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8,375 results on '"CY Cergy Paris Université"'

1. Between international law and national cultural policies: How (come) did digital copyright become a European public policy?

Author: Workshop “Promoting and resisting the European Union’s role in the internationalization of public policies”. Organisé par le Groupe de recherche sur l’Union européenne (GrUE) au laboratoire AGORA de CY Cergy Paris Université (7-8 avril 2022: Paris), Bonnamy, Céleste, Workshop “Promoting and resisting the European Union’s role in the internationalization of public policies”. Organisé par le Groupe de recherche sur l’Union européenne (GrUE) au laboratoire AGORA de CY Cergy Paris Université (7-8 avril 2022: Paris), and Bonnamy, Céleste
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2022

2. Enhanced star formation through the high-temperature formation of H2 on carbonaceous dust grains

Author: Francesco Grieco, Patrice Theulé, Ilse De Looze, François Dulieu, LERMA Cergy (LERMA), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro di ricerca per la genomica e la postgenomica animale e vegetale (GPG), Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria = Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), University College of London [London] (UCL), and ANR-19-CE31-0021,SIRC,Chimie des radicaux en phase solide pour l'astrophysique(2019)
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract: The microphysics of molecular hydrogen formation has an influence on galactic-scale star-formation rates over cosmic time. H2 is the cooling agent needed to initiate the cloud collapse regulating the star-formation efficiency. H2 formation is inefficient in the gas phase under typical interstellar conditions, requiring dust grain surfaces to act as catalysts. Small carbonaceous grains with sizes from roughly 4 to 100–200 Å, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), have been shown to increase the H2 formation rates due to their large surface-to-volume ratios. H2 formation rates on PAHs were previously thought to reduce above temperatures of 50 K and H atom recombination was believed to be highly efficient only below 20 K. Until now, both laboratory experiments and theoretical modelling have suggested that H2 cannot form on grains with temperatures above 100 K. Here we report evidence, through direct laboratory measurements, of the highly efficient formation of H2 at temperatures up to 250 K on carbonaceous surfaces mimicking interstellar dust. By pushing their formation towards warmer temperatures, the H2 molecules could start contributing substantially to the cooling of warmer gas (temperatures of roughly 50–250 K). This will have a marked impact on our understanding of H2 formation in nearby galaxies and its efficiency in high-redshift galaxies where the Cosmic Microwave Background already pushes dust temperatures to more than 20 K.
Published: 2023

3. Inhibition of the endocannabinoid system reverses obese phenotype in aged mice and partly restores skeletal muscle function

Author: Lucas Fajardo, Phelipe Sanchez, Jérôme Salles, Jean Paul Rigaudière, Véronique Patrac, Sylvie Caspar-Bauguil, Camille Bergoglgio, Cédric Moro, Stéphane Walrand, Olivier Le Bacquer, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut des Humanités numériques (IDHN), Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes (ETIS - UMR 8051), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Lexiques, Textes, Discours, Dictionnaire - Centre Jean Pruvost (LT2D), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Laboratoire Mobilités, Réseaux, Territoires, Environnements (MRTE - EA 4112), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Laboratoire AGORA (AGORA - EA 7392), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), and IDEXISITE Initiative 16-IDEX-0001 (CAP 20–25) and I-SITE project (CAP2025) of the University of Clermont Auvergne.
Subjects: sarcopenia, obesity, muscle function, Physiology, rimonabant, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Physiology (medical), Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, muscle function obesity rimonabant sarcopenia skeletal muscle, skeletal muscle
Abstract: International audience; Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, is associated with lipid accumulation and anabolic resistance; phenomena also observed in obesity and worsen when obesity and aging are combined. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is overactivated in obesity, but its role in aging obesity-related muscle dysfunction is unknown. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of inhibition of the ECS by rimonabant (RIM) on the metabolic alterations induced by a high-fat high-sucrose diet and on skeletal muscle mass/function in aged mice. Eighteen-month-old male mice were subjected to a control (CTL) or a high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet for 24 weeks. Mice were administered with saline or RIM (10 mg/kg/day) for the last 4 weeks of the diet. Skeletal muscle function was evaluated by open-field, rotarod, and grip strength tests. Metabolic alterations in liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle were investigated by quantitative RT-PCR. Body mass was higher in HFHS mice compared to CTL mice (48.0 ± 1.5 vs. 33.5 ± 0.7 g, P < 0.01), as a result of fat accumulation (34.8 ± 1.0 vs. 16.7 ± 0.8%, P < 0.01). RIM reduced body fat mass in both CTL (À16%, P < 0.05) and HFHS conditions (À40%, P < 0.01), without affecting hindlimb skeletal muscle mass. In HFHS mice, grip strength evolution was improved (À0.29 ± 0.06 vs. À0.49 ± 0.06 g/g lean mass, P < 0.05), and rotarod activity was increased by %60% in response to RIM (45.9 ± 6.3 vs. 28.5 ± 4.6 cm, P < 0.05). Lipolysis and b-oxidation genes were upregulated in the liver as well as genes involved in adipose tissue browning. These results demonstrate that inhibition of the ECS induces metabolic changes in liver and adipose tissue associated with a reversion of the obese phenotype and that RIM is able to improve motor coordination and muscle strength in aged mice, without affecting skeletal muscle mass. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In 24-month-old mice submitted to high-fat high-sucrose-induced obesity, inhibition of the endocannabinoid system by rimonabant reversed the obese phenotype by promoting adipose tissue browning and b-oxidation in the liver but not in skeletal muscle. These metabolism modifications are associated with improved skeletal muscle function.
Published: 2023

4. High Breakdown Voltage GaN Schottky Diodes for THz Frequency Multipliers

Author: G. Di Gioia, E. Frayssinet, M. Samnouni, V. Chinni, P. Mondal, J. Treuttel, X. Wallart, M. Zegaoui, G. Ducournau, Y. Roelens, Y. Cordier, M. Zaknoune, Advanced NanOmeter DEvices - IEMN (ANODE - IEMN), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Centre de recherche sur l'hétéroepitaxie et ses applications (CRHEA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), EPItaxie et PHYsique des hétérostructures - IEMN (EPIPHY - IEMN), LERMA Cergy (LERMA), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQUE THZ - IEMN), This work was supported by the French ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche), under the CE24 ‘SchoGAN’ project. This work was also supported by the CPER 'Photonics for Society', the CPER 'WAVETECH', and the Hauts de France Regional Council and the French Network RENATECH, Renatech Network, and ANR-17-CE24-0034,SchoGaN,Diodes Schottky GaN pour la génération de signaux THz(2017)
Subjects: wide band gap semiconductor, Materials Chemistry, Schottky diode, frequency multipliers, THz, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, GaN, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics
Abstract: International audience; Quasi-vertical gallium nitride (GaN) Schottky diodes on silicon carbide (SiC) substrates were fabricated for frequency multiplier applications. The epitaxial structure employed had an n− layer of 590 nm with doping 6.6 × 1016 cm−3, while the n+ layer was 950 nm thick, with doping 2 × 1019 cm−3. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) chemical surface treatment before Schottky contact metallization was employed to study its effect in improving the diode parameters. The KOH-treated diode demonstrated a breakdown voltage of − 27.5 V, which is the highest reported for this type of diode. Cut-off frequencies around 500 GHz were obtained at high reverse bias (− 25 V) in spite of high series resistance. The result obtained in breakdown voltage value warrants further research in surface treatment and post-annealing of the Schottky contact optimization in order to decrease the series resistance.
Published: 2023

5. Evaluation of the collaboration and autonomy of 6th graders in the Sciences project at collège Pailleron

Author: Copreaux, Lucie, Rollinde, Emmanuel, Samali, Lilia, Laboratoire de Didactique André Revuz (LDAR (URP_4434)), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Lille-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine, Laboratoire de Didactique André Revuz (LDAR (EA_4434)), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), and Collège Pailleron
Subjects: Autonomie inclusion collaboration évaluation collège, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: International audience; LeProjetSciencessedéfinitparuneambitiondecollaborationentrelesenseignantslorsdelaconstructiondesfichesdeséances,etentrelesélèves,répartisenîlotsderationalitépargroupede quatre. Il se définit également par une volonté d’inclusion avec des groupes d’élèveshétérogènesmélangeantlesclassesSEGPA,UP2Aetgénérale(Copreauxetal.,2020).CesbesoinsexprimésparlesenseignantsendébutdeLéAontététravailléslorsdesréunionsrégulièresduLéA,àtraversl’observationdesséances,leuranalyseréflexiveetlesremédiationsdeséances.Nousallonsprésenteruneanalysedecesévolutionsennousbasantsurlesélémentsd’évaluationdecollaborationdécritsparChildetShaw(2019 ;Figure1)
Published: 2023

6. Explicit correlations for the Hawkes processes *

Author: Hillairet, Caroline, Réveillac, Anthony, Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse Economique (ENSAE), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse Economique, CREST-THEMA, Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique (CREST), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Théorie économique, modélisation et applications (THEMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 (IMT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT), Joint Research Initiative 'Cyber Risk : actuarial modeling' with the partnership of AXA Research Fund, ANR-11-LABX-0047,ECODEC,Réguler l'économie au service de la société(2011), Reveillac, Anthony, and Centres d'excellences - Réguler l'économie au service de la société - - ECODEC2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0047 - LABX - VALID
Subjects: [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], [MATH.MATH-PR] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], 60G55, 60G57, 60H07, Probability (math.PR), Malliavin calculus, FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics Subject Classification (2020): 60G55 60G57 60H07, Hawkes processes, Poisson imbedding representation, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract: In this paper we fill a gap in the literature by providing exact and explicit expressions for the correlation of general Hawkes processes together with its intensity process. Our methodology relies on the Poisson imbedding representation and on recent findings on Malliavin calculus and pseudo-chaotic representation for counting processes.
Published: 2023

7. PARMIO: A Reference Quality Model for Ocean Surface Emissivity and Backscatter from the Microwave to the Infrared

Author: Emmanuel Dinnat, Stephen English, Catherine Prigent, Lise Kilic, Magdalena Anguelova, Stuart Newman, Thomas Meissner, Jacqueline Boutin, Ad Stoffelen, Simon Yueh, Ben Johnson, Fuzhong Weng, Carlos Jimenez, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), LERMA Cergy (LERMA), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Met Office Climate Research Division, United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Remote Sensing Systems [Santa Rosa] (RSS), Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), and Estellus
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

8. Dereplication of Acetogenins from Annona muricata by Combining Tandem Mass Spectrometry after Lithium and Copper Postcolumn Cationization and Molecular Networks

Author: Salomé Poyer, Laurent Laboureur, Téo Hebra, Nicolas Elie, Guillaume Van der Rest, Jean-Yves Salpin, Pierre Champy, David Touboul, Laboratoire Analyse, Modélisation et Matériaux pour la Biologie et l'Environnement (LAMBE - UMR 8587), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie Physique (ICP), Biomolécules : Conception, Isolement, Synthèse (BioCIS), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)
Subjects: [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Structural Biology, Spectroscopy
Abstract: International audience; Annonaceous acetogenins are natural products held responsible for atypical parkinsonism due to chronic consumption in traditional medicine or as food. Due to their long-term neurotoxic effects in humans, the complete chemical characterization of acetogenins in complex mixtures has become crucial. Characterization by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) of acetogenins using collisioninduced dissociation (CID) from lithium adducts provides additional structural information compared to protonated or sodiated species such as ketone location on the acetogenins backbone. However, diagnostic ions are present at a very low intensity limiting this approach to abundant species in the extracts. Copper adducts led to diagnostic fragment ions that allow to identify the position of oxygen rings and hydroxyl substituents. Fragmentation rules were established based on acetogenin standards allowing the identification of 45 over the 77 analogues observed in an extract of Annona muricata by LC-MS/MS using post-column infusion of copper sulfate (CuSO4) solution. Molecular networks that were generated thanks to specific fragmentations obtained with copper, led to the distinction of THF ring position or to the identification of hydroxylated lactone for instance, while networks generated from lithium adducts mainly distinguish analogues with a hydroxyl group at C4 from the other structures.
Published: 2022

9. Smart electrode array for cochlear implants

Author: Ahmad Itawi, Sofiane Ghenna, Guillaume Tourrel, Sébastien Grondel, Cédric Plesse, Tran Minh Giao Nguyen, Frédéric Vidal, Yinoussa Adagolodjo, Lingxiao Xun, Gang Zheng, Alexandre Kruszewski, Christian Duriez, Eric Cattan, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 [IEMN], Matériaux et Acoustiques pour MIcro et NAno systèmes intégrés - IEMN [MAMINA - IEMN], INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France [INSA Hauts-De-France], CY Cergy Paris Université [CY], Deformable Robots Simulation Team [DEFROST ], Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Matériaux et Acoustiques pour MIcro et NAno systèmes intégrés - IEMN (MAMINA - IEMN), INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Deformable Robots Simulation Team (DEFROST ), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IEEE, Renatech Network, CMNF, ANR-19-CE19-0026,ROBOCOP,robotisation de l'implant cochléaire(2019), and European Project: 857263,H2020-EU.4.b.,TWINNIMS(2019)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Cochlear electrode array, electronic conducting polymer, actuator
Abstract: International audience; Cochlear implants made of standard silicone electrode array (EA) are currently used to stimulate the auditory nerve of patients’ cochlea. The implants have a proximaldiameter of 0.5mm and 2~3cm long composed of 20 bulk platinum electrodes and connection wires (Ø 25µm). Due to their stiffness and passive nature, the most difficult task during implant surgery is inserting the EA properly into the tympanic ramp of the patient's cochlea, often leading to trauma or incomplete insertion. In this work, we developed an original smart EA for efficient insertion. This prototype has a lower stiffness and functionalized with an electronic conducting polymer based micro-actuators able to bend under low electrical voltage stimulation. This prototype is expected to reduce the friction forces during insertion, allow better control of the insertion process, facilitate the work of the surgeon and decrease the probability of trauma.
Published: 2023

10. Priorités et stratégies d'un formateur lors de la mise en œuvre d'un jeu de rôles en mathématiques

Author: Guille-Biel Winder, Claire, Lajoie, Caroline, Mangiante-Orsola, Christine, Masselot, Pascale, Tempier, Frederick, TEMPIER, Frédérick, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Université d'Artois (UA), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de Didactique André Revuz (LDAR (URP_4434)), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Lille-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)
Subjects: jeux de rôles, comparaison, pratiques de formation, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, role-play, aide à un élève, nombres décimaux, support to a pupil, comparison of decimal numbers, training practices
Abstract: A teacher trainer priorities and strategies while implementing a role-play in mathematics. In previous work, we designed, implemented and analyzed a teacher-training scenario based on role-play, which immerses preservice teachers into a situation involving a primary school teacher helping a pupil with some mathematical task (Lajoie et al., 2019). We highlighted some potential offered to the teacher trainer to bring out, in preservice teachers, mathematical, didactic and pedagogical knowledge but we came to the conclusion that making the most of this potential involved demanding work on the part of the teacher trainer. In this paper, we investigate this dimension within the activity theory field, more precisely the way a teacher trainer who did not participate in the design of the scenario implements it, in particular the way she manages the collective discussion phases., Dans un travail précédent, nous avions conçu, mis en œuvre et analysé un scénario de formation basé sur le dispositif du Jeu de Rôles, qui plonge les futurs professeurs des écoles dans une situation d’aide à un élève (Lajoie et al., 2019). Nous avions fait ressortir des potentialités offertes au formateur pour faire émerger, chez de futurs enseignants, des connaissances d’ordre mathématique, didactique et pédagogique mais nécessitant un travail exigeant de la part du formateur. C’est cette dimension que nous interrogeons dans ce texte, en nous plaçant dans le cadre de la théorie de l’activité, plus précisément la manière selon laquelle une formatrice qui n’a pas participé à la conception du scénario le met en œuvre, notamment la manière dont elle gère les phases de discussion collective.
Published: 2023

11. Identification of Paired-related Homeobox Protein 1 as a key mesenchymal transcription factor in pulmonary fibrosis

Author: Marchal-Duval, Emmeline, Homps-Legrand, Méline, Froidure, Antoine, Jaillet, Madeleine, Ghanem, Mada, Lou, Deneuville, Justet, Aurélien, Maurac, Arnaud, Vadel, Aurelie, Fortas, Emilie, Cazes, Aurelie, Joannes, Audrey, Giersh, Laura, Mal, Herve, Mordant, Pierre, Piolot, Tristan, Truchin, Marin, Mounier, Carine, Schirduan, Ksenija, Korfei, Martina, Gunther, Andreas, Mari, Bernard, Jaschinski, Frank, Crestani, Bruno, Mailleux, Arnaud, UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires (PHERE (UMR_S_1152 / U1152)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe de recherche sur les relations matrice extracellulaire-cellules (ERRMECe), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU)
Subjects: MESH: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, lung, Mice, Transforming Growth Factor beta, MESH: Cell Proliferation, fibroblasts, transcription factors, MESH: Homeodomain Proteins, cell biology, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, human, MESH: Mice, MESH: Transforming Growth Factor beta, mouse, Cell Proliferation, Homeodomain Proteins, MESH: Humans, fibrosis, MESH: Transcription Factors, TGF beta pathway, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Protein Phosphatase 2C, MESH: Protein Phosphatase 2C
Abstract: Matrix remodeling is a salient feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Targeting cells driving matrix remodeling could be a promising avenue for IPF treatment. Analysis of transcriptomic database identified the mesenchymal transcription factor PRRX1 as upregulated in IPF. PRRX1, strongly expressed by lung fibroblasts, was regulated by a TGF-β/PGE2 balance in vitro in control and IPF human lung fibroblasts, while IPF fibroblast-derived matrix increased PRRX1 expression in a PDGFR-dependent manner in control ones. PRRX1 inhibition decreased human lung fibroblast proliferation by downregulating the expression of S phase cyclins. PRRX1 inhibition also impacted TGF-β driven myofibroblastic differentiation by inhibiting SMAD2/3 phosphorylation through phosphatase PPM1A upregulation and TGFBR2 downregulation, leading to TGF-β response global decrease. Finally, targeted inhibition of Prrx1 attenuated fibrotic remodeling in vivo with intra-tracheal antisense oligonucleotides in bleomycin mouse model of lung fibrosis and ex vivo using human and mouse precision-cut lung slices. Our results identified PRRX1 as a key mesenchymal transcription factor during lung fibrogenesis.
Published: 2023

12. Microstructure, tensile strength and shear strength of aggregate-mortar interface: Effect of aggregate mineralogy

Author: Boyuan Yang, S. Kamali-Bernard, F. Bernard, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Génie Mécanique (LGCGM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire de mécanique et matériaux du génie civil (L2MGC), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), China Scholarship Council, CSC: 201604490063, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Rouen, and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon, INSA Lyon
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Granite, Interfacial transition zone, General Materials Science, Building and Construction, Sandstone, Direct tensile test, Limestone, Microstructure, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: International audience; This work aims to study the mechanical properties of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) through both experimental tests and microstructural observations. The study considers a mortar with water-cement ratio of 0.58 and four types of aggregates: sandstone, granite, and two different types of limestone with varying water absorption coefficients. Chemical compositions, physical characteristics, and surface micromorphology of the four aggregates were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and water absorption measurements as well as SEM observations. Experimental setups were developed to investigate the bonding behavior of the aggregate-mortar interface. The bonding strength between granite and mortar through direct tensile test varied from 51% to 69% of tensile strength of mortar from young age to mature, while 61% to 74% for sandstone, 48% to greater than 90% and 81% to greater than 102% averagely for black and white limestone respectively. The fact of failure in the bulk mortar indicates ITZ adhesion for limestones may equal or exceed the mortar tensile strength generally from 28-day age. This conclusion is consistent with the results obtained by slant shear test. The significant difference of adhesion behavior of ITZ between two limestones due to their water absorption capability. High-water absorption turns out to be beneficial in forming a strong chemical bond at early age, however, the mineralogy remains the pivot under same surface condition. This chemical bond is evidenced by the failure pattern and morphology of the aggregate surface after failure and the presence of a dense accumulation of portlandite and C-S-H under SEM. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
Published: 2023

13. Pre-service teachers' difficulties with the semiotic representation of the decimal number line

Author: Flores González, Macarena, Lesnes, Elann, Lesnes, Elann, Laboratoire de Didactique André Revuz (LDAR (URP_4434)), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Lille-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut national supérieur du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Versailles (INSPÉ Versailles), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Centre de Recherche sur l'Education, les apprentissages et la didactique (CREAD EA 3875), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IBSHS), Université de Brest (UBO), Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics, and Eötvös Loránd University
Subjects: [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, number line, [MATH] Mathematics [math], [MATH]Mathematics [math], Decimal numbers, teacher education
Abstract: International audience; As a semiotic representation, the numerical line is often used in school as a tool. However, it is also considered an epistemological obstacle, which can be problematic if one is not trained to use it. In this paper, we investigate the difficulties encountered by primary and secondary pre-service teachers in representing the number line of decimal numbers when numbers are given. Using a methodology with qualitative analyses, we analysed the written productions of 103 pre-service teachers when constructing these number lines. This allowed us to identify five categories of difficulties: error in the decimal writing of 1/2, just ordering the numbers, no clearly defined unit, 1/2 in the middle of the segment, and difficulties with 1/100 and 5/100.
Published: 2023

14. Inhibitory neurons control the consolidation of neural assemblies via adaptation to selective stimuli

Author: Raphaël Bergoin, Alessandro Torcini, Gustavo Deco, Mathias Quoy, Gorka Zamora-López, Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes (ETIS - UMR 8051), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation (LPTM - UMR 8089), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Image & Pervasive Access Lab (IPAL), National University of Singapore (NUS)-Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institute for Infocomm Research - I²R [Singapore], CNRS, Labex MME-DII, Spanish national research project, Organization for Computational Neurosciences, ANR-18-CE37-0014,ERMUNDY,Réduction exacte de la dynamique neuronale multi-échelle(2018), European Project: 945539,H2020,H2020-SGA-FETFLAG-HBP-2019,HBP SGA3(2020), European Project, Bergoin, Raphaël, APPEL À PROJETS GÉNÉRIQUE 2018 - Réduction exacte de la dynamique neuronale multi-échelle - - ERMUNDY2018 - ANR-18-CE37-0014 - AAPG2018 - VALID, Human Brain Project Specific Grant Agreement 3 - HBP SGA3 - - H20202020-01-01 - 2023-09-30 - 945539 - VALID, and EUTOPIA-PhD-2020-0000000066 - NEUROAI - INCOMING
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, Mathematics and computing, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Computational science, Complex networks, Statistical physics, thermodynamics and nonlinear dynamics, Computer science, Neuroscience
Abstract: Brain circuits display modular architecture at different scales of organization. Such neural assemblies are typically associated to functional specialization but the mechanisms leading to their emergence and consolidation still remain elusive. In this paper we investigate the role of inhibition in structuring new neural assemblies driven by the entrainment to various inputs. In particular, we focus on the role of partially synchronized dynamics for the creation and maintenance of structural modules in neural circuits by considering a network of excitatory and inhibitory θ -neurons with plastic Hebbian synapses. The learning process consists of an entrainment to temporally alternating stimuli that are applied to separate regions of the network. This entrainment leads to the emergence of modular structures. Contrary to common practice in artificial neural networks—where the acquired weights are typically frozen after the learning session—we allow for synaptic adaptation even after the learning phase. We find that the presence of inhibitory neurons in the network is crucial for the emergence and the post-learning consolidation of the modular structures. Indeed networks made of purely excitatory neurons or of neurons not respecting Dale’s principle are unable to form or to maintain the modular architecture induced by the stimuli. We also demonstrate that the number of inhibitory neurons in the network is directly related to the maximal number of neural assemblies that can be consolidated, supporting the idea that inhibition has a direct impact on the memory capacity of the neural network. This work was supported (R.B., G.D. and G.Z.L.) by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation under the Specific [Grant Agreement No. 945539 (Human Brain Project SGA3)] and by an EUTOPIA funding [EUTOPIA-PhD-2020-0000000066 - NEUROAI]. A.T. received financial support by the Labex MME-DII [Grant No. ANR-11-LBX-0023-01] (together with M.Q.), and by the ANR Project ERMUNDY [Grant No. ANR-18-CE37-0014] all part of the French program “Investissements d’Avenir”. G.D. is supported by the Spanish national research project [ref. PID2019-105772GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033] funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (MCIU). M.Q. is also partially supported by CNRS through the IPAL lab in Singapore.
Published: 2023

15. Linking the dust and chemical evolution: Taurus and Perseus: New collisional rates for HCN, HNC, and their C, N, and H isotopologues

Author: Navarro-Almaida, D., Bop, Cheikh T, Lique, François, Esplugues, G., Rodríguez-Baras, M., Kramer, Carsten, Romero, Charles, Fuente, A., Caselli, P., Rivière-Marichalar, P., Kirk, J., Chacón-Tanarro, A., Roueff, E., Mroczkowski, Tony, Bhandarkar, Tanay, Devlin, Mark, Dicker, Simon, Lowe, Ian, Mason, Brian, Sarazin, Craig, Sievers, Jonathan, Observatorio Astronomico Nacional, Madrid, Instituto Geografico Nacional (IGN), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), School of Physics and Astronomy [Cardiff], Cardiff University, LERMA Cergy (LERMA), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), European Southern Observatory (ESO), University of Pennsylvania, University of Virginia, and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], stars: formation, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], ISM: kinematic and dynamics, Molecular physics, ISM: abundances, ISM: molecules
Abstract: International audience; Context. HCN, HNC, and their isotopologues are ubiquitous molecules that can serve as chemical thermometers and evolutionary tracers to characterize star-forming regions. Despite their importance in carrying information that is vital to studies of the chemistry and evolution of star-forming regions, the collision rates of some of these molecules have not been available for rigorous studies in the past.Aims. Our goal is to perform an up-to-date gas and dust chemical characterization of two different star-forming regions, TMC 1-C and NGC 1333-C7, using new collisional rates of HCN, HNC, and their isotopologues. We investigated the possible effects of the environment and stellar feedback in their chemistry and their evolution. Methods. We used updated collisional rates of HCN, HNC, and their isotopologues in our analysis of the chemistry of TMC 1-C (Taurus) and NGC 1333-C7 (Perseus). With millimeter observations, we derived their column densities, the C and N isotopic fractions, the isomeric ratios, and the deuterium fractionation. The continuum data at 3 mm and 850 µm allowed us to compute the emissivity spectral index and look for grain growth as an evolutionary tracer.Results. The H 13 CN/HN 13 C ratio is anticorrelated with the deuterium fraction of HCN, thus it can readily serve as a proxy for the temperature. The spectral index ( β ~ 1.34–2.09) shows a tentative anticorrelation with the H 13 CN/HN 13 C ratio, suggesting grain growth in the evolved, hotter, and less deuterated sources. Unlike TMC 1-C, the south-to-north gradient in dust temperature and spectral index observed in NGC 1333-C7 suggests feedback from the main NGC 1333 cloud.Conclusions. With this up-to-date characterization of two star-forming regions, we found that the chemistry and the physical properties are tightly related. The dust temperature, deuterium fraction, and the spectral index are complementary evolutionary tracers. The large-scale environmental factors may dominate the chemistry and evolution in clustered star-forming regions.
Published: 2023

16. Quelles conceptions sur les nombres décimaux en première année de master MEEF 1er degré après formation en INSPÉ ?

Author: Flores González, Macarena, Lesnes, Elann, Lesnes, Elann, Laboratoire de Didactique André Revuz (LDAR (URP_4434)), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Lille-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut national supérieur du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Versailles (INSPÉ Versailles), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Centre de Recherche sur l'Education, les apprentissages et la didactique (CREAD EA 3875), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IBSHS), Université de Brest (UBO), and COPIRELEM
Subjects: [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [MATH] Mathematics [math], [MATH]Mathematics [math]
Abstract: Notre recherche porte sur les conceptions des enseignant·e·s du 1er degré en formation initiale (en master MEEF 1er degré) concernant les nombres décimaux, afin de repérer et prendre en compte leurs conceptions en début de formation. Ainsi, nous nous demandons : quelles sont les conceptions des enseignant·e·s en formation initiale concernant les décimaux après une formation en INSPÉ (1 CM et 1 TD) se rapprochant du deuxième scénario de formation de Taveau et Zucchetta (2016) ? Lors d'un questionnaire mis en œuvre début 2022 qui interrogeait à la fois les aspects objet et outil des nombres décimaux, et s’appuyait sur de précédents travaux en didactique des mathématiques sur le sujet et en particulier la recherche d’Abrougui (2003), nous montrons que la plupart des conceptions sur les décimaux relevées dans ces recherches se retrouvent chez les étudiant·e·s de master MEEF 1er degré, même 20 ans plus tard.
Published: 2023

17. Single frequency CMB B-mode inference with realistic foregrounds from a single training image

Author: Bruno Regaldo-Saint Blancard, François Levrier, Erwan Allys, Niall Jeffrey, François Boulanger, Benjamin D. Wandelt, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Astrophysique, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Bayesian probability, Cosmic microwave background, Posterior probability, FOS: Physical sciences, Inference, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Convolutional neural network, Wavelet, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, methods: statistical, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Statistical model, Moment (mathematics), cosmology: cosmic background radiation, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Algorithm, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: With a single training image and using wavelet phase harmonic augmentation, we present polarized Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) foreground marginalization in a high-dimensional likelihood-free (Bayesian) framework. We demonstrate robust foreground removal using only a single frequency of simulated data for a BICEP-like sky patch. Using Moment Networks we estimate the pixel-level posterior probability for the underlying {E,B} signal and validate the statistical model with a quantile-type test using the estimated marginal posterior moments. The Moment Networks use a hierarchy of U-Net convolutional neural networks. This work validates such an approach in the most difficult limiting case: pixel-level, noise-free, highly non-Gaussian dust foregrounds with a single training image at a single frequency. For a real CMB experiment, a small number of representative sky patches would provide the training data required for full cosmological inference. These results enable robust likelihood-free, simulation-based parameter and model inference for primordial B-mode detection using observed CMB polarization data., Accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters. 5 pages with 3 figures (plus 1 page of Supporting Materials with 2 figures)
Published: 2021

18. On the Parabolic and Hyperbolic Liouville Equations

Author: Tristan Robert, Tadahiro Oh, Yuzhao Wang, University of Edinburgh, Analyse, Géométrie et Modélisation (AGM - UMR 8088), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Department of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, and CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Pure mathematics, Gaussian, FOS: Physical sciences, stochastic nonlinear heat equation, Context (language use), Lambda, System of linear equations, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 0103 physical sciences, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], 0101 mathematics, 35L71, 35K15, 60H15, Mathematical Physics, Physics, exponential nonlinearity, Probability (math.PR), 010102 general mathematics, Multiplicative function, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics, Mathematical Physics (math-ph), White noise, Gibbs measure, Lipschitz continuity, [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Nonlinear system, stochastic nonlinear wave equation, Liouville equation, symbols, 010307 mathematical physics, Mathematics - Probability, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract: We study the two-dimensional stochastic nonlinear heat equation (SNLH) and stochastic damped nonlinear wave equation (SdNLW) with an exponential nonlinearity $\lambda\beta e^{\beta u }$, forced by an additive space-time white noise. We prove local and global well-posedness of these equations, depending on the sign of $\lambda$ and the size of $\beta^2 > 0$, and invariance of the associated Gibbs measures. See the abstract of the paper for a more precise abstract. (Due to the limit on the number of characters for an abstract set by arXiv, the full abstract can not be displayed here.), Comment: 70 pages. To appear in Comm. Math. Phys. Minor typos corrected
Published: 2021

19. Economic drivers of public procurement‐related protection

Author: Anne-Célia Disdier, Lionel Fontagné, Enxhi Tresa, Paris School of Economics (PSE), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PJSE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Théorie économique, modélisation et applications (THEMA), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)
Subjects: Economics and Econometrics, [QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin], 05 social sciences, International economics, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Protectionism, Gross domestic product, Procurement, Accounting, 0502 economics and business, Political Science and International Relations, Economics, 050207 economics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Finance, 050205 econometrics
Abstract: International audience; Public procurement represents a substantial share of gross domestic product (GDP) in many countries, and is notoriously home-biased as a result of often opaque practices. However, little is known about the determinants of restrictions on public procurement policies. To explore this issue, we map information from the Global Trade Alert (GTA) database on regulatory obstacles to public procurement alongside international trade flows at the country pair-product level and applied bilateral tariffs. Considering the universe of restrictions introduced over the period 2009-2016 by importers on exporters and products, we highlight three novel facts. First, the main foreign providers are not the most targeted, suggesting long-term contractual relationships between buyers and sellers in public markets. Second, the ear of retaliation is alleviating the protectionist pressure in the importer country. Third, we document substitutability between public procurement restrictions and tariffs.
Published: 2021

20. Optimal responsiveness and information flow in networks of heterogeneous neurons

Author: Matteo di Volo, Alain Destexhe, CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation (LPTM - UMR 8089), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), and Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Computer science, Science, Models, Neurological, Stability (learning theory), Action Potentials, Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, 01 natural sciences, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0103 physical sciences, Dynamical systems, Humans, Computer Simulation, 010306 general physics, Network model, Cerebral Cortex, Neurons, Computational model, Multidisciplinary, Network models, Artificial neural network, Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition, Information processing, Asynchronous communication, Medicine, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Nerve Net, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Heterogeneous network
Abstract: Cerebral cortex is characterized by a strong neuron-to-neuron heterogeneity, but it is unclear what consequences this may have for cortical computations, while most computational models consider networks of identical units. Here, we study network models of spiking neurons endowed with heterogeneity, that we treat independently for excitatory and inhibitory neurons. We find that heterogeneous networks are generally more responsive, with an optimal responsiveness occurring for levels of heterogeneity found experimentally in different published datasets, for both excitatory and inhibitory neurons. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, we introduce a mean-field model of heterogeneous networks. This mean-field model captures optimal responsiveness and suggests that it is related to the stability of the spontaneous asynchronous state. The mean-field model also predicts that new dynamical states can emerge from heterogeneity, a prediction which is confirmed by network simulations. Finally we show that heterogeneous networks maximise the information flow in large-scale networks, through recurrent connections. We conclude that neuronal heterogeneity confers different responsiveness to neural networks, which should be taken into account to investigate their information processing capabilities.
Published: 2021

21. Coordination et Communication Stratégique

Author: Le Treust, Mael, mEasuRing and ManagIng Network operation and Economic (ERMINE), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-RÉSEAUX, TÉLÉCOMMUNICATION ET SERVICES (IRISA-D2), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes (ETIS - UMR 8051), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), CY Cergy Paris Université, Jean-Marie Gorce, and Le Treust, Maël
Subjects: Théorie des Jeux, Game Theory, [INFO.INFO-GT]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Science and Game Theory [cs.GT], [INFO.INFO-IT]Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT], [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, [INFO.INFO-GT] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Science and Game Theory [cs.GT], Information Theory, Théorie de l'Information, [INFO.INFO-IT] Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT], [SHS.INFO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences
Abstract: This HDR manuscript presents recent Information-Theoretic tools that bring new insights into Game Theoretical problems, such as the coordination of players’ actions and the processing of strategic information. Although Information Theory and Game Theory have distinct fields of application, these two theories rely on similar mathematical tools. Such problems arise for the design of autonomous devices and for the study of the behavior of rational agents. New generations of communication networks involve devices that take decisions with greater autonomy. These machines observe their environment, interact, cooperate with other machines or with humans, adapt dynamically to their environment and to the topology of the network. The lossy source coding theorem of Shannon (1959) is the cornerstone of our study. Given a communication capacity constraint, this theorem characterizes the optimal coding scheme to compress an information source. The coding performances are evaluated via a fidelity criterion which we interpret as a cost function to be minimized. We revisit this coding problem by adopting a Game-Theoretical point of view, in which each player optimizes his own cost function which depends on the actions of other players. First, we investigate the capacity of an encoder and a decoder to coordinate their actions with the symbols of an information source. For this purpose, the action sequence of the encoder encapsulates a degraded version of the source symbols, which serves to coordinate the future actions of the decoder. We characterize the solutions of several instances of the coordination problem in Chap. IV, and in Chap. V, we extend these results in several directions, i.e. for channel state leakage problems, for decentralized control problems and for strong coordination problems. The strategic nature of the information transmission is studied in Chap. VI when the communication is passed through a noisy channel. We consider that the encoder commits to implementing a signalling strategy before it observes the source symbols, as in the Bayesian persuasion game. As perspectives, we will study the impact of communication constraints on the transmission of strategic information in mechanism design problems, as in Jackson and Sonnenschein (2007), and in cheap talk games, see Crawford and Sobel (1982). Another direction of research consists in deepening optimization problems that arise in strategic coding, by using tools from Graph Theory and Convex Optimization. We believe that these results will also bring a new point of view on open problems in repeated games with imperfect observation and incomplete information. The goal is to build a theory that encompasses the standard coding results in Information Theory, and the results for the sender-receiver games., Ce manuscrit d’HDR présente des résultats récents de Théorie de l’Information qui apportent un éclairage nouveau sur des problèmes de Théorie des Jeux, tels que la coordination des actions des joueurs ou le traitement de l’information stratégique. Bien que la Théorie de l’Information et la Théorie des Jeux aient des champs d’application distincts, ces deux théories s’appuient sur des outils mathématiques similaires. Les problèmes de coordination et d’information stratégique se posent pour la conception de réseaux d’appareils autonomes et pour l’étude du comportement d’agents rationnels. Les nouvelles générations de réseaux de communication intègrent des appareils qui prennent des décisions avec une plus grande autonomie. Ces machines observent leur environnement, interagissent, coopèrent avec d’autres machines ou avec des humains, s’adaptent dynamiquement à leur environnement et à la topologie du réseau. Le théorème de codage de source avec perte de Shannon (1959) est la pierre angulaire de notre étude. Étant donnée une contrainte de capacité de communication, ce théorème caractérise le schéma de codage optimal pour compresser une source d’information. Les performances du codage sont évaluées via un critère de fidélité que nous interprétons comme une fonction de coût à minimiser. Nous revisitons ce problème de codage en adoptant le point de vue de la Théorie des Jeux, dans lequel chaque joueur optimise sa propre fonction de coût qui dépend des actions des autres joueurs. Tout d’abord, nous étudions la capacité d’un encodeur et d’un décodeur à coordonner leurs actions avec les symboles générés par une source d’information. A cet effet, la suite d’actions de l’encodeur encapsule une version dégradée des symboles de source, qui sert à coordonner les futures actions du décodeur. Nous caractérisons les solutions de plusieurs instances du problème de coordination au Chap. IV, et au Chap. V, nous étendons ces résultats dans plusieurs directions, pour des problèmes de fuite d’état de canal, pour des problèmes de contrôle décentralisé et pour des problèmes de coordination forte. Le caractère stratégique de la transmission de l’information est étudié au Chap. VI lorsque les joueurs communiquent à travers un canal bruité. Nous considérons un encodeur s’engage à mettre en œuvre une stratégie, avant que les symboles de sources soient tirés, comme dans le jeu de persuasion Bayésienne. En guise de perspectives, nous étudierons l’impact des contraintes de communication sur la transmission d’informations stratégiques dans les problèmes de “mechanism design” de Jackson and Sonnenschein (2007), et dans les jeux de “cheap talk” de Crawford and Sobel (1982). Une autre direction de recherche consiste à approfondir les problèmes d’optimisation qui apparaissent pour le codage stratégique, en utilisant des outils issus de la Théorie des Graphes et de l’Optimisation Convexe. Nous pensons que ces résultats apporteront un point de vue nouveau sur les problèmes ouverts en jeux répétés avec observation imparfaite et information incomplète. L’objectif est de construire une théorie qui englobe les résultats de codage standard en théorie de l’information et les résultats pour les jeux “sender-receiver”.
Published: 2022

22. Les concepts de la métrologie dans l'enseignement supérieur en biologie: Analyse de supports de travaux dirigés et pratiques en Licence

Author: Régent-Kloeckner, Myriam, Maisch, Clément, Daussy, Christophe, CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de Didactique André Revuz (LDAR (URP_4434)), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Lille-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de Didactique André Revuz (LDAR (EA_4434)), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)
Subjects: [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mesure, Biologie, Métrologie, Enseignement supérieur
Abstract: International audience; Les sciences de la nature se construisent en relation avec l'observation qualitative etquantitative du monde qui nous entoure dans différentes situations expérimentales. Lemesurage et les mesures obtenues permettent d'objectiver ces observations mais nécessite dedéfinir les grandeurs étudiées. Or, les caractéristiques observables dépendent de la naturedes objets eux-mêmes et du questionnement théorique sous-jacent aux observations. Ladéfinition, les opérations et l'interprétation des mesures sont donc a priori dépendantes desspécificités disciplinaires. Centraux dans la recherche scientifique, le mesurage et la mesurele sont a priori aussi dans les enseignements scientifiques de la maternelle au supérieur. Danscette étude exploratoire, nous cherchons à identifier et analyser les concepts et méthodesrelevant de la métrologie qui sont mobilisés dans des enseignements de premier cycleuniversitaire de biologie (licence). Ce travail sera conduit au travers de l'exploitation dessupports écrits fournis aux étudiants pour les travaux dirigés et pratiques.
Published: 2022

23. A universal predictive and mechanistic urinary peptide signature in acute kidney injury

Author: Piedrafita, Alexis, Siwy, Justyna, Klein, Julie, Akkari, Amal, Amaya-Garrido, Ana, Mebazaa, Alexandre, Sanz, Anna Belen, Breuil, Benjamin, Montero Herrero, Laura, Marcheix, Bertrand, Depret, François, Fernandez, Lucie, Tardif, Elsa, Minville, Vincent, Alves, Melinda, Metzger, Jochen, Grunenwald, Etienne, Feuillet, Guylène, Buléon, Marie, Brunet, Manon, Mayeur, Nicolas, Casemayou, Audrey, Labaste, François, Grossac, Julia, Mischak, Harald, Ortiz, Alberto, Gazut, Stéphane, Schanstra, Joost, Faguer, Stanislas, Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'organes [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Urologie - Néphrologie - Dialyse - Transplantations - Brûlés - Chirurgie plastique - Explorations fonctionnelles et physiologiques [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire Sciences des Données et de la Décision (LS2D), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut des Humanités numériques (IDHN), Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes (ETIS - UMR 8051), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Lexiques, Textes, Discours, Dictionnaire - Centre Jean Pruvost (LT2D), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Laboratoire Mobilités, Réseaux, Territoires, Environnements (MRTE - EA 4112), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Laboratoire AGORA (AGORA - EA 7392), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Hôpitaux Universitaires Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand-Widal, Marqueurs cardiovasculaires en situation de stress (MASCOT (UMR_S_942 / U942)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Service Anesthésie - Hôpital des enfants [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation [CHU de Toulouse], Mosaiques Diagnostics (GmbH), Mosaique Diagnostics, Service Chirurgie Cardio-Vasculaire [CHU Toulouse] (CCV), Pôle Cardiovasculaire et Métabolique [CHU Toulouse], French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), ANR‐18‐PERM‐0003, and ANR-21-CE14-0013,CALPROTECT,Rôle de la calprotectine dans la calcification vasculaire associée à l'insuffisance rénale(2021)
Subjects: kidney, classification, peptide signature, statistical analysis, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], biomarker, acute kidney injury (AKI), signal processing, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Abstract: Background The delayed diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) episodes and the lack of specificity of current single AKI biomarkers hamper its management. Urinary peptidome analysis may help to identify early molecular changes in AKI and grasp its complexity to identify potential targetable molecular pathways. Methods In derivation and validation cohorts totalizing 1170 major cardiac bypass surgery patients and in an external cohort of 1569 intensive care unit (ICU) patients, a peptide-based score predictive of AKI (7-day KDIGO classification) was developed, validated, and compared to the reference biomarker urinary NGAL and NephroCheck and clinical scores. Results A set of 204 urinary peptides derived from 48 proteins related to hemolysis, inflammation, immune cells trafficking, innate immunity, and cell growth and survival was identified and validated for the early discrimination (p p p Conclusions An overarching AKI physiopathology-driven urinary peptide signature shows significant promise for identifying, at an early stage, patients who will progress to AKI and thus to develop tailored treatments for this frequent and life-threatening condition. Performance of the urine peptide signature is as high as or higher than that of single biomarkers but adds mechanistic information that may help to discriminate sub-phenotypes of AKI offering new therapeutic avenues.
Published: 2022

24. How electroactive polymer can be used for cochlear implants micro-robotization?

Author: Itawi, Ahmad, Ghenna, Sofiane, Tourrel, Guillaume, Grondel, Sébastien, Plesse, Cedric, Nguyen, Giao Tran Minh, Vidal, Frederic, Adagolodjo, Yinoussa, Xun, Lingxiao, Zheng, Gang, Kruszewski, Alexandre, Duriez, Christian, Cattan, Eric, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Matériaux et Acoustiques pour MIcro et NAno systèmes intégrés - IEMN (MAMINA - IEMN), INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), ROBOCOP, TWINNIMS, Renatech Network, CMNF, ANR-19-CE19-0026,ROBOCOP,robotisation de l'implant cochléaire(2019), European Project: 857263,H2020-EU.4.b.,TWINNIMS(2019), GHENNA, Sofiane, robotisation de l'implant cochléaire - - ROBOCOP2019 - ANR-19-CE19-0026 - AAPG2019 - VALID, and Increasing the scientific excellence and technological innovation capacity in Functional Materials for Medical Devices and Robotics of the University of Tartu - TWINNIMS - 2019-11-01 - 2022-10-30 - 857263 - VALID
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics]
Abstract: International audience; ISSUE : Cochlear implant is for people with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. Currently, the most difficult task during implant surgery is inserting the electrode array properly into the tympanic ramp of the patient's cochlea. Problem solving: New prototype with low stiffness and with on electronically conductive polymer (ECP) based micro-actuators to reduce friction forces allows better control of insertion process, facilitate the work of surgeon and decrease the probability of trauma.
Published: 2022

25. Inhibitory neurons stabilise the formation of neural assemblies via adaptation and selective stimuli

Author: Bergoin, Raphaël, Zamora-López, Gorka, Torcini, Alessandro, Quoy, Mathias, Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes (ETIS - UMR 8051), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation (LPTM - UMR 8089), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Image & Pervasive Access Lab (IPAL), National University of Singapore (NUS)-Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institute for Infocomm Research - I²R [Singapore], GDR Robotique, ANR-18-CE37-0014,ERMUNDY,Réduction exacte de la dynamique neuronale multi-échelle(2018), European Project: 945539,H2020,H2020-SGA-FETFLAG-HBP-2019,HBP SGA3(2020), Quoy, Mathias, APPEL À PROJETS GÉNÉRIQUE 2018 - Réduction exacte de la dynamique neuronale multi-échelle - - ERMUNDY2018 - ANR-18-CE37-0014 - AAPG2018 - VALID, Bergoin, Raphaël, and Human Brain Project Specific Grant Agreement 3 - HBP SGA3 - - H20202020-01-01 - 2023-09-30 - 945539 - VALID
Subjects: coupled oscillator, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Memory, Modular structure, [INFO.INFO-NE] Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], Inhibitory neurons, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], adaptation, [INFO] Computer Science [cs], [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], synchronization, STDP
Abstract: International audience; We investigate the role of inhibition in structuring new neural assemblies following a learning phase in the brain. Although many studies have been devoted to this subject, few of them have considered the specific role of inhibitory neurons. Therefore, this work aims at studying the impact of inhibition in adaptive neural networks. In particular we focus on the role of synchronized dynamics for the creation and maintenance of structural modules in the brain circuits. Specifically, we considered an excitatory-inhibitory neural network made of θ-neurons with plastic Hebbian synapses. The learning process is mimicked by stimulating different areas of the network with temporal alternating external stimuli. This stimulation process leads to the emergence of modular structures. Then, the network dynamics is analysed after the learning phase revealing the maintenance of co-active neural assemblies over the long term. We show that the presence of inhibitory neurons controls the emergence of the modular structures and their maintenance in the resting phase following the learning period. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the number of inhibitory neurons in the network is directly related to the maximal number of neural assemblies that can be maintained. These results support the idea that inhibition has a direct impact on the memory capacity of a neural network.
Published: 2022

26. Studying and monitoring of dyeing cotton fabrics via sol-gel method

Author: Aaboub, Tarik, Boukhriss, Aicha, Werts, Martinus H. V., Cherkaoui, Omar, Gmouh, Said, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie et Matériaux [Casablanca] (LIMAT), Faculté des Sciences Ben M'sik [Casablanca], Université Hassan II [Casablanca] (UH2MC)-Université Hassan II [Casablanca] (UH2MC), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire REMTEX, ESITH, Université de Rennes (UR), Instrumentation et Imagerie (SATIE-II), Systèmes d'Information et d'Analyse Multi-Echelles (SATIE-SIAME), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), and AABOUB, Tarik
Subjects: [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

27. Chloride Binding Modulated by Anion Receptors Bearing Tetrazine and Urea

Author: Romain Plais, Guy Gouarin, Amélie Bournier, Olfa Zayene, Vanessa Mussard, Flavien Bourdreux, Jérome Marrot, Arnaud Brosseau, Anne Gaucher, Gilles Clavier, Jean‐Yves Salpin, Damien Prim, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (ILV), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Analyse, Modélisation et Matériaux pour la Biologie et l'Environnement (LAMBE - UMR 8587), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires (PPSM), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay), and Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)
Subjects: [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, [CHIM.CHEM]Chemical Sciences/Cheminformatics
Abstract: International audience; Modulation and fine-tuning of the strength of weak interactions to bind anions are described in a series of synthetic receptors. The general design of the receptors includes both a urea motif and a tetrazine motif. The synthetic sequence towards three receptors is detailed. Impacts of H-bond strength and linker length between urea and tetrazine on chloride complexation are studied. Binding properties of the chloride anion are examined in both the ground and excited states using a panel of analytical methods (NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, UV/Visible spectroscopies, and fluorescence). A ranking of the receptors by complexation strength has been determined, allowing a better understanding of the structure-properties relationship on these compounds.
Published: 2022

28. Universités : sortir de la pauvreté sans privatiser

Author: Robert Gary-Bobo, Alain Trannoy, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - École d'économie de la Sorbonne (UP1 UFR02), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne (CES), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CREST-THEMA, Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique (CREST), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Théorie économique, modélisation et applications (THEMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Center for Economic Policy Research (CEPR), CEPR, École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE Paris), Aix-Marseille Sciences Economiques (AMSE), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: General Medicine, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

29. The December 2016 extreme weather and particulate matter pollution episode in the Paris region (France)

Author: G. Foret, V. Michoud, S. Kotthaus, J.-E. Petit, A. Baudic, G. Siour, Y. Kim, J.-F. Doussin, J.-C. Dupont, P. Formenti, C. Gaimoz, V. Ghersi, A. Gratien, V. Gros, J.-L. Jaffrezo, M. Haeffelin, M. Kreitz, F. Ravetta, K. Sartelet, L. Simon, Y. Té, G. Uzu, S. Zhang, O. Favez, M. Beekmann, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), École polytechnique (X), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AIRPARIF - Surveillance de la qualité de l'air en Île-de-France, Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Environnement Atmosphérique (CEREA), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Ecole Nationale de la Météorologie (ENM), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Météo-France, TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), ATMO Hauts de France [Lille], LCSQA - Laboratoire Central de Surveillance de la Qualité de l’Air, ANR-15-IDEX-0002,UGA,IDEX UGA(2015), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Météo-France, Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)
Subjects: Premature death, Atmospheric Science, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Particulate Matter, General Environmental Science, Air Quality
Abstract: International audience; Highlights• Study of an intense winter episode of particulate pollution in the Paris region.• Exceptional stagnant conditions explain the highest concentrations.• Organic matter of local origin dominates the chemical composition of the particles with also a strong nitrate component from traffic.• Significant values of oxidative potential are observed.
Published: 2022

30. Making UME research accessible and meaningful to the Mathematics community: A Special Issue commentary

Author: Michèle, Artigue, Nardi, Elena, Laboratoire de Didactique André Revuz (LDAR (URP_4434)), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Lille-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Lille-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)
Subjects: [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [MATH]Mathematics [math]
Abstract: Commentary to the ÉpiDEMES Special Issue aims to offer accessible accounts of University MathematicsEducation (UME) research to the Mathematics community
Published: 2022

31. L’expérience étudiante en orientation : analyse par focus groups auprès d’étudiant·es en situation de handicap

Author: Soidet, Isabelle, Gouédard, Catherine, Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale (LAPPS), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Conception, Création, Compétences, Usages (C3U), Laboratoire Paragraphe (PARAGRAPHE), and Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)
Subjects: power to act, expérience étudiante, focus group, reflexivity, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, guidance path, réflexivité, pouvoir d’agir, student experience, handicap, orientation
Abstract: International audience; From a social justice perspective, the research had two objectives : (1) to explore the guidance experience of students with disabilities, (2) to examine how setting up collective sessions questioning this experience could promote identity development. Two focus groups bringing together students with disabilities were organized in two french universities. Anchored in a socio-constructivist perspective, the diachronic analysis of the corpus made it possible to identify the dialogical movements of each focus group, the processes of co-construction based on selected extracts from interactional episodes, and in this context the obstacles encountered and the constructed resources, but also the dominant interactive dynamic. The results underline that the orientation experience of the target public is, in certain aspects, singular (weight of health-related events, temporality of the path, identity construction). They also show that the focus group method, developing and reshaping the experience, is likely to deploy the power to act.; Dans une perspective de justice sociale, la recherche visait deux objectifs : (1) explorer l’expérience en orientation d’étudiant·es en situation de handicap, (2) examiner en quoi mettre en place des séances collectives interrogeant cette expérience pouvait favoriser le développement identitaire. Deux focus groups avec des étudiant·es en situation de handicap ont ainsi été organisés dans deux universités françaises. Ancrée dans une perspective socioconstructiviste, l’analyse diachronique du corpus a permis d’identifier les mouvements dialogiques de chaque focus group, les processus de co-construction à partir d’extraits choisis d’épisodes interactionnels, et dans ce cadre les obstacles rencontrés et les ressources construites, mais aussi la dynamique interactive dominante. Les résultats soulignent que l’expérience en orientation du public cible est, sur certains aspects, singulière (poids des évènements liés à la santé, temporalité du parcours, construction identitaire). Ils montrent aussi que la méthode du focus group, développant et remodelant l’expérience, est susceptible de déployer le pouvoir d’agir.
Published: 2022

32. On computing evidential centroid through conjunctive combination: an impossibility theorem

Author: Yiru Zhang, Sébastien Destercke, Zuowei Zhang, Tassadit Bouadi, Arnaud Martin, Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes (ETIS - UMR 8051), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Multimedia Indexation and Data Integration (MIDI), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Heuristique et Diagnostic des Systèmes Complexes [Compiègne] (Heudiasyc), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Declarative & Reliable management of Uncertain, user-generated Interlinked Data (DRUID), GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Large Scale Collaborative Data Mining (LACODAM), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: combination rules, Artificial Intelligence, metric, k-centroid clustering, [INFO.INFO-MA]Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA], Theory of belief functions, uncertainty reasoning, [INFO.INFO-SI]Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI], Computer Science Applications, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract: International audience; The theory of belief functions (TBF) is now a widespread framework to deal and reason with uncertain and imprecise information, in particular to solve information fusion and clustering problems. Combination functions (rules) and distances are essential tools common to both the clustering and information fusion problems in the context of TBF, which have generated considerable literature. Distances and combination between evidence corpus of TBF are indeed often used within various clustering and classification algorithms, however their interplay and connections have seldom been investigated, which is the topic of this paper. More precisely, we focus on the problem of aggregating evidence corpus to obtain a representative one, and we show through an impossibility theorem that in this case, there is a fundamental contradiction between the use of conjunctive combination rules on the one hand, and the use of distances on the other hand. Rather than adding new methodologies, such results are instrumental in guiding the user among the many methodologies that already exist. To illustrate the interest of our results, we discuss different cases where they are at play. Impact Statement-Within the theory of belief functions, both distances and conjunctive combination rules can be used to achieve very similar purposes: evaluating the conflict between sources, performing supervised or unsupervised learning in presence of evidential information, or more simply obtaining a synthetic representation of multiple items of information. However, the results obtained by both approaches may show some inconsistency between them. This paper provides some insight as to why this may happen, showing that the two approaches are definitely at odds, and that using distances is, for instance, incompatible with some fundamental notions of the theory of belief functions, such as the least commitment principle. We illustrate the importance of the studied differences on problems such as k-centroid clustering, and discuss the importance of interpretations in such problems, which is rarely done in the literature.
Published: 2022

33. Dual Nanostructured Lipid Carriers/Hydrogel System for Delivery of Curcumin for Topical Skin Applications

Author: Virginie Gueguen, Violeta Rodriguez-Ruiz, Pietro Matricardi, Rosa Calderon-Jacinto, EMMANUEL PAUTHE, Graciela Pavon-Djavid, Rodriguez-Ruiz, Violeta, Equipe de recherche sur les relations matrice extracellulaire-cellules (ERRMECe), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Laboratoire de Recherche Vasculaire Translationnelle (LVTS (UMR_S_1148 / U1148)), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord
Subjects: Drug Carriers, [CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Curcumin, Hydrogels, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, [SDV.SP.PG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Galenic pharmacology, Biochemistry, Lipids, Nanostructures, nanostructured lipid carriers, curcumin, hydrogel, oxidative stress, skin applications, topical, drug delivery, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, antioxidants, [SDV.SP.PG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Galenic pharmacology, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Skin
Abstract: This work focuses on the development and evaluation of a dual nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC)/Carbopol®-based hydrogel system as a potential transporter for the topical delivery of curcumin to the skin. Two populations of different sized negatively charged NLCs (P1, 70–90 nm and P2, 300–350 nm) were prepared and characterized by means of dynamic light scattering. NLCs presented an ovoid platelet shape confirmed by transmission electron microscopy techniques. Curcumin NLC entrapment efficiency and release profiles were assessed by HPLC (high pressure liquid chromatography) and spectrophotometric methods. Preservation and enhancement of curcumin (CUR) antioxidant activity in NLCs (up to 7-fold) was established and cell viability assays on fibroblasts and keratinocytes indicated that CUR-NLCs are non-cytotoxic for concentrations up to 10 μM and exhibited a moderate anti-migration/proliferation effect (20% gap reduction). CUR-NLCs were then embedded in a Carbopol®-based hydrogel without disturbing the mechanical properties of the gel. Penetration studies on Franz diffusion cells over 24 h in CUR-NLCs and CUR-NLCs/gels demonstrated an accumulation of CUR in Strat-M® membranes of 22% and 5%, respectively. All presented data support the use of this new dual CUR-NLC/hydrogel system as a promising candidate for adjuvant treatment in topical dermal applications.
Published: 2022
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34. Evaluation of the environmental benefits of energy management systems based on a realistic classification of French households - application to heating management systems

Author: Wagner, Alexis, Heinrich, Matthias, Ruellan, Marie, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Laboratoire Techniques, Territoires et Sociétés (LATTS), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Composants et Systèmes pour l'Energie Electrique (SATIE-CSEE), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), and Ruellan, Marie
Subjects: [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract: International audience; The development of home automation systems requires more environmental assessments to be consistent with policies aiming at reducing domestic energy consumption. This work makes an original contribution to the literature by presenting a methodology for finding an environmentally optimal hardware selection strategy. It is applied to case studies that are representative of household and housing situations in France. Assessing the environmental benefits of energy management systems raises two major issues: the estimation of the environmental impacts of the systems and the calculation of the heating energy consumption. In this work we investigate the environmental impacts in terms of greenhouse gas emissions (in kgCO2,eq) and primary energy consumption (in kWhpe). We propose to quantify the environmental benefits of such systems by balancing the life cycle impacts of the added control system against the associated reduction in heating requirement. The simulation of the heating requirement is performed using the dynamic thermal simulation software STD-COMFIE. We use household, housing and behavioural archetypes from the literature, which allows us to study fictitious households representative of segments of French households. The methodology for calculating environmental benefits is applied to three case studies with four different heating control systems. This paper concludes that there is a system minimising the impacts depending on the case study and the observed impact. All in all, a more complex management system systematically improves thermal outcomes but does not necessarily reduce the environmental impacts.
Published: 2022

35. Out-of-Equilibrium Measurements of Kinetic Constants on a Biosensor

Author: Donatien Mottin, Marie-Caroline Jullien, Florence Razan, Claude Nogues, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de biologie et pharmacologie appliquée (LBPA), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), ANR-18-CE09-0029, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universit? de Rennes 1, R?gion Bretagne, ENS de Rennes, Rennes M?tropole, and ANR-18-CE09-0029,ILIAAD,Films liquides nano : dynamique et stabilité de systèmes diphasiques(2018)
Subjects: Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Flow (psychology), Thermodynamics, Biosensing Techniques, Surface Plasmon Resonance, 010402 general chemistry, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), 0104 chemical sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Dilution, Kinetics, Sample volume, Reaction rate constant, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], Surface plasmon resonance, Biosensor
Abstract: International audience; Conventional measurements of kinetic constants currently in use are performed at equilibrium and may require large volumes, especially at low association rate constant k on. If the measurements are made out of equilibrium, the values obtained may be biased by dilution of the sample with the flow of the running buffer. In some applications, the available sample volume can be very critical and requires the developmentof tools to measure kinetic constants with low volumes. In this paper, through ex-perimental, numerical simulation and a modeling combined approach, we propose aSPR-based method that relies on an out-of-equilibrium measurement, using the effectof dilution by flow to its advantage. This new method should have a significant impactin biochemistry and medical research
Published: 2021

36. Nonlinear elliptic equations with measure valued absorption potentials

Author: Laurent Veron, Nicolas Saintier, Analyse, Géométrie et Modélisation (AGM - UMR 8088), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Physique Théorique (LMPT), Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Well-posed problem, Pure mathematics, potential estimates, 010102 general mathematics, θ-regular measures, Absolute continuity, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), Domain (mathematical analysis), Theoretical Computer Science, 010101 applied mathematics, symbols.namesake, Elliptic curve, Mathematics (miscellaneous), Morrey class, Dirichlet boundary condition, Bounded function, Radon measure, symbols, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Radon measures, 0101 mathematics, capacities, Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; We study the semilinear elliptic equation −∆u + g(u)σ = µ with Dirichlet boundary conditions in a smooth bounded domain where σ is a nonnegative Radon measure, µ a Radon measure and g is an absorbing nonlinearity. We show that the problem is well posed if we assume that σ belongs to some Morrey class. Under this condition we give a general existence result for any bounded measure provided g satisfies a subcritical integral assumption. We study also the supercritical case when g(r) = |r| q−1 r, with q > 1 and µ satisfies an absolute continuity condition expressed in terms of some capacities involving σ. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 35 J 61; 31 B 15; 28 C 05 .
Published: 2021

37. Nanostructured Conjugated Polymer for Solar Cell Applications

Author: Emilie Dauzon, Thanh‐Tuan Bui, Frédéric Dumur, Guillaume Noirbent, Cédric Vancaeyzeele, Fabrice Goubard, Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Conductive polymer, Materials science, Nanowire, Nanotechnology, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Polymer, Conjugated system, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Active layer, law.invention, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, law, Nanofiber, Solar cell, Copolymer, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

38. Le problème public du harcèlement de rue : dynamiques de publicisation et de pénalisation d’une cause féministe

Author: Carole Gayet-Viaud, Mischa Dekker, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherches sociologiques sur le droit et les institutions pénales (CESDIP), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay-Ministère de la Justice-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Ministère de la Justice-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)
Subjects: Cultural Studies, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, Sociology and Political Science, Social Psychology, 0602 languages and literature, 05 social sciences, 050602 political science & public administration, 06 humanities and the arts, [SHS.GENRE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Gender studies, 060202 literary studies, Law, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0506 political science
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

39. Study of Coordination Between Patients with Schizophrenia and Socially Assistive Robot During Physical Activity

Author: Ghiles Mostafaoui, Richard Schmidt, Delphine Capdevielle, Julie Boiché, Chloé Amiel, Hélène Serré, Lise Aubin, Ludovic Marin, Maelane Hellouin de Menibus, Stéphane Raffard, Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes (ETIS - UMR 8051), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), EuroMov - Digital Health in Motion (Euromov DHM), IMT - MINES ALES (IMT - MINES ALES), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Euromov (EuroMov), Université de Montpellier (UM), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), GIPSA Pôle Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-PPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), CHU Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Dynamique des capacités humaines et des conduites de santé (EPSYLON), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), College of the Holy Cross, and CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, General Computer Science, Social Psychology, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Interpersonal communication, Human–robot interaction, Synchronization, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 050107 human factors, Physical activity, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Robotics, Robotic, Human-Computer Interaction, Philosophy, Control and Systems Engineering, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Schizophrenia, Robot, Artificial intelligence, Psychology, business, Intrapersonal communication, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: This work was funding by local grant (Clinical research funding from CHU Montpellier), CNRS RHIAPS Project and DGA (Direction Générale des Armées).; International audience; The goal of this study was to analyze the interpersonal coordination of patients suffering from schizophrenia (SZ) using a humanoid robot NAO. NAO was controlled by a neurally-inspired model that enables motions synchronization between robot and human. Using a robot has the advantage in that it can be modified and controlled without being influenced by the human with whom they are interacting. More specifically, we were interested in non-intentional interpersonal coordination which has been found in previous studies to be preserved for SZ. We performed an experiment in which we asked patients and control participants to jointly perform fitness movements with the robot which was programmed to either synchronize with the human (a bidirectional condition) or move at a fixed frequency with them (a unidirectional condition). We showed that non-intentional interpersonal coordination was preserved for SZ during Human/Robot interaction (as for human/human interaction). Also, the best synchronization, stability and the best performance in term of speed were obtained with the bidirectional condition. Our results showed that, in this specific context of an interaction at preferential frequency of subject, there were only a few differences between SZ and controls in terms of interpersonal synchronization skills. Nevertheless, we observed more variability for SZ which could partly be explained by the weaker intrapersonal coordination that they exhibited.
Published: 2021

40. 4D smart porous scaffolds based on the polyHIPE architecture and electroactive PEDOT

Author: Cédric Plesse, A. Ferrández-Montero, B. Carlier, C. Vancaeyzeele, J. Leroy-Dudal, R. Agniel, Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), and Equipe de recherche sur les relations matrice extracellulaire-cellules (ERRMECe)
Subjects: Conductive polymer, Fabrication, Materials science, Biocompatibility, Nanotechnology, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, PEDOT:PSS, Materials Chemistry, Electroactive polymers, Surface modification, 0210 nano-technology, Porosity, Porous medium
Abstract: 3D porous polymeric materials have a wide range of applications and can be obtained from different approaches as passive materials, permanently set after fabrication. Stimuli-responsive materials give the opportunity to implement a 4th dimension to these materials, providing dynamic characteristics due to the changes in their shape, morphology, pore size or mechanical properties under external stimulation. In this work, the functionalization of 3D scaffolds with an electroactive polymer, the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxthiophene) (PEDOT), has been explored. This conductive polymer which is responsive to electrical stimulation appears as a convenient trigger for several applications, due to its ease of integration and control and its biocompatibility. 3D porous materials based on polymerized high internal phase emulsion (polyHIPE) have been successfully prepared through emulsion templating, leading to materials with highly interconnected and open porosity. The polyHIPE composition is chosen to provide soft and compliant scaffolds, compatible with the functionalization, electrochemical stimulation and electromechanical deformation of PEDOT. The polyHIPE walls are then functionalized homogeneously with PEDOT without any pore obstruction, conferring excellent electrical and electromechanical properties to the porous material. The resulting 4D smart electroactive polyHIPE demonstrates a porosity variation of 10% in the PBS electrolyte under an electrical stimulation of ±0.8 V. These 4D PolyHIPE/PEDOT electroactive scaffolds pave the way for the development of smart and multifunctional 4D materials for numerous applications, especially in the fields of biomedical devices and cell culture platforms.
Published: 2021

41. La mesure et le mesurage en biologie -- Étude de travaux dirigés et pratiques en Licence

Author: Régent-Kloeckner, Myriam, Maisch, Clément, Daussy, Christophe, Laboratoire de Didactique André Revuz (LDAR (URP_4434)), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Lille-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), and Régent-Kloeckner, Myriam
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [PHYS] Physics [physics]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

42. Dispositif de co-développement pour favoriser l'appropriation de l'APC dans une formation de Bachelor Universitaire de Technologie (BUT)

Author: Tariba, Rajae, Tardif, Jacques, Dang Ngoc, Tuyêt Trâm, Couchot-Schiex, Sigolène, Grand-Chavin, Valérie, CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes (ETIS - UMR 8051), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Département des Sciences Informatiques de l'université de Cergy-Pontoise, Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine, and Dang-Ngoc, Tuyet-Tram
Subjects: [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

43. Trade-off between tree planting and wetland conservation in China

Author: Yi Xi, Shushi Peng, Gang Liu, Agnès Ducharne, Philippe Ciais, Catherine Prigent, Xinyu Li, Xutao Tang, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University [Beijing], Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LERMA Cergy (LERMA), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), and The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 41830643 and 41722101), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0500203). P.C. acknowledges support from the ANR CLAND convergence institute. We are grateful for the computational resources provided by the High-performance Computing Platform of Peking University’s supercomputing facility.
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, China, Conservation of Natural Resources, Multidisciplinary, Wetlands, General Physics and Astronomy, General Chemistry, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Ecosystem, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Trees
Abstract: Trade-offs between tree planting programs and wetland conservation are unclear. Here, we employ satellite-derived inundation data and a process-based land surface model (ORCHIDEE-Hillslope) to investigate the impacts of tree planting on wetland dynamics in China for 2000–2016 and the potential impacts of near-term tree planting activities for 2017–2035. We find that 160,000–190,000 km2(25.3–25.6%) of historical tree planting over wetland grid cells has resulted in 1,300–1,500 km2(0.3–0.4%) net wetland loss. Compared to moist southern regions, the dry northern and western regions show a much higher sensitivity of wetland reduction to tree planting. With most protected wetlands in China located in the drier northern and western basins, continuing tree planting scenarios are projected to lead to a > 10% wetland loss relative to 2000 across 4–8 out of 38 national wetland nature reserves. Our work shows how spatial optimization can help the balance of tree planting and wetland conservation targets.
Published: 2022

44. Approches sémiotiques en didactique des sciences

Author: Houdement, Catherine Y., Cécile de Hosson, Christophe Hache, Laboratoire de Didactique André Revuz (LDAR (URP_4434)), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Lille-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), de Hosson, Cécile, and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Lille-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université de Paris (UP)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)
Subjects: [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; "Approches sémiotiques en didactique des sciences" rassemble des contributions issues de travaux de recherche en didactique engageant des disciplines variées comme les mathématiques, la chimie, la physique et la géographie, qui mobilisent des supports sémiotiques de différentes natures. Il propose des clés pour saisir, voire réduire une part des incompréhensions qui peuvent s’installer entre un locuteur et un récepteur dans des situations d’enseignement scientifique.
Published: 2022

45. Coordination of two opposite flagella allows high-speed swimming and active turning of individual zoospores

Author: Quang D Tran, Eric Galiana, Philippe Thomen, Céline Cohen, François Orange, Fernando Peruani, Xavier Noblin, Peruani, Fernando, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire Jean Perrin (LJP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Nice (INPHYNI), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée (CCMA), Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis (UNSA), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Laboratoire International Associé Réponse des Organismes et Populations face au Stress Environnemental - Université Côte d’Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco (LIA ROPSE), Université Côte d’Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation (LPTM - UMR 8089), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Phytophthora, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], General Immunology and Microbiology, Flagella, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], General Neuroscience, Cilia, General Medicine, Plants, Swimming, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Plant Diseases
Abstract: Phytophthora species cause diseases in a large variety of plants and represent a serious agricultural threat, leading, every year, to multibillion dollar losses. Infection occurs when their biflagellated zoospores move across the soil at their characteristic high speed and reach the roots of a host plant. Despite the relevance of zoospore spreading in the epidemics of plant diseases, individual swimming of zoospores have not been fully investigated. It remains unknown about the characteristics of two opposite beating flagella during translation and turning, and the roles of each flagellum on zoospore swimming. Here, combining experiments and modeling, we show how these two flagella contribute to generate thrust when beating together, and identify the mastigonemes-attached anterior flagellum as the main source of thrust. Furthermore, we find that turning involves a complex active process, in which the posterior flagellum temporarily stops, while the anterior flagellum keeps on beating and changes its gait from sinusoidal waves to power and recovery strokes, similar to Chlamydomonas’s breaststroke, to reorient its body to a new direction. Our study is a fundamental step toward a better understanding of the spreading of plant pathogens’ motile forms, and shows that the motility pattern of these biflagellated zoospores represents a distinct eukaryotic version of the celebrated ‘run-and-tumble’ motility class exhibited by peritrichous bacteria.
Published: 2022

46. From teachers practices to mathematical learning and teacher education.: Circulation of knowledge from research in Didactics of Mathematics

Author: Horoks, Julie, Laboratoire de Didactique André Revuz (LDAR (URP_4434)), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Lille-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), CY Cergy Paris Université, Eric Roditi, and Horoks, Julie
Subjects: teaching practices, learning, mathematics, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, formation, activités mathématiques, mathematical activities, [MATH] Mathematics [math], mathématiques, apprentissages, [MATH]Mathematics [math], pratiques enseignantes, teacher education
Abstract: The synthesis of my research work presented here aims at linking a posteriori several axes of reflection around the analysis of teaching practices in mathematics, axes pursued thanks to different collaborations with other researchers since my thesis. While remaining within the framework of the Didactic and Ergonomic Double Approach for the analysis of teaching practices, and still giving a central place to the mathematical activities of the students, our tools to describe and characterise what teachers do in mathematics class have been enriched, through contact with other approaches, and in particular through the consideration of questions relating to the evaluation of students' mathematical learning. On the other hand, the passage from local case studies, repeated many times over on different mathematical contents, to large-scale studies, in terms of the number of teachers involved or the long duration of the study, has enabled us, not only to consolidate our analytical tools, by highlighting what, in our opinion, can play a role in the mathematical learning of pupils, but also to confirm some of our results on a smaller scale concerning the variety and coherence of practices. Finally, these results feed our reflections on teacher training, and equip us to analyse the training systems and practices of teacher educators, as well as their effects on the development of teaching practices in mathematics. This synthesis concludes with possible research to be carried out in the wake of these results., La synthèse de mes travaux de recherche présentée ici vise à relier a posteriori plusieurs axes de réflexion autour de l’analyse de pratiques enseignantes en mathématiques, axes poursuivis grâce à différentes collaborations avec d’autres chercheur.e.s depuis ma thèse. Tout en restant dans le cadre de la Double Approche Didactique et Ergonomique pour l’analyse des pratiques enseignantes, et en donnant toujours une place centrale aux activités mathématiques des élèves, nos outils pour décrire et caractériser ce que font les enseignant.e.s en classe de mathématiques se sont enrichis, au contact d’autres approches, et en particulier à travers la prise en compte de questions relatives à l’évaluation des apprentissages mathématiques des élèves. D’autre part, le passage d’études de cas locales, maintes fois répétées sur différents contenus mathématiques, à des études à grande échelle, en ce qui concerne les effectifs d’enseignant.e.s impliqué.e.s ou le temps long de l’étude, nous a permis non seulement de consolider nos outils d’analyse, en mettant en lumière ce qui, selon nous, peut jouer un rôle dans les apprentissages mathématiques des élèves, mais aussi de confirmer certains de nos résultats à plus petite échelle sur la variété et la cohérence des pratiques. Enfin, ces résultats nourrissent nos réflexions sur la formation des enseignant.e.s, et nous outillent pour analyser les dispositifs de formation et les pratiques des formateurs et formatrices, ainsi que leurs effets sur le développement des pratiques enseignantes en mathématiques. Des pistes de recherches à mener dans le prolongement de celles-ci concluent cette synthèse.
Published: 2022

47. Vertically heterogeneous 2D semi-interpenetrating networks based on cellulose acetate and cross-linked polybutadiene

Author: Anne-Sophie Vaillard, Alae El Haitami, Lisa B. Dreier, Philippe Fontaine, Fabrice Cousin, Philipp Gutfreund, Michel Goldmann, Ellen H. G. Backus, Sophie Cantin, CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LLB - Matière molle et biophysique (MMB), Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB - UMR 12), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Electrochemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, Surfaces and Interfaces, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, Spectroscopy
Abstract: International audience; This work reports the feasibility of polybutadiene (PB) cross-linking under UV irradiation in the presence of a linear polymer, cellulose acetate (CA), to form semi-interpenetrating polymer networks at the air–water interface. The thermodynamic properties and the morphology of two-dimensional (2D) CA/PB blends are investigated after UV irradiation and for a wide range of CA volume fractions. A contraction of the mixed Langmuir films is observed independent of the composition, in agreement with that recorded for the individual PB monolayer after cross-linking. The PB network formation is demonstrated by in situ sum-frequency generation spectroscopy on the equivolumic CA/PB mixed film. From Brewster angle microscopy observations, the PB network synthesis does not induce any morphology change at the mesoscopic scale, and all of the mixed films remain homogeneous laterally. In situ neutron reflectometry is used to probe the effect of PB cross-linking on the vertical structure of CA/PB mixed films. For all studied compositions, significant thickening of the films is evidenced, consistent with their contraction ratio. This thickening is accompanied by a partial expulsion of the PB toward the film–air interface, which is attributed to the hydrophobic character of the PB. This phenomenon is stronger for films rich in PB. In particular, the structure of the PB-rich film undergoes a transition from vertically homogeneous to inhomogeneous along the depth. 2D semi-interpenetrating polymer networks can thus be synthesized at the air–water interface with a morphology that is strongly influenced by the polymer–polymer and polymer–environment interactions.
Published: 2022

48. On the growth of the thermally modified non-resonant streaming instability

Author: Andrea Ciardi, A. Marret, Julien Fuchs, Roch Smets, Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), and ANR-17-CE30-0026,PiNNaCLE,Développement d'une ligne de neutrons pulsés compacte et de haute brillance(2017)
Subjects: FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, magnetic fields, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Instability, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, acceleration of particles, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Range (particle radiation), Magnetic energy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Plasma, plasmas, Magnetic field, Computational physics, instabilities, Space and Planetary Science, Streaming instability, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: The cosmic rays non-resonant streaming instability is believed to be the source of substantial magnetic field amplification. In this work we investigate the effects of the ambient plasma temperature on the instability and derive analytical expressions of its growth rate in the hot, demagnetized regime of interaction. To study its non-linear evolution we perform hybrid-PIC simulations for a wide range of temperatures. We find that in the cold limit about two-thirds of the cosmic rays drift kinetic energy is converted into magnetic energy. Increasing the temperature of the ambient plasma can substantially reduce the growth rate and the magnitude of the saturated magnetic field., Under review in MNRAS
Published: 2020

49. Dispatching Requests for Agent-Based Online Vehicle Routing Problems with Time Windows

Author: Mahdi Zargayouna, Besma Zeddini, Génie des Réseaux de Transport Terrestres et Informatique Avancée (COSYS-GRETTIA ), Université Gustave Eiffel, CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), and École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)
Subjects: General Computer Science, Heuristic, Computer science, business.industry, Heuristic (computer science), Multi-agent system, INSERTION HEURISTICS, Regret, VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEM, lcsh:QA75.5-76.95, [INFO.INFO-MA]Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA], Vehicle routing problem, SYSTEME MULTI-AGENT, vehicle routing problems, Multi-agent systems, Insertion heuristics, lcsh:Electronic computers. Computer science, Heuristics, business, Protocol (object-oriented programming), Computer network
Abstract: Vehicle routing problems are highly complex problems. The proposals to solve them traditionally concern the optimization of conventional criteria, such as the number of mobilized vehicles and the total costs. However, in online vehicle routing problems, the optimization of the response time to the connected travelers is at least as important as the optimization of the classical criteria. Multi-agent systems on the one hand and greedy insertion heuristics on the other are among the most promising approaches to this end. In this paper, we propose a multi-agent system coupled with a regret insertion heuristic. We focus on the real-time dispatching of the travelers' requests to the vehicles and its efficiency. A dispatching protocol determines which agents perform the computation to answer the travelers' requests. We evaluate three dispatching protocols: centralized, decentralized and hybrid. We compare them experimentally based on their response time to online travelers. Two computational types are implemented: a sequential implementation and a distributed implementation. The results show the superiority of the centralized dispatching protocol in the sequential implementation (32.80% improvement in average compared to the distributed dispatching protocol) and the superiority of the hybrid dispatching protocol in the distributed implementation (59.66% improvement in average, compared with the centralized dispatching protocol).
Published: 2020

50. A New Concept of Compton Scattering Tomography and the Development of the Corresponding Circular Radon Transform

Author: Javier Cebeiro, Marcela Morvidone, Mai K. Nguyen, Cecilia Tarpau, Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes (ETIS - UMR 8051), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation (LPTM - UMR 8089), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de Mathématiques de Versailles (LMV), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Matematica Aplicada [San Martín] (CEDEMA), Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología [San Martín] (ECyT), and Universidad Nacional de San Martin (UNSAM)-Universidad Nacional de San Martin (UNSAM)
Subjects: Image formation, Radon transform, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Computer science, Attenuation, Compton scattering, Reconstruction algorithm, Fixed point, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010101 applied mathematics, 0103 physical sciences, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Tomography, 0101 mathematics, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Instrumentation, Algorithm, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: A new modality of Compton scattering tomography (CST) is presented. This model is composed of a fixed source and detectors placed on a fixed ring passing through the source. This new modality, called circular CST (CCST), allows to register a complete set of data and, regarding constructive features like compactness or the absence of moving components, outperforms other existing CST designs. A bi-imaging system combining this new system and fan-beam computed tomography can also be considered, and such system will provide both the attenuation map and the distribution on electrons of the object under study. The modeling of the CCST leads to the Radon transform (RT) on circles passing through a fixed point. A reconstruction algorithm based on an exact inversion formula of the RT on circles is proposed and numerical simulations for image formation and reconstruction are carried out. The results show the viability of this new image system which is particularly suitable for small objects, such as biomedical objects.
Published: 2020

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