material. a total of 39 individuals, from which 9 are paratypes, all dissected (14 females, 7 males, 3 juveniles, 13 empty carapaces and 1 valve), collected on 19 July 2012. Leg. Mehmet Yavuzatmaca and Ozan Yılmaz. Type material. Holotype: One dissected female, Tavaş pool, Besni, Adıyaman, Turkey, collected by Mehmet Yavuzatmaca and Ozan Yılmaz. (no: OK-AD- 2012: 01). Allotype: one dissected male from the type locality (no: OK-AD- 2012: 02). Soft body parts dissected in lactophenol (no: OK-AD- 2012: 02); empty valves of the allotype kept in micropalaeontological slides (no: OK- AD- 2012: 03). Paratypes (all dissected): four females and one juvenile from the type locality (no: OK-AD- 2012: 04-08), and two females and two males used for SEM photography kept in the laboratory of the University of Lisbon, Department of Geology, Portugal (no: OK-AD- 2012: 09- 12). Measurements. Female (RV-LV): L = 0.75 – 0.67 mm (n = 7), H = 0.35 – 0.32 mm (n = 7), W = 0.23 mm (n = 3) (Figs. 2 A–H, 3 C). Male (RV-LV): L = 0.66 – 0.64 (n = 3), H = 0.34 mm, W = 0.30 mm. Juveniles: L = 0.53, H (RV) = 0.29. Diagnosis. A species of Gomphocythere with weakly inflated posterior part in the female carapace. Valves externally reticulated, with around eight fossae arranged approximately in a circle in each mesh of the reticulum. Presence of a shallow ventral ridge along all the ventral margin and lower part of the posterior one. Main body of the hemipenis with a short and straight upper ramus of clasping organ. Copulatory organ of hemipenis short and distally curved. Description of female. Carapace sub-rectangular in lateral view, pyriform in dorsal view, with a weak median sub-vertical sulcus. RV larger than the LV, slightly overlapping it (Fig. 3 A, B). Greatest height situated at anterior cardinal angle. Dorsal margin straight to slightly concave, sloping posteriorly; ventral margin slightly concave; anterior margin flattened and asymmetrically rounded; posterior margin rounded. External surface reticulated, with ca. eight fossae roughly arranged in a circle, in each mesh of the reticulum. A distinct shallow ventral ridge, more prominent posteriorly, running parallel to the margin (Fig. 3 –D). A few sparse pore conuli (Fig. 3 H, I) visible along the anterior and posterior margins. Over the whole surface, rounded or elongated (in the margins) sieve plates and separate single pores with a sensillum present, the latter being relatively rare. Hinge “reversed lophodont with smooth teeth separated by a smooth groove in the LV. Both valves with marked selvage inwardly displaced along the anterior and posterior margins and with narrow calcified inner lamellae. Muscle scars: four elongated adductor muscle scars in a sub-vertical row, one rounded frontal scar and two rounded to elongated mandibular scars. Sexual dimorphism well marked: females larger and swollen posteriorly; males with almost parallel sides weakly converging posteriorly in dorsal view. Female Soft parts: Antennula (A 1) (Fig. 4 A): Six segmented without setae on protopodite (first segment). Second segment with one long (ca. 1.5 x of the length of 2 nd segment) medio-lateral seta posteriorly and a group of tiny setules anteriorly. Rome organ absent. Third segment, subquadrate with one medium (bluntly plumose) dorsal seta (ca. 2 x of length of this segment). Fourth segment with three apical setae: two dorsal (plumose) and one ventral smooth setae. Fifth segment with four apical smooth setae, three dorsal (one shorter than the half of the others) and one long seta (extending the length of terminal segment). Terminal segment elongated (length more than 3 times width), with four setae apically, one long and one medium claw-like setae, and one seta fused at the base with aesthetasc Ya (fused seta longer than Ya). Second antenna (A 2) (Fig. 4 B) without no seta on protopodite. First segment of endopodite subquadrate with long (ca. of second segment) apical ventral seta. Second segment long (ca. at least of the A 2), mid-ventrally with two long plumose setae and aesthetasc Y (slightly shorter than accompanying setae), mid-dorsally with two subequal setae (both extending the tip of the terminal segment); one stout, claw-like medium size apical seta (ca. reaching the tip of the terminal segment). Terminal segment with three (two apically and one subapically located) smooth and stout claws, almost equal in length. Exopodite long, extending to the tips of terminal claws, not divided but a node present almost in the middle. Mandibula (Md) (Fig. 5 A): with a masticatory process and a four-segmented palp. Masticatory process with tiny setules and 8 strong teeth, the last three in one group. First segment of palp with a vibratory plate consisting of three well developed setae only (two long, one short plumose setae) and with two subequal ventral setae. Second segment short and subquadrate, bearing three apical setae. Third segment of similar shape, with five apical setae, three dorsally (length of these setae almost reaching tips of terminal claws) and two located ventrally. Terminal (fourth segment) pyramidal, with two claws (more than twice the length of this segment). Maxillula (Mxl) (Fig. 5 B): with 3 endites of normal shape, ending with 3, 4, and 4 slightly plumosed short setae in 1, 2, and 3 rd endites, respectively. Maxillular palp with two segments fused, as typical of the subfamily, ending with 3 long sclerotized claw-like lateral and 2 (one additional short seta bluntly seen) apical setae. Vibratory plate with 14 well developed and plumose whorls. T 1 -T 3 (Figs. 4 C-D-E) all well-developed walking legs, with T 1 the shortest and T 3 the longest. First segment (in all legs) with 2 long dorsal and one ventral seta and with two (T 1) and one (T 2, T 3) knee-setae. Second segment with one claw-like antero-ventral seta in all legs. Terminal claw-like seta smooth (T 1 -T 2) and weakly sclerotized (T 3). Sternum as in Fig. 5 C. Abdomen (Fig. 5 D): Posterior part with 3 hirsute lobes (crl 1-3) equal in size, ending with a short filamentous tip. First seta of caudal ramus (crs 1) short (ca. 1 / 2 of crs 2) whip-like. Second seta (crs 2) long, inverse L-shaped. Caudal seta large and claw like. Forked organ (FO) short, stout spine-like seta. Genital operculum (GeO) large, rounded. Labium or upper lip (Fig. 5 E): with two lobes (hlo 1, hlo 2), anterior (hlo 1) lobe at least twice as long as posterior (hlo 1) one. Male soft parts. Antennula (A 1) (Fig. 6 A): Five-segmented (3 rd and 4 th segments fused) (also see discussion). A 1 morphology and chaetotaxy are identical in both sexes, apart of the division between segments 3 and 4 (present in males, missing in females). Second antenna (A 2) (Fig. 6 B): Exopodite long extending to the tips of terminal claws, not divided but a node present almost in about 2 / 3 of the length. Mandibula (Md) (Fig. 7 A): Similar as in female. Maxillula (Mxl) (Fig. 7 B): Similar as in female. T 1 -T 3 (Figs. 6 C-D-E): All walking legs as in female. Hemipenis (Figs. 7 C–D): Typical of the genus with a large, well developed muscular base and a prominent, distal lobe (DL) without setae. No comb-like structure on the blunt tip of the main body of DL. Main body with a short and straight ur (upper ramus of clasping organ of hemipenis); copulatory organ of hemipenis (cop) short and distally curved. Caudal ramus short and straight. Remarks. The closest species, regarding the carapace morphology, are G. geareyi (Holocene) and G. ortali (Recent), both from Middle-East (see “Discussion for comparisons), G. h u w i Martens, 2003 and G. l i s a e Martens, 2003, both living species in Lake Nyassa/ Malawi, East Africa. Gomphocythere huwi is smaller than G. b e s n i n. sp. with a more pronounced median sulcus, different reticulation with absence of ventral ridge and a selvage inwardly displaced only along the anterior margin. Gomphocythere lisae is also smaller, with a more pronounced median sulcus, different reticulation with absence of ventral ridge and a posterior margin less uniformly rounded. Due to the geographical proximity of G. b e s n i n. sp., G. geareyi and G. ortali and the fact that they all are very close in morphological characteristics of the carapace, we compared the area deviations between the superposed normalized outlines of the following couple of species: G. b e s n i n. sp. versus G. geareyi (Fig. 8 A) and G. b e s n i n. sp. versus G. ortali (Fig. 8 B) (cf. for this algorithm and its utilization Neubauer & Linhart 2008 and Minati et al. 2008). The outline of G. b e s n i n. sp. compared to the one of G. g e a re yi appears more anteriorly rounded and with a more important height displayed at the anterior and posterior cardinal angles. G. g e a rey i is more elongated than its pair species. The outline of G. b e s n i n. sp. compared to the one of G. ortali, when superposed and standardized to equal surface, shows less shape differences than the species pair G. b e s n i n. sp. - G. geareyi. This becomes particularly apparent along the anterior margin. Significant differences exist along the dorsal and posterior margins. These latter differences are due to the oblique position of the dorsal intercardinal segment and to a lower posterior height of G. ortali. Therefore, the geometric morphometric data, point to three distinct morphotypes which complemented with the differences for limb traits allow to decide for separation of the new Gomphocythere taxon, G. b es n i n. sp., beside the two already known species G. ortali and G. geareyi of the Eastern Mediterranean area, more precisely from Israel (Martens 1993) and Western Turkey (Boomer & Gearey 2010). Ecology. So far, the individuals of the species Gomphocythere besni n. sp. have been found on sediments with a mixture of sand and gravel in the type locality only. Tavaş pool, Besni, Adıyaman has relatively cool (16.6 °C), medium oxygenated (dissolved oxygen = 7.36 mg /L, percent dissolved oxygen = 75 %), slightly alkaline (pH = 7.53) and brackish to fresh waters (specific electrical conductivity = 609 µS/cm, salinity = 0.3 ppt). Air temperature (38.5 °C), air moisture (25.5 %) and atmospheric pressure (701 mm Hg) were also measured in situ before sampling. Accompanying species included Ilyocypris inermis Kaufmann, 1900 (20 individuals) and Psychrodromus olivaceus (Brady & Norman, 1889) (4 individuals).

Külköylüoğlu, Okan, Yavuzatmaca, Mehmet, Cabral, Maria Cristina, Colin, Jean-Paul (2015): Gomphocythere besni n. sp. (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from a man-made pool (Adıyaman, Turkey). Zootaxa 3937 (3): 456-470, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3937.3.2

Este artigo trata da construção de bancos de dados de ciências sociais em sua relação com os objetos culturais, através da narrativa construída pelo historiador. O banco em questão é constituído de obras construídas por arquitetos estrangeiros na cidade do Rio de Janeiro na primeira metade do século XX. A abordagem do tema procura correlacionar história da arquitetura e história urbana.

Studies reveal learning difficulties faced by students in taking introductory programming course. This problem has been reported in various institutions, according to the literature on the subject. In this sense, the present study aims to clarify possible cognitive factors related to poor performance shown, particularly, by many students of Computer Science from the Federal University of Alagoas, concerning to the activity of solving programming problems on a beginner level. In this perspective, we have tried to know, in some cognitive respect, the mentioned students of introductory programming, considering them in different academic contexts. Particularly, we invested primarily in the analysis of groups aiming at understanding the cognitive states of these students. Furthermore, we studied two main kinds of relatioships: (i) the relationship between the performance data presented by the students in the discipline of programming and other related disciplines, as well as, (ii) and in the discipline of programming and the score expressed in the exame to access from high school to the university. To this end, we evaluated different data sources, bringing quantitative and qualitative information about the student, such as: (i) scores of all students that took this course between 2006 and 2013, (ii) scores related to disciplines, including discipline programming between 2010 and 2013, and (iii) corresponding to the set of source code produced by a sample of students on home works and reviews data. From these data, it was possible to develop a model for diagnostic profile of beginners in programming, which identified the existence of three groups of students who have cognitive characteristics ranging from students without success for those who have obtained success in the introductory programming course. Estudos revelam dificuldades por parte de estudantes no aprendizado de programação para iniciantes. Trata-se de um problema reportado em várias instituições, tal como se observa na literatura sobre o assunto. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho buscou esclarecer possíveis fatores cognitivos relacionados ao desempenho insatisfatório apresentado por muitos estudantes de Ciência da Computação da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, relativamente à atividade de resolução de problemas de programação em um nível iniciante. Neste sentido, procurou-se conhecer quem é este estudante de programação inicial, observando-o em diferentes contextos. Particularmente, investiuse primeiramente na análise de grupos com vistas à compreensão dos estados cognitivos destes estudantes. Além disso, estudou-se a relação entre os dados de desempenho apresentados pelos estudantes na disciplina de programação com disciplinas assumidas como relacionadas tanto na graduação, quanto no ensino médio expresso no exame de ingresso na universidade. Para tanto, avaliou-se diferentes fontes de dados, que trazem informações quantitativas e qualitativas a respeito do estudante: (i) notas de todos os alunos que cursaram a disciplina entre 2006 e 2013, (ii) notas de disciplinas afins a disciplina de programação entre 2010 e 2013, e (iii) conjunto de dados correspondente ao código-fonte produzidos por uma amostra de alunos em exercícios e avaliações. A partir desses dados, foi possível elaborar um modelo para o diagnóstico de perfil dos iniciantes em programação, que identificou a existência de três grupos de alunos, que possuem características cognitivas que variam de estudantes sem sucesso para os que obtiveram sucesso no curso introdutório.

Apresenta-se neste trabalho uma caracterização e os principais resultados do Projecto “Estratigrafia de alta resolução das séries marinhas ricas em matéria orgânica do Jurássico Inferior da Bacia Lusitânica”, financiado pela Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal). Este projecto centrou-se numa análise estratigráfica multidisciplinar baseada num vasto conjunto de parâmetros bióticos e abióticos da sucessão margo-calcária rica em matéria orgânica do Jurássico Inferior da bacia, envolvendo sete objetivos principais: 1. Análise sedimentológica (mineralógica, textural e composicional) e sequencial da sucessão hemipelágica do Jurássico Inferior (Sinemuriano superior–Toarciano); 2. Precisões biostratigráficas a partir do registo de amonóides do intervalo compreendido entre o Sinemuriano superior e o Pliensbaquiano superior; 3. Análise paleontológica e paleoecológica da macrofauna bentónica (fundamentalmente braquiópodes e bivalves); 4. Análise biostratigráfica, taxonómica e paleoecológica da fauna de ostracodos (Sinemuriano–Toarciano); 5. Análise quimiostratigráfica baseada principalmente nos isótopos estáveis de carbono (Sinemuriano–Pliensbaquiano); 6. Análise geoquímica e de petrografia orgânica (carbono orgânico total, pirólise Rock-Eval e biomarcadores) do Sinemuriano–Pliensbaquiano; 7. Análise dos padrões de variação dos raios gama (Sinemuriano–Toarciano.

The detailed sedimentary and micropalaeontological analysis of a complex association of continental to marginal-marine deposits from the Oxfordian of Portugal (Cabaços Formation) has allowed the recognition of high-frequency, subtle changes in the environmental conditions. The main factors controlling the palaeobiological responses to such minor-scale fluctuations were also identified. Two factors have shown to be especially significant: subaerial exposure duration and frequency (estimated by assigning type of features to the exposure index) and salinity trends, as suggested by the sedimentary and fossil records. In the west of the basin, salinity fluctuations were much stronger and more frequent (fresh- brackish-restricted marine-hypersaline), and subaerial exposure more marked for longer periods, than in the east of the basin. The microfossil assemblages, as a whole, but in particular the ostracod faunas, show differences in abundance, diversity, dominant species, degree of intrageneric and intraspecific variations, both along the successions and between west and east. The western populations seem to have been much less stable, which suggests that high-frequency changes in salinity (more than its absolute values) and degree of exposure were the most important controls on the palaeobiota. PDF, Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Vol 110, No 1