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In this work, we present the design, fabrication, and automation of a customized and affordable system capable of performing the thin film deposition techniques of Dip-Coating and SILAR at room temperature. To automate the system, parts from disused equipment were reused, new pieces were fabricated through additive manufacturing, and open-source software was also utilized. The device was controlled using an Arduino UNO R3. Additionally, a graphical interface was developed in Python with the PyQt library to adjust the motion settings and transmit parameters to the Arduino via serial communication. We validated the system by fabricating layers of Cu2 O and CuO, subsequently comparing their structural and morphological properties with findings previously reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on laser activation for the growth of zinc oxide nanostructures. Topics include obtaining of thin films by hydrothermal method, spin coating method for growth of zinc oxide nanorods and experiment for seed layer activation using a pulsed laser for controlling the density and vertical alignment of the nanorods.

Copyright of Acta Pediátrica Española is the property of Ediciones Mayo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Pediátrica Española is the property of Ediciones Mayo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Toxicología is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Toxicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The management of canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is complex, and it needs to be multimodal, combining topical and systemic therapies. Given that the currently available options are not always totally effective and might have some associated adverse effects, novel alternatives are needed. For this reason, a new collar for CAD was developed with 2.5% of a sphingomyelin-rich lipid extract (LE) with proven benefits for skin health. The release of the active ingredient when incorporated into the collar was tested in vitro, showing an adequate kinetic profile. Then, the efficacy and safety of the collar were assessed in 12 client-owned dogs with CAD in a pilot study. After eight weeks, the dogs experienced significant clinical improvements on the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI)-4, Pruritus Index for Canine Atopic Dermatitis (PCAD) and Pruritus Visual Analogue Scale (PVAS) scores, without any adverse effects. Additionally, further in vitro studies were performed, indicating that this LE collar should be compatible with antiparasitic collars (with deltamethrin or imidacloprid/flumethrin) if worn simultaneously. Given the observed benefits of this LE collar, combining it with other CAD therapies could potentially allow for drug sparing, reduction in adverse effects, enhanced owner compliance, and reduced treatment costs.

Introduction: Given the high rate of complete nodal response, the role of axillary lymph node dissection on staging the axilla has been questioned. This survey, addressed to breast cancer surgeons in Spain, has the objective of assessing current clinical trends on axillary staging of cN + patients treated with NAC., Methods: An online survey was conducted among breast surgeons from the Spanish Society of Surgery (AEC), Spanish Surgical Oncology Society (SEOQ), Spanish Breast Cancer Surgeons Society (AECIMA) and Spanish Gynecology and Obstetrics Society (SEGO). It was structured in 5 sections: general information and clinical practice, knowledge of clinical trials, diagnosis work-up and nodal marking, axillary staging, and axillary treatment., Results: 150 breast cancer surgeons completed the full survey (96.7%). 81.8% of respondents performed SLNB or targeted axillary dissection in cN1 patients treated with NAC. Radiological axillary response was the preferred parameter guiding the surgical strategy. The excision of the clipped node (92.0%), use of dual tracer (73.2%), and axillary US (65.9%) after treatment were the most important variables considered by respondents, to increase the accuracy of SLNB in cN + patients., Conclusion: This survey confirms a trend toward a less invasive approach for axillary staging in cN + patients treated with NAC among breast cancer surgeons in Spain. While there is widespread agreement in less invasive approaches to axillary staging, there is, however, a lack of consensus around treatment strategy. Further, it shows a wide heterogeneity in their clinical practice. This study highlights the need for clear evidence concerning less invasive staging procedures and their oncological safety, to ensure consistent recommendations in surgical practice., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Federación de Sociedades Españolas de Oncología (FESEO).)

Hyaluronic acid (HA) and proteoglycans (such as dermatan sulphate (DS) and chondroitin sulphate (CS)) are the main components of the extracellular matrix of the skin, along with collagen and elastin. These components decrease with age, which implies a loss of skin moisture causing wrinkles, sagging and aging. Currently, the external and internal administration of effective ingredients that can reach the epidermis and dermis is the main alternative for combating skin aging. The objective of this work was to extract, characterise and evaluate the potential of an HA matrix ingredient to support anti-aging. The HA matrix was isolated and purified from rooster comb and characterised physicochemically and molecularly. In addition, its regenerative, anti-aging and antioxidant potential and intestinal absorption were evaluated. The results show that the HA matrix is composed of 67% HA, with an average molecular weight of 1.3 MDa; 12% sulphated glycosaminoglycans, including DS and CS; 17% protein, including collagen (10.4%); and water. The in vitro evaluation of the HA matrix's biological activity showed regenerative properties in both fibroblasts and keratinocytes, as well as moisturising, anti-aging and antioxidant effects. Furthermore, the results suggest that the HA matrix could be absorbed in the intestine, implying a potential oral as well as topical use for skin care, either as an ingredient in a nutraceutical or a cosmetic product.

Researchers have studied political ideology and polarization in many different contexts since their effects are usually closely related to aspects and actions of individuals and societies. Hence, being able to estimate and measure the changes in political ideology and polarization is crucial for researchers, stakeholders, and the general public. In this paper, we model the ideology and polarization of 28 countries (the 27 EU member states plus the UK) using Facebook public posts from political parties' Facebook pages. We collected a three-year dataset from 2019 to 2021 with information from 234 political parties' Facebook pages and took advantage of the EU parliament elections of May 2019 to create our models. Our methodology works across 28 countries and benefits from being a low-cost running process that measures ideology and polarization at a high-resolution time scale. The results show our models are pretty accurate when validating them against 19 individual countries' elections as ground truth. Moreover, to make our results available to the research community, stakeholders, and individuals interested in politics, the last contribution of our paper is a website including detailed information about the political parties in our dataset. It also includes the temporal evolution of our ideology and polarization estimations. Therefore, our work delivers a novel tool that uses Facebook public data to create country metrics useful for different purposes. To the best of our knowledge, there is no prior work in the literature offering a solution that measures the ideology and polarization of all EU + UK countries., Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests., (© The Author(s) 2022.)

In this paper we refer to the Open Web to the set of services offered freely to Internet users, representing a pillar of modern societies. Despite its importance for society, it is unknown how the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting the Open Web. In this paper, we address this issue, focusing our analysis on Spain, one of the countries which have been most impacted by the pandemic. On the one hand, we study the impact of the pandemic in the financial backbone of the Open Web, the online advertising business. To this end, we leverage concepts from Supply-Demand economic theory to perform a careful analysis of the elasticity in the supply of ad-spaces to the financial shortage of the online advertising business and its subsequent reduction in ad spaces' price. On the other hand, we analyze the distribution of the Open Web composition across business categories and its evolution during the COVID-19 pandemic. These analyses are conducted between Jan 1st and Dec 31st, 2020, using a reference dataset comprising information from more than 18 billion ad spaces. Our results indicate that the Open Web has experienced a moderate shift in its composition across business categories. However, this change is not produced by the financial shortage of the online advertising business, because as our analysis shows, the Open Web's supply of ad spaces is inelastic (i.e., insensitive) to the sustained low-price of ad spaces during the pandemic. Instead, existing evidence suggests that the reported shift in the Open Web composition is likely due to the change in the users' online behavior (e.g., browsing and mobile apps utilization patterns)., Competing Interests: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: The research leading to these results has received funding from: J.G.C. declares funding from the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Spain, through the FPU programme (Grant FPU16/05852); and the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain, under the project ACHILLES (Grant PID2019-104207RB-I00). P.C. declares funding from TAPTAP Digital-UC3M Chair in advanced AI and data science applied to advertising and marketing. P.V. declares funding from the Comunidad de Madrid (CM), Spain, under the project EdgeData-CM (Grant P2018/TCS4499, cofunded by FSE & FEDER). A.C. declares funding from the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Spain, and the European Social Fund(EU), under the Ramón y Cajal programme (Grant RyC-2015-17732); and the Community of Madrid (CM) synergic project EMPATIA-CM (Grant Y2018/TCS-5046). R.C. declares funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 innovation action programme under the project PIMCITY (Grant 871370); and the Fundación BBVA under the project AERIS. A.F. declares funding from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain, under the project ECID (Grant PID2019-109805RB-I00, cofunded by FEDER); and the IMDEA Networks and Comunidad de Madrid (CM), Spain, under the project CoronaSurveys-CM., (© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: To analyze the implantation of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) in the Public Health System in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (CAM) and to investigate the different results between laparoscopic and open radical prostatectomy., Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis over a database containing data from 25 hospitals in CAM. We chose 8225 patients treated by radical prostatectomy (open or laparoscopic). Data were collected using a questionnaire including hospital, length of stay, readmissions and mortality. Values are shown in number, percentage and rank. Statistical significance is shown with p<0.05., Results: Increase of LRP is shown in the period of study, representing only a 11.9% of the radical prostatectomies in 2004 and reaching 56.8% in 2012. There were no significant statistical differences in age, severity or readmissions when stratified by hospital or by technique. We found a 1.05 days increase in length of stay in long-standing hospitals compared to newer hospitals. We also found a decrease in length of stay in LRP group compared to open retropubic prostatectomy (ORP): 4.84 days vs 6.79 days, (p<0.001)., Conclusions: RP is consolidated as a therapy in CAM. LRP has been successfully implemented in CAM, offering advantage over ORP in terms of hospital stay. We observed statistically significant difference in length of stay in advantage of recent hospitals regarding longstanding.

Background: Most hospitalized older adults have reduced functional and physiological reserves, rendering them more vulnerable to the effects of a series of circumstances beyond the existence of health conditions unrelated to the reason for the hospitalization, usually worsening the hospitalization outcome. Despite the theoretical support for the idea that mobility improvement in the hospitalized patient carries multiple benefits, this idea has not been fully translated into clinical practice., Aims: Our objective was to assess if an exercise intervention involving patients and families could modify the cognitive and affective progression of hospitalized older patients, from admission to discharge and 30 days after discharge., Methods: This was a prospective intervention study with blinded outcome progression. Patients were recruited over a 3-month period and prospectively followed up. The intervention consisted in a supervised individualized graduated exercise program and education of ward and team staff, patients and caregivers to actively encourage mobility and functional independence., Results: A total of 29 patients were recruited. Mean age was 86.1 (SD 4.92), and 18 (62 %) were women. At discharge, we found a significant improvement in Mini-mental State Examination (p = 0.008), Trail making Test-A (p = 0.03), and verbal fluency (p = 0.019). One month after discharge, Geriatric Depression Scale-Yesavage and Delirium Rating Scale-revised-98 remained statistically different., Conclusions: This pilot study shows that an exercise program is feasible, and can be suitable to prevent cognitive and affective decline during acute hospitalization of older adults. It is a challenge for the new models of hospitalization to change the actual disease-centered view to the patient-centered view, optimizing traditionally neglected aspects such as functional, cognitive and affective recovery after hospitalization.

Objective: To identify and quantify risk factors related to red blood cell transfusion in premature babies weighing<1,500g who received erythropoietin (EPO). Secondly, to assess the relationship between retinopathy of prematurity and rh-EPO., Material and Methods: Prospective descriptive study of infants admitted to the Reina Sofía University Hospital between January 2006 and March 2009. Infants reviewed had a birth weight<1,500g and gestational age<32 weeks. Infants were administered rh-EPO 750IU/kg/week subcutaneously 3 days/week/ 6 weeks. We used univariate and multivariate logistic regressions with PASW Statistics 18 for Windows., Results: Data were obtained from 110 infants, with a mean birth weight of 1154grs and mean gestational age of 29.3 weeks. Risk factors (OR; 95% CI) for being transfused were: male sex (4.41; 1.24-15.66), GA (1.64; 1.14-2.36, 1 week), Hb level on admission (1.45; 1.04-2.04; 1g/dl), late onset sepsis (7.75; 2.21-21.11), late onset treatment with rh-EPO (6.27; 1.22-32.35). All surgically treated infants with patent ductus arteriosus ligation or necrotizing enterocolitis needed transfusion. There is no relationship between rh-EPO administration and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), but there was a relationship with transfusion., Conclusions: Premature infants with the lower gestational age, being male, a lower Hb level on admission and late onset sepsis are those with the greatest risk for blood transfusion., (Copyright © 2010 Asociación Española de Pediatría. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.)