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This paper reflects on what we learnt about teaching geography during the COVID-19 pandemic. We interrogate how we, as geography educators working in different contexts, navigated the novel teaching spaces created during the pandemic using two key registers; courageous and compassionate pedagogies. Our premise is that understanding in more nuanced form the approaches we took to creating courageous and compassionate education during the pandemic may help geography educators to thrive when delivering future-facing education. Our approach was to write and share vignettes of our pandemic teaching upon which we (asynchronously) collectively reflected; creating emergent themes described in this paper. This approach to structured peer learning derives from our commitment to education as a collective endeavour. We argue that the disruption caused by the early pandemic required geography educators to focus attention explicitly on areas previously taken as given. Geography educators slowed down by: (1) recognising educator and student embodiment in a novel context; (2) prioritising listening, acknowledging and sharing with students; and (3) paying attention to and respecting difference amongst learners and colleagues. We propose that consciously adopting these approaches will support geography educators and their students in rapidly changing circumstances across educational, employment and climate contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although clinical social work seeks to center the transformative potential of human relationships, practitioners are experiencing heightened systemic and organizational impingements from the dehumanizing pressures of neoliberalism. Neoliberalism and racism diminish the vitality and transformative potential of human relationships, disproportionately affecting Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) communities. Practitioners are also experiencing increased stress and burnout related to increased caseloads and decreased professional autonomy and organizational practitioner support. Holistic, culturally responsive, and anti-oppressive processes seek to counter these oppressive forces but need further development to synthesize antioppressive structural understandings with embodied relational interactions. Practitioners can potentially contribute to efforts that apply critical theories and antioppressive understandings within their practice and workplace. Through an iterative flow of three sets of practices, the RE/UN/DIScover heuristic supports practitioners' efforts to respond in those challenging everyday moments where oppressive forms of power are imposed and embedded within systemic processes. With themselves and other colleagues, practitioners engage in compassionate REcover practices; use curious, critical reflection to UNcover full understandings of power dynamics, impacts, and meanings; and draw on creative courage to DIScover and enact socially just and humanizing responses. This paper describes how practitioners can use the RE/UN/DIScover heuristic in two common challenging moments of clinical practice: systemic practice impingements and implementing a new training or practice model. The heuristic seeks to support practitioners' efforts to preserve and expand socially just, relational spaces for themselves and those with whom they work within the context of systemic dehumanizing neoliberal forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Russian information campaign left much to be desired. The subsequent discussion underlines the importance of information in conflict situations. The British and Netherlands Army both focus on information manoeuvre. This article therefore first discusses what information manoeuvre is and how it originated. Furthermore, this article also discusses, when information manoeuvre is used, what should specifically be engaged? This involves two leverage points, trust and perceptions. Finally, this article discusses that the application of information maoeuvre requires courage on the one hand but, on the other, that careful and ethical considerations are needed before information manoeuvre is used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a behaviour many counselling psychologists encounter in practice, and the way clinician's respond can have an important impact on the individual's experience of recovery. The person-centred NSSI recovery framework incorporates the voices of lived experience in understanding the multi-faceted nature of recovery. Objectives: This paper outlines important considerations for how the recovery framework can guide clinicians with respect to both therapeutic stance and intervention targets in order to support clients in navigating their experience of NSSI and recovery. Implications: Clinicians should adopt a strengths-based approach and foster self-efficacy and self-compassion with persons with lived experience. This paper provides specific recommendations for counselling psychologists and their clients, including encouraging clinicians to avoid making assumptions about the causes, meanings, and outcomes of self-injury, and to be cognizant of the non-linear nature of the recovery process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the International Arthurian Society is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses' (AACN) "Courage to Soar" theme in September 2024. Topics covered include the consideration of three questions on courage by critical care nurses, and the manifestation of courage in critical care clinical research when investigators are willing to admit lack of knowledge and confront current practices. Also noted is the issue of disregard or acceptance of a long-standing clinical problem by critical care nurses.

Multicultural scholars suggest that effective Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) training must raise awareness of prejudice and racism while also including strategies for changing behavior by developing certain approach goals (e.g. the goal of becoming a more courageous and patient person). This study examines how virtue interventions that cultivate courage and patience may be a useful approach for increasing motivation to respond without prejudice during interracial interactions. Virtue interventions were tested in 292 White college students (69.2% female; MAge = 20.9) across four conditions (control, virtue only/no race salience, virtue and race salient, and race salient/no virtue). Results suggest that White college students receiving the virtue/race salient intervention increased internal motivation to respond without prejudice, but those who received the race salient/no virtue condition reported decreased levels of courage and decreased motivation to respond without prejudice. Findings are discussed in light of positive psychology, DEI, anti-racism training and interventions, and virtue development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Compassion fatigue in nursing interns contributes to career indecision and worsens the nursing shortage. While work environment and psychological factors are well-studied, the ethical dimension remains unexplored. Understanding these mechanisms, particularly the role of moral courage, is essential for designing interventions to combat compassion fatigue and address the workforce crisis. This study investigates the influence of moral courage on compassion fatigue among Chinese nursing interns, focusing on the mediating roles of moral sensitivity and professional identity. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted in accordance with the STROBE guidelines. We used the convenience sampling method to recruit 467 nursing interns from four public junior colleges in Hunan Province, China in February, 2024. Data were collected using Compassion Fatigue Short Scale, Moral Courage Scale, Revised Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire, and Professional Identity Scale. Data analyses were conducted using SPSS 22.0 and Amos 21.0. Results: The modified model exhibited a good fit (χ2/df = 3.437, AGFI = 0.928, IFI = 0.984, TLI = 0.976, CFI = 0.984, NFI = 0.977, RMSEA = 0.072). Moral sensitivity positively influenced both moral courage and professional identity, while professional identity negatively impacted compassion fatigue. Importantly, the effect of moral courage on compassion fatigue was entirely mediated by moral sensitivity and professional identity (β = -0.114, P = 0.001). Conclusion: This study suggests that moral courage in nursing interns mitigates compassion fatigue through the combined mediating effects of moral sensitivity and professional identity. Ethics education programs fostering moral courage, moral sensitivity, and professional values in nursing students could be crucial in alleviating compassion fatigue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Public health nursing is grounded in public health ideologies and fundamental nursing values. Researchers have argued that ethical responsibility from the perspective of the nurse is an understudied phenomenon. This meta-ethnography provides in-depth knowledge of how public health nurses (PHNs) experience ethical responsibility when working to prevent injury and disease, and promote health and well-being in children, young people and their families. There are reciprocal findings across the 10 included studies. The findings reveal that these nurses often feel alone, have worries and uncertainties and are afraid of doing wrong. They describe unclear boundaries in their work, creating a heightened sense of responsibility. PHNs fight lonely battles. Yet they show courage and commitment and are ready to stand up and fight for children and families who do not receive adequate care. A line of argument is developed and the metaphorical phrase Chivalrous knights in moral armour is used to express the authors' overall interpretations of the findings. Reflection on the findings shows how the different dimensions of ethical responsibility are interconnected. The nurses' ethical sensitivity enables them to feel compassion for others and they show indignation when vulnerable others are not treated with dignity and respect. Indignation and compassion are interrelated, and when human life and dignity are threatened, the ethical demand to respond emerges. Indignation is a precursor to moral courage, and the nurses' moral sensitivity and respect for their clients emboldens them to stand up for vulnerable others. The findings also illustrate the paradoxical nature of freedom. Freedom of choice due to unclear boundaries heightens the nurses' sense of responsibility. This research is an important step in theory development and has implications for further research, education and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, scholars and practitioners alike have devoted increased attention to the psychological well-being of student-athletes. However, to date, far less research has examined the role of virtues, religion, and spirituality in contributing to well-being in student-athlete populations. In this study, we attempt to address these gaps by (a) assessing the association between trait courage, an understudied virtue in the sporting realm, and mental well-being, and then (b) considering how student-athletes' attachment to God might moderate the association between trait courage and depressive symptoms. Drawing on a sample of 415 student-athletes from the USA, regression results illustrate that courage was not significantly associated with lower depressive symptoms among student-athletes. However, a secure attachment to God appeared to function as a compensatory resource for student-athletes lacking in courage. On the contrary, athletes with low trait courage but who reported greater avoidant attachment to God reported greater depressive symptoms. Taken together, a more positive relationship with God could help provide athletes with lower trait courage a way to find meaning and strength that helps them with emotion-regulation strategies to deal with the pressures within and beyond their sport. This study clearly shows that greater attention should be paid to the religious and spiritual development of student-athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Positive Drinking Consequences Questionnaire (PDCQ) was developed to measure positive consequences of alcohol use endorsed by college drinkers. Efforts to assess positive drinking consequences experienced by adolescents have been much more limited. The aim of the present study was to advance the psychometric testing and evaluation of the factor structure of the PDCQ in adolescents. Methods: The current sample consisted of 173 adolescents at T1 (mean age = 15 years, range = 13–17; 61% female) who reported alcohol use in the past 12 months. Data were collected at two time points over a 12‐month interval in the United States. Confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and discriminant, concurrent, predictive, and incremental validity were tested. Results: Our analyses supported four factors of positive alcohol‐related consequences: sociability, liquid courage, sexual enhancement, and tension reduction. Internal consistency was moderate to high (α = 0.78–0.94, ω = 0.86–0.91 at T1; α = 0.59–0.93, ω = 0.85–0.93 at T2). Test–retest reliability was fair to good (ICC = 0.46–0.55). The PDCQ total and subscale factor scores demonstrated discriminant validity from negative alcohol expectancy. PDCQ total and subscale factor scores were positively associated with current alcohol consumption (ρs = 0.19–0.50 at T1; ρs = 0.17–0.46 at T2), indicating concurrent validity. Predictive validity analyses showed that the overall PDCQ scale score and the sociability subscale positively predicted maximum drinks 1 year later (ρs = 0.18–0.22). However, the sexual enhancement subscale was negatively predictive of typical drinking frequency 1 year later. Finally, the PDCQ showed incremental validity for concurrent alcohol consumption beyond that for alcohol expectancies and drinking motives. Conclusion: The present findings support for the reliability and validity of PDCQ for use in adolescents where it may have utility as an assessment tool for characterizing various aspects of positive drinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Projective tests, which were thought to provide key insights concerning motivation, have largely disappeared from personality psychology. Participants in the present studies (total N = 924) were presented with a Revised Animal Preference Test (RAPT) that quantifies desires to be predator animals in a reliable manner. Drawing from several literatures, including the psychopathy literature, it was hypothesized that higher levels of predator self-identification would be linked to higher levels of fearlessness as well as lower levels of negative emotionality. Consistent with this analysis, participants wishing to be predator (relative to prey) animals scored lower in neuroticism (Study 1), responded to physical threat scenarios in a fearless manner (Study 2), and exhibited lower levels of emotionality in their daily lives (Study 3). The RAPT appears to assess motivations that are linked with callous-unemotional functioning. The findings can be extended, however, and future directions are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Grit, resilience and a growth‐mindset influence students' ability to positively adapt to the challenges of health professional training. However, it is unclear if interventions can improve these traits. This systematic review aimed to explore if interventions can improve these traits in health professional students (primary) and their impact on academic and/or wellbeing outcomes (secondary). Methods: A comprehensive search of CINAHL, MEDLINE, Eric and Embase was conducted from inception until 15 March 2023. Randomised or non‐randomised controlled trials and single‐group intervention studies that aimed to improve health professional students' resilience, grit and/or growth‐mindset were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently screened studies for inclusion and evaluated quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Post‐intervention data from randomised and non‐randomised control trials were pooled using a random‐effects model to calculate standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Resilience interventions improved resilience by a moderate amount in 13 studies with 990 participants (pooled SMD 0.74, 95%CI 0.03 to 1.46) and a large amount when interventions were greater than one session duration in 10 trials with 740 participants (pooled SMD 0.97, 95%CI 0.08 to 1.85). Grit and growth‐mindset interventions improved grit (pooled SMD 0.48, 95%CI −0.05 to 1.00, n = 2) and growth‐mindset (pooled SMD 0.25, 95%CI −0.18 to 0.68, n = 2) by a small amount. Resilience interventions decreased perceived stress by a small amount (pooled SMD −0.38, 95%CI −0.62 to −0.14, n = 5). Conclusions: Resilience interventions improve resilience and decrease perceived stress in health professional students. Preliminary evidence suggests grit and growth‐mindset interventions may also benefit health professional students. Interventions may be most effective when they are longer than one session and targeted to students with low baseline levels of resilience and grit. Interventions to promote grit, resilience and growth‐mindsets in health professional students are reviewed with implicatons outlined for educators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Personalized medicine, an emerging approach, considers individual differences to tailor treatments optimally. Persian medicine (PM) incorporates individual differences through Mizāj (temperament). A comprehensive understanding of each Mizaj type's characteristics is essential in designing standardized diagnostic tools. Objectives: This study aims to explore the attributes of one of the most significant Mizaj groups, namely cold-wet Mizaj, and its subtypes, including cold-wet Su-e-Mizaj (dystemperament), as well as phlegm dominance in PM sources. Methods: Persian medicine literature, including the Canon of Medicine, was reviewed for relevant concepts. Reliable scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and MagIran, were searched using keywords such as Mizaj, temperament, Su-e-Mizaj, dystemperament, cold-wet dystemperament, phlegm, and Balgham. The obtained results were studied and categorized. Results: Out of the 196 articles obtained related to Mizaj, 16 investigated indices. No studies were found on the indices of coldwet Mizaj and phlegm dominance separately. PM sources exhibit high congruence in describing the characteristics of cold-wet Mizaj. Specifically, emphasis is placed on characteristics such as coldness and softness of the skin to the touch, high fat mass, pale and white complexion, excessive body secretions, weakness and slowness of physical and physiological actions, low vitality, timidity, poor memory, and slow-wittedness. In cold-wet dystemperament, symptoms are more severe, and in the presence of phlegm, a feeling of heaviness is also mentioned as a specific symptom. Conclusions: By compiling indices of cold-wet Mizaj/dystemperament and phlegm dominance, this study can contribute to the development of standardized PM questionnaires, facilitating a personalized approach to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Methods Results Conclusions As suicide remains a global public health concern, recent work has sought to characterize mechanisms underlying the transition from suicidal ideation to action. Acquired capability for suicide, or fearlessness about death, has been identified as one key factor underlying this transition; however, understanding how this capability emerges remains limited. This study sought to extend previous work on the correlates of fearlessness about death by examining its relationship with painful and provocative events and emotional reactivity.We tested the extent to which trait emotional reactivity and past self‐injurious behavior moderated the relationship between assaultive trauma exposure and fearlessness about death in a diverse sample of 273 community adults (aged 18–55, M/SD = 32.77/10.78).A three‐way interaction emerged, such that among individuals with heightened emotional reactivity and a history of self‐injurious behavior (suicide attempt or non‐suicidal self‐injury), assaultive trauma was associated with increased fearlessness about death. In contrast, among adults with low emotional reactivity and a history of self‐injurious behavior, assaultive trauma was associated with reduced fearlessness about death.Results suggest that emotional reactivity may be a key dispositional factor that influences how trauma exposure and self‐injurious behavior impact fearlessness about death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children’s reading for pleasure is associated with significant academic and personal benefits and is widely recognised as an effective way to leverage social change, yet in schools this is not fully capitalised upon. The authors connect extant research in this area to the seminal concepts of Funds of Knowledge and Funds of Identity to advance the notion of Funds of Courage and unify literature on dark Funds of Identity and subjective sense, in order to put forward a volitional reading agenda that resonates with the urgent need to innovate reading curricula. The authors argue that the twin psychological pillars of Funds of Courage – resilience and vulnerability – can enable teachers to progress children’s volitional reading practices more reciprocally and thus play a role in advancing social justice. In drawing on examples from recent work with both emergent and established readers, primarily focused on early years and early primary education in England, they seek to widen conceptual and practical understanding in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a meeting between a psychologist and three members of a first-response team in a kibbutz who experienced a traumatic event during a war. The men describe their experiences of trying to save lives and the feelings of abandonment and despair they felt when the army withdrew. The article explores the concept of courage and the importance of listening to one's values in times of crisis. The author emphasizes the need for human responsibility and the reliability of the world. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the intersection of psychoanalysis and Buddhism in the context of the Israel-Palestine tragedy. It emphasizes the importance of transformation and cultivating a sense of Oneness in order to address the broken selves and collective suffering in the world. The author references the work of Heinz Kohut and highlights the role of psychoanalysis as a cultural selfobject in preserving and cultivating collective and individual selves. The article also shares a personal experience of hope and solidarity between Jewish and Arab communities in Israel. [Extracted from the article]

During the English Civil War and subsequent Restoration, beekeeping provided a ready set of moral examples for those seeking answers about the 'natural' structure of society. The practice itself also underwent a number of substantial changes, moving from a traditional craft practice to a more knowledge-focused, technologically complex one. The advent of glass-windowed hives in the latter half of the sixteenth century allowed intellectuals from across the political spectrum to directly observe bees as a way of gathering knowledge about how to understand the divine plan and, with that understanding, improve human society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay critically examines Peter Sloterdijk’s Zorn und Zeit. Politisch-psychologischer Versuch (Rage and Time. A Psychopolitical Investigation) and his attempt to rehabilitate a culture of thymos, i.e. a culture of self-confidence and self-assertion, whose emotional agent Sloterdijk sees in rage. As an alternative to Achilles’ rage in Homer’s Iliad, Sloterdijk’s ancient reference, I will propose Ovid’s Metamorphoses as another literary origin of thymos. Against this background, I aim to defend the legitimacy of thymos, but to give it a different profile than Sloterdijk does, namely that of a creative and culturally productive energy that dismantles the tradition of warlike heroism and is pacifist at its core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To those who find genuine dialogue embracing difference nearly impossible in an atmosphere of hate and violent polarization, Martin Buber's notion of the "unity of contraries" can seem absurd. In response, this article contends that the unity-of-contraries approach requires dialogic courage. This article explores the connections between the unity of contraries, the absurd, and dialogic courage through the case study of Mother Catherine Abrikosova and the Russian Dominican Catholic community she founded amid twentieth century Soviet persecution of Catholics. Her heroic communicative response to the absurdity of Soviet censorship, religious intolerance, and violence was informed by a unity-of-contraries identity that flourished rather than decayed as a result of radical difference. Together with the coordinates of Alasdair MacIntyre's notion of networks of giving and receiving and Ronald C. Arnett's concept of tenacious hope, dialogic courage is proposed as an essential communicative orientation for the current historical moment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite high rates of suicide among people with psychosis, relatively little is known about the mechanisms underlying the transition from suicidal ideation to behavior in this population. The Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS) proposes that fearlessness about death (FAD) may play a role in this relationship. The present study tested whether constructs of the IPTS [thwarted belongingness (TB), perceived burdensomeness (PB), and FAD] were associated with the severity of suicidal ideation in a sample of adults with histories of psychosis. 261 adults with histories of psychosis completed measures of IPTS constructs, current severity of suicidal ideation, and history of suicidal attempts. We examined differences between those with past suicide attempts and those without and conducted regression analyses to evaluate the associations among TB, PB, FAD and severity of current suicidal ideation. Contrary to expectations, a history of suicidal behavior was not uniquely associated with FAD. Regression analyses revealed TB × PB and FAD × PB interactions emerged as significant correlates of the severity of suicidal ideation, with the relationship between PB and suicidal ideation more pronounced at higher levels of FAD and TB. Interestingly, positive symptoms of psychosis were positively associated with PB. This study provides support for broadening the investigation of FAD as a contributor to suicidal ideation in individuals with psychotic symptoms. Future research investigating the role of other contributors that may influence capability for suicide (e.g., impulsivity) may add additional understanding of suicide in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Responding to the work of Juliane Vogel, this essay draws on Elizabethan stagecraft, Shakespearean dramaturgy, and philosophies of courage in order to analyze the forms of self-disclosure and new birth that accompany theatrical entrances. Across Shakespeare's dramatic writing, risky circumstances prompt characters to enter situations that require courage from both actors and the characters they become. Drawing on Aristotle's notions of dunamis (power, capacity) and energeia (actualization), Hannah Arendt finds courage in every movement into the dramatic field of self-disclosure, where agents entrust the impact and import of their deeds to the responses of others. In The Courage to Be, Paul Tillich presents courage as a confrontation with the indeterminacies of being; for Tillich, courage means affirming being in the face of nonbeing. From Aristotle and Shakespeare to Arendt and Tillich, courage names the dynamic surge into visibility, relationality, and provisional form that characterizes the entrance in Shakespearean drama and in the theater of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"How does the entrance of a character on the tragic stage affect their visibility and presence? "This question is at the heart of Juliane Vogel's latest book, Making an Entrance: Appearing on the Stage from Racine to Nietzsche (2022), which analyzes the precarious act of stepping forward and, at the same time, develops a new theory of dramatic form. Taking Vogel's approach as a starting point, this essay examines the specific mode of entering the stage in Sophocles's nostos play Philoctetes. It argues that plot-based interpretation is insufficient to account for the structure of the play and the specific type of entrance that Philoctetes embodies. This kind of entrance differs strongly from the so-called ruler's entrance, which prominently exhibits a vertical posture. In Philoctetes, by contrast, as in the Woman of Trachis, the horizontal axis is dominant. In both plays, relinquishing the vertical axis entails shifting the focus from war and military heroism to victims, who were either killed on the battlefield or, as Philoctetes, abandoned on a deserted island. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document contains summaries of three articles related to physical medicine and rehabilitation. The first article discusses the improvement of walking ability in women with vertebral compression fractures. The second article examines musculoskeletal symptoms in adolescents receiving homeschooling during the COVID-19 pandemic. The third article analyzes current practice trends in physical medicine and rehabilitation. [Extracted from the article]

In the dynamic and complex landscape of health care, rekindling innovation requires a blend of courage, connection, and joy. This article, drawing from an interview with Dr Marilyn Chow, a recognized "Living Legend" by the American Academy of Nursing (AAN), outlines a transformative approach for nurse leaders. Marilyn emphasizes the significance of listening to staff, patients, and communities, taking appreciative and incremental steps toward innovation, and fostering an environment where risks are encouraged and voices are amplified. Through her narrative, we explore how nurse leaders can inspire their teams, lead with joy, and drive impactful change, offering a blueprint for leading with intention and creating a legacy of innovation and care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability to think creatively has a vital role in the development of preschool children. This research provides a comprehensive review of innovative approaches and strategies for developing creative thinking in preschool children based on current trends and methodologies used in educational settings. This research shows three significant areas: (a) creative thinking skills in preschool children, (b) factors influencing creative thinking skills in depth, and (c) innovative strategies and approaches to stimulate creative thinking abilities in preschool children. This research uses a literature study method assisted by the publish perish application to find reference sources related to creative thinking abilities in preschool children. Studies show that creative thinking abilities in preschool children enable them to find innovative solutions, help them adapt to challenges, foster self-confidence and courage, and enrich their experience and knowledge of the world around them. Meanwhile, preschool children's creative thinking abilities are influenced by collaboration from the external environment (parents, teachers, and society); providing support and examples for children to develop and stimulate their creative thinking skills is very important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the umbrella of sustainable development, the bioeconomy presents one vision for overcoming complex sustainability challenges, such as climate change, by replacing non-renewable resources with renewable biological resources. But how will the efforts to implement this transition be received by the general public? Among Norwegians, the acceptance of a bioeconomic transition appears to be relatively high, and this study identifies critical enabling conditions in Norway that may be necessary to foster social acceptance in other countries as well. We employed a theoretical framework of social acceptance to demonstrate the complexity of this social phenomenon as a basis for an open and qualitative methodological approach. The study finds that trust, extinguished hopes of a pure life and intrepidness are enabling conditions that make people more receptive to new developments and future cultural adaption. As these fear averse conditions are not experienced globally, lower social acceptance of a bioeconomic transition can be expected elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Shāhnama, valor is a fundamental and extensive concept, interlinked with other notions such as wisdom, nobility, warriorship, courage, and reputation. This article aims to examine how the concept of valor is linguistically and visually expressed in Shāhnama; what conceptual metaphors has Ferdowsi employed to elucidate the concept of valor in his poetry, and what techniques has the miniature artist utilized to visualize these metaphors? Has the artist merely adhered to the text or employed creative approaches to convey this concept? To answer these questions, the research adopts George Lakoff and Mark Johnson's conceptual metaphor theory as its theoretical framework. The miniatures are selected from the Houghton (Tahmāsebi) Shāhnama, and their analysis is conducted using Kress and van Leeuwen's social semiotic approach to visual analysis. The findings indicate that, in addition to employing conventional elements such as the appearance of actors, composition, information value, framing, and salience, the miniature artist has utilized elements of performance like participant presence, scene requirements, and vector types to create action. Furthermore, relational elements such as point of view, distance, and contact have been used to depict conceptual metaphors of valor. In some of these images, the artist has been innovative in representing these metaphors, sometimes aligning with the overall narrative and sometimes diverging from it. Techniques such as salience, composition, and framing have been employed to augment and intensify the meaning of heroic metaphors in the miniatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the background of reported high distress among medical students and health professionals, character building at the level of health institutions may be helpful for augmenting academic performance and nurturing well-being during the training period of budding health professionals. Aim: This study aims to assess non-cognitive positive traits, particularly Values in Action-character strengths related to the virtue of courage among trainees and doctors. It may reveal the association of challenging situations being faced in health profession with inculcation of the virtue of courage. Materials and Methods: Data regarding character strengths profile with reference to the psychological virtue of courage among students and residents of dental institution (n = 54) were collected and analyzed. Results: Participants of all the three groups were found to display at least a minimum of each of the character strengths included in the virtue of courage. Perseverance was significantly higher in postgraduate students than undergraduate students and senior residents. Recurrent physician burnout has been reported to be associated with distress symptoms during their medical education at least once. Conclusion: Positive institutions may play an important role to reduce the intensity and incidence of distress sequelae among medical students by taking initiatives for character building, with reference to augmenting character strengths of virtue of courage.