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Grounded in an analysis of the Netflix series Dahmer-Monster, this article offers a theory concerning mass consumption of crime drama. Refracted by scholarship on ableism and speciesism, I argue that Dahmer-Monster (and comparable shows) can be understood as mediated "freak show." Crime drama offers images of "abnormality" that provide a surface upon which conceptions of normalcy can be (re)inscribed. Audiences are assured of their normality via this process. The article speaks to critical criminologists and critical disability studies scholarship. Consistent with nascent "crip criminology," it suggests that there is much scope for further dialogue across these areas. As a cultural site, crime media is saturated by ableism, yet it has not been subject to much scrutiny by critical disabilities studies scholarship. And, while much criminological attention is devoted to cultural portrayals of crime, ableism and speciesism have not been central categories to such analyses. This article contributes to efforts to connect critical criminologies with scholarly interest in ableism and speciesism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 1970s, feminist criminologists have challenged researchers and practitioners to center gender in their theories, research designs, and practice approaches. Because of this, a large body of research examines correctional approaches to assess the question "what works" for women? Researchers have, for example, examined: how gender shapes pathways into the system or how correctional programming and staff can meet women's needs. At times these queries include studying the effectiveness of using gender responsive approaches. Little is known, however, regarding the effects of these strategies in the community corrections context. Women make up a substantially larger proportion of the community corrections population than they do prison or jail. Additionally, because the philosophy of this context is well suited to engage rehabilitative and treatment-based programs—needs of amplified importance for system involved women—understanding what we know as researchers and practitioners is particularly important. To assess the state of knowledge in this area, we conducted a scoping review of research on gender responsive programming within community corrections settings. Our analysis reviews the findings from these articles and highlights implications for practitioners and researchers working in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractProminent sociologists and criminologists have not accorded the respect that criminology and criminal justice (CCJ) deserves. They have questioned CCJ’s standing as an autonomous discipline; they have criticized CCJ for its lack of a “common conceptual language,” a “core theoretical tradition,” and a “methodological commitment.” Consequently, criminologists and criminal justice scholars have been warned not to stray too far from their sociological roots. This condition leads to the following question: are there new ideas about crime and justice that are contained in the annual addresses of ACJS presidents? This article examines the addresses delivered by the presidents of ACJS. The findings indicate that three key domains of reflections can be discerned in the ACJS presidential addresses: (1) legitimacy through accreditation; (2) policy irrelevance as a prelude to public criminology; and (3) visions of justice. The three findings are compared and contrasted with the core themes found in a prior study of ASC presidential addresses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among environmental sociologists, ecological Marxists argue that there is an association between capitalism and ecological destruction/disorganization. This argument suggests that capitalism and nature are in contradiction with one another, so that the expansion of capitalism necessarily results in the destruction of nature. Green criminologists expand on this point and argue that ecological disorganization generates legal and illegal green crimes and injustice. This capitalism–nature association suggests that solving the current ecological crisis would require replacing capitalism. In contrast, the dissipative structure analysis (DSA) argues that capitalist nations pass through phases of development and that as advanced capitalist nations age, the level of ecological destruction they cause becomes attenuated. If true, this outcome suggests that capitalism might solve the problem of ecological destruction by aging. This article reviews these two theoretical arguments, exposes the limitation of the dissipative structure argument, and suggests that future research is required to completely address dissipative structure assumptions. A major limitation of the dissipative structure analysis is its failure to account for the effect of developing capitalist nations on the expansion of ecological disorganization. Trend charts are employed to illustrate the limitations of the DSA hypothesis concerning reduced ecological disorganization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper excavates 'implicit criminologies' concerning victims, perpetrators and bystanders from four films by Bosnian director Jasmila Žbanić: Grbavica (2006); On the path (2010); For those who can tell no tales (2013) and Quo Vadis, Aida? (2020). I argue that in criminological terms, Žbanić's work is strongest, and has greatest transformative potential, as an example of cinematic victimology. This is produced through characters who simultaneously encapsulate particular (ethnicized) and universal elements in micro-level stories of the individual in a larger social, political and historical context. Focussing on this form of universalism, I question an ethical standard of inclusivity in atrocity cinema which calls for a single film or director to directly represent victims of all ethnic groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How is power manifest inside an immigration removal centre (IRC), and does the basic function of the institution align with staff's sense of purpose? Drawing on interviews with employees at Brook House IRC, I argue that power is simultaneously present, absent and elsewhere. Staff acknowledge the presence of power in their 'immigration prison', but routinely feel an absence of authority, and note that decisions about immigration cases are made elsewhere. I then analyze how employees speak about the purpose of their work, which they see as providing both security and welfare. I conclude that the twin realities of power and purpose, security and welfare, create a dilemma for staff, IRCs and the liberal state as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is an autoethnographic account of a 20-year engagement with South African criminology. It is written from the perspective of someone from the Global North, a beneficiary of Britain's colonial past and the present dominance of northern ways of thinking and being. The aim is to encourage other criminologists from a similar background to reflect on their histories and the impact of their work in the present, and to be open to ideas from outside the Euro-American mainstream of the discipline. The evolution of South African criminology, and its gradual adoption of a more southern or decolonial sensibility, is traced in the work of the author and others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Criminologists typically test rational choice theory by examining the relationship between one aspect of decision making—the perceived costs and benefits of crime—and the likelihood of crime, primarily using (experimental) surveys that lack consideration of the neighborhood context. Building on decades of research in the risk and decision sciences, the current study utilizes broader models of decision making to qualitatively examine how youth living in concentrated disadvantage make decisions during incidents of violence. Our thematic analysis of 22 in-depth interviews with youth in a midsize midwestern city indicates that the decision process regarding violence is much more complex than previously theorized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this special issue, five articles demonstrate the impact of contemporary Environmental Criminology theory on the understanding of crime and the development of crime prevention practices in both urban and rural contexts. The articles exemplify the development of Environmental Criminology as a field that extends beyond crime in physical spaces to encompass offenses in cyberspace, illustrating the field's adaptability and relevance in an increasingly digital world. Authored by environmental criminologists from diverse disciplinary backgrounds, these articles offer a range of international perspectives, thereby contributing to the field of security while addressing broader social issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Criminological imagination requires that criminologists adopt multiple perspectives on their study subjects, shifting backwards and forwards between the personal and remote, the micro and the macro, or the theoretical and the empirical. Criminology should thus be 'refractive' (Frauley 2015: 21), harnessing the multi-perspectivism of social life to produce fuller, sharper analyses that reveal links between individual lives, social structures, and historical context. One such perspective is fa'a Sāmoa criminology. Not much is known about this worldview or its relationship with criminology, let alone its application as a credible epistemology. This article argues that Western criminology is not the only way to generate new knowledge and recommended solutions and that instead fa'a Sāmoa criminology offers an alternative way. Two qualitative case studies demonstrate how Sāmoan thinking and doing applies in the contexts of Sāmoan young people's interaction with the youth justice system and hard-to-reach gang-involved Sāmoan peoples. Key implications are highlighted and recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: While terrorism studies were once castigated as atheoretical and unempirical, criminology has been well suited to apply theories of crime to terrorism and to then test those theories with rigorous methods and robust data. The present study takes stock of how criminologists have theorized about terrorism and tested those theories over time in 13 of the discipline's leading journals. Methods: The study systematically examines theoretical framing, hypotheses, methodological approach, focus within criminology and criminal justice, and policy recommendations in terrorism-focused articles. Results: While terrorism has become more central within top journals, sparse attention has been paid to many criminological theories that could help us understand terrorism. Additional qualitative, theoretical, and mixed-methods research is needed. Further, few articles address the making of terrorism laws. We identify other systematic strengths and weaknesses across the literature and highlight domains for future research. Conclusions: Criminological research on terrorism has engaged theories within and beyond the discipline and employed a range of methodologies with diverse data sources to make contributions to both our broader field and to the larger body of scholarship on terrorism. Yet, many opportunities exist for criminologists to expand research on the making, breaking, and reaction to break laws regarding terrorism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GWP: Gesellschaft Wirtschaft Politik is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This is an autoethnographic exploration of some of my experiences in prisons in both Mexico City and England. My writing is a way for me to try to understand my journey in the light of my research as a feminist criminologist, a tool for me to begin to comprehend my journey, deconstruct my trauma, and outline how I overcame my incarceration-based trauma (IBT). The essay shines a light on how women who have been imprisoned, long after their release, continue to carry the echoes of prison as trauma responses. Autoethnography is a means to explore and contextualize my experiences in a manner that makes them relevant and meaningful to the wider social fabric, as above, so below. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Research in criminology and criminal justice is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary, international network of intersecting research topics. Quantifying the substantive content of criminology allows us to empirically disentangle this network and analyze how the interplay of research topic and international context influences knowledge production in the study of crime. Methods: In this paper we apply the topic embedding model, top2vec, mapping two decades of research in criminology and criminal justice (2001–2020). Using data generated by top2vec we enrich coauthorship network data—introducing themes and subdisciplines, and topical similarity measures—and analyze the relationship between topical and subdisciplinary overlap, geospatial distance, and publication coauthorship in a sample of mid-career researchers (N = 4068). Results: We find that these researchers disproportionately favor collaboration within their immediate network of collaborators and subdiscipline of criminology, but tend to establish new, synergistic collaborations with topically adjacent researchers. New collaborations appear to be independent of geographic distance, but US criminologists are less likely to collaborate internationally than Eurasian and Oceanic criminologists. Conclusions: Facilitating communication between researchers and organizations from adjacent subdisciplines could benefit researchers and produce new, innovative research. Encouraging comparative research would help international scholars, many of whom may rely on US collaborators, benefit more from US scholarship. Further applications for top2vec in the scientometric study of criminology, criminal justice, and legal studies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Queer Criminology is a newfound area of exploration within the discipline of Criminology, which is uniquely positioned to deal with issues regarding crime and victimisation concerning those from the LGBTQIA+ community and gender diverse/minoritized groups. The field of "Queer Criminology" has become vast and expanding, having explored issues of interpersonal, structural and systematic inequality concerning those from the community and beyond. To this end, narratives of victimisation, trauma and injustice have dominated (and limited) understandings of Queer Criminology. Moreover, limited thinking has been attributed within the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SOTL), which seeks to understand LGBTQIA+ individuals and groups--beyond binarized thinking of victimhood or criminalised. In this article, we offer the perspectives of two higher education professionals teaching Queer Criminology in a "flipped" classroom environment, which positions the learner as expert within the subject matter and utilises a relational pedagogy lens to do so. We discuss the use of our reflexive practice, as both Feminist Decolonial and Queer Criminologists. The article touches upon trauma informed approaches to teaching Queer Criminology. We offer several steps in building a coalition of learning, which can unpick the potential policy, theory, and practical tensions of teaching Queer Criminological Scholarship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cybercrime is now the most common form of crime in Canada and causes significant financial and psychological harm. The criminal justice system struggles to address cybercrime due to its complexity, scale, and global nature. Criminologists are also challenged to think about cybercrime beyond established theoretical frameworks. An interdisciplinary approach is required to understand this phenomenon and enable us to craft effective policies. The discipline of ecology can provide valuable insights and a practical integrative framework through the concepts of community, interaction, and emergent effects. First, a high-level outline is provided of how the cybercrime ecosystem can be analyzed using basic ecological concepts and principles. This framework is then applied to the security community, showing how it is populated with a diversity of organizational and institutional entities that can be enabled or compelled to act in ways that enhance online security through a broad set of regulatory strategies. Finally, three innovative configurations that take advantage of this regulatory pluralism and novel forms of collaboration are described to illustrate how alternatives can be implemented to mitigate the negative impacts of cybercrime with promising outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I analyze the sketches used by police, media, Criminologists, Scientists and Official Authorities for the arrest of El/La Mataviejitas. Just as important as analyzing the details of the sketches is understanding the software called La Cara del Mexicano, used to produce them, since their technological basis contributed to the perception that they were accurate and informative, based on the various “types” that representatively constitute the Mexican faces, determined “objectively” by physical anthropologists and forensic specialists. The analysis of these reveals how the national imaginaries of masculinity and femininity, and their relationship with the perception of class and skin color, have been reinforced through discourses of criminal representation since the 19th century. The portraits that the police and criminologists used to identify El/ La Mataviejitas, as well as the texts that accompanied them tell the story of national imaginaries about who constitutes a criminal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines whether rehabilitation delivered to women in prison in Aotearoa New Zealand can be considered trauma-informed. The ability of Corrections departments to implement trauma-informed rehabilitation in prison has been questioned by feminist criminologists. This paper finds there is scope for prison rehabilitation to address the effects of interpersonal violence on women's offending in ways that build women's agency and control. For this to happen in a trauma-informed way that doesn't render women responsible for their trauma, a rethinking of responsibility is needed that is more attuned to the realities of women's lives and the constrained circumstances they're living in. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Law Series is the property of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article centers undergraduate criminology students' concerns regarding their overwhelmingly white1 criminology curriculum. Situated at a UK university, this research draws upon focus groups and interviews with students and outlines three findings. Firstly, teaching on "race" and racism rarely arises. When it does, it focuses on "watershed moments" which are explored within singular sessions. Secondly, the white curriculum reinforces white, male and Western theoretical standpoints as the archetype, leading to feelings of disconnection. Thirdly, seminar discussions result in silence or racist viewpoints being shared, with these not adequately managed by lecturers. White students do not see themselves as part of a broader racialized structure, whilst some racialized students remain silent to enhance connection with their white classmates or to protect themselves from racism. This article acts as an urgent call for criminologists to reflect upon their current pedagogical choices and to begin embedding "race" and racism in the criminology curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is an introduction to a special issue of the International Annals of Criminology dedicated to Professor David Weisburd, a renowned criminologist. It highlights Weisburd's contributions to the field of criminology, including his work on crime and place, policing, and experimental criminology. The article also emphasizes Weisburd's impact on Israeli criminology, both through his scientific research and his efforts to raise the discipline to international standards. It concludes by expressing gratitude to Weisburd for his contributions and introducing the papers in the special issue, which cover diverse topics such as public attitudes towards the criminal justice system and crime in the context of a political conflict. [Extracted from the article]

While the risk of crime and perceptions of safety have been regularly addressed by criminologists, this has rarely extended to asking how those considering or taking vacations perceive their security. In contrast, tourism researchers regularly focus on perceptions of safety but define this more broadly to include, inter alia, safety from health risks and natural disasters. This paper melds the two disciplines by considering which destinations US residents perceived as unsafe, focusing on risks from crime, political unrest or terrorism, and health concerns. The research used a crowdsourcing platform to collect citizens' perceptions of safety with regard to crime, terrorism/political disorder, and health problems at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggest that health problems were seen as the greatest risk, but not excessively so. Mexico and China were seen as the most risky countries to visit, although US residents also considered the USA a relatively dangerous place to spend a vacation. Variations in perceptions of safety between subgroups of respondents were greatest for health problems and least for crime, suggesting that fear of crime is associated with features of everyday life that are less relevant to tourism destinations. The paper concludes by discussing the relevance of the findings for both the tourism sector and criminology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Blackstone's Rule--better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer 2--may serve well for many felony offenses, but it is grossly inadequate for dealing with the most serious criminal matters facing society and millions of other felonies annually in the U.S. The community of criminologists and legal scholars has done little to help. This Article addresses the nature and sources of the problem and how to deal with errors of justice more thoughtfully. It is more productive and more just to manage the false positives and false negatives of justice and balance their respective social costs than follow Blackstone's Rule and focus excessively on wrongful convictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Is there consensus among criminologists about the meaning of informal social control? Some prominent criminologists say no. We conduct a concept consensus review of all articles using the term in the top 10 journals in criminology from 2010 to 2020 to test their dissensus assertion. We found 597 articles that mention informal social control. Of the 228 articles where the term was important to the study, only 41 attempt to define the concept. We assessed each conceptual definition using four definitional elements: subject, action, object, and reason. One or more elements were missing from most conceptual definitions. Combining the mode of the most specified elements, informal social control may mean "residents intervening with youth/children to reduce crime." But dissensus is more common than consensus; authors differ on who applied controls, what those controls were, who was controlled, or the reasons for the control. This raises questions about how to proceed with the study of informal social control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Internal Security is the property of Police Academy in Szczytno and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Derecho Penal y Criminologia is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia, Departamento de Derecho Penal y Criminologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Understanding key trends within the penal field has become a core preoccupation of criminologists in recent decades. However, critical analyses of the emplotment of narratives, or how narratives themselves are constructed and move through the criminal justice system, can be overlooked, a gap that this article aims to address. Drawing on a range of case studies across the criminological literature, the article aims to build on this work by interrogating four key features of policy and practice narratives that have important implications for how we conceptualise, understand and employ narratives to understand policy and practice developments, namely that such narratives are (a) operating at multiple levels of analysis, (b) shaped by diverse and sometimes agonistic voices, (c) informed by vertical and horizontal influences and (d) fluid and dynamic, and as such can vary temporally and situationally. These features and their implications for understanding criminal justice policy and practice developments are explored next, illustrating that policy and practice can flow both into and from narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

State, legal, and medical experts in early twentieth-century Argentina conflated what would today be distinguished as same-sex attraction and trans or nonbinary gender experience. An urban subculture of self-styled maricas was pathologized by criminologists and occasionally targeted by police. Scholarship on these subjects has often focused on medical and cultural representation, situating maricas in the genealogy of homosexuality. This article brings insights from trans studies to several microhistories from police and prison archives in Rosario and Buenos Aires in order to focus on sociocultural practices. In their courtship rituals, romantic and sexual relationships, and household roles, Emilia, Dora, and La Lita engaged both respectability and sexual playfulness as modes of feminine expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is great scope for narrative criminology and historical criminology to come together and, in collaboration, find ways for the practices of each to strengthen the other. Ultimately, both have a shared focus: the stories (past and present) that we use to make sense of crime, and the criminal justice system. This article argues for a historico-narrative approach to criminological research, wherein the research conducted by historical criminologists can be augmented by the types of subjective analysis that are central to narrative criminology. Similarly, the analysis of 'stories' that is the core business of narrative criminologists can only be advanced by a greater engagement with the concept of historical time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following reflection essay is about my journey as a Latina Criminologist and how service shapes my teaching and research. I share how my commitment to service is directly tied to my Latino roots and what I have learned from various academic communities. In addition, I reflect on how hidden forms of service that characterize faculty of color workloads can be devalued by universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green criminologists have employed treadmill of production (ToP) literature to develop explanations for green/environmental crimes, and to describe ToP effects on the enforcement of environmental regulations. That view, however, has not been widely applied empirically. The present study assesses a green political economic explanation of environmental offending across US states, and examines whether the distribution of one measure of the ToP (the concentration of manufacturing facilities), is related to five measures of environmental violations and noncompliance across US states for 2015 US EPA ECHO data. Controlling for the alternative criminological argument that enforcement deters environmental offenders and reduces environmental violations, the outcomes suggest a ToP/manufacturing concentration effect for three of the five measures of environmental violations and noncompliance. The implications and limitations of these findings and further research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the concept of restorative justice from the perspective of a Chinese criminologist. The author advocates for the use of restorative practices beyond the criminal justice system, such as in schools and workplaces, emphasizing the importance of repairing harm caused by offenses. The article discusses the development of restorative justice in different Chinese communities, highlighting its integration with mediation practices and traditional values. However, the implementation of restorative justice in Hong Kong's mainstream criminal justice system has been limited due to challenges such as "mainlandisation" and inadequate resources. Despite these challenges, restorative justice programs have shown positive outcomes and require ongoing commitment and research for improvement. The author concludes that successful implementation of restorative justice requires education, cultural awareness, legislation, and resource allocation. [Extracted from the article]

Relatively few theoretical criminologists are recognized for their lasting impact on public policy, and it is therefore instructive to reconsider a scholar whose influence endures. Donald Cressey wrote a theoretically driven Presidential Commission essay that inspired the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO). He also advanced a theory of "respectable crime" that explains why this act has more extensively been directed downwards to dismantle ethnically organized criminal groups rather than upwards to prosecute elite political conspiracies led, for example, by Chicago Mayor Richard M Daley and US President Donald J Trump. We present case studies of Daley and Trump that illustrate the continuing relevance and underappreciated potential of Cressey's theoretically driven scholarship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Criminal justice and criminology (CCJ), like many academic disciplines, conducts its share of rankings. Citation-based ranks of individual scholars are particularly popular, and they tend to consistently identify the field's supposedly "top" scholars and "academic stars." Whether citations equate with "influence," however, is up for debate. At the least, citation-based metrics are unidimensional and fail to capture attention outside academia. Accordingly, we drew on the work of Cohn et al. and re-ranked top-cited scholars using the Google Chrome "Altmetric it!" bookmarklet. As expected, the Altmetrics methodology fundamentally altered past rankings. The most influential scholars in our rankings, Terrie E. Moffitt and Avshalom Caspi, received higher Altmetric scores than all the remaining ranked scholars combined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivos de Criminología, Criminalística y Seguridad Privada is the property of Sociedad Mexicana de Criminologia Capitulo Nuevo Leon, A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper is aimed at determining the prospects for an increase in the quality of teaching lawyers-criminologists with the help of engineering support by technologies of Industry 4.0 to ensure the security of the biosocial essence of a person within the formation of a socially oriented society. The performed modelling of the econometric dependence of the safety index on the human development index showed that the quality of services to ensure the security of the biosocial essence of a person is by 50.61% explained by the quality of education of lawyers criminologists. The main conclusion of this paper is that the education of lawyers criminologists plays an important role in the support for the security of the biosocial essence of a person. Based on this, a new – educational – approach to ensuring the security of the biosocial essence of a person was proposed. The advantage of the educational approach is a more targeted influence on offenders and the preventive effect of the security of the biosocial essence of a person. The key conclusion as a result of this research is that technologies of Industry 4.0 are necessary for the modern model of an increase in the quality of teaching lawyers-criminologists to ensure the security of the biosocial essence of a person within the creation of a socially oriented society. The practical significance of this paper consists in the fact that the proposed new – educational – approach to ensuring the security of the biosocial essence of a person allows raising the effectiveness of the quality of the model of education of lawyers-criminologists and increasing the quality of the services to ensure the security of the biosocial essence of a person, thus stimulating the accelerated formation of a socially oriented society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie ( KZfSS) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Recognizing the major scholarly contributions to criminology by the noted Irish criminologist, Ian O'Donnell, The Prison Journal invited seven contemporary corrections and punishment scholars to offer insights into O'Donnell's new book, Prison Life: Pain, Resistance, and Purpose. Offering contextually rich descriptions of prisoner life, the text features four case study prisons—H Blocks, Northern Ireland; Eastham Unit, Texas; Isir Bet, Ethiopia; and ADX Florence, Colorado, in pivotal time periods and through an individual's custodial career in each institution. The symposium discussants focus on O'Donnell's conceptual framework—the degree of prison integration, system and staff regulation, and legitimacy —and how these reflect the key interactions between punishment and society across time and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Questionable research practices (QRPs) lead to incorrect research results and contribute to irreproducibility in science. Researchers and institutions have proposed open science practices (OSPs) to improve the detectability of QRPs and the credibility of science. We examine the prevalence of QRPs and OSPs in criminology, and researchers' opinions of those practices. Methods: We administered an anonymous survey to authors of articles published in criminology journals. Respondents self-reported their own use of 10 QRPs and 5 OSPs. They also estimated the prevalence of use by others, and reported their attitudes toward the practices. Results: QRPs and OSPs are both common in quantitative criminology, about as common as they are in other fields. Criminologists who responded to our survey support using QRPs in some circumstances, but are even more supportive of using OSPs. We did not detect a significant relationship between methodological training and either QRP or OSP use. Support for QRPs is negatively and significantly associated with support for OSPs. Perceived prevalence estimates for some practices resembled a uniform distribution, suggesting criminologists have little knowledge of the proportion of researchers that engage in certain questionable practices. Conclusions: Most quantitative criminologists in our sample have used QRPs, and many have used multiple QRPs. Moreover, there was substantial support for QRPs, raising questions about the validity and reproducibility of published criminological research. We found promising levels of OSP use, albeit at levels lagging what researchers endorse. The findings thus suggest that additional reforms are needed to decrease QRP use and increase the use of OSPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is part of the doctoral research entitled Estudio de Pertinencia de los Programas de Formación y Ejercicio Profesional de los Criminólogos en Nuevo León, developed at the Facultad de Filosofía y Letras of the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, with funding from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) in Mexico. This article highlights the importance of scientific research in the areas of criminology and criminalistics and points out four pending areas of development: epistemology and methodology; criminological philosophy; scientific research; and teaching. In Mexico, the organization in charge of guiding scientific and technological activity is CONACYT, of which several areas in which it is linked to criminology and scientific research are presented here. It also shows the process of involvement in the training in science and methodology to be incorporated into the exercise of research and development of knowledge, through quality postgraduate studies. Finally, criminologists in Mexico who are distinguished by the national government as researchers are listed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Municipalities like Montreal penalize what they consider public disturbances through by-law infraction citations, or "tickets," that are issued to people experiencing visible homelessness at a disproportionate rate. This is a pattern we observed over the course of two years during our time at a legal clinic providing legal information to people in precarious housing situations. In this article, we propose that Montreal's by-laws prohibiting public drinking and public intoxication adversely impact unhoused people and are discriminatory under the Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, a quasi-constitutional human rights instrument unique to Quebec. Drawing from research by criminologists and legal geographers, we explore how these by-laws and the judicialization of homelessness violate equality rights, specifically the right to be free from discrimination on the basis of social condition. We develop arguments that can be adopted by legal practitioners advocating for people experiencing various forms of homelessness. Although the Quebec Charter is our analytical starting point, we engage in a comparative discussion of other provincial and territorial human rights legislation--with an eye on developing case law regarding encampments and the use of public spaces across Canada. Moreover, a successful human rights claim using the Quebec Charter may contribute to interpretations of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms that are inclusive of economic and social rights. Indeed, we suggest that judicial recognition in Quebec that people experiencing homelessness are an equity-seeking group may be persuasive in Section 15 claims under the Canadian Charter, which to date does not recognize poverty or homelessness as analogous grounds of discrimination. Les municipalités comme Montréal pénalisent ce qu'elles considèrent comme des troubles à l'ordre public par l'émission de constats d'infractions, ou contraventions, à des règlements municipaux, qui sont remis à un taux disproportionné aux personnes en situation d'itinérance visible. C'est une tendance que nous avons observée pendant deux ans, alors que nous travaillions dans une clinique juridique fournissant de l'information juridique à cette population. Dans cet article, nous proposons que les règlements de Montréal interdisant la consommation d'alcool et l'intoxication en public ont un impact négatif sur les personnes non logées et sont discriminatoires en vertu de la Charte québécoise des droits et libertés de la personne, un instrument quasi-constitutionnel de protection des droits de la personne unique au Québec. En s'appuyant sur la littérature développée par des criminologues et géographes juridiques, nous explorons comment ces règlements et la judiciarisation de l'itinérance violent les droits à l'égalité, en particulier le droit de ne pas être victime de discrimination fondée sur la condition sociale. Nous développons des arguments qui peuvent être adoptés par des juristes qui défendent les personnes vivant diverses formes d'itinérance. Bien que la Charte québécoise soit notre point de départ analytique, nous incorporons une discussion comparative des autres législations provinciales et territoriales en matière de droits de la personne, avec un regard sur le développement de la jurisprudence concernant les campements et l'utilisation des espaces publics à travers le Canada. De plus, nous suggérons qu'une demande fondée sur la Charte québécoise peut contribuer à étayer des interprétations de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés qui englobent des droits économiques et sociaux. En effet, la reconnaissance judiciaire au Québec du fait que les personnes en situation d'itinérance constituent un groupe protégé pourrait être convaincante dans les demandes déposées en vertu de l'article 15 de la Charte canadienne, qui à ce jour, ne reconnaît pas la pauvreté ou l'itinérance comme des motifs analogues de discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual reality (VR) technology offers unique and as yet largely untapped potential for criminology. It can address problems that have traditionally plagued the field, provide an ecologically valid alternative for conventional research methods, and create novel possibilities for theory testing, and it allows for the study of phenomena that are difficult to research in the real world for ethical, safety, or practical reasons. This essay reviews the budding research literature using VR in criminogenic contexts, as well as relevant research from other disciplines, and explains the technology's basic features, current limitations, and ethical challenges. It concludes that within the foreseeable future, VR may become the criminological equivalent of the petri dish, offering the possibility to study the unfolding of highly complex behavioral processes in very detailed ways and help achieve step changes in our understanding of crime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Feminist criminologists have used the concept of 'real rape' – the understanding of rape as a violent act by a stranger – to explain the low prosecution of acquaintance rape in contemporary society. It is argued that the media perpetuates this understanding of rape by focusing on violent assaults by strangers. Systematic analyses of such distortions in press coverage in earlier periods are, however, lacking. This article considers the Netherlands in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, an interesting case because Dutch law explicitly criminalised certain forms of acquaintance assault. The article aims to determine and explain newspaper representations of the relationship between the perpetrator and victim in the coverage of sexual assault. The analysis is based on a dataset of all items on the sexual assault of women and girls in four newspapers and five sample years between 1880 and 1930. The results show that assaults by acquaintances made up only a small proportion of the cases reported in the newspapers. Many of the items match the 'real rape' concept. The evidence suggests the journalists were overreporting violent stranger rapes both because such stories were more easily available and because they carried a more appealing message for readers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last two decades, there has been growing momentum behind efforts to produce policy-related research that is both rigorous and theoretically informed. Yet despite broad disciplinary support for translational criminology and its attendant effects on bridging the gap between criminological research and practice, the movement has faced a number of challenges. Some of these have arisen within the discipline itself, including resistance by criminologists who claim that researchers should avoid making policy recommendations due to the causal uncertainty of our scientific knowledge. Others, however, emanate from the applied settings in which efforts to advance translational criminology and evidence-based criminal justice policy are being undertaken. Chief among these is the role of politics. In this article, we begin by tracing the development of criminology, including its focus on causality and more recent embrace of translational efforts. Then, drawing on examples from state and local translational initiatives, we discuss a range of political considerations and impediments, their potential effects on translational efforts, and promising practices for translational criminologists to consider. We conclude by underscoring the importance of establishing a more prominent role for translational criminology and ways in which we, as criminologists, must adapt to achieve this goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Criminologists have witnessed the significant growth of Asian Criminology since the establishment of the Asian Criminological Society. This paper reviews the development of Asian Criminology to answer key conceptual questions and clarify confusion and misunderstandings and their associated mistaken implications. The paper elaborates on the key concepts, mission, approach, and paradigm of Asian Criminology to further point out special opportunities provided by diverse contexts in Asia to enhance the discipline of criminology. It also discusses the approach for the future growth of criminology in Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]