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210 results on '"CROUAU-ROY, BRIGITTE"'

1. Humans and Chimpanzees Display Opposite Patterns of Diversity in Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase Genes.

Author

Vangenot, Christelle, Gagneux, Pascal, de Groot, Natasja G, Baumeyer, Adrian, Mouterde, Médéric, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Darlu, Pierre, Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia, Sabbagh, Audrey, and Poloni, Estella S

Subjects
Animals, Hominidae, Humans, Pan troglodytes, Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase, Genomics, Species Specificity, Haplotypes, Polymorphism, Genetic, Alleles, Multigene Family, Genome, Genetic Variation, Arylamine N-acetyltransferases, drug metabolism, great apes, multigenic family, natural selection, Polymorphism, Genetic, Genetics
Abstract

Among the many genes involved in the metabolism of therapeutic drugs, human arylamine N-acetyltransferases (NATs) genes have been extensively studied, due to their medical importance both in pharmacogenetics and disease epidemiology. One member of this small gene family, NAT2, is established as the locus of the classic human acetylation polymorphism in drug metabolism. Current hypotheses hold that selective processes favoring haplotypes conferring lower NAT2 activity have been operating in modern humans' recent history as an adaptation to local chemical and dietary environments. To shed new light on such hypotheses, we investigated the genetic diversity of the three members of the NAT gene family in seven hominid species, including modern humans, Neanderthals and Denisovans. Little polymorphism sharing was found among hominids, yet all species displayed high NAT diversity, but distributed in an opposite fashion in chimpanzees and bonobos (Pan genus) compared to modern humans, with higher diversity in Pan species at NAT1 and lower at NAT2, while the reverse is observed in humans. This pattern was also reflected in the results returned by selective neutrality tests, which suggest, in agreement with the predicted functional impact of mutations detected in non-human primates, stronger directional selection, presumably purifying selection, at NAT1 in modern humans, and at NAT2 in chimpanzees. Overall, the results point to the evolution of divergent functions of these highly homologous genes in the different primate species, possibly related to their specific chemical/dietary environment (exposome) and we hypothesize that this is likely linked to the emergence of controlled fire use in the human lineage.

Published
2019

10. Studying genetic antagonisms as drivers of genome evolution

Author

Joron, Mathieu, Shearn, Rylan, Wright, Alison, Mousset, Sylvain, Régis, Corinne, Penel, Simon, Lemaitre, Jean- François, Douay, Guillaume, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Lecompte, Emilie, Marais, Gabriel, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Genome evolution, Philosophy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pseudoautosomal region, General Medicine, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Genealogy, 03 medical and health sciences, Wright, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

A recommendation of: Rylan Shearn, Alison E. Wright, Sylvain Mousset, Corinne Regis, Simon Penel, Jean-Francois Lemaitre, Guillaume Douay, Brigitte Crouau-Roy, Emilie Lecompte, Gabriel A.B. Marais Evolutionary stasis of the pseudoautosomal boundary in strepsirrhine primates 10.1101/445072

Published
2020

11. The treeness of the tree of historical trees of life

Author

Vangenot, Christelle, Gagneux, Pascal, de Groot, Natasja, Baumeyer, Adrian, Mouterde, Médéric, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, DARLU, Pierre, Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia, Sabbagh, Audrey, Poloni, Estella, Eco-Anthropologie et Ethnobiologie (EAE), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology
Abstract

International audience; Abstract Among the many genes involved in the metabolism of therapeutic drugs, human arylamine N-acetyltransferases (NATs) genes have been extensively studied, due to their medical importance both in pharmacogenetics and disease epidemiology. One member of this small gene family, NAT2, is established as the locus of the classic human acetylation polymorphism in drug metabolism. Current hypotheses hold that selective processes favoring haplotypes conferring lower NAT2 activity have been operating in modern humans’ recent history as an adaptation to local chemical and dietary environments. To shed new light on such hypotheses, we investigated the genetic diversity of the three members of the NAT gene family in seven hominid species, including modern humans, Neanderthals and Denisovans. Little polymorphism sharing was found among hominids, yet all species displayed high NAT diversity, but distributed in an opposite fashion in chimpanzees and bonobos (Pan genus) compared to modern humans, with higher diversity in Pan species at NAT1 and lower at NAT2, while the reverse is observed in humans. This pattern was also reflected in the results returned by selective neutrality tests, which suggest, in agreement with the predicted functional impact of mutations detected in non-human primates, stronger directional selection, presumably purifying selection, at NAT1 in modern humans, and at NAT2 in chimpanzees. Overall, the results point to the evolution of divergent functions of these highly homologous genes in the different primate species, possibly related to their specific chemical/dietary environment (exposome) and we hypothesize that this is likely linked to the emergence of controlled fire use in the human lineage.

Published
2020

13. GM haplotype diversity of 82 populations over the world suggests a centrifugal model of human migrations

Author

Dugoujon, Jean-Michel, Hazout, Serge, Loirat, France, Mourrieras, Bruno, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, and Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia

Subjects
Evolution -- Research, Anthropology -- Research, Anthropology/archeology/folklore
Abstract

This study investigates the GM genetic relationships of 82 human populations, among which 10 represent original data, within and among the main broad geographic areas of the world. Different approaches are used: multidimensional scaling analysis and test for isolation by distance, to assess the correlation between genetic variation and spatial distributions; analysis of variance, to investigate the genetic structure at different hierarchical levels of population subdivision; genetic similarity map (geographic map distorted by available genetic information), to identify regions of high and low genetic variation; and minimal spanning network, to point out possible migration routes across continental areas. The results show that the GM polymorphism is characterized by one of the highest amounts of genetic variation observed so far among populations of different continents (Fct = 0.3915, P < 0.0001). GM diversity can be explained by a model of isolation by distance (IBD) at most continental levels, with a particularly significant fit to IBD for the Middle East and Europe. Five peripheral regions of the world (Europe, west and south sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and America) exhibit a low level of genetic diversity both within and among populations. By contrast, East and North African, Southwest Asian, and Northeast Asian populations are highly diverse and interconnected genetically by large genetic distances. Therefore, the observed GM variation can be explained by a 'centrifugal model' of modern humans peopling history, involving ancient dispersals across a large intercontinental area spanning from East Africa to Northeast Asia, followed by recent migrations in peripheral geographic regions. KEY WORDS GM polymorphism; immunoglobulins; human genetic diversity; human evolution

Published
2004

20. Genetic diversity and population structure of goldblotch grouper Epinephelus costae in the central Mediterranean Sea using mtDNA (Cyt b) and microsatellite loci

Author

ELGLID, Aziza, CHATTI, Noureddine, CROUAU-ROY, Brigitte, and BRADAI, Mohamed Nejmeddine

Subjects
human activities, geographic locations
Abstract

The objective of this study was to describe the genetic population structure and demographic history of the goldb lotch grouper of Central Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Gabes and the coast of Li ya) using cytochrome b (cytb ) gene and seven nuclear microsatellites. Based on 940 base pairs of the cytochrome b segment, we found high levels of genetic variability for the two samples analysed (h = 0.833 ± 0.054 and h = 0.769 ± 0.120 respectively in Tunisia and Libya). Pairwise FST statistics among the two localities were negative (FST = -0.015; cytb gene) or low (FST = 0.011; microsatellite loci), suggesting a widespread gene flow. The high dispersal capabilities of larvae of E. costae coupled with the limited physical barriers in marine environment may be responsible for the high gene flow among E. costae populations along the two sites (Gulf of Gabès and Tadjourah). In summary, this study provides a preliminary assessment of geographical patterns of differentiation of E. costae in this region for conservation, management and stock identification.

Published
2019
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23. MICROSATELLITE TYPING

Author

Cambon-Thomsen, Anne, primary, Foissac, Alexandra, additional, Giraldo-Alvarez, Pilar, additional, and Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, additional

Published
2000
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27. Genomic plasticity of the immune-related Mhc class I B region in macaque species

Author

Bontrop Ronald E, Otting Nel, Vervoort Virginie, Heijmans Corrine MC, Doxiadis Gaby GM, Bonhomme Maxime, and Crouau-Roy Brigitte

Subjects
Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background In sharp contrast to humans and great apes, the expanded Mhc-B region of rhesus and cynomolgus macaques is characterized by the presence of differential numbers and unique combinations of polymorphic class I B genes per haplotype. The MIB microsatellite is closely linked to the single class I B gene in human and in some great apes studied. The physical map of the Mhc of a heterozygous rhesus monkey provides unique material to analyze MIB and Mamu-B copy number variation and then allows one to decipher the compound evolutionary history of this region in primate species. Results In silico research pinpointed 12 MIB copies (duplicons), most of which are associated with expressed B-genes that cluster in a separate clade in the phylogenetic tree. Generic primers tested on homozygous rhesus and pedigreed cynomolgus macaques allowed the identification of eight to eleven MIB copies per individual. The number of MIB copies present per haplotype varies from a minimum of three to six in cynomolgus macaques and from five to eight copies in rhesus macaques. Phylogenetic analyses highlight a strong transpecific sharing of MIB duplicons. Using the physical map, we observed that, similar to MIB duplicons, highly divergent Mamu-B genes can be present on the same haplotype. Haplotype variation as reflected by the copy number variation of class I B loci is best explained by recombination events, which are found to occur between MIBs and Mamu-B. Conclusion The data suggest the existence of highly divergent MIB and Mamu-B lineages on a given haplotype, as well as variable MIB and B copy numbers and configurations, at least in rhesus macaque. Recombination seems to occur between MIB and Mamu-B loci, and the resulting haplotypic plasticity at the individual level may be a strategy to better cope with pathogens. Therefore, evolutionary inferences based on the multiplicated MIB loci but also other markers close to B-genes appear to be promising for the study of B-region organization and evolution in primates.

Published
2008
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28. A highly polymorphic insertion in the Y-chromosome amelogenin gene can be used for evolutionary biology, population genetics and sexing in Cetacea and Artiodactyla

Author

Crouau-Roy Brigitte and Macé Matthias

Subjects
Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background The early radiation of the Cetartiodactyla is complex, and unambiguous molecular characters are needed to clarify the positions of hippotamuses, camels and pigs relative to the remaining taxa (Cetacea and Ruminantia). There is also a need for informative genealogic markers for Y-chromosome population genetics as well as a sexing method applicable to all species from this group. We therefore studied the sequence variation of a partial sequence of the evolutionary conserved amelogenin gene to assess its potential use in each of these fields. Results and discussion We report a large interstitial insertion in the Y amelogenin locus in most of the Cetartiodactyla lineages (cetaceans and ruminants). This sex-linked size polymorphism is the result of a 460–465 bp inserted element in intron 4 of the amelogenin gene of Ruminants and Cetaceans. Therefore, this polymorphism can easily be used in a sexing assay for these species. When taking into account this shared character in addition to nucleotide sequence, gene genealogy follows sex-chromosome divergence in Cetartiodactyla whereas it is more congruent with zoological history when ignoring these characters. This could be related to a loss of homology between chromosomal copies given the old age of the insertion. The 1 kbp Amel-Y amplified fragment is also characterized by high nucleotide diversity (64 polymorphic sites spanning over 1 kbp in seven haplotypes) which is greater than for other Y-chromosome sequence markers studied so far but less than the mitochondrial control region. Conclusion The gender-dependent polymorphism we have identified is relevant not only for phylogenic inference within the Cetartiodactyla but also for Y-chromosome based population genetics and gender determination in cetaceans and ruminants. One single protocol can therefore be used for studies in population and evolutionary genetics, reproductive biotechnologies, and forensic science.

Published
2008
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30. Spatial variation in density and total size estimates in fragmented primate populations: the golden-crowned sifaka (Propithecus tattersalli)

Author

Quemere, Erwan, Champeau, Julie, Besolo, Aubin, Rasolondraibe, Emmanuel, Rabarivola, Clement, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, and Chikhi, Lounes

Subjects
Sifakas -- Demographic aspects, Sifakas -- Environmental aspects, Sifakas -- Protection and preservation, Habitat destruction -- Research, Spatial behavior in animals -- Research, Forest management, Anthropology/archeology/folklore, Biological sciences, Health, Psychology and mental health
Published
2010

31. Additional file 3: Figure S2. of Spatial pattern of genetic diversity and selection in the MHC class II DRB of three Neotropical bat species

Author

Salmier, Arielle, Benoit De Thoisy, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Lacoste, Vincent, and Lavergne, Anne

Abstract

Positions of PCR primers used to amplify the indicated fragments of the MHC class II loci in C. perspicillata, D. rotundus and M. molossus, based on cDNA. The structure of the cDNA of the MHC class II DRB gene is based on [50]. According to each species, boxes indicate the amplified region using each couple of primers. The shaded region represents the region of interest, namely exon 2. Sequences and references of all primers used are given in Table 1. (PDF 26 kb)

Published
2016
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37. A large panel of microsatellite markers for genetic studies in the infraorder Catarrhini

Author

Roeder, A., Bonhomme, Maxime, Heijmans, C., Bruford, Mike, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Doxidis, G., Otting, N., The Inprimat Consortium, And, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2009

38. Origin and number of founders in an introduced insular primate: estimation from nuclear genetic data

Author

Bonhomme, Maxime, Blancher, Antoine, Cuartero, S., Chikhi, Lounès, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Faculté de Médecine [Rangueil], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]

Subjects
[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity
Published
2008

39. Genomic plasticity of the immune-related Mhc class I B region of macaque species

Author

Bonhomme, Maxime, Doxiadis, G.G., Heijmans, C.M., Vervoort, Virginie, Otting, N., Bontrop, R.E., Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
[SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2008

40. Factors shaping genetic variations int the MHC of natural non-human primate populations

Author

Bonhomme, Maxime, Blancher, Antoine, Mohamed Fayrus, Jalil, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Immunogénétique Moléculaire (LIMT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Biodiversity and Ecological Processes Group, and Cardiff School of Biosciences

Subjects
[SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Published
2007

41. Microsatellite MIB typing of the rhesus macaque MHC class IB region

Author

C Heijmans, M., Bonhomme, Maxime, G M Doxiadis, G., Otting, N., Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, E Bontrop, R., Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
[SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity
Published
2007

42. Influence des fissions de groupe sur la dispersion des gènes chez le magot (Macaca sylvanus)

Author

Lathuillière, Marjorie, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Petit, Eric, Scheffrahn, Wolfgang, Ménard, Nelly, Ethologie, éVolution, Ecologie (EVE), Ethologie animale et humaine (EthoS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques Continentaux (CESAC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Anthropological Institute & Museum, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Parc Zoologique de Doué-la-Fontaine, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

International audience; Chez le magot (Macaca sylvanus), dont les femelles sont philopatriques et les mâles migrent, on s’attend àun degré d’apparentement plus élevé entre femelles qu’entre mâles. Les fissions de groupe, qui conduisentà la séparation des individus en plusieurs groupes indépendants, peuvent être considérées comme le seulmode de dispersion des femelles. Dans la mesure où ces fissions respectent l’intégrité des lignéesmatriarcales, on s’attend à une augmentation du degré d’apparentement entre femelles dans les nouveauxgroupes issus de fission. Les analyses génétiques, réalisées avec 15 marqueurs microsatellites, ont montréque les femelles d’un même groupe n’étaient pas plus apparentées que les mâles. Par contre, ils ontmontré une augmentation significative et durable de l’apparentement intra-groupe des femelles adultesaprès la fission d’un groupe initial, passant du niveau d'individus non apparentés (R=0.03±0.08) à unniveau proche de l'apparentement entre cousins (R=0.13±0.10) ou demi-frères (soeurs) (R=0.30±0.08)selon le groupe fils. Au contraire, l'apparentement entre mâles adultes est resté du niveau d'individus nonapparentés (R=-0.06±0.04 à R=0.03±0.05). Les fissions, événements discrets dans le temps, contribuentdonc à structurer les populations et jouent un rôle important dans la dynamique des gènes et les processusmicro-évolutifs d'une espèce.

Published
2002

43. Statut démographique et génétique des populations de magots (Macaca sylvanus) en Algérie et au Maroc

Author

Lathuillière, Marjorie, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Petit, Eric, Ménard, Nelly, Ethologie, éVolution, Ecologie (EVE), Ethologie animale et humaine (EthoS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques Continentaux (CESAC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

International audience; La connaissance des caractéristiques démographiques et génétiques de populations d’espèces en danger est indispensable dans un but de conservation. La dégradation de l’habitat du magot a conduit à la réduction et à la fragmentation de ses populations avec la formation d’isolats de taille très variable. Tous les groupes étudiés ont une composition de type multimâles-multifemelles comparable avec un sexe ratio des adultes relativement équilibré. Cependant, la population du Moyen Atlas (Maroc) comporte une faible proportion d’immatures (24%) comparé à celle des populations d’Algérie ou à celle qu’elle avait 20 ans plus tôt (48-56%). Ceci suggère une modification de la structure d’âge de cette population probablement due à un déficit en recrutement des jeunes, conséquence d’une réduction des ressources alimentaires. L’analyse génétique, à partir de 10 marqueurs microsatellites, a montré que les populations d’Algérie (2000 individus) ont une diversité génétique comparable à celle du Moyen Atlas (plus de 10 000 individus). Les différences observées viennent de la présence d’allèles caractéristiques de chacune des populations. La forte promiscuité sexuelle caractérisant le système de reproduction, pourrait favoriser une taille efficace élevée et contribuer au maintien de la diversité génétique en dépit de la réduction de taille des populations et de leur isolement.

Published
2001

44. Testing the reliability of noninvasive genetic sampling by comparing analyses of blood and fecal samples in Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus)

Author

Lathuillière, Marjorie, Ménard, Nelly, Gautier-Hion, Annie, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Ethologie, éVolution, Ecologie (EVE), Ethologie animale et humaine (EthoS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques Continentaux (CESAC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology
Abstract

WOS:000172107900002; International audience; Genetic studies of wild animal populations are often hindered by difficulties in obtaining blood samples. Recent advances in molecular biology have allowed the use of noninvasive samples as sources of DNA (e.g., hair or feces), but such samples may provide low-quality DNA and prevent the determination of true genotypes in subsequent DNA analysis. We present a preliminary study aimed at assessing the reliability of using fecal samples for genotyping in Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus). The test was performed on samples of blood and feces from 11 captive animals, using three dinucleotide microsatellites. The CTAB DNA extraction method was found to be the most relevant for Barbary macaque feces, yielding successful amplification at all loci for 70% of PCRs. All the fecal samples tested gave correct genotypes at least once for each locus when referenced against blood-derived genotypes. An average of 18.3% of PCRs displayed spurious genotypes (false homozygous or false allele). The minimum theoretical probability required to obtain a 100% accurate genotype is 0.74, based on the criterion that a correct genotype is assessed only if it was observed at least twice. The observed probability of obtaining a correct genotype from three PCRs, based on our genotyping results, was greater (0.81 on average) than the minimum threshold. In conclusion, our comparison of blood and fecal samples showed that fecal sampling is a reliable tool for the further study of wild Barbary macaque populations. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Published
2001

45. The application of highly polymorphic DNA markers (microsatellites) to problems of mouflon genetics

Author

Hewison, A.J.M., Petit, E., Aulagnier, Stephane, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherche Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
MOUFLON, DYNAMIQUE DE LA POPULATION, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], FLUX DE GENE, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], GENETIQUE
Abstract

*INRA Centre de Toulouse (FRA) Diffusion du document : INRA Centre de Toulouse (FRA); International audience

Published
1999

46. A microarray system for Y chromosomal and mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphism analysis in chimpanzee populations

Author

Andres, Olga, Rönn, Ann-Charlotte, Bonhomme, Maxime, Keller-Mann, Thomas, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Doxiadis, Gaby, Verschoor, Ernst J., Goossens, Benoit, Domingo-Roura, Xavier, Bruford, Michael W., Bosch, Montserrat, Syvänen, Ann-Christine, Andres, Olga, Rönn, Ann-Charlotte, Bonhomme, Maxime, Keller-Mann, Thomas, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Doxiadis, Gaby, Verschoor, Ernst J., Goossens, Benoit, Domingo-Roura, Xavier, Bruford, Michael W., Bosch, Montserrat, and Syvänen, Ann-Christine

Abstract

Chimpanzee populations are diminishing as a consequence of human activities, and as a result this species is now endangered. In the context of conservation programmes, genetic data can add vital information, for instance on the genetic diversity and structure of threatened populations. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are biallelic markers that are widely used in human molecular studies and can be implemented in efficient microarray systems. This technology offers the potential of robust, multiplexed SNP genotyping at low reagent cost in other organisms than humans, but it is not commonly used yet in wild population studies. Here, we describe the characterization of new SNPs in Y-chromosomal intronic regions in chimpanzees and also identify SNPs from mitochondrial genes, with the aim of developing a microarray system that permits the simultaneous study of both paternal and maternal lineages. Our system consists of 42 SNPs for the Y chromosome and 45 SNPs for the mitochondrial genome. We demonstrate the applicability of this microarray in a captive population where genotypes accurately reflected its large pedigree. Two wild-living populations were also analysed and the results show that the microarray will be a useful tool alongside microsatellite markers, since it supplies complementary information about population structure and ecology. SNP genotyping using microarray technology, therefore, is a promising approach and may become an essential tool in conservation genetics to help in the management and study of captive and wild-living populations. Moreover, microarrays that combine SNPs from different genomic regions could replace microsatellite typing in the future.

Published
2008
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47. A DNA Metabarcoding Study of a Primate Dietary Diversity and Plasticity across Its Entire Fragmented Range

Author

Quéméré, Erwan, primary, Hibert, Fabrice, additional, Miquel, Christian, additional, Lhuillier, Emeline, additional, Rasolondraibe, Emmanuel, additional, Champeau, Julie, additional, Rabarivola, Clément, additional, Nusbaumer, Louis, additional, Chatelain, Cyrille, additional, Gautier, Laurent, additional, Ranirison, Patrick, additional, Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, additional, Taberlet, Pierre, additional, and Chikhi, Lounès, additional

Published
2013
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49. Multiple displacement amplification for generating an unlimited source of DNA for genotyping in nonhuman primate species

Author

Rönn, Ann-Charlotte, Andrés, Olga, Bruford, Michael W., Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Doxiadis, Gaby, Domingo-Roura, Xavier, Roeder, Amy D., Verschoor, Ernst, Zischler, Hans, Syvänen, Ann-Christine, Rönn, Ann-Charlotte, Andrés, Olga, Bruford, Michael W., Crouau-Roy, Brigitte, Doxiadis, Gaby, Domingo-Roura, Xavier, Roeder, Amy D., Verschoor, Ernst, Zischler, Hans, and Syvänen, Ann-Christine

Abstract

We evaluated a whole genome amplification method-multiple displacement amplification (MDA)-as a means to conserve valuable nonhuman primate samples. We tested 148 samples from a variety of species and sample sources, including blood, tissue, cell-lines, plucked hair and noninvasively collected semen. To evaluate genotyping success and accuracy of MDA, we used routine genotyping methods, including short tandem repeat (STR) analysis, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), Alu repeat analysis, direct sequencing, and nucleotide detection by tag-array minisequencing. We compared genotyping results from MDA products to genotypes generated from the original (non-MD amplified) DNA samples. All genotyping methods showed good results with the MDA products as a DNA template, and for some samples MDA improved genotyping success. We show that the MDA procedure has the potential to provide a long-lasting source of DNA for genetic studies, which would be highly valuable for the primate research field, in which genetic resources are limited and for other species in which similar sampling constraints apply.

Published
2006
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