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3 results on '"Cablanmian, Arsher"'

1. Investigation of a Large Collection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteriophages Collected from a Single Environmental Source in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire

Author

Essoh, Christiane, Latino, Libera, Midoux, Cédric, Blouin, Yann, Loukou, Guillaume, Nguetta, Simon-Pierre A, Lathro, Serge, Cablanmian, Arsher, Kouassi, Athanase K, Vergnaud, Gilles, Pourcel, Christine, Institut de génétique et microbiologie [Orsay] (IGM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génétique, Université de Cocody, École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris), and ANR-13-ASTR-0011,ResisPhages,Enjeux de l'utilisation des bactériophages comme outil de désinfection et de thérapie(2013)

Subjects
viruses, Molecular Sequence Data, lcsh:R, Virion, lcsh:Medicine, Genome, Viral, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Microscopy, Electron, Cote d'Ivoire, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Bacteriophages, lcsh:Q, lcsh:Science, Research Article
Abstract

International audience; Twenty two distinct bacteriophages were isolated from sewage water from five locations in the city of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire over a two-year period, using a collection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains with diverse genotypes. The phages were characterized by their virulence spectrum on a panel of selected P. aeruginosa strains from cystic fibrosis patients and by whole genome sequencing. Twelve virions representing the observed diversity were visualised by electron microscopy. The combined observations showed that 17 phages, distributed into seven genera, were virulent, and that five phages were related to temperate phages belonging to three genera. Some showed similarity with known phages only at the protein level. The vast majority of the genetic variations among virulent phages from the same genus resulted from seemingly non-random horizontal transfer events, inside a population of P. aeruginosa phages with limited diversity. This suggests the existence of a single environmental reservoir or ecotype in which continuous selection is taking place. In contrast, mostly point mutations were observed among phages potentially capable of lysogenisation. This is the first study of P. aeruginosa phage diversity in an African city and it shows that a large variety of phage species can be recovered in a limited geographical site at least when different bacterial strains are used. The relative temporal and spatial stability of the Abidjan phage population might reflect equilibrium in the microbial community from which they are released.

Published
2015
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3. The Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains from Cystic Fibrosis Patients to Bacteriophages.

Author

Essoh, Christiane, Blouin, Yann, Loukou, Guillaume, Cablanmian, Arsher, Lathro, Serge, Kutter, Elizabeth, Thien, Hoang Vu, Vergnaud, Gilles, and Pourcel, Christine

Subjects
PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa infections, CYSTIC fibrosis, BACTERIOPHAGES, HUMAN genetics, MEDICAL genetics, PATHOGENIC microorganisms, PALINDROMIC DNA, GENETICS, PATIENTS
Abstract

Phage therapy may become a complement to antibiotics in the treatment of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. To design efficient therapeutic cocktails, the genetic diversity of the species and the spectrum of susceptibility to bacteriophages must be investigated. Bacterial strains showing high levels of phage resistance need to be identified in order to decipher the underlying mechanisms. Here we have selected genetically diverse P. aeruginosa strains from cystic fibrosis patients and tested their susceptibility to a large collection of phages. Based on plaque morphology and restriction profiles, six different phages were purified from “pyophage”, a commercial cocktail directed against five different bacterial species, including P. aeruginosa. Characterization of these phages by electron microscopy and sequencing of genome fragments showed that they belong to 4 different genera. Among 47 P. aeruginosa strains, 13 were not lysed by any of the isolated phages individually or by pyophage. We isolated two new phages that could lyse some of these strains, and their genomes were sequenced. The presence/absence of a CRISPR-Cas system (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and Crisper associated genes) was investigated to evaluate the role of the system in phage resistance. Altogether, the results show that some P. aeruginosa strains cannot support the growth of any of the tested phages belonging to 5 different genera, and suggest that the CRISPR-Cas system is not a major defence mechanism against these lytic phages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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