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[EN] In recent decades, the New Institutional Economics has brought about the “return of institutions” to the economic mainstream, and institutional theory and analysis have been developed from Ronald Coase’s notion of transaction costs and Douglass North’s view on institutions. The Nobel Prize award in Economics to Oliver Williamson and Elinor Ostrom in 2009 has pointed out the relevance of the new institutional approach. Natural Resource Economics has included the institutional determinants of the management of natural resources into its research agenda. In this sense, the advances of the New Institutional Economics allows the development of institutional analysis in the field of the Economics of Natural Resources, such as Elinor Ostrom’s work has shown. This paper presents an integral and updated perspective of the foundations of the New Institutional Economics that constitute a set of theoretical inputs for the analysis of institutions and governance in the management of natural resources., [ES] A lo largo de las tres últimas décadas, la Nueva Economía Institucional ha conseguido el “retorno de las instituciones” a la corriente principal de la ciencia económica, desarrollando ampliamente la teoría y el análisis institucional a partir de las nociones de costes de transacción de Ronald Coase y de instituciones de Douglass North. La reciente concesión del Nobel de Economía en 2009 a Oliver Williamson y Elinor Ostrom ha consolidado el reconocimiento y protagonismo del nuevo enfoque institucional. Paralelamente, la Economía de los Recursos Naturales ha incorporado en su agenda de investigación los condicionantes institucionales de la gestión de los recursos. En este sentido, los avances de la Nueva Economía Institucional permiten relevantes desarrollos del análisis institucional en el campo de la Economía de los Recursos Naturales, tal como evidencia la obra de Elinor Ostrom. Este artículo expone una visión integral y actualizada de los fundamentos del nuevo enfoque institucional que constituyen un conjunto de inputs teóricos para el análisis de las instituciones y la gobernanza en la gestión de los recursos naturales.

In recent decades, the New Institutional Economics has brought about the “return of institutions” to the economic mainstream, and institutional theory and analysis have been developed from Ronald Coase’s notion of transaction costs and Douglass North’s view on institutions. The Nobel Prize award in Economics to Oliver Williamson and Elinor Ostrom in 2009 has pointed out the relevance of the new institutional approach. Natural Resource Economics has included the institutional determinants of the management of natural resources into its research agenda. In this sense, the advances of the New Institutional Economics allows the development of institutional analysis in the field of the Economics of Natural Resources, such as Elinor Ostrom’s work has shown. This paper presents an integral and updated perspective of the foundations of the New Institutional Economics that constitute a set of theoretical inputs for the analysis of institutions and governance in the management of natural resources.