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The Sierra de las Nieves National Park, declared by the Spanish Government in July 2021, is part of the Serranía de Ronda (Western Baetic mountains), which is considered one of the main centres of biodiversity and endemicity of the southern Iberian Peninsula (Andalusia, Spain) and the Mediterranean Basin. The park and its surroundings have an important diversity of vascular plants, mainly due to the orographic, climatic and geological diversity of the area, which is divided into three biogeographical sectors: Rondeño sector (limestones, dolomites and clays), Bermejense sector (peridotites and serpentines) and Aljíbico sector (gneisses and micaschists). This contribution presents the first catalogue of the vascular flora of this national park and its surrounding area, with 1,387 taxa distributed in 104 families and 542 genera. An amount of 79 taxa are endemic to Andalusia and 57 are endangered: 4 are Critically Endangered (CR), 17 are Endangered (EN) and 36 are Vulnerable (VU).

Se realiza un estudio de la flora briofítica del Parque Natural Montes de Málaga y su entorno, mediante la recolección en un total de 34 localidades. La diversidad briofítica se ha estimado en 125 especies, de las cuales 109 son musgos y 16 hepáticas, no se han encontrado antocerotas. Aschisma cuynetii, Bryum gemmiferum, B. radiculosum, Crossidium aberrans, Fissidens bryoides, Geheebia siccula, Gymnostomum lanceolatum, Pottiopsis caespitosa, Riccia bicarinata, R. ciliifera, R. papillosa, Trichostomum meridionale y Weissia levieri se citan por vez primera de la provincia de Málaga. Rhynchostegiella tubulosa se menciona como novedad para la brioflora de España. Through the collection of samples and study of 34 localities, the bryophytic flora of the Montes de Málaga Natural Park and surroundings areas is carried out. Bryophytic diversity has been estimated at 125 species, of which 109 are mosses and 16 liverworts, hornworts have not been found. Aschisma cuynetii, Bryum gemmiferum, B. radiculosum, Crossidium aberrans, Fissidens bryoides, Geheebia siccula, Gymnostomum lanceolatum, Pottiopsis caespitosa, Riccia bicarinata, R. ciliifera, R. papillosa, Trichostomum meridionale and Weissia levieri are reported for the first time in Málaga province. Rhynchostegiella tubulosa is mentioned as new record to the bryophytic flora of Spain

Introduction Stepwise multiple regression have been traditionally used on aerobiological studies because their results .... Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.

El número de endemismos de un territorio es uno de los datos más relevantes para estimar su biodiversidad. La Cordillera Bética forma parte del Arco Bético-Rifeño, uno de los hotspots del Mediterráneo y el mayor centro de endemicidad ibérico. Hasta ahora, los estudios sobre la flora vascular endémica de este territorio se han centrado en los taxones orófilos, edafoendémicos o de Sierra Nevada. Dentro de la Cordillera Bética, una de las zonas más ricas en endemismos es su extremo occidental (Medail & Quezel, 1997), conjunto montañoso muy individualizado que comprende la Serranía de Ronda en sentido amplio. Sus límites son: hacia el este la campiña gaditano-sevillana, al oeste la depresión del río Guadalhorce, al norte la campiña antequerana y al sur el litoral mediterráneo. Engloba a tres sectores fitogeográficos (Pérez Latorre et al., 2019), Rondeño, Bermejense y Aljíbico (excepto el subsector Sidonense). A pesar de la importancia de la flora endémica de este territorio, solo existen estudios parciales, siendo el objetivo de este trabajo, presentar el primer catálogo de la flora vascular endémica de la Cordillera Bética Occidental analizando su biogeografía y presencia en la Red de Espacios Naturales Protegidos de Andalucía (RENPA), consiguiendo una base firme y actualizada para futuros estudios sobre estos taxones, así como su nivel de protección en la RENPA. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.

Pollen traps frequently are installed in not easily accessible places and, being the mechanism only tested once a week. Consequently, failures in the traps are not detected immediately and days with missing data are usually found in databases. Sometimes the lost data are not relevant for the research, but other times, these gaps may compromise results. The aim of this study is to test the effectiveness of different methods for interpolating missing data, searching for the most accurate strategy depending on the circumstances and pollen type. Interpolation was performed by using different strategies implemented in the “AeRobiology R package”: mathematical approaches, time series analysis and data from nearby stations. Each method was applied to 11 different pollen types. Aerobiological data from Ronda station were used to test the accuracy of the different interpolation methods. For each pollen type, the natural year was split into five periods: pre-season, pre-peak, peak, post-peak and post-season, the main pollen season. Gaps of 3, 5, 7 and 10 days were considered. Errors were expressed as Mean Absolute Error (MAE). For all the methods, the highest MAEs were obtained when the gaps affected the peak period. Regarding the pollen types, the highest MAEs were detected for the most abundant pollen types. These errors were also higher when 3-days gaps were used, and the lowest for 7-days gaps. Mathematical approaches obtained the lowest MAEs while the highest were obtained by using the data coming from nearby stations. According to our results, mathematical approaches resulted to be the most accurate methods to interpolate missing data. Small gaps have a bigger influence of daily oscillations in pollen concentrations, being more difficult to predict than larger gaps, in which the general trend of the pollen concentrations could be observed, and daily fluctuations are smoothed. Abundant pollen types generally have bigger daily oscillations, obtaining a bigger MAE. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.

An aerobiological sampler covers the pollen information of a determined area, whose extension mainly depends on the topography of the territory but, in a city, buildings are the elements that obstruct and re-distribute winds as well as the particles suspended in the air. This is the reason for what several pollen traps are often needed for covering the information in a big city. Malaga is one of the biggest cities in Spain with a population of more than 600,000 inhabitants. In 1991 a Hirst-type pollen trap was installed in the northwest part of the city (Malaga-Teatinos station), which have been kept operational until nowadays. Additionally, in 2017, a second device (Malaga-Centre station) was installed in the very city centre, 4 km apart from the first. The aim of this work is to search whether or not there are significant differences between the results obtained in the two locations. For that, the samples obtained were mounted and counted following the methodology proposed by the Spanish Aerobiology Network (REA) and the pollen concentrations expressed as number of pollen grains/m3 of air (daily mean). Results indicate that pollen spectra are quite similar in both sampling stations. However, we found important differences in the annual amount of pollen recorded, regarding some of the more abundant pollen types in the city, Amaranthaceae, Olea europaea, Plantago and Quercus being much more abundant in Malaga-Teatinos, with annual pollen indexes that sometimes triple the obtained in Malaga-Centre. On the contrary, Pinus and Parietaria reach higher values in Malaga-Centre, especially the last one, with annual pollen index almost four times highest than the obtained in Malaga-Teatinos. Phenology was quite similar in the case of almost all the pollen types with scarce differences in the case of Olea and Parietaria. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.

Se propone una nueva combinación nomenclatural Linaria amethystea subsp. albiflora (Boiss.) Casimiro-Soriguer Solanas & Cabezudo y un nuevo taxón, L. amethystea subsp. toloxense Casimiro-Soriguer Solanas & Cabezudo. Se aclaran las relaciones de ambos taxones con el resto de subespecies de L. amethystea presentes en el sur de la Península Ibérica y se aporta una clave de identificación para todas las subespecies reconocidas en la Península Ibérica dentro del complejo de L. amethystea.

One of the most cosmopolitan fungal spore types present in the air is that belonging to Alternaria. This spore type has been proved to have a negative impact on sensible population. Furthermore, Alternaria species are phytopathogens that cause high economic losses in agriculture. The aim of this study was to establish relationships between the airborne concentrations of Alternaria spores and the meteorological and climatic variables of the studied areas, as well as land use. For that, an aerobiological study has been carried out during 2018 in three sampling sites: a coastal urban city (Malaga), an inland rural city with high influence of crops and natural areas (Ronda), and a third site located inside a Natural Park (Sierra de las Nieves). The samplings were carried out by means of three Hirst-type volumetric pollen traps, and the samples obtained were mounted and counted following the methodology proposed by the Spanish Aerobiology Network (REA). Statistical analysis was carried out by using R software and ”AeRobiology” package. Negative and significant Spearman correlations were found between daily values of Alternaria spore concentration and precipitation as well as relative humidity in all the sampling sites, while positive and significant correlations were found with temperatures (the highest with maximum temperature). Alternaria daily concentrations showed significant differences between stations. As the results obtained by other authors, regarding the climatic parameters, we find a direct relationship between the continentality index and the total amount of Alternaria spores detected during spring and summer in the different sampling stations. Similar results were obtained with average annual temperature and total annual rainfalls. Regarding land use, the highest concentrations were obtained in the rural locality of Ronda. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.

A partir del estudio de muestras recolectadas y revisadas en el marco del Proyecto Flora Briofítica Ibérica (FBI), y el estudio briofí- tico que estamos realizando en la Sierra de las Nieves (Málaga) aportamos un total de 32 novedades corológicas provinciales para España y dos para Portugal. A destacar el hallazgo de Scorpidium scorpioides, una especie catalogada como amenazada en España, cuya distribución se extiende al alto valle del Ebro y dos nuevas localidades de Stegonia latifolia, una especie considerada como vulnerable. Abstract New chorological records for the Iberian Bryophyte Flora. VIII From the study of samples collected and reviewed under the Flora Briofítica Ibérica Project as well as the examination of bryophytes from Sierra de las Nieves (Málaga), we provide 32 new provincial records for Spain and two for Portugal. Special mention deserves the new Iberian locality for Scorpidium scorpioides, an endangered species in Spain, whose distribution range is extended to upper Ebro valley and two new localities for Stegonia latifolia, classified as vulnerable species in Spain.

‘Sierra de las Nieves’ is a Natural Park and a Biosphere Reserve located in the south of Spain. This protected area has a high diversity of ecosystems with abundant endangered species which have led it to be in ways to become a National Park. Some of those species have anemophilous pollination strategies. Since 1991, the Aerobiology research team of the University of Malaga has been sampling and studying airborne pollen in different cities of Malaga province. Nevertheless, a pollen trap has never been installed inside a Natural Park for a continuous sampling process. The objectives of this study were to determinate the atmospheric pollen behaviour of the main taxa registered during winter and spring months in this protected area, as well as compare the results with the data obtained in urban stations during the same period searching for significant differences. The pollen samplings were made by means of a Hirst-type volumetric pollen trap inside the protected area of the Natural Park. The samples obtained were mounted and counted according to the methodology proposed by the Spanish Aerobiology Network (REA). The high vegetal diversity of ‘Sierra de las Nieves’ are reflected in the pollen counts. Significant differences between the sampligs obtained at ‘Sierra de las Nieves’, Malaga and the neraby city of Ronda stations were found regarding to the daily pollen concentration. The qualitative and quantitative differences can be explained by the different land use, altitude, climatic characteristics and by the distance between aerobiological stations and pollen emission sources. There is an important influence of wind dymanic and others meteorological factors. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Se ha realizado un estudio de los tipos de bosque del sur de la Península Ibérica, escogiendo la provincia de Málaga como representativa. El objetivo es catalogar los bosques a partir de bases de datos y capas SIG de vegetación, reuniéndolos en grupos funcionales. Se han utilizado atributos ecológicos (litología, bioclimatología), biogeográficos y funcionales. Se han identificado 16 tipos principales que agrupan 37 asociaciones fitosociológicas; todos aparecen en la Directiva de “Hábitats”. La distribución de los bosques es desigual entre los sectores biogeográficos, destacando por diversidad y endemicidad el sector Aljíbico; el Bermejense destacó por su total endemicidad. Los 37 tipos de bosque pueden reunirse en diez grupos funcionales, pudiendo reducirse a cinco, modulados fundamentalmente por el sustrato edáfico, lo que podría utilizarse para simplificar su gestión y su clasificación. ABSTRACT A study about forest types in the southern of the Iberian Peninsula has been carried out, selecting the province of Malaga as representative area. The objective is to record the forests from databases and GIS layers of vegetation, bringing them into functional groups. Ecological attributes (lithology, bioclimatology), biogeographical and functional attributes have been used. We have found 16 main types that group 37 phytosociological associations; all of them appear in the Habitats Directive. The distribution of the forests is unequal among the biogeographic sectors, emphasizing by diversity and endemicity the Aljíbico sector; the Bermejense stood out for its total endemicity. The 37 forest types can be grouped into ten functional groups, being reduced to five, mainly modulated by the soil substrate, which could be used to simplify their management and classification. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.

Ronda is located in a rural area close to the natural Parks Sierra de Grazalema and Sierra de las Nieves, surrounded by crops, natural and seminatural vegetation. The Genal Valley, which is located at the southwest of Ronda, is the biggest Castanea sativa Mill. crop area in Andalusia (South Spain) but there are also others C. sativa crops in different areas close to Ronda. This increases the Castanea atmospheric pollen levels in Ronda, the highest of Malaga province. Castanea pollen has been cited by different authors as potentially allergenic. The objective of this preliminary study was to determine the main sources of Castanea pollen detected in Ronda during the period in which the highest concentrations were detected along the year 2017. The pollen samplings were made by means of a Hirst-type volumetric pollen trap. The samples obtained were mounted and counted according to the methodology proposed by the Spanish Aerobiology Network (REA). Backward air trajectories were calculated according to HYSPLIT 4 model. Models were run five times a day by using R software for the whole month of June 2017. Due to the wind dynamics in Ronda, the main source of Castanea airborne pollen was not the expected (the Genal Valley). The dominant winds in June 2017 came from the southeast of Ronda and brought Castanea pollen from the crops of two nearby localities, Istan and Ojen, which are widely smaller than those situated in the Genal Valley. Therefore, due to the high pollen production of these crops, predictive models for the Castanea airborne pollen in Ronda should be done in future researches in order to prevent allergic diseases in the population. Additionally, by studing air trajectory models, the cross pollination between Castanea populations in the area can be estimated. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.