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A new species, Potamocypris kusuokai sp. nov., is described based on males and females collected from Kitadaitojima, the northern-most of the Daito Islands, part of the Nansei Island archipelago in southwestern Japan. In addition, four other non-marine ostracod species found during sampling of the Daito Islands are reported, and these, together with the new species, are the first non-marine ostracods to be recorded from these remote Pacific islands. Potamocypris sudzukii Okubo, 1992, described from female specimens collected from Okinawa and Kuroshima, also part of the Nansei Islands, is redescribed based on a paratype specimen. This species is transferred to the genus Siamopsis Savatenalinton, 2017, which previously was only known from Thailand, extending the known distribution of the genus eastwards by about 2500 km. Plesiocypridopsis arsenia (Tressler, 1937), from the Philippines, is also transferred to Siamopsis, based on its original description. An overview of the current state of knowledge of non-marine ostracods of the Nansei Islands is provided.

With 53 formally described species, the genus Cypretta is one of the most common freshwater ostracod genera in the world. It has a mainly circumtropical distribution. The type species, Cypretta tenuicauda (Vávra, 1895), was described from Zanzibar (Africa) in a superficial way. Therefore, the morphology and identity of this species and of the genus remained problematic until today. Here, we redescribe Cypretta tenuicauda from the original type material and discuss the morphology of the species and the diagnosis of the genus. The species is characterized by the presence of anterior marginal septa in both valves, the sub-triangular carapace shape in lateral view, the right valve overlapping the left valve, the generally wide carapace and the presence of a serrated posteroventral inner list in the right valve. In addition, both α and β setae on the mandibular palp are long and thin, claws Ga and Gp on the caudal ramus are elongated and seta-like, while the caudal ramus itself is equally slender. The caudal ramus attachment is reduced to a simple branch. The present redescription of the type species will assist in creating order in what is now a taxonomically confused genus.

Ilyocypris leptolinea Wang & Zhai, sp. nov. is described from late Quaternary sediments in central-eastern Inner Mongolia, northern China. The new species, which has a carapace shape and pitted surface typical of the genus, is characterised by double rows of fine, densely arranged marginal ripplets, separated by an inner list, along both anterior and posterior calcified inner lamellae in the left valve. Outline analysis and Principal Component Analysis indicate that its morpho-space overlaps with I. bradyi Sars, 1890, I. japonica Okubo, 1990, and I. mongolica Martens, 1991, which have living or fossil representatives in Inner Mongolia, but it is clearly discriminated from I. innermongolica Zhai & Xiao, 2013. Judging from the relatively coarse lithology dominated by silt and sand, and the lack of accompanying brackish-water ostracods, I. leptolinea Wang & Zhai, sp. nov. may have lived in a relatively shallow freshwater lake. It perhaps can be added to the list of species that went extinct during the Quaternary, but the timing and process of extinction await further investigation.

A total of 39 taxa (19 living species, 20 subfossils) were collected from 59 different shallow aquatic bodies in Texas during April to June 2017. Cypridopsis schwartzi n. sp. is proposed as a new species collected from a cattle pond at Freeman Ranch near San Marcos, Texas. The species has several characteristics separating it from other species, including carapace shape, presence of a curved z3-seta on the second antenna, number of setae on the vibratory plate of the first thoracic leg, shape of hemipenis, numbers of whorls on the Zenker organ, and several other differences. With the new species, there are now 12 species in the genus Cypridopsis recorded for Texas, and Cypridopsis schwartzi n. sp. is the fifth species of the genus in Texas showing sexual reproduction. The new species was compared with other species of the genus in Texas and the taxonomic relationships are discussed.

Potamocypris kusuokai sp. nov. (Figs 2–6A & B) 2014 Potamocypris sp. —Smith: Figs 29.1a–f, 29.2b–c. 2016 Potamocypris sp. 1 —Smith et al.: Online supplementary material. Etymology. Named after Dr. Yasushi Kusuoka (formerly of the Lake Biwa Museum), in appreciation of his efforts collecting the specimens and making them available to the author. Type locality. Pool on limestone outcrop at coast of Nishiko, Kitadaitojima, Okinawa Prefecture (25.9539º N, 131.2843º E) (Fig. 1, locality 1). Type material. Holotype. JAPAN • 1 ♀, with soft parts dissected in glycerine and sealed in a slide, valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide; Okinawa Prefecture, Kitadaitojima, Nishiko; 25.9539º N, 131.2843º E; 14 Dec. 2010: Yasushi Kusuoka leg.; pool on limestone outcrop; LBM 1430009607. Allotype. JAPAN • 1 ♁, with soft parts dissected in glycerine and sealed in a slide, valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide; same collecting data as for holotype; LBM 1430009608. Paratypes. JAPAN • 1 ♀, with soft parts dissected in glycerine and sealed in a slide, valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide; same collecting data as for holotype; LBM 1430009609. • 3 ♁♁, with soft parts dissected in glycerine and sealed in slides, valves stored dry in micropalaeontological slides; same collecting data as for holotype; LBM 1430009610, LBM 1430009611, LBM 1430009612. • 1 ♀, whole, stored dry in a micropalaeontological cavity slide; same collecting data as for holotype; LBM 1430009613. • 1 ♁, whole, stored dry in micropalaeontological cavity slides; same collecting data as for holotype; LBM 1430009614. • 1 ♀, right valve, stored dry in micropalaeontological cavity slide; same collecting data as for holotype; LBM 1430009615., Published as part of Smith, Robin James, 2023, Descriptions of two Cypridopsinae (Ostracoda, Crustacea) species from the Nansei Islands, Japan, with the first records of non-marine ostracods from the Daito Islands, pp. 294-316 in Zootaxa 5293 (2) on page 298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5293.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/7960206

Key to genera with LV overlapping RV in the subfamily Cypridopsinae 1. Respiratory plate of T1 absent................................................... Austrocypridopsis McKenzie, 1982 ��� Respiratory plate of T1 present......................................................................................................... 2 2. Claw G2 on A2 strongly serrated...................................................................................................... 3 ��� Claw G2 on A2 normal developed.................................................................................................... 5 3. Terminal claw of T2 with bifurcate end, large setae on Mx1endites with spatula-shaped apex, valve surface without circular ridges............................................................ Thaicypridopsis gen. nov. ��� Terminal claw of T2 without bifurcate end, large setae on Mx1 endites without spatula-shaped apex................................................................................................................................................... 4 4. Hinge simple and adont, valve surface without circular ridges.......................................................................................................................................................... Cabelodopsis Higuti & Martens, 2012 ��� Hinge well developed, valve surface with prominent circular ridges......... Zonocypris M��ller, 1898 5. Pincer organ on T3 absent........................................................................ Neocypridopsis Klie, 1940 ��� Pincer organ on T3 present............................................................................................................... 6 6. CR absent in female and male.................................................. Pseudocypridopsis Karanovic, 1999 ��� CR present in female........................................................................................................................ 7 7. Carapace elongated, marginal fused zone somewhat broad, A2 natatory setae short................................................................................................................................... Cavernocypris Hartmann, 1964 ��� Carapace more ovated, marginal fused zone (if present) narrow, mostly A2 natatory setae long.... 9 8. Right prehensile palp with wing-like expansion on terminal segment, A2 aesthetasc Y 2-segmented........................................................................................................... Tungucypridopsis Victor, 1983 ��� Right prehensile palp without wing-like expansion on terminal segment, A2 aesthetasc Y 3- or 4-segmented................................................................................................. Cypridopsis Brady, 1867, Published as part of Savatenalinton, Sukonthip, 2018, New genus of subfamily Cypridopsinae Kaufmann, 1933 (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from Thailand, pp. 1-17 in European Journal of Taxonomy 487 on page 12, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.487, http://zenodo.org/record/2552713, {"references":["Higuti J. & Martens K. 2012. On a new cypridopsine genus (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Cyprididae) from the Upper Parana River Floodplain (Brazil). Zootaxa 3391: 23 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 208653","Muller G. W. 1898. Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise in Madagaskar und Ost-Afrika 1889 - 1895 von Dr. A. Voeltzkow: Die Ostracoden. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 21: 255 - 296."]}

Tribe Songkhramodopsini trib. nov. Type genus. Songkhramodopsis gen. nov. Diagnosis. Largely as for the genus. Genera included. Songkhramodopsis gen. nov. (monogeneric tribe)., Published as part of Savatenalinton, Sukonthip, 2023, Songkhramodopsis gen. nov., a new genus of Cypridopsinae (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from Thailand, pp. 51-68 in Zootaxa 5254 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5254.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7710819

Songkhramodopsis meischi gen. et sp. nov. (Figs 1–8) Etymology. The species is named in honor of Dr. Claude Meisch (National Natural History Museum of Luxembourg, Luxembourg) for his prominent work on ostracod taxonomy. Diagnosis. Cp in dorsal view elongated, subtriangular; LV overlapping RV all free margins with large overlapping anteriorly; LV and RV with inner list anteriorly, ventrally and posteriorly (very well-developed in LV), and anterior marginal selvage; RV with posterior selvage widely inwardly displaced; valve surface with non-rimmed pore setae, rimmed pore setae in shallow pits and tiny pores; A1 six-segmented, a ventral apical seta on first segment with bifurcate tip, fourth segment with three dorsal apical setae; A2 with natatory setae well-developed (reaching far beyond tip of terminal claws), g seta absent, third section of aesthetasc Y very wide and striated, exopodite with two long and one short setae; two large bristles on Mx1 third endite smooth; T2 without d1 seta, penultimate segment divided; T3 without pincer organ, terminal segment with two setae and one claw-like seta (h2); CR with cylindrical base and present only in female; male prehensile palps asymmetrical, right palp with subtriangular second segment, left palp with strongly sickle shaped second segment; Hp with bird head-shaped ls with blunt inner tip, and widely rounded ms, post-labyrinthal spermiduct with one loop; Zenker organ with blunt ends and eight spiny whorls. Type material. Holotype. Male, soft parts dissected in glycerine on a sealed glass slide and valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide (MSU-ZOC.351). Allotype. Female, soft parts dissected in glycerine on a sealed glass slide and valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide (MSU-ZOC.352). Paratypes. Two dissected males (MSU-ZOC.353 to 354) stored like the holotype, three undissected males (MSU-ZOC.355 to 357) stored dry in micropalaeontological slides, five dissected females (MSU-ZOC.358 to 362) stored like the holotype, three undissected females (MSU-ZOC.363 to 365) stored dry in micropalaeontological slides, c. four males and eight females in 70% ethanol. Type locality. Nong Ma Klap Reservoir, Si Songkhram District, Nakhon Phanom Province (Fig 9); coordinates: 17° 38′ 32″ N, 104° 19′ 42″ E; 16 November 2021. Measurements (in μm). Male. Cp (n = 3), L = 395–403, H = 176–182, W = 174–176; LV (n = 2), L = 395–400, H = 188–189; RV (n = 2), L = 371–374, H = 192–193. Female. Cp (n = 4), L = 418–442, H = 205–208, W = 200– 203; LV (n = 2), L = 426–439, H = 200–203; RV (n = 2), L = 413–426, H = 200–205. Description of male Cp in dorsal view (Fig 1A) elongated, greatest width situated at mid-length, anterior and posterior extremities narrowly rounded. Cp in lateral view (Fig 1B) elongated, subtriangular, greatest height situated at mid-length, anterior and posterior margins rounded, anteriorly slightly narrower rounded. LV overlapping RV along free margin, with larger overlap anteriorly. Valve surface with non-rimmed pore setae, rimmed pore setae in shallow pits and tiny pores (Fig 1C), setae and pores more abundant at anterior and posterior parts. LV in interior view (Figs 2A, 2C–D) with dorsal margin arched, ventral margin slightly sinuate, anterior and posterior margins rounded, and anterior marginal selvage, calcified inner lamella anteriorly broader than posteriorly, with very well-developed inner list anteriorly, ventrally and posteriorly. RV in interior view (Figs 2B, 2E–G) with anterior marginal selvage, posterior selvage widely inwardly displaced, calcified inner lamella anteriorly broader than posteriorly, with inner list anteriorly, ventrally and posteriorly. A1 (Fig 4A): six-segmented, first segment wide and stout, with small proximal Wouters organ, one long subapical dorsal seta (reaching mid-length of next segment) and two apical ventral setae, one markedly long, the other as half as long as the long one. The shorter seta with long setules, one of which stiff and inserted apically, creating a false bifurcate tip. Second segment slightly wider than long, with one long apical dorsal seta (reaching slightly beyond mid-length of next segment) and large Rome organ. Third segment very elongated, medially bearing one short dorsal seta and one short ventral seta, distally bearing two long apical dorsal setae, one short apical ventral seta and one short subapical ventral seta. Fourth segment with three long dorsal setae and two short ventral setae (longer one reaching mid-length of terminal segment, another one very short). Penultimate segment with four long apical setae. Terminal segment elongated with three (two long, one short) apical setae and aesthetasc ya (short apical seta and aesthetasc ya subequal in length). A2 (Fig 4B): Basal segment with two proximal setae and one long ventro-apical seta. Exopodite with three (two very long, one short) setae, the long setae reaching far beyond tip of first endopodal segment. First endopodal segment with five long setae (reaching beyond tip of terminal claws) and one shorter accompanying seta (half as long as penultimate segment), aesthetasc Y very large, tripartite, third section remarkably wide and striated, apical ventral seta long, reaching far beyond tip of terminal segment. Penultimate segment undivided, distally with large claw G1, claw G2 reduced, appearing smaller and shorter, claw G3 reduced to short and slender seta, z1 and z2 setae transformed into claws (z2 seta smaller than z1 seta), z3 seta intermediate length (c. 2/3 of length of z1 seta), aesthetasc y2 long (reaching tip of terminal segment), this segment medially with two (one long, one shorter) dorsal setae (length of shorter one c. 6/7 of that of long one) and one ventral seta (t seta). Terminal segment subquadrate with very large claw GM, claw Gm reduced to short and slender seta (reaching mid-length of claw GM), g-seta absent, aesthetasc y3 short, length c. 3/4 of that of accompanying seta. Rake-like organ stout, T-shaped, apically with eight blunt teeth. Md-palp (Fig 5A–C): first segment of palp with two large, hirsute S1 and S2 setae (with very different length, length of S1 seta c. half of that of S2 seta), one long and slender seta and a relatively long α-seta (length c. 1/3 of that of S1 seta), the latter smooth with pointed tip. Second segment dorsally with three subequal long apical setae; ventrally with a group of three long setae, one shorter seta and β-seta, the latter large, cone-shaped and plumose. Penultimate segment with three groups of setae: dorsally with a group of four subequal, long, subapical setae; laterally with hirsute apical γ-seta (length c. 2.3 times of that of terminal segment) and three further smooth apical setae; ventrally with two long apical setae (length c. 2.6 times of that of terminal segment). Terminal segment bearing three claws and two setae. Md-coxa (Fig 5E) elongated, distally with rows of teeth and small setae, and with one slender dorso-subapical seta. Mx1 (Fig 6A) with two-segmented palp, three endites and a large branchial plate (the latter not shown). Basal segment of palp with a group of five long, unequal apical setae, no medial subapical seta. Terminal segment of palp elongated, cylindrical, apically with three claws and two setae. Two large smooth bristles on third endite. T1 (Figs 6B–C): protopodite with two a-setae (one long and one very long), shorter one c. half as long as long one; no b, c, and d-setae, distally with eight hirsute apical setae of unequal length. Endopodite large and elongated, two-segmented, forming asymmetrical prehensile palps, right palp (Fig 6B) with two subapical spines on basal segment, terminal segment subtriangular; left palp (Fig 6C) with two subapical spines on basal segment, terminal segment strongly hook-like basally with blunt-tipped protrusion. T2 (Fig 6D) with slender d2 seta, no d1 seta. Second segment with medium-long e-seta (length c. 2/3 of that of penultimate segment). Penultimate segment divided, proximal part bearing long f-seta (reaching beyond tip of terminal segment), distal part with a pair of apical setae (long g-seta and one shorter seta). Terminal segment bearing two (one dorsally, one ventrally) apical h1 and h3 setae and a long and curved serrated claw h2, length of h1 c. 2/7 of that of h2, h3 very short (spine-like). T3 (Fig 7A) first segment with short d1 seta and long d2 and dp setae (d2 and dp setae c. twice as long as d1 seta). Second segment with short, hirsute apical e-seta (not reaching middle of next segment). Third segment with medially short, hirsute f-seta (not reaching tip of segment). Terminal segment completely separated and bearing three setae (h1-h3 setae), h1 seta shorter than h2 seta (length c. 2/3 of that of h2 seta), h2 seta claw-like, h3 seta reflexed, hirsute subapical seta, length of h3 seta c. 1.3 times of h2 length. Caudal ramus absent. Hp (Fig 7B) with ls and ms, the former bird head shaped with blunt inner beak, the latter with widely rounded distal margin, postlabyrinthal spermiduct curved with one loop. Zenker organ (Fig 7C) elongated with blunt ends and set with eight spiny whorls. Description of female Carapace and valves as in male, although somewhat bigger (Fig 1D–I, Fig 3). All limbs as in male, except for last two segments of A2 and T1. Penultimate segment of A2 (Fig 4C) with three large, serrated claws G1, G2 and G3, claw G2 stronger serrated than claws G1 and G3, z1-z3 setae long (not reaching tip of terminal claws), this segment medially with two (one long, one shorter) dorsal setae (length of shorter one c. 6/7 of that of long one) and four ventral setae of unequal length (t1–t4). Terminal segment subquadrate with large, serrated claw GM, short claw Gm (length c. half of that of claw GM), aesthetasc y3 short (length c. 3/4 of that of accompanying seta), g-seta absent. T1-endopodite (Fig 8B) elongated, weakly built palp with three very long apical setae of different lengths, with longest one more than twice as long as endopodite length. T2 (Fig 8C) same as in male, except for h3 seta appearing slightly longer. CR (Fig 8D) reduced, flagellum-like, with cylindrical base and long subapical seta., Published as part of Savatenalinton, Sukonthip, 2023, Songkhramodopsis gen. nov., a new genus of Cypridopsinae (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from Thailand, pp. 51-68 in Zootaxa 5254 (1) on pages 53-61, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5254.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7710819

A new genus and species of subfamily Cypridopsinae Kaufmann, 1900, Songkhramodopsis meischi gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Lower Songkhram River Basin, Thailand. The prominent diagnostic characters of the new genus mainly exist in antennula (A1), antenna (A2) and third thoracopod (T3): the six-segmented A1, the strongly serrated claw G2 on the female A2, the large aesthetasc Y with remarkably large and striated third section and the completely separated terminal segment of T3. The A1 with six segments, together with the distinctive morphology of aesthetasc Y, have been recognized for the first time in the Cypridopsinae. A new tribe, Songkhramodopsini trib. nov., is also erected to accommodate this exceptional new genus and species. The new taxon is also characterized by the left valve overlapping the right valve, the anterior and posterior inner list on both valves, the widely inwardly displaced posterior selvage on right valve, the bifurcate-like tip of an apical ventral seta on A1 first segment, the absence of d1 seta on second thoracopod (T2), the divided penultimate segment of T2, the female caudal ramus with cylindrical base, the very small number of spiny whorls of Zenker organ. A key to tribes of Cypridopsinae is provided.

Genus Songkhramodopsis gen. nov. Type species. Songkhramodopsis meischi gen. et sp. nov. (here designated) Etymology. The genus is named after the discovery area, the “Songkhram” River Basin and combined with “dopsis”, a short core word of cypridopsis. Diagnosis. Carapace in lateral view elongated subtriangular, LV overlapping RV; LV and RV with inner list anteriorly and posteriorly (very well-developed in LV), and anterior marginal selvage, RV with posterior selvage widely inwardly displaced; A1 six-segmented; A2 with natatory setae well-developed, claw G2 strongly serrated in female, aesthetasc Y large with wide and striated third section; T1 of both male and female with two a setae (b, c and d setae absent); T2 with d2 seta (d1 seta absent), penultimate segment divided; T3 with distinctively separated terminal segment, pincer organ absent; CR in female with cylindrical base; Hp with bird head-shaped ls; Zenker organ with small number of spiny whorls (c. eight spiny whorls). Remarks. The external morphology of Cp of Songkhramodopsis gen. nov. is similar to that of Brasilodopsis appearing subtriangular in lateral view. Songkhramodopsis gen. nov. can be distinguished mainly by the larger valve overlap anteriorly, the presence of anterior inner list on the RV, the widely inwardly displaced posterior selvage on the RV, the six-segmented A1 (seven-segmented in Brasilodopsis), the strongly serrated claw G2 on female A2, the completely separated terminal segment of T3, the number of post-labyrinthal spermiduct loop (one in the new genus, two in Brasilodopsis) and the smaller number of spiny whorls of Zenker organ (eight in the new genus, 10 in Brasilodopsis)., Published as part of Savatenalinton, Sukonthip, 2023, Songkhramodopsis gen. nov., a new genus of Cypridopsinae (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from Thailand, pp. 51-68 in Zootaxa 5254 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5254.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7710819

Two new species of Zonocypris G. W. Müller, 1898 are described from the late Aptian of the Araripe Basin, Northeast Brazil: Zonocypris berthoui sp. nov. and Zonocypris dorsoconvexa sp. nov. Species of this genus occur from the Early Cretaceous to the Holocene and are characterized by a small globular carapace, often ornamented over the whole surface by concentric ridges with simple normal pore canals, showing a remarkable morphological stability during the evolution of the genus. The first records of the genus point to an Atlantic origin. In Aptian deposits, species of Zonocypris are rare, occurring in brackish/freshwater assemblages, with marine influence.

We describe the cypridoidean ostracod Cavernocypris hokkaiensis sp. nov. from riverbed sediments in an alpine stream at an elevation of ca. 1850 m in the Taisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido, Japan. This species differs from congeners in having (1) the outer surface of the carapace smooth, with sparse, tiny setae, but without shallow pits; (2) the carapace elongate rather than triangular in lateral view; (3) the antennula consisting of seven podomeres; (4) first palpal podomere of maxillula with five dorsodistal and one ventro-subdistal setae; (5) the fifth limb lacking setae b and d; and (6) the fifth limb lacking a vibratory plate. We provided the key to the Cavernocypris species. We determined partial sequences for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI; cox1) and 18S rRNA (18S) genes in C. hokkaiensis. Our sample contained only females, and we obtained a partial 16S rRNA sequence for the endosymbiotic bacterium Cardinium from C. hokkaiensis, indicating the possibility that this ostracod species reproduces parthenogenetically. Our field survey and observations of captive individuals suggested that C. hokkaiensis may be endemic to the Taisetsu Mountains, with a low population density, narrow distributional range, and slow maturation to sexual maturity.

We describe Malawidopsis gen. nov., a new genus of Cypridopsinae Kaufmann, 1900 from the African ancient Lake Malawi. The genus comprises at least 17 new species, which makes it a significant ostracod radiation in this lake, parallel to a similar (but independent) cypridopsine radiation in Lake Tanganyika. Three of these new species are here described: Malawidopsis stellae gen. et. sp. nov., the type species of the new genus; M. ruwaydae gen. et. sp. nov. and M. antoniae gen. et. sp. nov.. The other new species are briefly illustrated and described, but are left in open nomenclature (sp. A, B, C, etc.). Cypridopsis cunningtoni Sars, 1910 and Potamocypris fuelleborni Daday, 1910 are transferred to Malawidopsis gen. nov. and are identical to Malawidopsis spec. F and Malawidopsis spec. N, respectively. The new tribe Plesiocyprisopsini trib. nov. is erected, and comprises the cypridopsine genera previously in the Cypridopsini s.l. with the right valve overlapping the left valve, at least anteriorly. Potential drivers of speciation within this endemic clade in Lake Malawi are briefly discussed. Bathymetry might have been important, with most species being restricted to shallower depths and only four species also occurring at depths of 75 m or more, but very few specimens were retrieved from greater depths. Most species occurred on coarse sand, but this sediment category coincides with shallower stations. Overall, most species appear to have a wide geographical distribution in the lake, so no geographical parapatric speciation is apparent. The occurrence of all species in sexual populations and the significant differences in the male sexual organs and the valves suggest that sexual selection might have been the most important driver in the speciation process of this species flock, but this should be further explored. Following deep coring results in Lake Malawi, the present clade could be (at least) c one million years old.

Neocypridella fossulata (Daday, 1910) is redescribed based on type material from the Daday collection (Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest). The major diagnostic characters of the genus are the ovate shape of the carapace in lateral view, with the left valve overlapping the right valve, the absence of marginal septa on the valve margins, the right valve anterior selvage not inwardly displaced, the presence of a Wouters’ organ on the first antenna, the divided penultimate segment of the second antenna, the markedly large β-seta on the mandibular palp, the subquadrate terminal segment of the maxillula palp, the divided penultimate segment of the second thoracopod with setae d1 and d2 both long, the slender caudal ramus and the slender caudal ramus attachment with thin dorsal and ventral branches. Neocypridella fossulata can be further characterized by the oblique carapace in frontal view, the two smooth bristles on the maxillula third endite and the thin and long Ga claw of the caudal ramus, which is c. 3/5 of the length of the ramus. The morphology of Neocypridella is compared with related taxa and the taxonomic position of the genus is discussed. This revealed that Neocypridella cannot be assigned to any of the extant subfamilies in the Cyprididae. Therefore, a new subfamily, Neocypridellinae subfam. nov., is erected.

Cypretta tenuicauda (Vávra, 1895) (Figs 2–6) 1895 Cypridopsis (Cypretta) tenuicauda Vávra: p. 7, fig 2 (1–3) (Zanzibar). 1936 Cypretta tenuicauda Vávra, in: Lowndes, p. 28 (Lake George, Uganda). 1937 non Cypretta tenuicauda Vávra,fide: Tressler, p. 203 (Bali, Indonesia) Type locality. Pool near a leak in a water supply pipeline of the city of Zanzibar, United Republic of Tanzania (Fig. 1). Collection made on 16 June 1888 by Dr Stuhlmann. Approximate coordinates: - 6.16394S, 39.19793E. (from https://www.geodatos.net/en/coordinates/tanzania/ zanzibar-) Type Material. Lectotype (here designated): 1 ♀, with soft parts dissected in glycerine in a sealed slide and with valves stored dry in a micropaleontological slide (ZMH K-62047). Paralectotypes: 2 ♀ with soft parts dissected as the lectotype (ZMH K-62048 and ZMH K-62049), 3 ♀ carapaces stored dry in micropaleontological slides after use for SEM illustrations (ZMH K-62050), 17 female adults and six juveniles in the original tube in EtOH (ZMH K-19017). Diagnosis. CpLl triangular, L/H ratio ca. 1.4, with rounded dorsal margin and greatest height in the middle, Cp wide in dorsal and ventral views, greatest width situated slightly behind the middle; RV anteriorly, ventrally and posteriorly overlapping the LV, most pronounced at the anterior side. RV with large il crenulated in the posteroventral corner. LV with a weak anterior il and a strongly inwardly displaced sl along the entire posterior margin, this sl smooth, not crenulated. Both valves with strong anterior marginal septa and ca. 15 lunules (chambers); LV also with weakly developed posterior septa and lunules. Calcified inner lamella in both valves wide anteriorly and narrow posteriorly. External valve surface weakly pitted. A1 with a short RO. A2 with a small g seta, reaching halfway the accompanying seta of aesthetasc y3. MdPalp with a medium α seta on the first segment and a hirsute β seta of medium length on the second segment. Mx1 with two distally serrated Zahnborsten on the third endite and two sideways directed bristles of medium length, second palp segment ca twice as long as basal width. T1 with setae b and c absent. T2 with seta d 1 and d 2 both short; penultimate segment divided. T3 with a short medial f seta. CR with claws G a and G p seta-like; seta S p short; seta S a absent. CR attachment a single rod. Measurements. See Table 1 Description of female LVi (Figs 2A, C) with calcified inner lamella wide along anterior margin, and narrow along ventral, and posterior margins; weak il running along full anterior and half of ventral margins; posteriorly with a strongly inwardly displaced sl, the latter smooth (Fig. 2C); with ca. 15 septa along anterior margin and weakly developed ones along postero-ventral margin (Fig. 3A). RVi (Figs 2B, D) with calcified inner lamella wide along anterior margin and narrow along ventral and posterior margins; strong il forming a Strandesia- like groove along anterior, ventral, and posterior margins, this il crenulated in posteroventral part; with ca. 15 septa along the anterior margin (Fig. 3B). Cms (Fig. 2E) forming a simplified paw-print pattern, consisting of an anterior pair of small scars, posteriorly with a row of three small scars, below with two relatively small mandibular scars. CpLl (Fig. 2F) with a subtriangular shape, L/H ratio ca. 1.4, with rounded dorsal margin, greatest height situated in the middle; RV overlapping LV along antero-dorsal, anterior, posteroventral and posterior margins. CpV and CpD (Figs 2G, H) with oval shape, posterior margin broadly rounded, anterior margin pointed; RV overlapping LV mostly anteriorly, but also ventrally (with large expansion in the central part) and posteriorly; greatest width situated slightly behind the middle; large outer lists on both valves. A1 (Fig. 4A) composed of seven segments. First segment with two large ventral and one dorsal seta of medium length, the latter ca. 1/3 the length of ventral setae; WO not seen. Second segment with one short dorsal seta (ca. 3/4 the length of the third segment) and a small lateral RO. Third segment with one short ventro-apical seta and one short dorsal seta, almost reaching end of fifth segment. Fourth segment with one short ventral seta (almost reaching end of the sixth segment) and two long dorsal setae. Fifth segment with one short ventral seta and two long dorsal setae. Sixth segment with four long apical setae. Terminal segment with long aesthetasc y a, one short seta, halflength of y a, two long seta (one slightly longer than y a). A2 (Figs. 4B, C) composed of six segments: two-segmented protopodite, one-segmented exopodite and three endopodal segments. Protopodite carrying three short and one medium-sized ventral setae, the latter ca. 3 times the length of the short ones. Exopodite consisting of a small plate with two unequally short setae and one seta of medium length. First endopodal segment with ventral aesthetasc Y, ca. half the length of the segment, five long hirsute natatory setae reaching the tips of end claws and one accompanying seta of medium length almost reaching the tip of second endopodal segment. Second endopodal segment with a group of four ventral t setae (t 1 -t 4) of unequal length (one short, three of medium length), two medio-dorsal setae of unequal, medium length, three medium-sized z setae (z 1 - z 3); and three claws (G 1 - G 3, G 2 the longest, G 1 the shortest). Terminal segment (Fig. 4C) with claw G M of medium length and claw G m short, both weakly serrated; accompanying seta of aesthetasc y 3 slightly longer than aesthetasc, and g seta reaching halfway of y3 accompanying seta. MdCox (Fig. 4D) rather slender, with ca. seven apical teeth intercalated with setae; one short sub-apical hirsute seta on the dorsal margin, not reaching the base of the teeth. MdPalp (Figs. 5A, B) four segmented. First segment ventrally with plumose setae S 1 and S 2, one long smooth seta and α seta of medium length (ca. half the length of the long smooth seta). Second segment ventrally with stout and hirsute β seta of medium length and three apical smooth setae of medium length; dorsally with a group of three subequal setae (one long, one of medium length and one short and hirsute). Third segment dorsally with a group of four setae of medium length; apically with three setae of medium length, two short setae and short hirsute seta γ. Last segment (Fig. 5B) with three claws and three setae. Mx1 (Fig. 5C) composed of two-segmented palp, three endites and large respiratory plate (the latter not illustrated). Basal segment of palp with a group of four short subapical setae and one (sub-) apical seta of medium length, one lateral seta of medium length and one isolated subapical seta. Terminal segment elongated (L ca. twice W), apically with three claws and two setae. Third endite with two large bristles strongly serrated; and one mediolateral seta (ca. slightly shorter than the endite). First endite with two distally hirsute sideways directed bristles of medium length. T1 (Fig. 5D) composed of an exopodite (not illustrated), endopodite and protopodite. Endopodite (Fig. 5E) a palp with a conical shape, apically with three unequally long hirsute setae. Protopodite with two equally short a setae and 10 apical and three subapical, unequally short, setae; short seta d present; seta b missing. T2 (Fig. 5F) composed of five segments. First segment with short and hirsute seta d 1. Second segment with equally short hirsute seta d 2. Third segment with apical; hirsute and seta e of medium length, reaching beyond the middle of fourth segment. Fourth segment medially with hirsute and unusually long seta f, reaching halfway end claw h 2, apically with small g seta, reaching the end of terminal segment. Terminal segment apically with short ventral seta h 1, long but slender and strongly curved claw h 2, and short dorsal seta h 3, ca. ¼ the length of seta h 1. T3 (Figs. 6A, B) composed of four segments. First segment elongated, with hirsute seta d 1 of medium length and two slightly longer and hirsute setae d 2 and d p, the latter the longest. Second segment elongated, with short hirsute, apical e seta reaching halfway third segment.Third segment with short f seta, ca. 1/4the length of the segment.Terminal segment (Fig.6B) with pincer-like shape, with short seta h 1,slightly longer seta h 2, and short and hirsute reflexed seta h 3. CR (Fig. 6C) composed of short and weakly sclerified ramus, long apical claw G a, shorter subapical claw G p, both slender and seta-like, and short subapical hirsute seta S p. Seta S a fully absent. CR-attachment (Fig. 6D) reduced to a short and curved rod. Male unknown., Published as part of Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Higuti, Janet & Martens, Koen, 2023, Redescription of the type species of the genus Cypretta (Ostracoda, Crustacea) with notes on the taxonomy of the genus, pp. 79-92 in Zootaxa 5231 (1) on pages 81-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5231.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7571933, {"references":["Vavra, W. (1895) Die von Dr. F. Stuhlmann gesammelten Susswasser-Ostracoden Zanzibar's. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, 12, 3 - 23."]}

Genus Cypretta Vávra, 1895 Type species: Cypretta tenuicauda (Vávra, 1895) G.W. Müller 1898 Other species: see Meisch et al. (2019) and Savatenalinton (2018). Diagnosis (based on the type species). CpLl triangular, with rounded dorsal margin in lateral view, Cp wide in dorsal and ventral views, RV anteriorly, ventrally and posteriorly overlapping the LV, most pronounced at the anterior side; both valves with a large outer list. RV with large il, creating a Strandesia- like groove along anterior, ventral and posterior margins. This il crenulated in postero-ventral corner. LV with a weak anterior il and a strongly inwardly displaced sl along the entire posterior margin. Both valves with strong anterior marginal septa; posterior septa and lunules possible. Calcified inner lamella in both valves wide anteriorly and narrow posteriorly. Cms consisting of five small, semi-circular scars, two anteriorly, three posteriorly and two anteroventral mandibular scars. A1 with five distal-most segments relatively short. A2 with large and narrow claws and natatory setae long, reaching tips of end claws. MdCox relatively slender, MdPalp with α seta of medium length and narrow, β seta of medium length, stout, and hirsute, γ seta short and slender, also hirsute. Mx1 with second palp segment ca. twice as long as basal width; third endite with two Zahnborsten distally set with few spines; two side-ways directed bristles of medium length and hirsute. T1 with two short a setae and one short d seta. T2 with setae d 1 and d 2 short; f seta long. T3 a cleaning leg with pincer-shaped distal part; seta d p longer than d 1 and d 2, setae e, f and h 1-3 short. CR with slender and short ramus, claws G a (longest) and G p seta-like. CR attachment a single rod. Remarks. Several species presently allocated to the genus Cypretta do not fully fit this diagnosis.Some characters will be discussed below, but a fuller appraisal of the taxonomy of the genus will be presented elsewhere., Published as part of Ferreira, Vitor Góis, Higuti, Janet & Martens, Koen, 2023, Redescription of the type species of the genus Cypretta (Ostracoda, Crustacea) with notes on the taxonomy of the genus, pp. 79-92 in Zootaxa 5231 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5231.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7571933, {"references":["Vavra, W. (1895) Die von Dr. F. Stuhlmann gesammelten Susswasser-Ostracoden Zanzibar's. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, 12, 3 - 23.","Muller, G. W. (1898) Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise in Madagaskar und Ost-Afrika 1889 - 1895 von Dr. A. Voeltzkow: Die Ostracoden. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 21 (2), 255 - 296.","Meisch, C., Smith, R. J. & Martens, K. (2019) A subjective global checklist of the extant non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea). European Journal of Taxonomy, 492, 1 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2019.492","Savatenalinton, S. (2018) Two new species of Cypretta Vavra, 1895 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Thailand and discussion of the genus. Zootaxa, 4532 (4), 483 - 502. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4532.4.2"]}

Two new Cypridopsinae ostracods, Potamocypris meissnerisp. nov. and Sarscypridopsis harundinetisp. nov. are described. Both were found only as asexual (all-female) populations in temporary waters of southern Africa. Potamocypris meissneri was collected from a small pan in the North-West Province of South Africa. It is approximately 0.5 mm long and belongs to the species group with long swimming setae on the second antennae. However, the species has a somewhat isolated position in the genus owing to the conspicuously reticulated carapace, which is furthermore densely covered by prominent conuli with normal pores carrying long sensilla, as well as to the wide anterior and posterior flanges on the left valve. To allow identification of the new species in relation to its closest congeners, a key to the species of the genus Potamocypris Brady, 1870 from southern Africa is provided. The genus Sarscypridopsis McKenzie, 1977 mostly has an Afrotropical distribution with only few species occurring in other regions. Sarscypridopsis harundineti was collected from floodplains of the outskirts of the Okavango Delta in Botswana. It is approximately 0.4 mm long and can be distinguished from congeners mainly by the smaller and more oval-shaped valves. We conclude that southern African Cypridopsinae urgently need integrated taxonomic revision, by means of both morphological characters and DNA-sequence data.

Cypridopsis schwartzi n. sp. (Figs. 2-6) Diagnosis. Carapace in dorsal view with LV overlapping RV at the margins, RV anteriorly without pustules, LV with the double folded inner list posteriorly, anteriorly margin of LV with diamond-shape ornamentations internally, LV with well-developed anteriorly calcified inner lamella. A2 with well-developed swimming setae extending the tip of the terminal claws; the 6 th seta shorter barely reaching one third of the penultimate segment. Third segment with two unequally long medium sized setae in dorsal edge, t1-2 setae very long, t3 and 4 setae not observed. T 1 with b and d setae absent. Prehensile palps asymmetrical. Left palp proximally curved with a well-developed spine, right palp robust. Fingers with strong hook shaped ends. Vibratory plate with four plumose setae. Mandible with a smooth and thin alpha seta, beta seta wide hirsute, gamma seta smooth. Zenker organ with 18 whorls. Outer lobe (lobe a) of hemipenis with a well-developed protrusion internally, inner lobe with pointing end and medial lobe rounded. Etymology. The species is named after Benjamin F. Schwartz (Texas State University) for his contributions to aquatic studies in Texas. Type Locality. Freeman Ranch (Texas State University), San Marcos County, Texas, USA (latitude 29.937, longitude -98.002). Material examined. Holotype: One adult male dissected in lactophenol solution with soft body parts (no: OK-TX-OKF-1) sealed with translucent nail polish; valve kept on a micropalaeontological slide (no: OK-TX-OKF-2). Collected from the type locality on 18 May 2017 by OK and JAV. Allotype: One adult female dissected in lactophenol solution with soft body parts from the type locality (no: OK-TX-OKF-3); valve kept on a micropalaeontological slide. Collected by OK and JAV. Paratypes: Three males (OK-TX-OKF-4) and three females (OK-TX-OKF-5) mounted and sealed in glass slides, three carapaces kept after use for SEM (OK-TX-OKF-6), collected from the type locality; 61 females and 27 males collected from type locality. Description. Male: Measurements (based on midlength). L= 0.65–0.71 mm, H= 0.44–0.46 mm, W= 0.50 mm (n =4). LV overlapping RV anteriorly (Figs. 2A) and posteriorly (Fig. 2 A-E, F). Carapace ovate. In dorsal view (Fig. 2E); posterior margin rounded, anterior margin slightly pointed. Carapace surface smooth with normal pore openings and stiff setae (Figs. 2B, F, 3G). Anterior margin of RV without a row of tiny pustules (Fig. 2C). Dorsal margin arched about the center. Pits absent or weakly present. Calcified inner lamella wider anteriorly than posteriorly (Fig. 2C), anterior margin with diamond-shape ornamentations internally. Posteroventral margin of LV with the double folded inner list (Fig. 2D). LV with internal grooves posteroventrally. Four large central and two ventral muscle scars (and two very small) located about the center (Fig. 2F). Eyes visible with black pigment. Color translucent to greenish without transverse bands. Antennule (A1): Seven segmented (Fig. 4A): First segment (base) well-developed with a long Wouters Organ, a medium sized smooth seta on dorsal margin, and two unequally long smooth setae on ventral margin. Second segment with Rome organ short on ventral margin, dorsal-apical seta medium in size and smooth. Third segment with a long dorsal-apical seta extending halfway of the terminal segment. Fourth segment with two long dorsalapical setae, and two unequally long medium sized smooth ventral-apical setae. Fifth segment with two long dorsal setae, and one medium-sized and one long ventral-apical setae. Sixth segment with four long and smooth setae and one very short dorsal seta. Terminal segment with two long and short smooth setae and one medium-sized aesthetasc ya. Antenna (A2): Four segmented (Fig. 4B). First segment with two small and smooth setae and with a mediumsized thin smooth dorsal-apical seta reaching end of the next segment. Exopodite with one long and two very small seta, first five natatory setae longer extending the tips of the claws, the 6 th seta shorter, barely reaching one third of the penultimate segment, and one well developed slightly plumose ventral-apical seta exceeding the terminal segment. Aesthetasc Y two-segmented. Third (penultimate) segment with two unequally long medium sized setae in dorsal edge, t1-2 setae unequally long and short one slightly plumose, t3 and 4 setae not observed. y2-seta very long reaching about tips of GM claw. G1 and G2 claws well developed, G3 reduced or absent. Z1-seta claw like, z2 seta-like smooth, z3-seta curved long extending tips of the claws. GM claw well-developed on terminal segment, Gm claw short about 1/3 of GM slightly serrated, and y3-seta thin about half of the Gm claw. All claws and z1-seta serrated. Mandible (Md) (Fig. 4C): Coxa with eight robust teeth and three medium-sized setae internally, and dorsal seta short and stout. Palp four-segmented. First segment with vibratory plate with six well plumose setae, S1 and S2 setae plumose and unequally long. Alpha seta thin and smooth about 1/4 of S1 seta, and a long smooth seta reaching the tips of terminal claws. Second segment with ventrally a group of three unequally long smooth setae, beta seta wide, hirsute, tapering to distal end, slightly longer than alpha seta. Two of three unequally long external setae reaching tips of terminal claws, a medium-sized seta plumose barely reaching end of the next segment. Third (penultimate) segment with four unequally long and smooth external setae, two internal setae unequally long and smooth. Gamma seta smooth. Terminal segment with unequally long three claw-like setae, and three short setae. Maxillula (Mxl) (Fig. 5A): Three endites and a palp with two segments, vibratory plate with 23 well-developed and plumose setae. First, second and third endites with 7 setae (2 long, 5 short), 5 setae similar in size and 6 setae (4 smooth and 2 smooth bristle-like) (not all setae illustrated in the figures), respectively. Base of first endite with two medium-sized smooth slender setae. First segment of Mx-palp with 5 setae (4 long smooth apical setae and 1 short medial seta). First segment about 3x longer than second segment. Second (terminal) segment rectangular with 4 claw-like and smooth unequally long setae. Rake-like organ with 7-8 teeth (Fig. 5B). First thoracic leg (T1) (Figs 5 C-D): Prehensile palps asymmetrical ending with hooked-like fingers modified into clasping organs. Right palp stronger and robust. Left palp slightly longer, proximally curved and narrower than right one. Fingers ending with a strong hook shaped part. Left palp with a well-developed spine. Endite (masticatory process) with ten unequally long plumose setae. Two unequally long “a” setae present, setae b-d not observed. Vibratory plate with four long plumose setae. Second thoracic leg (T2) (Fig. 5E): Five-segmented with a medium-sized plumose d2 seta on the first segment. Second, third and fourth segments with unequally long e, f, g setae slightly plumose, respectively. Terminal segment subrectangular, seta h1 short and plumose, h2 seta claw-like and extending about the last three segments and serrated. Seta h3 not observed. Third thoracic leg (T3) (Fig. 5F): Three-segmented with long and smooth d1 and d2 setae, dp seta long, reaching end of the second segment. Second and third segments with slightly plumose “e” and “f” setae, respectively. Seta “e” about twice as long as “f” seta. Terminal segment separated from third segment (cf. Fig. 5F), with h1-3 setae, h1 seta very short curved, h2 hook-like and h3 seta smooth, about as long as third segment. Uropod: absent in males. Zenker organ (Fig. 6A): with 18 whorls ending with 11 corrugated openings. Hemipenis (Fig. 6B): Medium in size, outer lobe “a” with a well-developed protrusion pointing internally, inner lobe “b” with pointed end, medial lobe “h” rounded. Color: Opaque white to light green. Description. Female: Carapace shape similar to that of male (Figs. 3 A-G). Measurements: L= 0.66–0.70 mm; H= 0.43–0.44 mm; W=0.53 (n =4); G-claws (length ratio G3>G1>GM>G2≈Gm) present on A2 (Fig. 4D). Seta z1 thin, claw-like, setae z2-3 thin and smooth. T1 (Fig. 6C) normally developed, endopod with 2 short (h1-h3) and one long h2 setae (h2>h1≈h3). Seta h2 3 times as long as h1. All smooth. Endite with 10 apical setae. Uropod (Fig. 6D): flagellum type (cypridopsine type) with an elongated base and one posterior seta. Genital part rounded with a genital hook inside. All other parts similar to the males. Accompanying taxa. Physocypria gibbera (Furtos) (see Table 2). ......Continued on the next page ......Continued on the next page .....Continued on the next page .....Continued on the next page Remarks: One of the aims of the present study is to compare 15 species of the genus Cypridopsis reported so far from Texas and USA. A general, but not limited, description of the new species is based on the following: carapace structure, length of swimming setae on A2, shape of hemipenis and numbers of whorls on the Zenker Organ and setae on vibratory plate of T1, and several other differences in chaetotaxy whenever possible. Several authors (e.g., Ferguson 1959; Meisch 1991; Karanovic 2012; Pérez et al. 2019) have already commented that not only the subfamily Cypridopsinae but the genera (i.e., Cypridopsis) need to be revised because the taxonomic status of many species in the genus is still questionable (also see below). This lack of taxonomic clarity has also been an issue for us during the present study. Thereby, we thought that it was worth discussing those problems and/or specific taxonomic issues for the 15 species reported from Texas and USA. Accordingly, we compared our species with 10 other bisexual species listed in Rome (1962), Löffler (1963) and Tressler (1954). Using the length of swimming setae on A2 is a common practice in taxonomic keys for ostracods (see e.g., Meisch 2000; Karanovic 2012). Following this application, these species can be divided into two main groups based on the length of the swimming setae (natatory setae) used in the taxonomic keys (see details below). Similar species: Notwithstanding the species listed here, some bisexual species reported from outside of Texas and USA can be compared with the new species. In this way, two species of Rome (1962) (C. acanthodes and C. arcuata) have shorter or intermediate swimming setae while 10 species (C. aequalis, Rome; C. ellipsoidalis, Rome; C. lacustris, Rome; C. longa, Rome; C. ovalis, Rome; C. phantomensis, Tressler (see discussion); C. pseudoparva, Löffler; C. raripila, Rome) bear long setae extending the tips of the terminal claws. Among them, C. acanthodes is different than all others because of valve overlapping. RV overlaps LV in this species while LV> RV in others. Also, the carapace surface consists of notches in C. acanthodes whereas other species have a nearly smooth carapace surface (see C. lacustris with dorsoventral denticles). Numbers of vibratory plates on T1 is another character to compare. In four of these species (C. ellipsoidalis, C. ovalis, C. pseudoparva, C. raripila), the plate has four rays as is the case in C. schwartzi n. sp.. Rome (1962) underlines three rays for the females of C. ovalis but four for the males. Two bristles on Mxl are generally with two types, either smooth or denticulated. In four species (C. acanthodes, C. arcuata, C. ovalis, C. lacustris), bristles are smooth, similar to the new species. Shape of the hemipenis along with the numbers of whorls on Zenker Organ varies among the species, and none resembles our new species (see description above). For instance, while the shape of lobe “a” looks like a bird’s head in C. ellipsoidalis and C. raripila it is very concave in C. acanthodes, C. arcuata and C. ovalis, C. longa. The shape of lobe “a” is even reported as half-moon in C. aequalis (see Rome 1962)., Published as part of Külköylüoğlu, Okan, Veech, Joseph A. & Tuncer, Alaettin, 2022, New ostracod species (Cypridopsis schwartzi n. sp.) from Texas, with discussion on the taxonomic status of Cypridopsis species in the USA, pp. 331-354 in Zootaxa 5196 (3) on pages 337-348, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5196.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7235080, {"references":["Ferguson, E. Jr. (1964) The Ostracod (Crustacea) Genus Cypridopsis in North America and a description of Cypridopsis howei, sp. nov. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 83 (4), 380 - 384. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3224755","Cole, M. E. (1965) Seven new species of ostracods from Tennessee. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 40 (4), 132 - 142.","Cole, M. E. (1966) Revised name for a new species of ostracods from Tennessee. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 41, 91.","Tressler, W. L. (1937) Ostracoda. Mitteilung XVIII von der Walacea-Expedition Woltereck, 1931 - 1932. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie, 34 (3 / 5), 188 - 207. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19370340112","Wise, C. D. (1961) Taxonomy and Ecology of fresh-water ostracods of south-central Texas. Ph. D. thesis, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 334 pp.","Kaufmann, A. (1900) Cypriden und Darwinuliden der Schweiz. Revue Suisse de Zoolgie, 8, 209 - 423. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 10584","Schafer, H. W. (1943) Uber zwei neue deutsche Arten der Susswasser-Ostracoden. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 143, 210 - 216.","Tressler, W. L. (1954) Fresh-water ostracoda from Texas and Mexico. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 44, 138 - 149.","Muller, O. F. (1776) Zoologiae danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium daniae et norvegiae indigenarum Characteres, Nomina, et Synonyma imprimis popularium. typis Hallageriis, Havniae, XXXXII + 282 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 63795","Ferguson, E. Jr. (1959) A synopsis of the ostracod (Crustacea) genus Cypridopsis with the description of a new species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 72, 59 - 68.","Meisch, C. (1991) Revision of the freshwater ostracod species Cypridopsis hurtwigi and Cypridopsis elongata. With a key to the European Cypridopsinae. Bulletin de la Societe des naturalistes luxembourgeois, 92, 159 - 178.","Karanovic, I. (2012) Recent freshwater ostracods of the world: Crustacea, Ostracoda, Podocopida. Springer Publishing, Heidelberg, 608 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 21810 - 1","Perez, A. P., Coviaga, C. A., Ramos, L. Y., Lancelotti, J., Alperin, M. S. & Cusminsky, G. C. (2019) Taxonomic revision of Cypridopsis silvestrii comb. nov. (Ostracoda, Crustacea) from Patagonia, Argentina with morphometric analysis of their intraspecific shape variability and sexual dimorphism. Zootaxa, 4563 (1), 83 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4563.1.4","Rome, D. R. (1962) Ostracodes: Exploration Hydrobiologique du Lac Tanganika (1946 - 1947). Institut Royal Des Sciences Naturelles De Belgique, 3 (8), 1 - 309.","Loffler, H. (1963) Zur Ostracoden- und Copepodenfauna Ekuadors (mit Beschreibung 6 neuer Arten und 3 neuer Unterarten). Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 59 (2), 196 - 234.","Meisch, C. (2000) Freshwater Ostracoda of Western and Central Europe. In: Schwoerbel, J. & Zwick, P. (Eds.), Susswasserfauna von Mitteleuropa 8 / 3. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin, pp. 1 - 522."]}

Genus Cypridopsis Brady, 1867 Type species: Cypridopsis vidua (O.F. Müller, 1776), Published as part of Külköylüoğlu, Okan, Veech, Joseph A. & Tuncer, Alaettin, 2022, New ostracod species (Cypridopsis schwartzi n. sp.) from Texas, with discussion on the taxonomic status of Cypridopsis species in the USA, pp. 331-354 in Zootaxa 5196 (3) on page 337, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5196.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7235080, {"references":["Brady, G. S. (1867) A synopsis of the recent British Ostracoda. The Intellectual Observer, 12 (2), 110 - 130.","Muller, O. F. (1776) Zoologiae danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium daniae et norvegiae indigenarum Characteres, Nomina, et Synonyma imprimis popularium. typis Hallageriis, Havniae, XXXXII + 282 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 63795"]}

Key to genera of Cypridinae 1. T 2 penultimate segment undivided.........................................2 – T 2 penultimate segment divided.............................................3 2. d2 seta on T 2 absent, selvage on both valves submarginal.................................................................................. Pseudocypris – d2 seta on T 2 present, RV with inwardly displaced selvage.......................................................................................... Cypris 3. Inwardly displaced selvage present on both valves...............4 – Inwardly displaced selvage absent or present on one valve..5 4. β-seta on Md-palp long and slender (seta form), d1 and d2 setae on T 2 subequal in length............................. Globocypris – β-seta on Md-palp dome-shaped, d1 seta c. 2 times the length of d2 seta......................................................................... Alboa 5. Submarginal selvage on both valves, posterior inner lists of both valves not running parallel to valve margin... Mnementh – Inwardly displaced selvage on RV only, LV and RV with large inner list and running parallel to valve margin......... Ramotha, Published as part of Savatenalinton, Sukonthip, 2022, On Cypris songkhramensis, a new species of Ostracoda (Crustacea) from Thailand, pp. 440-450 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 70 on page 448, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2022-0024, http://zenodo.org/record/7399838

Cypris songkhramensis new species (Figs. 1–5) Material examined. Holotype: Female, soft parts dissected in glycerine on a sealed slide, valves stored dry on a micropalaeontological slide (MSU-ZOC.348), Nong Chai Wan (swamp), Si Songkhram District, Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand, 17°39.309′ N 104°10.664′ E, coll. S Savatenalinton, 16 November 2021. Paratypes: two dissected females stored like the holotype (MSU-ZOC.349–350). Measurements (μm). Female. Cp (n=1): L = 1589 (spines not included), W = 1158; LV (n=2): L = 1569 – 1611 (spines not included), H = 1011 – 1032, RV (n=2): L = 1558 – 1589, H = 968 – 989. Diagnosis. Cp in dorsal view subglobose with beak-shaped anterior extremity, Cp in lateral view with strongly arched dorsal margin. LV with two anterior spines and one posterior large spine, one well-developed anterior inner list, ventral inner list with a short row of denticles situated just before mid-length. RV with a row of small pointed spines on external part of posteroventral margin and with inwardly displaced anterior selvage. A2 natatory setae long (not reaching tip of terminal claws). Second segment of Md-palp with a group of four setae close to β-seta, β-seta thin, long, set with scattered setules. Two large bristles on Mx1 third endite smooth. T2 with d1 seta about twice as long as d2 seta and remarkably short h3 seta. T3 with very long e-seta and short h3 seta. CR with long and slender claws Ga and Gp, claw Ga c. two thirds of ramus, length of claw Gp c. two thirds that of claw Ga, seta Sp very long (reaching two thirds length of claw Gp). Description of female. Carapace in dorsal view subglobose, greatest width situated at mid-length, anterior extremity strongly beak-shaped, posterior extremity narrowly rounded. LV slightly overlapping RV all free margin. Valve surface with small and shallow pits and with long rimmed-pore setae (Fig. 1E). LV in external view (Fig. 1A, C) subovate, greatest height situated just before mid-length, anterior margin widely rounded with two large spines situated on c. mid-height and lower half, posterior margin narrowly rounded with one large, straight spine situated at two thirds of height. Dorsal margin strongly arched, subtriangular, ventral margin somewhat straight. RV in external view (Fig. 1B, D) same as in LV, except for anterior and posterior margins without large spines, and posteroventral margin with a row of obvious, small, pointed spines. LV in interior view (Figs. 1F, 2A, B) with submarginal selvage, anterior calcified inner lamella wide with one welldeveloped inner list, ventral inner list with a short row of denticles situated just before mid-length, posterior calcified inner lamella narrow with strong inner list. RV in interior view (Figs. 1G, 2C, D) with inwardly displaced anterior selvage, anterior calcified inner lamella wide with two well-developed inner lists, posterior calcified inner lamella narrow with strong inner list, gap between ventral inner list and valve margin with structure complementary to LV denticles. A1 (Fig. 3A): First segment with intermediate length, dorsal seta (reaching half of next segment) and two long ventroapical setae, Wouters organ not seen. Second segment subquadrate with one long dorso-apical seta, Rome organ very small and short. Third segment bearing two setae: one long dorso-apical seta (reaching beyond tip of fifth segment), and one shorter ventro-apical seta (reaching tip of next segment). Fourth segment with two long dorsal apical setae and two ventral apical setae, one long (reaching tip of terminal segment) and one shorter (reaching slightly beyond tip of next segment). Fifth segment with two long dorsal apical setae and two ventral apical setae, one long, one shorter (shorter one reaching beyond tip of aesthetasc ya). Penultimate segment with four long apical setae. Terminal segment with three (one short, two long) apical setae and an aesthetasc ya, the latter c. 5.8 times of terminal segment, short seta less than half length of aesthetasc ya. A2 (Fig. 3B): Exopodite with three (one long, two short) setae, the long one reaching tip of first endopodal segment. First endopodal segment with five long natatory setae (not reaching tip of terminal claws) and short accompanying seta (less than half length of penultimate segment), aesthetasc Y short and slender, ventro-apical seta long (reaching tip of terminal segment). Penultimate segment undivided, medially with two (one long, one shorter) dorsal setae (short one reaching beyond tip of terminal segment and its length c. two thirds of long one) and four ventral setae of unequal length (t1–t4), t4 seta shortest (reaching tip of segment); this segment distally with three claws G1–G3 (length c. 1.5 times of that of penultimate segment), aesthetasc y2 short (c. half of length of terminal segment), z1– z3 setae long (not reaching tip of terminal claws). Terminal segment with two claws (GM and Gm), aesthetasc y3 with accompanying seta, and g seta (shorter than y3), length of Gm c. three fourths of that of GM, length of aesthetasc y3 c. two thirds of accompanying seta, the latter shorter than GM (length c. five sixths of that of GM). Md-coxa (Fig. 3C) elongated, distally set with rows of teeth (large dorsally and smaller ventrally) and small setae, and with one dorso-subapical seta, the latter short (not reaching base of teeth). Md-palp (Fig. 4A–D): First segment with two large setae (S1 and S2), one long seta and long, slender, smooth α-seta. Second segment dorsally with three unequally long subapical setae (length of shortest seta c. half of that of long ones); ventrally with a group of four long setae (Fig. 4C), one shorter seta and β-seta, the latter thin, long, set with scattered setules. Penultimate segment bearing three groups of setae: dorsally with group of four unequal, long, subapical setae; laterally with apical γ-seta and three further apical setae, the former slender and long (length c. 2.4 times of terminal segment), distally covered with long setules over c. two thirds of its length, the latter subequal in length (length of the longest seta slightly beyond tip of γ-seta); ventrally with two subapical setae, one very long (length c. 2.5 times of terminal segment), one short (not reaching tip of terminal segment). Terminal segment bearing two claws and three setae, length of terminal claws c. three times that of terminal segment. Mx1 (Fig. 3D) with two-segmented palp, three endites and large branchial plate with 20 plumose rays and six reflexed basal rays; basal segment of palp dorsally with a group of four long, unequal apical setae and one subapical seta (reaching tip of terminal claws), medially with one long apical seta (reaching beyond tip of terminal segment); terminal segment elongated (length 2.5 times of width), apically with three claws and three setae. Remark: In Fig. 3D, the third endite of the Mx1 was twisted because of the slide preparation. This affects the lateral seta which shifts to the opposite side. Also, the shape of two large bristles was unusual due to the distortion; it is thus not taken into account. T1 (Fig. 4E–G): protopodite with two a-setae (one long, one short, with long seta c. twice as long as short seta) and long b-and d-setae (both setae long and distally covered with very long setules c. two thirds of its length), c-seta absent; distally with 10 apical setae of unequal length and four subapical setae, all these 14 setae distally covered with very long setules c. two thirds of their length (Fig. 4G). Endopodite elongated, weakly built palp with three (one long, two shorter) apical setae, length of long one c. 2.3 times of shortest one. Branchial plate with six plumose rays. T2 (Fig. 5A): First segment with d1 and d2 setae, length of d1 seta c. 2 times that of d2 seta. Second segment with short e-seta (reaching mid-length of penultimate segment). Penultimate segment undivided, medially with long f-seta (reaching tip of terminal segment) and long apical g-seta (reaching tip of terminal segment). Terminal segment with two (one anterior, one posterior) apical h1 and h3 setae and serrated claw (h2), length of h1 seta c. one fourths of that of h2 claw, h3 seta remarkably short (slightly beyond tip of terminal segment). T3 (Fig. 5B): First segment with long d1, d2 and dp setae, all subequal in length. Second segment with long apical e-seta (reaching three fourths of next segment). Third segment with medium-length f-seta (reaching beyond tip of its segment). Terminal segment with pincer organ and bearing very short h1seta, claw-like h2 seta and short h3seta (length less than half that of third segment). CR (Fig. 5C) with subequal, long claws Ga and Gp, length of claw Ga c. two third of that of ramus, length of claw Gp c. two thirds of that of claw Ga, seta Sa short (length c. one fourths that of Gp), seta Sp very long (reaching two thirds length of claw Gp). CR attachment (Fig. 5D) long and slender, distally with two branches. Female genital lobe ovate, undivided and without protrusion and special features., Published as part of Savatenalinton, Sukonthip, 2022, On Cypris songkhramensis, a new species of Ostracoda (Crustacea) from Thailand, pp. 440-450 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 70 on pages 441-447, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2022-0024, http://zenodo.org/record/7399838

Savatenalinton, Sukonthip (2022): On Cypris songkhramensis, a new species of Ostracoda (Crustacea) from Thailand. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 70: 440-450, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2022-0024

Ostracoda is a diverse group of tiny crustaceans. Although more than 9330 extant species have been described, whole-mitogenomic data were available for only five species. Here we present a complete mitogenomic sequence for an additional species, the parthenogenetic podocopan ostracod Heterocypris spadix. The mitogenome is 15,205 bp long and contains the typical animal mitogenomic complement of 13 protein coding, two ribosomal RNA, and 22 transfer RNA genes. In a mitogenome-based phylogenetic tree, Myodocopa and Podocopa were each monophyletic. Gene order in Podocopa was much more similar to the pancrustacean ground pattern than was gene order in Myodocopa. Gene order was invariant in the three myodocopan species examined, all in the family Cypridinidae. Within Podocopa, two species from different families (Fabaeformiscandona kushiroensis, Candonidae; H. spadix, Cyprididae) were identical in gene order and differed from the pancrustacean ground pattern by only a single recombination. In Cyprididae, however, Cypridopsis vidua differed from H. spadix by five rearrangements. These conflicting patterns—apparent gene-order conservation within (Cypridinidae) and between families (Cyprididae and Candonidae), but marked divergence within a family (Cyprididae)—suggest that the evolution of gene order in ostracods was more complex than that expected from the cypridinid data.

Genus Martensina gen. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1BC4102E-02A9-4178-AB04-12A71EF35C1B Type species Martensina thailandica gen. et sp. nov. (here designated). Diagnosis Cp large (length ca 1.5 mm). Rome organ on A1 present, A1 7-segmented, terminal segment very elongated.A2 natatory setae well developed, A2 sexually dimorphic with setae and claws on penultimate and terminal segments modified in male. Md-palp with very elongated penultimate segment. Mx1- palp with elongated terminal segment. Prehensile palp of T 1 in males 2-segmented and asymmetrical between left and right palps, T2 basal segment with d1 and d2 setae, penultimate segment divided, h2 claw sexually dimorphic with robust apical spinules in male. T3 distinctively 4-segmented, terminal segment with three long setae, g seta absent, basal segment with d1 and dp setae (d2 seta absent). CR well developed with Sp seta situated close to Gp claw, CR attachment well-developed with two distal branches. ms and ls large with widely rounded distal margins. Zenker organ with numerous spiny whorls and funnel-shaped at both ends. Etymology The genus is named in honor of Prof. Dr Koen Martens (The Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, RBINS) for his outstanding work on taxonomy of non-marine Ostracoda. Remarks Martensina gen. nov. is chiefly characterized by the absence of marginal septa, the presence of a Rome organ, the 2-segmented prehensile palps, the presence of d1 and d2 setae on the T2, the sexually dimorphic T2, the distinctive T3 terminal segment bearing three long setae, the well-developed CR on which the claw-like Sp seta inserts close to the Gp claw, the internal reticulated structure of the hemipenis and the funnel-shaped ends and numerous spiny whorls of the Zenker organ. The combination of these features has not yet been reported in any other genus of the Cyprididae. Species included Martensina thailandica gen. et sp. nov. (monospecific genus). Distribution Thailand (present study)., Published as part of Savatenalinton, Sukonthip, 2022, Martensina thailandica gen. et sp. nov. a freshwater ostracod representing a new subfamily of Cyprididae, Martensininae subfam. nov. (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from Thailand, pp. 1-22 in European Journal of Taxonomy 836 (1) on pages 3-4, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.836.1911, http://zenodo.org/record/7033381

Subfamily Martensininae subfam. nov. Type genus Martensina gen. nov. (here designated). Diagnosis Largely as for the genus. For differential diagnosis: see discussion. Genera included Martensina (monogeneric subfamily)., Published as part of Savatenalinton, Sukonthip, 2022, Martensina thailandica gen. et sp. nov. a freshwater ostracod representing a new subfamily of Cyprididae, Martensininae subfam. nov. (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from Thailand, pp. 1-22 in European Journal of Taxonomy 836 (1) on page 3, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.836.1911, http://zenodo.org/record/7033381

Martensina thailandica gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 891B468F-543D-4355-9D98-B5D8D4C37C4C Figs 1–8 Diagnosis Cp large (ca 1.5 mm length), Cp in lateral view rounded with greatest height situated at mid-length, anterior and posterior margins strongly curved to dorsal margin, Cp in dorsal view narrow with greatest width ca mid-length. A1 7-segmented, terminal segment very elongated, aesthetasc ya extraordinary long (reaching tip of long seta), Rome organ present, Wouters organ not seen. A2 natatory setae long, terminal segment markedly long (length ca five times of width), male A2 with markedly short Gm claw. Md-palp with elongated penultimate segment, terminal segment with two claws and one seta, α- and β-setae short and slim. Terminal segment of Mx1-palp elongated with one large claw and four slender setae, two large bristles on 3 rd endite smooth. Prehensile palps 2-segmented, right palp with large, subtriangular terminal segment, terminal segment of left palp strongly hook-like and with pointed projection on outer margin. T2 basal segment with d1 and d2 setae, d1 seta very long (ca two times as long as d2 seta), penultimate segment divided, h2 claw with robust apical spinules in male. T3 terminal segment distinctly separated with three long setae, d1 and dp setae present (d2 seta absent). CR well developed with short Sa seta, Sp seta short and claw-like situated close to Gp claw. Hp with large ms and ls, distal margins widely rounded, and with reticulated structure on outer part of main lobe. Zenker organ with 23 spiny whorls and funnel-shaped at both ends. Differential diagnosis As Martensina gen. nov. is presently monospecific, the differential diagnosis is the same for the genus. Etymology The species is named after Thailand, where the new species was discovered. Type material Holotype THAILAND – Maha Sarakham Province  ♂ (soft parts dissected in glycerine on a sealed glass slide and valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide); Nong Bua (swamp), Kantharawichai District; 16.320841º N, 103.296405º E; 22 Oct. 2021; MSU-ZOC.317. Allotype THAILAND – Maha Sarakham Province  ♀ (stored as the holotype); same collection data as for holotype; MSU-ZOC.318. Paratypes THAILAND – Maha Sarakham Province  5 ♂♂ (stored as the holotype), 4 ♂♂ (carapaces stored dry in micropalaeontological slides); same collection data as for holotype; MSU-ZOC.319 to ZOC.327 • 5 ♀♀ (stored as the holotype), 3 ♀♀ (carapaces stored dry in micropalaeontological slides); same collection data as for holotype; MSU-ZOC.328 to ZOC.335. Type locality A total of 28 female and 20 male specimens were collected at the type locality on 22 Oct. 2021. Accompanying ostracod fauna: Bradleystrandesia weberi (Moniez, 1892), Cypretta aculeata Savatenalinton, 2018, Dentocypria mesquitai Savatenalinton, 2017, Dentocypria chantaranothaii Savatenalinton, 2017, Fabaeformiscandona subacuta (Yang, 1982), Pseudocypretta maculata Klie, 1932, Pseudostrandesia mamarilorum (Victor & Fernando, 1981), Pseudostrandesia striatoreticulata (Klie, 1932), Pseudostrandesia cf. calapanensis, Stenocypris sp., Strandesia kraepelini (Müller, 1906), Thaicypridopsis longispinosa Savatenalinton, 2018, Vestalenula sp. Repository The type specimens are deposited in the ostracod collection in the Faculty of Science, MSU (Maha Sarakham, Thailand). Description Male MEASUREMENTS (in μm). Male. Cp (n = 5), L = 1335–1413, H = 787–813, W = 523; LV (n = 1), L = 1387, H = 845; RV (n = 1), L = 1394, H = 839. CP. In dorsal view (Fig. 1A) elongated, greatest width situated at mid length, RV slightly overlapping LV anteriorly, anterior extremity slightly compressed, posterior extremity narrowly rounded, hinge adont. Cp in ventral view (Fig. 1B): LV overlapping RV ventrally. Cp in lateral view (Fig. 1C–D) subglobular (length ca 1.4 mm), greatest height situated at mid length, dorsal margin strongly arched, ventral margin sinuated at mid length, anterior and posterior margins widely rounded. Valve surface (Fig. 1E) scattered with shallow pits and rimmed-pore setae. No pigmentation on valve surface. LV. In internal view (Fig. 2A, C–D) with both valve margins rounded, slightly wider rounded posteriorly, dorsal margin strongly arched, ventral margin sinuate in front of mid length, marginal selvage anteriorly and posteriorly, anterior calcified inner lamella wide without inner list, posterior calcified inner lamella narrow without inner list. Muscle scars comprising two mandibular muscle scars and a group of adductor muscle scars. The latter group not tightly arranged. RV. In internal view (Fig. 2B, E–F) with both valve margins rounded, slightly wider rounded posteriorly, dorsal margin strongly arched, ventral margin sinuate, submarginal selvage anteriorly, marginal pore canals present anteriorly, calcified inner lamella wide anteriorly, narrow posteriorly, without anterior and posterior inner lists. A1 (Fig. 4A). Seven-segmented, first segment with one long dorso-subapical seta (reaching tip of next segment), two long ventro-apical setae, Wouters organ not seen. Second segment ca 1.5 times as wide as long, with one very short dorso-apical seta (ca ¼ of next segment) and small Rome organ. Third segment bearing two setae: one short dorso-apical (reaching mid-length of next segment) and one short ventroapical setae (reaching mid-length of next segment). Fourth segment with two long dorsal setae and two shorter ventral setae (shortest one reaching beyond mid-length of next segment). Fifth segment dorsally with two long setae, ventrally with two (one long, one shorter) setae, shorter one reaching beyond tip of next segment. Penultimate segment with four long apical setae. Terminal segment with three (two long, one short) apical setae and remarkably long aesthetasc ya, short seta ca half as long as long seta, length of aesthetasc ya almost same as that of long seta). A2 (Fig. 4B). Basal segment with two proximal setae and one long ventro-apical seta. Exopodite with three (one longer, two short) setae, longer one not reaching half of first endopodal segment. First endopodal segment with five long natatory setae (reaching tips of terminal claws) and one short accompanying seta (length ca ¼ that of penultimate segment), aesthetasc Y short and thin, situated at ca ⅓ of its segment length, ventro-apical seta long, extending far beyond tip of penultimate segment. Penultimate segment undivided, distally with claw-like z1 and z2 setae (almost same length), z3 seta long, reduced claw G1 and G2 and with claw G3 considerably reduced to thin setae, claw G1 and G2 with stronger teeth than other claws, aesthetasc y2 long (almost reaching mid-length of terminal segment); this segment medially with two subequally short dorsal setae, four ventral setae of unequal length (t1–4) and small y1. Terminal segment markedly elongated, distally with two serrated claws (GM and Gm), claw Gm considerably reduced (length of Gm ca half of that of GM), markedly long aesthetasc y3 (almost reaching tip of claw GM) and accompanying seta (reaching mid-length of aesthetasc y3), g-seta not seen. MD- COXA (Fig. 5A). Elongated, distally with rows of teeth and small setae, and with one long, slender dorso-subapical seta. MD- PALP (Fig. 5B –B’). First segment with two setae (S1 and S2), one long and slender seta, and α-seta, the latter smooth and very short. Second segment dorsally with three unequal long apical setae, shortest seta reaching mid-length of next segment; ventrally with group of three long setae, one shorter seta and smooth, short and thin β-seta. Penultimate segment bearing three groups of setae: dorsally with group of four unequal, long, subapical setae; laterally with thin, long apical γ-seta (ca 2 times as long as terminal segment) and three further apical setae subequal in length (ca 1.7 times as long as terminal segment); ventrally with two subapical setae, one long (length ca two times that of terminal segment), one short (reaching slightly tip its segment). Terminal segment bearing two large claws and one seta, length of terminal claws ca 2.2 times that of terminal segment. All setae on Md-palp set with tiny setules. RAKE- LIKE ORGAN. Stout, T-shape with eight blunt teeth. MX 1 (Fig. 5C). With two-segmented palp, basal segment of palp dorsally with group of four long, unequal apical setae; terminal segment elongated, apically with one claw and four setae. Two large bristles (Zahnborsten) on third endite smooth. Two sideways-directed bristles on first endite long, subequal in length. Respiratory plate large, semicircular shape comprising six reflexed setae on anterior margin and a number of long, setulous setae along posterior and ventral margins. T1 (Fig. 6A–C). Protopodite with two a-setae, subequal in length and long b-and short d-setae, c-seta absent; distally with nine hirsute apical setae of unequal length and five subapical setae. Endopodite large and very elongated, 2-segmented, forming asymmetrical prehensile palps, right palp (Fig. 6A) with one subapical spine and apical protrusion on basal segment, terminal segment subtriangular; left palp (Fig. 6B) with one subapical spine and blunt-tip apical protrusion on basal segment, terminal segment strongly hook-like with small pointed projection on outer margin of hook corner. Respiratory plate with six hirsute setae. T2 (Fig. 6E). On first segment with d1 and d2 setae long, subequal in length. Second segment with long e-seta (reaching beyond mid-length of penultimate segment). Penultimate segment divided, medially with f-seta (reaching beyond tip of terminal segment), distally with apical short g-seta and one very short accompanying seta (length ca ⅓ that of g-seta). Terminal segment with two (one dorsally, one ventrally) short apical h1 and h3 setae and serrated claw (h2), distal part of h2 with strong spine-like setules. T3 (Fig. 7A). First segment with d1 and dp setae subequal in length (d2 seta absent). Second segment with long apical e-seta (reaching tip of next segment). Third segment with f-seta (almost reaching tip of segment), g-seta absent. Terminal segment without pincer organ and bearing three long setae (h1–h3 setae), all subequal in length. CR (Fig. 7C). Symmetrical with well-developed claws and setae, claw Ga long (length ca half of that of ramus), claw Ga long (ca half length of ramus), claw Gp short (ca half length of claw Ga), Sa seta very short (ca ¼ of claw Gp), Sp seta short and robust (claw-like) (reaching tip of ramus). CR attachment (Fig. 7B) thin with two branches distally. HP (Fig. 7D). With ms and ls large, widely rounded distal margins (lateral shield wider), without protrusion and with strong muscles; proximal part of ms with reticulated structure on outer margin; postlabyrinthal spermiduct curved, copulatory process with pointed tip. Zenker organ (Fig. 7E) elongated and set with 23 spiny whorls, proximal and distal ends funnel shaped. Female MEASUREMENTS (in μm). Cp (n = 4), L = 1374–1497, H = 871–903, W = 613; LV (n = 1), L = 1510, H = 890; RV (n = 1), L = 1542, H = 923. Carapace and valves as in male, although somewhat bigger (length ca 1.5 mm) (Figs 1F–I, 2G–H, 3). All limbs as in male, except for last two segments of A2, T1, and T2. Penultimate segment of A2 (Fig. 4C) with two large, serrated claws G1 and G3, claw G2 shorter and slenderer than claws G1 and G3, z1– z3 long, z1 and z3 subequal in length (almost reaching tip of claw G3). Terminal segment with large, serrated claws GM and Gm (length of claw Gm ca 5/6 that of claw GM), aesthetasc y3 markedly long (reaching slightly beyond tip of claw Gm), and accompanying seta (reaching mid-length of aesthetasc y3), g-seta not seen. T1-endopodites (Fig. 6D) elongated, weakly built palp with three (one long, two shorter) apical setae, long one ca two times as long as short one. T2 (Fig. 8A) same as in male, except for distal part of claw h2 being serrated, without strong spine-like setules. T3 (Fig. 8B) same as in male, except for tips of e and f setae being more pointed. CR (Fig. 8C) same as in male, except for slightly shorter ramus. Genital lobe rounded, without any extension. Ecology The new taxon was collected from the sediment surface in the littoral zone of the swamp, close to the village. The sampling site was densely covered by a number of aquatic plants, particularly lotus. The sediment was largely composed of organic matter, especially dead plant material., Published as part of Savatenalinton, Sukonthip, 2022, Martensina thailandica gen. et sp. nov. a freshwater ostracod representing a new subfamily of Cyprididae, Martensininae subfam. nov. (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from Thailand, pp. 1-22 in European Journal of Taxonomy 836 (1) on pages 4-15, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.836.1911, http://zenodo.org/record/7033381, {"references":["Savatenalinton S. 2018. Two new species of Cypretta Vavra, 1895 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Thailand and a discussion of the genus. Zootaxa 4532 (4): 483 - 502. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4532.4.2","Savatenalinton S. 2017. A new genus and four new species of subfamily Cyclocypridinae (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Thailand. Zootaxa 4243 (2): 329 - 365. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4243.2.4"]}

Damonella grandiensis Tomé et al., 2014 Fig. 3P–R 1992 Mantelliana (?) sp.—Colin et al., p. 368, plate 3, fig. 1. 1999 Ostracode 207—Neumann, p. 93, figs. 2–4. 2002 Ostracode 207— Coimbra et al., p 691, plate IV, fig. 31. 2006 Candona sp —Ramos et al., p. 344, fig. 4. 2010 Damonella sp. — Tomé & Lima Filho, p. 63, plate. 2 (a–c). 2013 Candona ? sp.—Do Carmo et al., p. 95 and 103, fig. 5, nº.12–14. 2014 Damonella grandiensis —Tomé et al., p. 163, fig.10 A–D. Non 2014 Damonella grandiensis —Tome et al., p. 163, fig. 10 (D–F) and 167, fig. 10 (G–M). Non 2015 Damonella aff. grandiensis —Trabelsi et al., p. 10, fig. 5D, 1–3. 2017 Damonella grandiensis —Souza et al., p. 9, fig. 1, G–I. Non 2021 Damonella grandiensis —Araripe et al., p. 6, fig. 5 (M–P). 2022 Damonella grandiensis —Araripe et al., p. 7, fig. 5 (10a–b). Illustrated material. Adult shell, Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1513. Illustrated material from the Santo Antonio section (2.65 m). Dimension. Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1513 (Fig. 3 P–R); L= (LV) 0.576 / (RV) 0.611 mm, H= 0.325 mm, and W= 0.245 mm. Comparison. Material compared to D. grandiensis (Nº DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1157 and Nº-DGEO-CTG-UFPE- 1158) described and deposited by Tomé et al. (2014) in the Ivan de Medeiros Tinoco Microfossils Collection. The comparison was satisfactory, with the exception of the specimen Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1157, since they presented identical outlines and posterodorsal and ventral overlapping. Occurrence and associated fauna. It was recorded in the Santo Antonio section, in all depths and associated with all species. It is the only species that occurs associated with the nannofossils Thoracosphaera sp. and Biscutum sp. (Araripe at al. 2022). Observations. Tomé et al. (2014) emphasize the sexual dimorphism of this species and describe the male form, however in the present study these forms are described as distinct species, mainly due to the different outlines, since both specimens are smooth. Stratigraphic distribution. In Africa, it has been commonly recorded in the d’Hama-Koussou Basin, Lower Cretaceous (Aptian) (Colin et al. 1992). In Brazil, it has been recorded in the Araripe Basin, Crato Formation (Neumann 1999), Aptian; Grajaú Basin, Codó Formation, lower Aptian (Ramos et al. 2006); Cedro Basin, Crato Formation, upper Aptian (Tomé 2007; Tome & Lima Filho 2010); Potiguar Basin, Alagamar Formation, Aptian (Do Carmo et al. 2013). In the Sergipe / Alagoas Basin, Krommelbein & Weber (1971) observed the occurrence of this species and called it Ostracode 207 (Nº SMF Xe-22592), which is stored in slide PIA-3-AL (obtained from a depth of 900 to 930 m) in Frankfurt (Tomé et al. 2014). Additionally found in the Jatobá Basin, Serra Negra Formation, in the strata correlated to the Crato Formation, upper Aptian (Tomé et al. 2014), and this study in the Araripe Basin, Romualdo Formation, upper Aptian and lower Albian., Published as part of Tomé, Maria Emilia, Araripe, Rilda, Oliveira, David, Barreto, Alcina, Prado, Ludmila, Pedrosa, Flavia, Pereira, Priscilla, Nascimento, Luiz Ricardo & Ng, Christiano, 2022, Early Cretaceous Ostracoda (Crustacea) from south-centralAraripe Basin, Brazil with descriptions of seven new species, pp. 535-557 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on pages 542-543, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6786092, {"references":["Tome, M. E. T. R., Lima Filho, M. F. & Neumann, V. H. M. L. (2014) Taxonomic studies of non-marine ostracods in the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-lower Albian) of post-rift sequence from Jatoba and Araripe basins (Northeast Brazil): Stratigraphic implications. Cretaceous Research, 48, 153 - 176. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2013.12.007","Colin, J. P., Brunet, M., Congleton, J. D., Dejax, J., Flynn, L. J., Hell, J. & Jacobs, L. (1992) Ostracodes lacustre des bassins d'age Cretace Inferieur du Nord Cameroun: Hama-Koussou, Koum et Babouri-figuil. Revue de Paleobiologie, 11 (2), 357 - 372.","Ramos, M. I. F., Rossetti, D. D. F. & Paz, J. S. (2006) Caracterizacao e significado paleoambiental da fauna de ostracodes da Formacao Codo (Neoaptiano), leste da Bacia de Grajau, MA, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia, 9, 339 - 348. https: // doi. org / 10.4072 / rbp. 2006.3.09","Tome, M. E. T. R. & Lima Filho, M. F. (2010) Ostracodes da Bacia de Cedro, Andar Alagoas, Estado de Pernambuco, NE, Brasil: Implicacoes paleoambientais e bioestratigraficas. Estudos Geologicos, 21, 56 - 70.","Do Carmo, D. A., Coimbra, J. C., Whatley, R. C., Antonietto, L. S. & Citon, R. T. P. (2013) Taxonomy of limnic Ostracoda (Crustacea) from the Alagamar Formation, middle-upper Aptian, Potiguar Basin, Northeastern Brazil. Journal of Paleontology, 87, 91 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 11 - 108 R. 1","Krommelbein, K. & Weber, R. (1971) Ostracoden des \" Nordost-Brasilianischen Wealden \". Geologisches Jahrbuch, 115, 1 - 93."]}

Pattersoncypris salitrensis (Krömmelbein & Weber, 1971) Fig. 3A–C 1971 Hourcqia angulata salitrensis —Krommelbein & Weber, p. 22 and 50, plate 6. 1972 Pattersoncypris angulata salitrensis —Bate, p. 389, text-fig. 11 (c, d, f). 2006 Harbinia salitrensis —Ramos et al., p. 344, fig. 4Q, non 4R, 4S and 4T. 2008 Harbinia salitrensis —Do Carmo et al., p. 795, fig.6, nº 8. 2012 Harbinia salitrensis —Antonietto et al., p. 662, fig.4, nº 1-10. 2012a Pattersoncypris salitrensis —Poropat and Colin, p.708, fig. 4, nº 3. 2014 Pattersoncypris salitrensis —Tomé et al., p.167, fig. 10 Q–S and 14A, C. 2021 Pattersoncypris salitrensis — Araripe et al., p. 6, fig.5 (A–C). 2022 Pattersoncypris salitrensis —Araripe et al., p. 7, Fig. 5 (13a–b) Illustrated material. Adult shell, Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1505 (Fig. 3A and B) and Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1506 (Fig. 3C). Illustrated material from the Santo Antônio section sample at 2.65 and 3.55 m respectively. Dimension. Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1505 (Fig. 3A and B); L= (LV) 1.045 / (RV) 1.373 mm, H= 0.69 mm, and W= 0.744 mm and Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1506 (Fig. 3C); L= (LV) 1.045 / (RV) 1.373 mm. Comparison. Material compared to Pattersoncypris salitrensis (Nº DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1971 and Nº DGEO- CTG-UFPE-1166), described and deposited by Tomé et al. (2014) in the Ivan de Medeiros Tinoco Microfossils Collection of the Paleontology Laboratory of the Federal University of Pernambuco. Occurrence and associated fauna. It was recorded in the Santo Antonio section, at the following depths (from base to top): 0.3; 1.8; 2.1; 2.25; 2.65; 3.4; 3.65; 3.85; 4.05 and 4.25 m. P. salitrensis is associated with all species of ostracods, except Dicrorygma (Orthorygma ?) dimorpha Weiss and Theriosynoecum cf. quadrinodosum Krömmelbein & Weber. Observations. The specimens recovered were compared to the illustrations of Pattersoncypris cretapa Krömmelbein & Weber, published in Do Carmo et al. (2008). Some similarities were seen, but a comparison between both specimens is necessary for a future synonymy of these species. The Santo Antônio site is one of the few sections that marks the boundary between the Aptian and lower Albian in the Romualdo Formation. It is worth mentioning that this species was not recorded in the lower Albian at this locality (Araripe et al. 2022). Stratigraphic distribution. In Brazil, distributed in the Araripe Basin, Santana Group (above the layers with fish occurrence), Aptian (Krommelbein & Weber 1971; Bate 1999; Poropat & Colin 2012a) and Romualdo Formation, lower Albian (Tomé et al. 2014; Araripe et al. 2021); Grajaú Basin, Codó Formation, upper Aptian (Ramos et al. 2006); Potiguar Basin, Alagamar Formation, Aptian (Do Carmo et al. 2008). In the present study, found in the Araripe Basin, Romualdo Formation, upper Aptian., Published as part of Tomé, Maria Emilia, Araripe, Rilda, Oliveira, David, Barreto, Alcina, Prado, Ludmila, Pedrosa, Flavia, Pereira, Priscilla, Nascimento, Luiz Ricardo & Ng, Christiano, 2022, Early Cretaceous Ostracoda (Crustacea) from south-centralAraripe Basin, Brazil with descriptions of seven new species, pp. 535-557 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on pages 538-539, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6786092, {"references":["Krommelbein, K. & Weber, R. (1971) Ostracoden des \" Nordost-Brasilianischen Wealden \". Geologisches Jahrbuch, 115, 1 - 93.","Tome, M. E. T. R., Lima Filho, M. F. & Neumann, V. H. M. L. (2014) Taxonomic studies of non-marine ostracods in the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-lower Albian) of post-rift sequence from Jatoba and Araripe basins (Northeast Brazil): Stratigraphic implications. Cretaceous Research, 48, 153 - 176. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2013.12.007","Do Carmo, D. A., Whatley, R., Queiroz Neto, J. V. Q. & Coimbra, J. C. (2008) On the validity of two Lower Cretaceous non-marine ostracode genera: biostratigraphic and paleogeographic implications. Journal of Paleontology, 82, 790 - 799. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 07 - 008.1","Araripe, R., Pedrosa Lemos, F. A., do Prado, L. A. C., Tome, M. E. T. R., Oliveira, D. H. D., Pereira, P. A., Nascimento, L. R. S. L., Asakura, Y., Ng, C., Viviers, M. C. & Barreto, A. F. (2022) Upper Aptian - lower Albian of the southern-central Araripe Basin, Brazil: Microbiostratigraphic and paleoecological inferences. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 116, 103814. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jsames. 2022.103814","Bate, R. H. (1999) Non-marine ostracod assemblages of the Pre-Salt rift basins of West Africa and their role in sequence stratigraphy. In: Cameron, N. R., Bate, R. H. & Clure, V. S. (Eds.), The Oil and Gas Habitats of the South Atlantic. Geological Society of London Special Publication, 153, pp. 283 - 292. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / GSL. SP. 1999.153.01.17","Poropat, S. F. & Colin, J. P. (2012 a) Early Cretaceous ostracod biostratigraphy of eastern Brazil and western Africa: An overview. Gondwana Research, 22, 772 - 798. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. gr. 2012.06.002","Araripe, R., Oliveira, D., Tome, M. E., Mello, R. M. & Barreto, A. M. F. (2021) Foraminifera and Ostracoda from the lower Cretaceous (Aptian - lower Albian) Romualdo formation, Araripe Basin, northeast Brazil: Paleoenvironmental inferences. Cretaceous Research, 122, 104766. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2021.104766","Ramos, M. I. F., Rossetti, D. D. F. & Paz, J. S. (2006) Caracterizacao e significado paleoambiental da fauna de ostracodes da Formacao Codo (Neoaptiano), leste da Bacia de Grajau, MA, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia, 9, 339 - 348. https: // doi. org / 10.4072 / rbp. 2006.3.09"]}

Genus Mongolianella Mandelstam, in Galeeva, 1955 Type species: Mongolianella palmosa Mandelstam, 1956 Observations. This genus is widely distributed in the basins of India (Khosla & Sahni 2000; Whatley & Bajpai, 2000a, b and c; Bajpai & Whatley 2001; Whatley et al. 2003a, b and c; Khosla & Nagori 2005; Khosla et al. 2009a and Khosla et al. 2011). Khosla et al. (2009a) transferred this genus to Stenocypris Sars, (1889). In the present study, the species found was treated as belonging to the genus Mongolianella, but we emphasize the need for a comparative study with the forms described by Khosla et al. (2011)., Published as part of Tomé, Maria Emilia, Araripe, Rilda, Oliveira, David, Barreto, Alcina, Prado, Ludmila, Pedrosa, Flavia, Pereira, Priscilla, Nascimento, Luiz Ricardo & Ng, Christiano, 2022, Early Cretaceous Ostracoda (Crustacea) from south-centralAraripe Basin, Brazil with descriptions of seven new species, pp. 535-557 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on page 540, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6786092, {"references":["Galeeva, L. I. (1955) Ostracoda from the Cretaceous deposits of the Peoples Republic of Mongolia: Moscow. Geologo-Razved Neft Institute, 1955, 94.","Mandelstam, M. I. (1956) Material on Palaeontology. New families and genera: Ostracoda. Trudy VSEGEI, New Series, Palaeontology, 12, 87 - 144 + 306 - 323.","Khosla, A. & Sahni, A. (2000) Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) ostracodes from the Lameta Formation, Jabalpur Cantonment area, Madhya Pradesh, India. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India, 45, 57 - 78.","Whatley, R. & Bajpai, S. (2000 a) A new fauna of Late Cretaceous non-marine Ostracoda from the Deccan intertrappean beds of Lakshmipur, Kachchh (Kutch) District, Gujarat, Western India. Revista Espanola de Micropaleontologia, 32, 385 - 409.","Bajpai, S. & Whatley, R. C. (2001) Late Cretaceous non- marine ostracods from the Deccan Intertrappean beds, Kora (Western Kachchh, India). Revista EspanTola de Micropalaeontologiia, 33, 91 - 111.","Whatley, R., Bajpai, S. & Whittaker, J. E. (2003 a) Freshwater Ostracoda from the Upper Cretaceous intertrappean beds at Mamoni (Kota District), southeastern Rajasthan, India. Revista Espanola de Micropaleontologia, 35 (1), 75 - 86.","Khosla, S. C. & Nagori, M. L. (2005) A restudy of ostracode fauna from the Inter-trappean beds of Anjar, Kachchh District, Gujarat. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 66 (5), 573 - 580.","Khosla, S. C., Nagori, M. L., Jakhar, S. R. & Rathore, A. S. (2009 a) Mixed marine, brackish water and non-marine microfaunal association in the Inter-trappean beds (Early Palaeocene) of Jhilmili, Chhindwara District, Madhya Pradesh. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 73 (5), 724 - 732. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12594 - 009 - 0056 - 2","Khosla, S. C., Nagori, M. L., Jakhar, S. R. & Rathore, A. S. (2011) Early Danian lacustrine - brackish water Ostracoda from the Deccan Intertrappean beds near Jhilmili, Chhindwara District, Madhya Pradesh, India. Micropaleontology, 57 (3), 223 - 245. https: // doi. org / 10.47894 / mpal. 57.3.02"]}

Pattersoncypris angulata (Krömmelbein & Weber, 1971) Fig. 3D–F 1966 Paraschuleridea sp. 5 —Braun, p. 66–67, fig. 1, 2a–b. 1971 Hourcqia angulata angulata —Krömmelbein & Weber, p. 20, plate 6, fig. 23a–c. 1989 Hourcqia angulata angulata —Viana et al., p. 216, fig. 2a–c. 1990 Hourcqia angulata angulata —Silva Telles Jr. & Viana, plate 3, fig. 3. 1990 Hourcqia angulata angulata —Dépêche et al., plate 3, figs.17–18. 2002 Pattersoncypris angulata angulata — Coimbra et al., p. 691, fig. 4, nº 29. 2006 Harbinia angulata —Ramos et al., p. 344, fig. 4E–H. 2008 Harbinia angulata —Do Carmo et al., p. 795, fig. 6, nº 11. 2010 Pattersoncypris angulata — Tomé & Lima Filho, p. 62, plate. 1 (d–f). 2012a Kroemmelbeincypris angulata —Poropat & Colin, p. 708, fig. 4, nº 4 and 5. 2022 Pattersoncypris angulata —Araripe et al., p. 7, fig. 5 (14a–b). Illustrated material. Adult shell, Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1507. Illustrated material from the Santo Antônio section (2.65 m). Dimension. Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1507 (Fig. 3D–F); L= (LV) 0.917/ (RV) 1.197 mm, H= 0.571 mm, and W= 0.729 mm. Comparison. Material compared to Pattersoncypris angulata (Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1963), described and deposited by Tomé et al. (2014) in the Ivan de Medeiros Tinoco Microfossils Collection from Paleontology Laboratory of the Federal University of Pernambuco. The comparison was satisfactory, due to the posterodorsal angle being well marked, however, the species found in the collection is smooth with no surface ornamentation. Occurrence and associated fauna. It was recorded in the Santo Antonio section, at the following depths (from base to top): 1.8; 2.1; 2.25; 3.1; 3.4; 3.85; 5.25 and 5.35 m. P. salitrensis is associated with all species of ostracods, except Dicrorygma (Orthorygma ?) dimorpha. Observations. Among the forms belonging to the genus Pattersoncypris found in the interval corresponding to the Aptian-Albian, in the Romualdo Formation, Pattersoncypris angulata presents a well-marked angle at the posterodorsal end, which helps its identification. This species can be smooth or with a tessellated ornamentation on the surface. Stratigraphic distribution. Brazil, Araripe Basin, Santana Formation, Romualdo Member (Silva Telles Jr. & Viana, 1990; Poropat & Colin, 2012b), range dated as Aptian (Regali 1990; Coimbra et al. 2002). Potiguar Basin, Alagamar Formation, Aptian (Do Carmo et al. 2008). Cedro Basin, Crato Formation, range dated as Aptian (Tomé 2007; Tomé & Lima Filho 2010). Jatobá Basin, Serra Negra, in strata correlated to the Crato Formation, upper Aptian (Tomé et al. 2014). In the present study, found in the Araripe Basin, Romualdo Formation, upper Aptian., Published as part of Tomé, Maria Emilia, Araripe, Rilda, Oliveira, David, Barreto, Alcina, Prado, Ludmila, Pedrosa, Flavia, Pereira, Priscilla, Nascimento, Luiz Ricardo & Ng, Christiano, 2022, Early Cretaceous Ostracoda (Crustacea) from south-centralAraripe Basin, Brazil with descriptions of seven new species, pp. 535-557 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on page 539, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6786092, {"references":["Krommelbein, K. & Weber, R. (1971) Ostracoden des \" Nordost-Brasilianischen Wealden \". Geologisches Jahrbuch, 115, 1 - 93.","Tome, M. E. T. R., Lima Filho, M. F. & Neumann, V. H. M. L. (2014) Taxonomic studies of non-marine ostracods in the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-lower Albian) of post-rift sequence from Jatoba and Araripe basins (Northeast Brazil): Stratigraphic implications. Cretaceous Research, 48, 153 - 176. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2013.12.007","Poropat, S. F. & Colin, J. P. (2012 b) Reassessment of the Early Cretaceous non-marine ostracod genera Hourcqia Krommelbein, 1965 and Pattersoncypris Bate, 1972 with the description of a new genus, Kroemmelbeincypris. Journal of Paleontology, 86, 699 - 719. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 11 - 140 R. 1","Regali, M. S. P. (1990) Biocronoestratigrafia e paleoambiente do Eocretaceo das bacias do Araripe (CE) e Rio do Peixe (PB), NE, Brasil. Simposio sobre a Bacia do Araripe e Bacias Interiores do Nordeste, 1, 163 - 171.","Coimbra, J. C., Arai, M. & Carreno, A. L. (2002) Biostratigraphy of Lower Cretaceous microfossils from the Araripe Basin, northeastern Brazil. Geobios, 35, 687 - 698. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0016 - 6995 (02) 00082 - 7","Do Carmo, D. A., Whatley, R., Queiroz Neto, J. V. Q. & Coimbra, J. C. (2008) On the validity of two Lower Cretaceous non-marine ostracode genera: biostratigraphic and paleogeographic implications. Journal of Paleontology, 82, 790 - 799. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 07 - 008.1","Tome, M. E. T. R. & Lima Filho, M. F. (2010) Ostracodes da Bacia de Cedro, Andar Alagoas, Estado de Pernambuco, NE, Brasil: Implicacoes paleoambientais e bioestratigraficas. Estudos Geologicos, 21, 56 - 70."]}

Mongolianella aptianensis sp. nov. Fig. 3J–O 2021 Damonella grandiensis — Araripe et al., p. 6, fig. 5 (M–P). 2022 Mongolianella sp. —Araripe et al., p. 7, fig. 5 (7a–b). Etymology: Aptian (lat.) derived from the range where this species was found. Holotype: Adult carapace, Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1511 (Fig. 3J–L). Paratype: Juvenile carapace, Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1512 (Fig. 3M–O). Type locality: Brazil, State of Pernambuco, Municipality of Exu, Santo Antônio section. Coordinates 7° 30’ 06” S and 39° 32’ 36” W. Type-horizon: Santo Antônio section, Araripe Basin. Shale (F1) corresponding to Romualdo Formation, depth 3.00m, dated as upper Aptian. Dimension. Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1511 (Fig. 3J–L); L= (LV) 0.901 / (RV) 0.979mm, H= 0.397mm, and W= 0.307mm. Diagnosis: Large, smooth carapace with an outline that makes a sharp angle at the posteroventral margin. Description. Carapace slightly concave in the central-ventral margin. Dorsal margin angular in the antero and posterodorsal portions in adults, while in juveniles the anterior angular portion promotes a strong fall to the anterior margin. In juveniles the posterodorsal cardinal angle is lower. Anterior margin rounded in both stages, unlike the posterior margin in adults, which is more rectangular, and in juveniles it is triangular. Maximum length at the ventral region. Maximum height at anterodorsal region, coinciding with the location of the cardinal angle. LV larger than RV with evident overlap along the central ventral margin, in juvenile specimens there is overlap along the dorsal margin, making the cardinal angle more prominent. In dorsal view, the greatest width is at the posterior margin, but narrower in the juvenile form. Smooth outer surface. Observations. A very large and elongated species compared to the others of the genus. This species stands out for its size. First, it was considered that this species is of the marine genus Krithe Brady, Crosskey & Robertson, 1867, but this genus is typical of deep waters, and so this idea was discarded. Detailed comparisons were also made with the species of Damonella described and deposited by Tome et al. (2014) and Araripe et al. (2021) in the Ivan de Medeiros Tinoco Microfossils Collection. The studied form is very large when compared to Damonella grandiensis Tomé et al., 2014 and Damonella ultima Tomé et al., 2014. When compared, it presents the same characteristics of the species found by Araripe et al. (2021). It is worth noting that they are totally smooth specimens with a difficult level of identification, since they do not have ornamentation to use for comparisons. In the present study, we chose to call holotype Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1511 as an adult form and the paratype Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1512 as a young form, however further studies with a larger population would be necessary to recognise the male carapace and others ontogenetic stages. Occurrence and associated fauna. It was recorded in the Santo Antônio section, at the following depths (from base to top): 1.8; 2.1; 2.25; 3.1; 3.4; 3.45; 3.55; 3.65; 3.85 and 4.05 m. Mongolianella aptianensis sp. nov. does not occur in association with Dicrorygma (Orthorygma ?) dimorpha. Stratigraphic distribution. Brazil, Araripe Basin, Romualdo Formation, upper Aptian.

Mantelliana speculum sp. nov. Fig. 4A–C 2022 Mantelliana sp. —Araripe et al., p. 7, fig. 5 (9a–b). Etymology: Speculum (lat.) due to the symmetry between the front and back ends that are reflected like a mirror. Holotype: Adult shell, Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1514 (Fig. 4A), Illustrated material from the Santo Antônio section 0.3 m. Paratypes: Adult shell, Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1515 (Fig. 4B) and Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1516 (Fig. 4C), Illustrated material from the Santo Antônio section 3.1 and 2.65 m respectively. Type locality: Brazil, State of Pernambuco, Municipality of Exu, Santo Antônio section. Coordinates 7° 30’ 06” S and 39° 32’ 36” W. Type-horizon: Santo Antônio section, Araripe Basin. Calcarenite (F-Sl) corresponding to the Romualdo Formation, depth 0.30 m, dated as upper Aptian. Dimension. Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1514 (Fig. 4B); L= (LV) 0.870 / (RV) 0.976 mm, H= 0.623 and W= 0.443 mm. Diagnosis: Carapace large, triangular, inflated and perfectly symmetrical between both ends. Description: Carapace large, triangular outline in lateral view. Ventral margin straight. Dorsal margin with a well-marked median angularity that coincides with the greatest height. Perfectly rounded margin. Maximum length in VM. Greatest height in the median region coinciding with the location of the cardinal angle. LV larger than VR with characteristic overlaps in the ventral, posterodorsal and anterodorsal regions. In dorsal view, greatest width in the median region. Smooth surface. Observations. Mantelliana speculum sp. nov. was compared with the female specimen of Mantelliana wealdensis (Jones, 1888) described and illustrated by Anderson, (1985). However, the well-marked angle in the dorsal region described by Anderson (1985) is not centralized, thus not dividing the valves into two practically identical parts as in the new species. Occurrence and associated fauna. It was recorded in the Santo Antonio section, at the following depths (from base to top): 0.3; 2.25; 3.1; 3.55; 3.65; 3.85; 4.05; 5.25; 5.35; 5.55 and 5.65 m. Mantelliana speculum sp. nov. occurs associated with all species of ostracods. Stratigraphic distribution. Brazil, Araripe Basin, Romualdo Formation, upper Aptian.

Tomé, Maria Emilia, Araripe, Rilda, Oliveira, David, Barreto, Alcina, Prado, Ludmila, Pedrosa, Flavia, Pereira, Priscilla, Nascimento, Luiz Ricardo, Ng, Christiano (2022): Early Cretaceous Ostracoda (Crustacea) from south-centralAraripe Basin, Brazil with descriptions of seven new species. Zootaxa 5159 (4): 535-557, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.4

Pattersoncypris micropapillosa Bate, 1972 Fig. 3G–I 1972 Pattersoncypris micropapillosa — Bate, p. 379–393, est. 66–71, figs. 1–12. 1990 Pattersoncypris micropapillosa —Arai & Coimbra, p. 239. plate. 1, fig. 2. 1990 Pattersoncypris micropapillosa —Dépêche et al., plate 1, fig. 9. 1991 Hourcqia angulata sinuata —Andreu-Boussut, plate 1, figs. 4–9. 2008 Harbinia micropapillosa —Do Carmo et al., p. 795, fig. 6, nº 6. 2000 Pattersoncypris micropapillosa —Smith, p. 70–83, plates 1–9, text-figs. 2–9. 2002 Pattersoncypris micropapillosa — Coimbra et al., fig. 3. 2010 Pattersoncypris micropapillosa — Tomé & Lima Filho, p. 62, plate 1 (a–c). 2012a Pattersoncypris micropapillosa —Poropat & Colin, p. 708, fig. 4, nº. 1–2. 2014 Pattersoncypris micropapillosa —Tomé et al., p. 167, fig. 10 J–P. 2017 Harbinia micropapillosa —Souza et al., p. 7, fig. 1, A–D. 2020 Pattersoncypris micropapillosa — Melo et al., fig. 5, nº 5–6. 2022 Pattersoncypris micropapillosa —Araripe et al., p 7, fig. 5 (15a–b). Illustrated material. Juvenile carapace (A-1), Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1508, depth 3.1 m; Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE- 1509, depth 4.05 m and Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1510, depth 3.1 m. Dimension. Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1508 (Fig. 3G); L= (LV) 1,045 / (RV) 1.173 mm, H= 0.69 mm, and W= 0.744 mm. Comparison. Material compared to P. micropapillosa (Nº. DGEO-CTG-UFPE-1164) described and deposited by Tome et al. (2014) in the Ivan de Medeiros Tinoco Microfossils Collection. Occurrence and associated fauna. It was recorded in the Santo Antônio section, at the following depths (from base to top): 1.8; 2.65; 3.1; 4.25; 5.25; 4.25; 5.35 and 5.55 m. P. micropapillosa is not associated with the species Alicenulla cf. leguminella, Dicrorygma (Orthorygma ?) dimorpha and the species of the genus Perissocytheridea. Observations. P. micropapillosa was not found in the same abundance as the other species of Pattersoncypris so it is noteworthy because this genus was described for the first time in this basin. Further studies are required to assess whether this species is a synonym of P. salitrensis or P. angulata. Stratigraphic distribution. Brazil, Araripe Basin, Santana Group, Romualdo Formation (Silva Telles Jr. & Viana 1990; Poropat & Colin 2012b), interval dated as Aptian (Regali 1990; Coimbra et al. 2002). Potiguar Basin, Alagamar Formation, Aptian (Do Carmo et al. 2008). Cedro Basin, Crato Formation, interval dated as Aptian (Tomé 2007; Tomé & Lima Filho 2010). Jatobá Basin, Serra Negra, in strata correlated to the Crato Formation, upper Aptian (Tomé et al. 2014). In the present manuscript, it was observed in the Araripe Basin, Romualdo Formation, upper Aptian., Published as part of Tomé, Maria Emilia, Araripe, Rilda, Oliveira, David, Barreto, Alcina, Prado, Ludmila, Pedrosa, Flavia, Pereira, Priscilla, Nascimento, Luiz Ricardo & Ng, Christiano, 2022, Early Cretaceous Ostracoda (Crustacea) from south-centralAraripe Basin, Brazil with descriptions of seven new species, pp. 535-557 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on page 540, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6786092, {"references":["Bate, R. H. (1972) Phosphatized Ostracods with Appendages from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil. Paleontology, 15, 379 - 393.","Tome, M. E. T. R., Lima Filho, M. F. & Neumann, V. H. M. L. (2014) Taxonomic studies of non-marine ostracods in the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-lower Albian) of post-rift sequence from Jatoba and Araripe basins (Northeast Brazil): Stratigraphic implications. Cretaceous Research, 48, 153 - 176. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2013.12.007","Poropat, S. F. & Colin, J. P. (2012 b) Reassessment of the Early Cretaceous non-marine ostracod genera Hourcqia Krommelbein, 1965 and Pattersoncypris Bate, 1972 with the description of a new genus, Kroemmelbeincypris. Journal of Paleontology, 86, 699 - 719. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 11 - 140 R. 1","Regali, M. S. P. (1990) Biocronoestratigrafia e paleoambiente do Eocretaceo das bacias do Araripe (CE) e Rio do Peixe (PB), NE, Brasil. Simposio sobre a Bacia do Araripe e Bacias Interiores do Nordeste, 1, 163 - 171.","Coimbra, J. C., Arai, M. & Carreno, A. L. (2002) Biostratigraphy of Lower Cretaceous microfossils from the Araripe Basin, northeastern Brazil. Geobios, 35, 687 - 698. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0016 - 6995 (02) 00082 - 7","Do Carmo, D. A., Whatley, R., Queiroz Neto, J. V. Q. & Coimbra, J. C. (2008) On the validity of two Lower Cretaceous non-marine ostracode genera: biostratigraphic and paleogeographic implications. Journal of Paleontology, 82, 790 - 799. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 07 - 008.1","Tome, M. E. T. R. & Lima Filho, M. F. (2010) Ostracodes da Bacia de Cedro, Andar Alagoas, Estado de Pernambuco, NE, Brasil: Implicacoes paleoambientais e bioestratigraficas. Estudos Geologicos, 21, 56 - 70."]}

This study represents diversity of zooplankton species in a perennial freshwater lake located in Singanallur (Lat. 10.59° N and Long. 77.88° E) at Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India for a period of one year (June, 2017-May, 2018). Fifty three zooplankton species including rotifera-18, cladocera-10, copepoda-13 and ostracoda-12 were observed. The first record of an ostracoda species Cypretta campechensis was observed during summer. This species was recognized according to its morphological characteristics of anterior view, posterior view, dorsal margin, lateral view (triangular shape), maxillular palp, posterior seta, posterior claw, uropodal ramus and hemipenis. This was mass cultured in mixed phytoplankton as feed. The molecular identification was done via analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mt-COI). The gene was amplified with universal primers (LCO1490 and HCO2198), sequenced and authenticated with NCBI GenBank (MN641913). The BLAST showed 100% similarity with C. campechensis of Mexico (MF076727). The sequence showed more number of identical amino acid residues than that of variable amino acid sites. The noticed higher AT biases (62.4-63.0%) than GC biases (36.1-37.5%) indicated that lower abundance of nuclear copies of mt-DNA (NUMTs) genes. The divergence rate was very low between the subjected and retrieved species (0.000-0.290%). The endemism of C. campechensis can be used as a bio-indicator of water pollution status of this lake and may afford an opening to assess its importance in aquaculture production.

Zonocypris dorsoconvexa sp. nov. (Fig. 3) ZooBank-link: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F2A2EDDA-1D45-4290-8FB4-89C3D10B00C2 Etymology: The specific name is derived from Latin convexus (meaning convex) and refers to the dorsal outline. Type-locality: Crato Municipality, Ceará State, Northeast Brazil. Type-horizon: Late Aptian. Crato Formation, Santana Group, Araripe Basin, Brazil. 2-AR-SR-1A-CE well core (coordinates: 7°17’29.88” S and 39°23’34.84” W) sample, depth interval 134.00– 134.05 m. Material: three carapaces (two adults; one juvenile). Holotype: LMA-00333, adult male; L: 0.42 mm, H: 0.24 mm, W: 0.27 mm (Figs 3A–D). 2-AR-SR-1A-CE well core sample, depth interval 134.00– 134.05 m. Paratypes: LMA-00306, female, L: 0.41 mm, H: 0.27 mm, W: 0.27 mm (Fig. 3E), 2-AR-SR-1A-CE well core sample, depth interval 134.00– 134.05 m. LMA-00334, C, juvenile, L: 0.33 mm, H: 0.21 mm. W: 0.22 mm (Figs 3F–H), 2-AR-SR-1A-CE well core sample, depth interval 124.55–124.58 m. Repository: Collection from Laboratório de Micropaleontologia Aplicada [Applied Micropaleontology Laboratory] (LMA) from UFPE, Recife, Brazil. Diagnosis: A species of Zonocypris with a small, sub-rectangular to sub-ovate carapace in lateral view, with the typical ornamentation of concentric ribs almost horizontal in the central and ventral areas; intercostal areas smooth and slightly thicker than the ribs. Description: Small carapace, sub-rectangular to sub-ovate in lateral view. Carapace ovoid, in dorsal and ventral views, posteriorly broadened, anteriorly acuminate. LV larger than RV, uniformly overlapping it along all margins, except in the ventral margin. Greatest height at mid-length in females, in front of middle in males. Greatest length below mid-height. Greatest width in posterior third. Dorsal margin convex, ventral margin almost straight; anterior margin sub-rounded, posterior margin truncated and projected downwards. Sexual dimorphism pronounced, with females higher, less elongated, more inflated and dorsally more convex than males. Concentric ribs parallel to margins on carapace periphery. In central region of carapace, ribs more triangular shape, being almost horizontal in ventral zone. Intercostal areas smooth and slightly thicker than ribs. On ribs, or adjacent to them, simple normal pore canals (type A’ of Puri & Dickau 1969 and A1 of Danielopol et al. 2018) are abundant, some of which seemingly with marginal lip (type A” of Puri & Dickau 1969 and A2 of Danielopol et al. 2018), bad preservation of specimens not allowing for more detailed description (Fig. 3H). Marginal pore canals also present, more densely arranged (Fig. 3D). Internal features not seen. Remarks: This species differs from the previous Z onocypris berthoui sp. nov. in general outline, mainly the dorsal one, less robust ribs and the posterior position of greatest width. Zonocypris dorsoconvexa sp. nov. resembles Zonocypris sp. 1 from the Early Aptian of Portugal (Cabral 1995), but the latter has a straighter ventral margin and a more marked posterior end; the ornamentation is also slightly different with the ribs more inclined in the ventral area. The species Zonocypris sp., recorded from the Early Cretaceous from Argentina (Carignano et al. 2017), differs from Zonocypris dorsoconvexa sp. nov. in the more rounded anterior margin, and position of the greatest width in the posterior quarter of the carapace. Occurrence: Late Aptian, Crato Formation, Araripe Basin, Crato Municipality, Ceará State, Brazil (this study).

Zonocypris berthoui sp. nov. (Fig. 2) 1994 Zonocypris sp. Berthou et al.: 541, pl. 1, figs 8–10. 1997 Zonocypris sp. Colin & Dépêche: 433, figs 2–14, 2–17. ZooBank-link: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 879AA9BD-FBAA-4B02-945F-41844FAB3DE0 Etymology: In honor of the late Pierre-Yves Berthou, for his pioneering studies on ostracods of the Araripe Basin, including the first record of the species described herein. Type-locality: Nova Olinda Municipality, Ceará State, Northeast Brazil. Type-horizon: Late Aptian. Crato Formation, Santana Group, Araripe Basin, Brazil. Outcrop sample 1BAr17a, coordinates 7°06’52.3”S, 39°41’51.5”W. Material: Four adult carapaces. Holotype: LMA-00305, C, Adult female; L: 0.40 mm, H: 0.28 mm, W: 0.26 mm (Figs 2A–F). Outcrop sample 1BAr17a (Três Irmãos Quarry). Paratypes: LMA-00331, C, Adult male, L: 0.42 mm, H: 0.28 mm. W: 0.27 mm (Figs 2G–H), 2-AR-SR-1A-CE well core sample from depth interval 124.55–124.58 m; LMA-00332, Adult female L: 0.42 mm, H: 0.22 mm, W: 0.31 mm (Figs 2I–K), 2-AR-SR-1A-CE well core sample from depth interval 121.05–121.09 m. Repository: Collection of the Laboratório de Micropaleontologia Aplicada [Applied Micropaleontology Laboratory] (LMA) from UFPE, Recife, Brazil. Diagnosis: A species of Zonocypris with a small, sub-ovate to sub-triangular carapace in lateral view, with the typical ornamentation of thick, concentric ribs (except in the central area, where three sub-rectilinear ribs are present) containing abundant normal pore canals; intercostal areas narrow and smooth. Description: Small carapace, sub-ovate to sub-triangular in lateral view; strongly tumid, with biconvex dorsal and ventral views. Valves slightly unequal, LV overlapping the RV on all sides. Greatest height located in anteromedian area, at anterior cardinal angle; height c. 2/3 of length in females. Greatest length below mid-height. Greatest width slightly posterior to mid-length, larger than half of length in females, smaller in males. Dorsal margin sub-rectilinear and short, ventral margin convex; anterior margin broadly rounded, posterior end infracurvate and subacute. Sexual dimorphism present, with female carapace more inflated in dorsal view, and male carapace more elongate and subtriangular laterally. Surface entirely covered by coarse, sub-oval and regularly distributed concentric ribs, except in central area, where three sub-rectilinear ribs are present. In dorsal and ventral views, ribs are subparallel to major axis. Intercostal areas smooth and narrower than ribs. Abundant, round, simple normal pore canals (type A’ of Puri & Dickau 1969 and A1 of Danielopol et al. 2018) occur on ribs or adjacent to them throughout valve surface (Figs 2I and K). Some best preserve pores with very thin lip around hole, seen at high-resolution (Figs 2F and J), possibly belonging to the type A” of Puri & Dickau (1969) and A2 of Danielopol et al. (2018). Marginal pore canals also present, densely arranged (Fig. 2E). Presence of microdenticles in anteroventral area only observed when carapace is disarticulated or broken in this zone (Fig. 2K). Other internal features not available. Remarks: Normal pore canals and marginal pore canals are rarely referred to in the descriptions of Zonocypris species, probably because they both require high magnifications of SEM images to be clearly observed; moreover, many descriptions of Zonocypris species predated the widespread use of SEM, particularly those of recent species, where these small structures are easier to see. However, in recent publications with SEM images, the normal pore canals are often visible at high magnifications. We verified their presence in several fossil and extant species, always located on the ribs or adjacent to them; in Whatley et al. (2002) the presence of normal pore canals on the ribs of Zonocypris labyrinthicus Whatley, Bajpai & Srinivasan, 2002 was noted. The marginal pore canals are more difficult to observe. In Krstić (2006) there is a figure (Pl. LXVI, fig. 8) with the marginal pore canals of Zonocypris membranae quadricella Stancheva, 1966; the author described them as “long, thin and densely arranged”. The presence of microdenticles in the RV is common in extant and sub-fossil species of Zonocypris. In the description of the extant Zonocypris cordata Sars, 1924, from South Africa, the author refers to a “row of minute tubercles”, “both in front and behind” on the RV; microdenticles are also present in the anterior and posterior-ventral parts of the selvage of the RV of a very well preserved Holocene species from Mozambique (MCC observation on material from M. J. Martins, ICArEHB, Universidade do Algarve, Portugal, Project InMoz -PTDC/HAR-ARQ/28148/2017, ongoing studies); in the extant Zonocypris mardinensis Külköylüoðlu et al., 2021, from Turkey, the presence of a row of fine denticles is referred to, but only in the posterior part of the calcified inner lamella of the RV (in the selvage, as we can see in fig. 4F, of Külköylüoðlu et al. 2021). The lack of descriptions of these structures in fossil species is probably due to the rarity of loose valves where they can be observed. Zonocypris berthoui sp. nov. differs from other Early Cretaceous species of the genus mainly by its sub-triangular to ovoid outline and the ribs distribution pattern. Compared to Zonocypris ? expansa Tian & Zhao, 1982, from the Aptian-Albian of NE China, it is significantly smaller, with a very different lateral outline and thicker ribs. Zonocypris sp. recorded by Carignano et al. (2017) in the Barremian?–Aptian interval of Argentina has a rounded sub-trapezoidal outline in lateral view, a greatest width clearly in the posterior third and more asymmetrical arrangement of the concentric ribs in the center of the valve. Some species from the Late Cretaceous resemble our proposed species. In India, Zonocypris labyrinthicus Whatley, Bajpai & Srinivasan, 2002 from the Maastrichtian of Mohagaonkala, and Zonocypris gujaratensis Bhandari & Colin, 1999, from the Upper Maastrichtian-Base of Paleocene? of Anjar, Kachchh, Gujarat State, also show sexual dimorphism, but have a very small carapace with a more rounded lateral outline than Z. berthoui sp. nov.; moreover Z. labyrinthicus has RV>LV and lacks the ribs in the central part of the valves, and in Z. gujaratensis the greatest height is almost in the middle of the length. Zonocypris spirula Whatley & Bajpai, 2000, from the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene of India, differs from the present species in having a very small carapace with spirally arranged ornament comprising a single helicoidal rib coiled on the valve surface. The Campanian Zonocypris digitalis Babinot, 2003, from south-east France, presents a similar rib pattern, but differs in the truncated anterior and posterior margins, and in size, which is very small. The specimen of Zonocypris ? sp. from the Campanian–Early Maastrichtian? of Mali, figured in Colin et al. (1996), very likely belongs to the genus and shows similarities with Z. berthoui sp. nov., however it has an almost round outline and the intercostal areas are pitted. Occurrence: Late Aptian, Crato Formation, Araripe Basin, Barbalha, Crato and Nova Olinda municipalities, Ceará State, Brazil (Berthou et al. 1994; Colin & Dépêche 1997; this study).

Genus Zonocypris G. W. Müller, 1898 Type-species: Zonocypris costata (Vávra, 1897) Syn.: Zonocypris madagascarensis G. W. Müller, 1898, Published as part of Piovesan, Enelise Katia, Melo, Gustavo Dias, Cabral, Maria Cristina & Guzmán, Juliana, 2022, New Early Cretaceous species of Zonocypris G. W. Müller, 1898 (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from the Crato Formation, Brazil, pp. 581-591 in Zootaxa 5141 (6) on page 583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.6.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6598161, {"references":["Muller, G. W. (1898) Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise in Madagaskar und Ost-Afrika 1889 - 1895 von Dr A Voeltzkow: Die Ostracoden. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 21, 255 - 296.","Vavra, W. (1897) Dis suesswasser-Ostracoden Deutsch-Ost-Afrikas. Deutsch-Ost-Afrika, 4 (21 / 3), 1 - 28."]}