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Burn injuries represent a significant problem in clinical practice due to the high risk of infection and the prolonged healing process. Recently, more attention has been given to natural remedies such as water extracts of various medicinal plants, which possess anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Satureja montana L. and other water extracts in a burn wound model. The study involved male Californian rabbits (n = 52) divided into eight groups. Burn wounds were modeled on the animals and subsequently treated with gels based on Satureja montana L. and other water extracts. The reparative potential of the epidermis (assessed by Ki-67 expression), the state of local immunity (measured by the number of CD-45 cells), and the anti-inflammatory role of mast cells (measured by tryptase levels) were evaluated. Bacteriological and morphological studies were conducted. The most pronounced bactericidal, reparative, and immunostimulatory effects were observed after the treatment using a gel mixture of water extracts from Satureja montana L., Salvia sclarea, Coriandrum sativum L., and Lavandula angustifolia in equal proportions (1:1:1:1). The other gels also demonstrated high efficacy in treating burn wounds, especially when using a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to several antibiotics. Immunohistochemical studies showed a significant increase in the number of Ki-67-positive cells in the basal layer of the epidermis and a decrease in the number of CD-45-positive cells, indicating improved proliferative activity and reduced inflammation. This study confirms the hypothesis that the use of water extract mixtures significantly enhances the reparative potential, improves the immune response in the treatment of burns, and promotes wound healing. These findings pave the way for further research and the application of complex phytotherapeutic agents, specifically water extracts of medicinal plants containing phenols and antioxidants in burn wound therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is a member of the Umbelliferae/Apiaceae family and one of the well-known essential oil-containing plants, in which the seeds are used in traditional medicine, and as flavoring in food preparation. Knowing the diverse chemical components of different parts of the plant, this work aims to investigate the antioxidant, the anti-inflammatory, and the immunostimulatory modulator effects of the Jordanian C. sativum's seed extracted essential oil (JCEO). Coriander oil extract was prepared by hydro-distillation method using the Clevenger apparatus. Different concentrations of coriander oil were examined by using DPPH radical scavenging assay, MTT assay, pro-inflammatory cytokine (Tumor Necrosis Factor-TNF-alpha) production in RAW264.7 murine macrophages in addition, scratch-wound assessment, NO level examination, Th1/Th2 assay, phagocytosis assay, and fluorescence imaging using DAPI stain were conducted. JCEO had a potential metabolic enhancer effect at a concentration of 0.3 mg/mL on cell viability with anti-inflammatory activities via increasing cytokines like IL-10, IL-4, and limiting NO, INF-γ, and TNF-α release into cell supernatant. Antioxidant activity was seen significantly at higher concentrations of JCEO reaching 98.7% when using 100mg/mL and minimally reaching 50% at 12.5mg/mL of the essential oil. Treated macrophages were able to attain full scratch closure after 48-hrs at concentrations below 0.3mg/mL. The seed-extracted JCEO showed significant free radical scavenging activity even at lower dilutions. It also significantly induced an anti-inflammatory effect via an increase in the release of cytokines but reduced the LPS-induced NO and TNF-α production at 0.16–0.3mg/mL. In summary, coriander essential oil demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulatory effects, showcasing its therapeutic potential at specific concentrations. The findings underscore its safety and metabolic enhancement properties, emphasizing its promising role in promoting cellular health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Natural anticancer phytochemical compounds derived from plant materials have recently been used as a beginning point for drug discovery. • Salix mucronata and Triticum spelta have high direct antioxidant activities and highest apoptotic effect. • It could be attributed to their highest potential in suppressing NF-κB-mediated pro-oxidant and oncogene activation and enhancing transcriptional activation of NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2) mediated stimulation of antioxidant mediators. • Salix mucronata and Triticum spelta edible extracts represent promising antioxidant-dependent pro-apoptotic agents for eradicating different types of cancer cells. It has been known that free radical generation is associated with cancer; therefore, finding an efficient antioxidant therapy is highly mandated. It was discovered that some plants were very effective in treating diseases caused by oxidative stress; namely, Salix mucronata, Triticum spelta, Mentha, Apium graveolens, Coriandrum sativum, Cuminum cyminum, Senna alexandrina, Thymus vulgaris, Anethum graveolens, and Santalum album. Their components with functional properties (phenolic and flavonoids) were identified, along with their ability to scavenge radicals of nitrogen and oxygen, reduce power, and chelate metals. Accordingly, human lung (A549), breast (MDA-MB 231), and liver (Huh7) cancer cells were used to assess the antioxidant-mediated antiproliferative activity of these substances. To evaluate the apoptotic activity of previous plants in the treatment of cancer cells, flow cytometry analysis and caspase activity were employed. Moreover, redox-sensitive factors' fold changes in transcriptional activation and gene expression (nuclear factor kappa (NF-κ) B and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), respectively) were evaluated. Salix mucronata and Triticum spelta demonstrated the highest apoptosis-mediated antiproliferative effect. Their extracts were shown to be enriched with active polyphenolic chemicals (vanillic acid, gallic acid, protochateuic acid, and pyrochatechol) according to HPLC analysis, which may be responsible for their strong antiproliferative properties. Hence, further research employing an animal model is mandatory to fully understand these plant extracts, which provide a potential natural surrogate therapy for apoptosis-mediated cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coriander, caraway, and mystical cumin are famous for their aromatic properties and widely used in Moroccan cuisine. The nutritional/phytochemical composition of their seeds (used for food flavoring and preservation) were compared. Their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and hepatotoxic effects were also explored. The fat content was similar among the samples (13%), with monounsaturated fatty acids being predominant. The coriander and mystical cumin seeds were extremely rich in C18:1n9c (81 and 85%, respectively) while, in the caraway, C18:1n12 (25%) was found together with C18:1n9c (32%). The caraway seeds also presented a higher proportion of C18:2n6c (34%) than the other seeds (13 and 8%, correspondingly). γ-Tocotrienol was the major vitamin E form in all the samples. The caraway seeds contained double the amount of protein (~18%) compared to the other seeds (~8%) but, qualitatively, the amino acid profiles among all seeds were similar. The seeds were also rich in dietary fiber (40–53%); however, differences were found in their fiber profiles. Caraway showed the highest antioxidant profile and anti-inflammatory activity and an LC-DAD-ESI/MSn analysis revealed great differences in the phenolic profiles of the samples. Cytotoxicity (NCI-H460, AGS, MCF-7, and CaCo2) and hepatotoxicity (RAW 264.7) were not observed. In sum, besides their flavoring/preservation properties, these seeds are also relevant source of bioactive compounds with health-promoting activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since 2012, growers of coriander, Coriandrum sativum L., in Israel have been suffering from summer wilting that can result in entire fields collapsing. The current study aimed to determine the cause of the phenomenon and find a genetic solution to the problem. The disease was reproduced in a growth chamber using naturally-infested soil from a commercial field. Wilt became apparent within two weeks, and after ten weeks, all plants died compared to plants in sterilized soil from the same source. Fusarium oxysporum was isolated from infected plants, and Koch's postulates were completed. Sequence analysis of the Elongation Factor (EF1α) encoding gene of the pathogen had a 99.54% match to F. oxysporum f. sp. coriandrii. Several coriander varieties were screened for resistance or tolerance to the disease. In four independent experiments, only the cultivar 'Smadi' showed high tolerance, while other genotypes were susceptible. In a trial in a naturally infested field, the cultivar 'Smadi' outperformed the commercial cultivar 'Blair'. 'Smadi' provides a cropping solution to many Israeli farmers, yet this winter cultivar bolts early in the summer. There is a further need to characterize the tolerance mechanism and inheritance for informed breeding of late-bolting Fusarium-resistant coriander. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current work aims to investigate if the fibres extracted from the seeds of Coriandrum sativum and Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) coated fibres can be used as a low-cost bio-sorbent for the removal of dyes, antibiotics, and heavy metal from the aqueous medium. Moisture content, ash content, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin in the fibre have been determined, and the other characteristics were studied using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Zeta Potential analysis, and X-ray Diffraction analysis. The seeds and their fibres were coated with Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs), and characterization studies were carried out. Different adsorbents were discovered to effectively remove various adsorbates under ideal circumstances which were optimized. The removal of anionic and cationic dyes, heavy metal, and antibiotics via the process of adsorption by the extracted fibres and SPION-coated Coriandrum sativum fibres has been explored along with different isotherm models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Coriandrum sativum L. essential oil (CS-EO) is being evaluated in vitro for its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, and its volatile compounds are to be identified as part of this exploratory study. Methods: The processes underlying the in vitro biological properties were explained using in silico simulations, including drug-likeness prediction, molecular docking, and pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity -ADMET). Chemical screening of CS-EO was conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Five in vitro complementary techniques were used to assess the antioxidant activity of CS-EO: reducing power (RP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, β-Carotene bleaching test (BCBT), and phosphomolybdenum assay (TAC). Results: According to GC-MS analysis, linalool (59.04%), γ-Terpinene (13.02%), and α-Pinene (6.83%) are the main constituents of CS-EO. Based on the in vitro antioxidant assay results, CS-EO has been found to have a superior antioxidant profile. Its estimated scavenging rates for ABTS+ are 0.51 ± 0.04 mg/mL, BCBT is 9.02 ± 0.01 mg/mL, and CS-EO is 1.52 ± 0.14 mg/mL. C. sativum demonstrated 6.13 ± 0.00 μg/mL for reducing power and 213.44 ± 0.45 mg AAE/mL for total antioxidant activity. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of CS-EO was assessed against five strains, including two gram-positive bacteria, two gram-negative bacteria, and one fungal strain (Candida albicans). Significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against all strains were found using the disc-diffusion assay, with zones of inhibition larger than 15 mm. The microdilution test highlighted the lowest MIC and MBC values with gram-positive bacteria, ranging from 0.0612 to 0.125% v/v for MIC and 0.125% v/v for MBC. The fungal strain's MFC was 1.0% v/v and its MIC was measured at 0.5%. Based on the MBC/MIC and MFC/MIC ratios, CSEO exhibits bactericidal and fungicidal activity. The ADMET study indicates that the primary CS-EO compounds are good candidates for the development of pharmaceutical drugs due to their favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Conclusion: These results point to a potential application of this plant as a natural remedy and offer empirical backing for its traditional uses. It is a promising environmentally friendly preservative that can be used extensively in the food and agricultural industries to prevent aflatoxin contamination and fungal growth in stored goods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medicinal plants harbor numerous natural bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential, utilized in the synthesis of various drug formulations. While the diverse benefits of herbal formulations have been extensively researched, a toxicity assessment is crucial to establish a wide margin of safety for the therapeutic application of this polyherbal formulation. The recent study aimed to assess the phytochemical profile and potential toxic effects of an aqueous extract derived from a polyherbal formulation containing Petroselinum crispum L., Coriandrum sativum L., and Apium graveolens L. The investigation involved acute and sub-acute toxicity studies conducted in male and female Swiss albino mice, as well as adult rats. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed a rich composition of phytochemical compounds in the extract. In acute toxicity assessments, oral administration of the extract up to 14 g/kg showed no signs of toxicity or fatalities in mice. However, intraperitoneal administration resulted in dose-dependent toxicity, with a calculated LD 50 of 11.8 g/kg. Sub-acute toxicity studies in rats over 28 days showed no significant changes in organ weights, hematological, or biochemical parameters, except for a minor decrease in WBC count. Histopathological examination revealed no morphological disturbances in the liver and kidneys, indicating a wide margin of safety for therapeutic use. [Display omitted] • This is the first report on the toxicity assessment of the Moroccan polyherbal formulation containing Petroselinum crispum L., Coriandrum sativum L., and Apium graveolens l. • The acute and subacute toxicity profiles of the polyherbal formulation aqueous extract in mice and rats. • The lethal dose 50 (LD 50) for the polyherbal formulation via oral administration exceeded 14 g/kg, while it equaled 11.8 g/kg for intraperitoneal administration. • No severe toxic effects on hematological and biochemical parameters, as well as vital organs, were observed in the subacute toxicity test conducted over a period of 28 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coriander leaves, also known as cilantro, are part of the Coriandrum sativum L. plant that is widely used in cuisines around the world and has potential as a medicinal ingredient. It has a distinctive aroma and a fresh, slightly spicy, citrusy flavor and is often used as an ingredient in cooking. The plant can be recognized by its upright, hairless form and abundant branches. The leaves vary from thick at the base of the plant to slender and hairy at the top of the flowering stems. Coriander leaves have functions as health medicine, among others, as a remedy for relieving digestive, respiratory, and urinary tract problems. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and phenolic activities of the methanol extract of coriander leaves. Coriander leaves were extracted with methanol and tested for antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. This study used two main methods: in vitro and bioassay, to evaluate the samples. The in vitro method consisted of an antioxidant capacity test. The antioxidant capacity assay aims to measure the ability of the sample to neutralize free radicals. The total phenolic assay is used as a method to measure antioxidant capacity, by calculating the levels of phenolic compounds in the sample. The total phenolic content of coriander leaf extract was found to be 726.0 µg/mL. DPPH antioxidant capacity test obtained 132.12 µg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coriander is a notable medicinal plant known for its diverse properties, including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, analgesic, and anti‐diabetic effects. Despite its recognized health benefits, research on its nephroprotective properties is limited. This study aimed to investigate the potential nephroprotective properties of an aqueous extract derived from coriander leaves using an aristolochic acid‐intoxicated zebrafish model. To assess kidney abnormalities induced by aristolochic acid (AA), we utilized the transgenic line Tg(wt1b:egfp), which expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the kidney. Our previous report indicated that AA exposure leads to acute renal failure in zebrafish characterized by kidney malformation and impaired renal function. However, pretreatment of coriander extract (CE) can mitigate kidney malformations induced by AA. In addition, CE pretreatment reduces the accumulation of red blood cells in the glomerular region. To verify the nephroprotective effects of CE, we analyzed renal function by measuring the glomerular filtration rate in zebrafish embryos. Results indicate that CE partially mitigates renal function impairment caused by AA exposure, suggesting its potential to attenuate AA‐induced renal failure. Mechanistically, pretreatment with CE reduces the expression of proinflammatory and proapoptotic genes induced by AA. This suggests that CE likely alleviates acute renal failure by reducing inflammation and apoptosis. As a result, we regard zebrafish as a valuable model for screening natural compounds that have the potential to alleviate AA‐induced nephrotoxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: High-fat diets contribute to oxidative stress and trigger cellular senescence through an imbalance in reactive oxygen species. The potential of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) seed, known for its therapeutic properties against oxidative stress and senescence in obese hearts, has been relatively unexplored. Aims: To evaluate the impact of ethanol-based C. sativum seed extract on oxidative stress, antioxidant levels, and senescence parameters in the hearts of obese rats induced by a high-fat diet. Methods: Twenty-nine male Wistar rats were divided into five groups, fed different diets for 24 weeks, and received C. sativum extract treatment for 12 weeks. This experiment assessed malondialdehyde (MDA) as an oxidative stress marker, antioxidant level by measuring catalase and glutathione (GSH), cellular senescence state by measuring senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) activity, and p21 levels in heart tissue. Results: C. sativum seed extract demonstrated a significant reduction in MDA levels in the hearts of obese rats when compared to the control groups. Furthermore, the extract led to a significant increase in catalase and GSH levels in the hearts of non-obese rats, whether on a normal or high-fat diet. Although the C. sativum-treated groups exhibited a downward trend in senescence markers (SA-β-Gal and p21), the observed differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Ethanol-based C. sativum seed extract exhibited promising potential in mitigating oxidative stress in the hearts of obese rats and enhancing antioxidant levels in the hearts of non-obese rats subjected to both normal and high-fat diets. This underscores the preventive role of C. sativum seed extract in alleviating oxidative stress, particularly in the context of a high-fat diet. However, there was insufficient evidence to conclusively demonstrate a significant improvement in cellular senescence with the use of ethanol-based C. sativum seed extract.

Abstract Background Insulin autoantibody syndrome (IAS), or Hirata disease, is caused by high concentrations of insulin autoantibodies, which result in spontaneous, mainly post-prandial, hypoglycemic episodes. We report a case of a previously healthy 67-year-old man presenting with recurrent fasting hypoglycemia culminating in a diagnosis of insulin autoimmune syndrome linked to omeprazole and probably spices, namely, coriander, and ginger. Case presentation A previously healthy 67-year-old Sinhalese man presented with recurrent syncopal attacks for 3 months, which were found to be hypoglycemic episodes. He experienced mainly fasting hypoglycemic attacks, at a frequency gradually increasing to daily attacks. His cardiovascular, respiratory, abdominal, and neurologic examinations were normal. He was found to have insulin levels > 6000 mU/L and a post-polyethylene glycol insulin recovery of less than 9.5%. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the pancreas was normal. The diagnosis of insulin autoantibody syndrome was confirmed by testing for the insulin autoantibody level, yielding a level of > 300 U/mL. With regard to a possible trigger, he had a history of omeprazole intake for 2 weeks, 4 weeks prior to the onset of symptoms. He also consumed an herbal supplement containing coriander and ginger extracts daily for a period of 1 year, approximately 2 years prior to the onset of hypoglycemic attacks. He was commenced on prednisolone 30 mg daily, and hypoglycemic episodes responded dramatically, and thus he was tapered off corticosteroids. Conclusion Omeprazole-induced insulin autoantibody syndrome is likely in this patient; however, the known hypoglycemic effects of coriander and ginger make it worthwhile to consider a possible association with insulin autoantibody syndrome. In addition, this case report highlights the need to consider insulin autoantibody syndrome even in patients presenting with fasting hypoglycemic attacks.

IntroductionOne of the important challenges in the agricultural sector is the low use efficiency of chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, as well as the competition of weeds with crops. In this regard, it is important to use management solutions to reduce the use of chemical inputs. To increase the quality level of food used by humans while reducing environmental pollution. One of the management solutions is the use of controlled-release fertilizers. Considering the desire to increase the quantity and quality of the coriander plant and also to identify the best-studied genotype, research was conducted in this field to investigate the effect of different sources of nitrogen fertilizer and the competition of weeds in the region on the agricultural and medicinal properties of different genotypes of coriander. Materials and MethodsThe experiment was carried out in factorial form based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the teaching and research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture Shahed University of Tehran in the 2019 season. An experimental treatment consisted of three factors including: 1) nitrogen fertilizer sources (Control treatment: without nitrogen fertilizer; SCU: with rate of N, 70 kg ha-1, and urea: with rate of N, 70 kg ha-1), 2) genotypes (Nahavandi, Pishgam and, Ethiopia), and 3) weeding (weedy and weeding by hand). The experimental plot size was 2×2 m2 dimensions with a plant spacing of 25 cm ×10 cm. A space of 1.5 m between plots and 2 m between blocks were maintained. At the end of the growth period, coriander plants of 1 m2 per plot were harvested, and fruit yield per plot was measured. Also, in the plots under weed competition, the competition index was evaluated. Sampling of weeds was done in two stages (in the growing stage of the main plant and another in the ripening stage of the seeds) using quadrats of 30 x 30 cm and the abundance and biomass of each plot was calculated. To evaluate the percentage of the essential oil of coriander seeds, the Clevenger device was used with the steam distillation method to identify and determine the essential oil compounds extracted from the gas chromatography device.Results and DiscussionRelated to the competitive indices, results showed that, the Pishgam genotype had the highest ability to withstand competition (%), and the lowest yield loss (%), and, the Nahandi genotype had the lowest ability to withstand competition (%) and the highest yield loss (%). It seems that the Pishgam genotype was more successful in competing with weeds due to its early maturity and higher germination rate. So, it has a higher ability to tolerate weed competition than other genotypes. Regarding fruit yield, the findings of this experiment revealed a significant increase in yield with the application of nitrogen fertilizer in the weeded plots. Additionally, the Ethiopian genotype exhibited the highest fruit yield among the weeded plots. However, the fruit yield of genotypes did not show significant differences in the un-weeded plots. This suggests that weed competition significantly limited fruit yield compared to the inherent characteristics of the genotypes assessed in this trial. Ethiopian genotype showed the highest percentage of essential oil in all nitrogen fertilizer sources. In the Pishgam genotype, the most essential oil was obtained in the sulfur-coated urea treatment but, in the Nahavandi genotype, the most essential oil belonged to the control fertilizer treatment. Due to the difference in the genetic structure of genotypes, various results have been observed, which can be due to the difference in the fertility of different genotypes. Also, the results of this experiment showed that the main composition of coriander essential oil is linalool.ConclusionThe results showed that N fertilizer and weeding significantly increased seed yield. And the Ethiopian genotype had the highest seed yield and essential oil in weeded plots. Also, the Pishgam genotype had the highest Ability to withstand competition (%) and the lowest Yield loss (%).

The aim of the present study is to analyze the phenolic compounds extracted from seeds of four spices belonging to Apiaceae family, namely caraway (Carum carvi), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), mystical cumin (Ammodaucus leucotrichus), and cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). The extraction was carried out using solvents of different polarities (water, ethanol, methanol, and hexane). The antioxidant activity of each studied spice was performed by different methods including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), 2,2'-azino-bis3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and metal ion chelation power (CP). Based on obtained results, a significant difference in the phenolic compounds contents of analyzed seeds was observed. The lowest phenolic compounds level was obtained by the hexane extract for the four studied spices. Besides, the aqueous extract (AE) of conventional cumin showed the highest level of phenolic compounds (16.49 mg Gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight (DW)), followed by the AE of caraway (15.9 mg GAE/g DW), then the AE of mystical cumin (15.01 mg GAE/DW), and, at the end, by the AE of coriander (12.89 mg GAE/g DW). This work revealed a well correlation between the antioxidant activities of the studied seed and the type of solvents used for their extraction. The studied spices present a much-diversified molecular weights distribution of the phenolic compounds evaluated by exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G50 gel. The climatological analysis showed also that the production of phenolic compounds was strongly influenced by some environmental factors such as the mean annual rainfall and temperature values registered in the planting zones of the four studied spices in Morocco.

Background: Insulin autoantibody syndrome (IAS), or Hirata disease, is caused by high concentrations of insulin autoantibodies, which result in spontaneous, mainly post-prandial, hypoglycemic episodes. We report a case of a previously healthy 67-year-old man presenting with recurrent fasting hypoglycemia culminating in a diagnosis of insulin autoimmune syndrome linked to omeprazole and probably spices, namely, coriander, and ginger. Case presentation: A previously healthy 67-year-old Sinhalese man presented with recurrent syncopal attacks for 3 months, which were found to be hypoglycemic episodes. He experienced mainly fasting hypoglycemic attacks, at a frequency gradually increasing to daily attacks. His cardiovascular, respiratory, abdominal, and neurologic examinations were normal. He was found to have insulin levels > 6000 mU/L and a post-polyethylene glycol insulin recovery of less than 9.5%. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the pancreas was normal. The diagnosis of insulin autoantibody syndrome was confirmed by testing for the insulin autoantibody level, yielding a level of > 300 U/mL. With regard to a possible trigger, he had a history of omeprazole intake for 2 weeks, 4 weeks prior to the onset of symptoms. He also consumed an herbal supplement containing coriander and ginger extracts daily for a period of 1 year, approximately 2 years prior to the onset of hypoglycemic attacks. He was commenced on prednisolone 30 mg daily, and hypoglycemic episodes responded dramatically, and thus he was tapered off corticosteroids. Conclusion: Omeprazole-induced insulin autoantibody syndrome is likely in this patient; however, the known hypoglycemic effects of coriander and ginger make it worthwhile to consider a possible association with insulin autoantibody syndrome. In addition, this case report highlights the need to consider insulin autoantibody syndrome even in patients presenting with fasting hypoglycemic attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite soil salinity is one of the prime abiotic stresses, exploiting the saline soils for the agricultural production will increase in the forthcoming decades to fulfill the human food requirements. Of course, the induction of crop tolerance to salt stress will share in plant growth enhancement and keeping productivity. The current study aimed to assess the influence of soil amendments (gypsum, GP and humic acid, HA) and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine-HCl), levels on growth, yield traits and bioactive compounds of coriander plants grown in salt-affected soil. GP and HA, whether individual or in combination, at a rate of 500 and 20 kg/ha, respectively, were applied under spraying of B6 at three levels of at 0.0, 150, 300 µM. The experiment was performed in a strip-plot arrangement under randomized complete blocks design using three replications. Findings illustrated the increases in umbels number/plant, umblets number/plant, seed counts/umbels, and seed yield/plant due to applying GP + HA × B6-leafy applied at 300 µM were 150.3, 117.9, 157.4, and 237.8%, respectively. GP + HA mixture with spraying 300 µM B6 possessed the lowest values of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (by 1.78 and 0.12 µmol/g FW, orderly), in relative to the control. As well, the highest significant percentages of TSS, SPC, FAA, and FProC were obtained from the combination of GP + HA mixture × 300 µM B6. Coriander plants received 300 µM B6 and amended with GP + HA mixture gave the greatest N, P and K+ and the lowest Na+ contents. Briefly, cultivating coriander plants in salty soils requires compatible agricultural practices via soil amendments plus exogenous application of vitamins. Herein, soil addition of gypsum + humic acid with foliar application of vitamin B6 could be a recommended practice in managing coriander production under saline soil conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research describes the utilization of plant aqueous extracts for more sustainable and safe management red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum Herbst); a highly concerned pest of stored rice and wheat grains in tropical and subtropical regions. The aqueous extracts of selected parts of Nigella sative, Coriandrum sativum, Ocimum basilicum, Neriwn oleander, Tamarindus indica, Chrysanthemum indicum, Linum usitatissimum, Myristica fragrans, Citrullus colocythis, and Musa acuminate plants were prepared by simple orbital type shaking and tested for their repellent and insecticidal activities. Besides, the phytochemical constituents and phenolic acids were identified by various spectroscopic assays and RP-HPLC-DAD analysis, respectively. The initial screening revealed that the aqueous extracts of Myristica fragrans nutmeg, Citrullus colocythis leave, Coriandrum sativum leaves Ocimum basilicum can exhibit the insect repellent potential of about 86.66% when applied at or above 1000 µg/ml for 24 h. It was interesting to note that the similar concentration of aqueous extracts of Myristica fragrans nutmeg, Citrullus colocythis (leaves), and Coriandrum sativum (leaves) caused 100% percent mortality of red flour beetle at the end of seven days under ideal growth conditions (28 ± 2° C and 70 ± 5% RH). Overall, the aqueous extracts of Myristica fragrans nutmeg and Citrullus colocythis leaves were found to be more potential candidates for the sustainable management of Tribolium castaneum during post-harvest storage of wheat and rice grains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Variations in seed yield and essential oil composition of 48 coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) germplasms collected from various geographical locations in India were evaluated. The variation in seed yield plant−1 (2.52–10.97 g plant−1), essential oil content (0.08–0.56%) and linalool content (49.04–82.14%). Linalool, γ-terpinene, β-pinene, p-cymene, β-myrcene, limonene, geraniol, caryophyllene, geranyl acetate, α-terpineol, citronellol and caryophyllene were detected in one or other germplasm lines. Cluster analysis was done using Ward's method based on the value of all the traits, resulting in 6 distinct groups of germplasms. Among six clusters, the maximum number of accessions was grouped into cluster II (16). The seed yield plant−1 is positively correlated with the number of umbels plant−1, number of umbellets plant−1, number of seeds plant−1, number of primary and secondary branches. The selection of these traits may result in the identification of germplasm with high seed yield. The genetic diversity revealed in this study could be useful for further crop improvement programs in coriander. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an annual herb belonging to the Apiaceae family that is grown worldwide. This aromatic herb has been used for its nutritional value and biological properties. In this study, we compared the essential oil composition and antibacterial activity of coriander seeds from nine Iranian and Iraqi populations for the first time. The seed oils were extracted using a Clevenger‐type apparatus, and their chemical composition was determined using GC and GC/MS Agilent apparatuses. The antimicrobial activity of the oils was tested against three infectious bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) using the agar well diffusion method. The experiments were repeated three times, and the results were analyzed using PAST, SAS, and SPSS software. The results showed that oxygenated monoterpenes, especially linalool, were the major compounds in the oils, followed by α‐pinene, γ‐terpinene, and geranyl acetate. The proportions of these compounds varied among the populations. Trace amounts of other compounds were also detected, some of which were only found in certain populations. The populations were detected as linalool chemotype, and classified into four groups based on their chemical constituents in the UPGMA tree. The PCA‐Biplot showed that these groups were characterized by the presence and percentage of specific compounds. The essential oils showed bacterial growth inhibitory properties only at 100% concentration. S. aureus was the most sensitive bacterium to the coriander essential oil, while the essential oils of all populations inhibited the growth of this bacterium. Additionally, the essential oils were more effective than antibiotics against E. coli. These findings contribute to our understanding of coriander seed essential oil by providing data on antibacterial activity and chemical characteristics. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of selecting populations based on their specific essential oil profiles for antibacterial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is a versatile culinary herb known for its edible leaves, seeds, stems, and roots. It is widely utilized in traditional medicine across the globe and is reputed for its diverse biological properties, including significant antioxidant and antidiabetic effects. Nonetheless, the majority of research has primarily concentrated on the seeds, leaves, and stems, leaving the roots comparatively underexplored. Objective: This research delved into the antioxidative capabilities and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory properties of coriander root extracts and assessed their phytochemical makeup. Methods: The coriander roots were lyophilized, pulverized to powder, and extracted using two methods: boiling and maceration with water, 50% ethanol, or 100% ethanol. The extracts underwent assessment for antioxidant activity through ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging methods, total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations, and inhibition of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme. In addition, their phytochemical profiles were identified and quantified by HPLC. Results: Among all the extracts, the 100% ethanol extract demonstrated the greatest levels of total flavonoids and phenolics, exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity against ABTS and DPPH radicals, and showed the most potent alpha-glucosidase inhibition. Notably, the boiling extract, although containing the lowest total phenolic and flavonoid contents, exhibited ABTS radical scavenging capacity comparable to the 100% ethanol extract. This suggested that the boiling extract might contain non-phenolic antioxidant compounds and should be further studied. Additionally, HPLC analysis unveiled the novel identification of benzoic acid and ferulic acid within the coriander root extracts for the first time. The highest contents of these compounds were also found in the 100% ethanol extract. Conclusion: Coriander roots, a common culinary ingredient, exhibited antioxidant and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities, suggesting potential as a functional food for preventing age- and lifestyle-related diseases, such as diabetes and certain cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In India, cabbage is attacked by approximately 35 insect pests; due to the high nutritional value and succulent nature of cabbage, it has attracted the attention of several insect pests. Monocultures are low-diversity agroecosystems that may be more prone to outbursts of pests. The present study aimed to determine the impact of different intercrops on the incidence of insect pests on cabbage. The outcomes revealed that during Rabi 2021-22, populations of Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura were recorded for the first time during the 51st standard meteorological week (SMW). The incidence of aphids was first recorded in the 2nd SMW and reached the maximum level in the 8th SMW along with P. xylostella and S. litura. The lowest incidence of P. xylostella and aphids was recorded in the T6-Cabbage + Coriander treatment (2:2), followed by the T5-Cabbage + Coriander treatment (2:1); the maximum incidence of P. xylostella and aphids was observed in the T3-Cabbage+ Radish treatment (2:1), and all the intercropping treatments were superior to those used for the sole cabbage crop, with the maximum incidence of P. xylostella. The lowest incidence of S. litura T6-Cabbage + Coriander (2:2) was followed by T5-Cabbage + Coriander (2:1), and the maximum incidence of S. litura was observed in the T1-Cabbage + Onion treatment (2:1). The yield was the highest in the T6-Cabbage+ Coriander (2:2) treatment (257.33 q/ha main crop, 3.30 q/ha), followed by the T5-Cabbage+ Coriander 2:1 treatment (233.33 q/ha main crop, 1.83 q/ha) and the T3-Cabbage+ Radish treatment (2:1) (197.33 q/ha main crop, 25.32 q/ha). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Colombia, coffee futures contracts represent essential financial agreements that allow producers and buyers to establish prices, quality, and conditions for future transactions in the coffee market. Despite the evident benefits of stability and predictability, this practice faces significant sustainability challenges that threaten its long-term viability. One of the reasons is the significant lack of transparency in the supply chain. Farmers, affected by abrupt price fluctuations and adverse weather conditions such as the El Niño phenomenon, experience an increase in market prices, leading to the non-delivery of the final product, and contract breaches as they find better prices in the local market. In this context, smart contracts emerge as a promising technological solution to address these problems. These contracts enable the verification of each step in the process, from harvest to final sale, within a blockchain. Therefore, this research designs a smart contract managed through a platform called SmartBeanFutures, which records the clauses of futures contracts using the IERC721 framework, allowing the generation of a unique and non-repeatable asset. It aims to sell, promote, and manage coffee sale prices during the agreement's signing, creating a transparent environment for chain actors. This proposal undergoes evaluation in a test environment, providing farmers access to the designed platform. Following the validation of the proposal, it was identified that over 74% would use this type of contract in their agricultural processes, highlighting that implementing this technology contributes to eliminating intermediaries in the chain and gives farmers more control over their participation in the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the impact of climate conditions on the quality of essential oils extracted from Apiaceae fruits, specifically coriander (Coriandrum sativum var. microcarpum), aniseed (Pimpinella anisum), and annual caraway (Carum carvi var. annuum) grown at three distinct locations in Serbia over three consecutive years. Field experiments were conducted, and essential oils were extracted using a Clevenger-type apparatus followed by gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis for compound identification. Weather conditions during the vegetation periods were recorded, and statistical analyses, including principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis, were performed to assess the volatile compound compositions. Results indicate significant correlations among various compounds within each fruit type, with distinct patterns observed across different years. PCA further elucidates the influence of both year and sampling location on the chemical profiles of essential oils. Cluster analysis reveals clustering primarily based on the year of cultivation rather than geographical location, emphasizing the dominant role of weather conditions in shaping essential oil compositions. This study highlights the intricate relationship between climate conditions and the quality of essential oils in Apiaceae fruits, providing valuable insights for optimizing cultivation practices and enhancing essential oil production. In general, climate conditions strongly influence the coriander, anise, and annual caraway cultivation, and also essential oil quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bioagents, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Bacillus subtilis were evaluated in vivo and in vitro along with five phytoextracts from garlic, neem, tulsi, aak, and datura leaves against Alternaria alternata causing Alternaria leaf spot of coriander. Randomized blocks design was used in four replicates in plot size (2.1 × 2 m) with 30 × 10 cm spacing, using coriander cultivar polymerase chain reaction 728, during rabi season 2021-2022. Results revealed that among four bioagents, maximum mycelium growth inhibition was recorded with T. harzianum (74.44%) followed by T. viride (71.11%). Likewise, among five tested phytoextracts, neem leaf extract was excellent in causing maximum mycelia growth inhibition (83.33 and 88.88%), followed by garlic leaf extract (55.55 and 60.00%) at 5 and 10% concentration, respectively. The bioagents and phytoextracts found effective in vitro were also tested for further study in vivo conditions. Minimum disease intensity was recorded after applying T. harzianum (28.60%) followed by T. viride (29.50%) over control. The extract of neem leaves was most effective in reducing disease intensity (50.94%) over control, followed by garlic leaves (26.65%). The present study’s findings would help develop sustainable management strategies against the Alternaria leaf spot of coriander. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spiny coriander (Eryngium foetidum L.) is a traditional food flavouring herb of tropics with coriander‐like odour. This study evaluated six different drying conditions (sun, shade, oven at 40°C and 60°C, microwave, freeze‐drying) for spiny coriander leaves, emphasizing on the drying time, essential oil yield and composition. Fatty aldehydes, especially trans‐2‐dodecenal, majorly abundant key aromatic flavour of spiny coriander underwent probable enzymatic reduction to alcohols upon long‐term oven‐drying, affecting the oil quality. Non‐conventional techniques like microwave and freeze‐drying, despite their certain advantages significantly reduced the oil yield (0.030%–0.031%) in comparison to fresh leaves (0.045%). Sun drying was found to be superior among the tested conditions, considering a reasonable drying time (4 h) and ability to retain the oil yield (0.043%), composition (quality) and chlorophyll content. It can be a sustainable drying technique for spiny coriander in the tropical region with abundant sunlight, especially for its value addition and commercialization in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spiny coriander (Eryngium foetidum L.) is a food flavouring herb with strong coriander-like odour. The leaves are traditionally used for flavouring the curries, boiled items, soups in Indian subcontinent and added during the final stage of cooking. The current study aimed to validate this traditional culinary knowledge on the addition of spiny coriander leaves and provide a scientific insight into this practice. To pursue the objective, fresh leaves were subjected to simulated open and close-vessel cooking conditions in Clevenger-type apparatus and pressure cooker, respectively. An extensive loss (∼43 %) in volatile flavours occurred after 30 min of open-vessel boiling and similarly for close-vessel process (∼39 %). However, the volatile composition, exclusively dominated by fatty aldehydes, especially trans -2-dodecenal (>70 %) remained practically unaltered throughout this process; rejecting the possibility of considerable transformation or degradation. Thus, boiling process during cooking promoted the loss of aromatic flavours through evaporation and justified the late-stage addition of spiny coriander to preserve its key flavours. [Display omitted] • Early addition of culantro in cooking diminishes flavour: a traditional knowledge. • Current study: validation and scientific insight into this culinary practice. • Simulated open and close-vessel cooking to test the fate of aromatic flavours. • Cooking condition greatly facilitated the evaporation, hence loss of volatiles. • No flavour transformation or degradation was found due to cooking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In February 2021, damping off and collar and root rot on coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) became widespread in the municipality of Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil. An oomycete was isolated from root and collar segments of affected seedlings and caused the same symptoms in inoculated seedlings. Based on morphological features and DNA sequences from the ITS and cox2 region, the pathogen was identified as Pythium aphanidermatum. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of P. aphanidermatum on coriander plants in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current investigation demonstrates that the application of MEL (0, 1, and 2 μmol L−1) mitigates the effects of Cr stress 0 (no Cr), 50 and 100 mg kg−1 on coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) plants. Results from the present study showed that the increasing levels of Cr concentration in the soil induced a significant decrease in shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid contents, net photosynthesis, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance by 36%, 24%, 17%, 64%, 27%, 23%, 19%, 29%, 36%, 18%, 73%, 83%, and 43% respectively. Results findings also showed that the increasing Cr stress in the soil significantly (p< 0.05) decreases calcium, magnesium, iron, and phosphorus contents by 69%, 51%, 89%, and 109% respectively in the roots and decreased by 164%, 97%, 66%, and 124% respectively in the shoots. However, Cr toxicity boosted the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing the contents of oxidative stress indicators. Although activities of various antioxidative enzymes and their specific gene expression and also the nonenzymatic antioxidants initially increased up to a Cr level of 50 μM but decreased gradually with the further increase in the Cr level of 100 μM in the medium, compared to those plants which were grown in the control treatment. Results also revealed that the soluble sugar, reducing sugar, and nonreducing sugar were decreased in plants grown under elevating Cr levels but increased the Cr accumulation in the roots and shoots of C. sativum. Although results also illustrated that the application of MEL also decreased Cr toxicity in C. sativum by increasing antioxidant capacity and their gene expression and thus improved the plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, and decrease oxidative stress in the roots and shoots of C. sativum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medicinal plants, as a good therapeutic strategy, can be used to treat a wide spectrum of diseases. Coriandrum sativum (C. sativum) is a plant from Apiaceae family. Numerous reports indicate that C. sativum has positive effects on anxiety, seizure, learning and memory ability, as well as pain. This annual plant can also treat colitis, increase appetite, reduce blood pressure, and attenuate myocardial damage. Additionally, it improves liver and kidney function and diabetes mellitus and inhibits osteoclast activity. These beneficial effects of C. sativum mainly are attributed to its antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties. The present paper reviews the impacts of C. sativum on different body systems. Information was extracted by searching the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar from January 2010 until the end of February 2024. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several herbal plants have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in modulating the morphology of the gut, leading to improved nutrients absorption, enhanced growth, and reduced susceptibility to diseases. Aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of coriander seed powder (CSP; 0% as T1, 1.5% as T2 and 3.5% as T3) in modulating broiler chickens gut morphology. A total of 180 one-dayold broiler chicks were randomly allocated into 3 treatment groups 60 chick/group in 3 replicates. The trial was designed according to a completely randomized design for 45 days. The histomorphology of duodenum, jejunum and ileum [villus height (VH), villus width, crypt depth (CD) and villus height to crypt depth; VH:CD ratio] were investigated. The result showed a significant increase (P<0.01) of villus height in two treatments (1.5% and 3.5%) as compared to control in all segments. Moreover, the significant increase (P<0.01) on VH:CD ratio is observed between treatments as compared to control in ileum and dietary use of 3.5% CSP had significant effects on the jejunum and duodenum as compared to the control group. In conclusion, the application of CSP at 1.5% and 3.5% had a positive effect on villus height and VH:CD ratio of all segments. However, further research is required to understand the precise mechanisms underlying medicine plant effects as well as what the ideal percentage for each plant will be added for a best positive effect on performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to analyze the phenolic compounds extracted from seeds of four spices belonging to Apiaceae family, namely caraway (Carum carvi), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), mystical cumin (Ammodaucus leucotrichus), and cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). The extraction was carried out using solvents of different polarities (water, ethanol, methanol, and hexane). The antioxidant activity of each studied spice was performed by using different methods, including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), 2,2'-azino-bis3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and metal ion chelation power (CP). On the basis of the obtained results, a significant difference in the contents of phenolic compounds of the analyzed seeds was observed. The lowest phenolic compounds level was obtained by the hexane extract (HE) for the four studied spices. Besides, the aqueous extract (AE) of conventional cumin showed the highest level of phenolic compounds (16.49 mg Gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight (DW)), followed by the AE of caraway (15.9 mg GAE/g DW), then the AE of mystical cumin (15.01 mg GAE/DW), and, at the end, by the AE of coriander (12.89 mg GAE/g DW). This work revealed a good correlation between the antioxidant activities of the studied seed and the type of solvents used for their extraction. The studied spices present a much-diversified molecular weights distribution of the phenolic compounds evaluated by exclusion chromatography on the Sephadex G50 gel. The climatological analysis also showed that the production of phenolic compounds was strongly influenced by some environmental factors, such as the mean annual rainfall and temperature values registered in the planting zones of the four studied spices in Morocco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optimization of total phenolic compounds (TPC) extraction yield and maximization of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) from coriander leaves were investigated using response surface methodology. The extraction of TPC was carried out using microwave-assisted extraction. A Box-Behnken design was used to study the effects of the three independent variables, solvent concentration (ethanol/water 20–80%), microwave power (100–500 watt) and irradiation time (30–150 s) on the response. A second-order polynomial model was used to predict the reaction. The regression analysis showed that about 99% of the variations could be explained by the models. The predicted values were 50.97 GAE/g dw and 5.75 mg GAE/g dw for TPC and TAC, respectively. The reaction surface analysis showed that the optimum extraction parameters that maximized the extraction of antioxidants yield were 52.62% ethanol, 452.12 watt and 150 s. Under optimal conditions, the experimental values for TPC and TAC were 49.63 ± 0.93 mg GAE/g dw and 5.55 ± 0.07 mg GAE/g dw, respectively. The experimental values are in agreement with the predicted values, indicating the suitability of the model used and the success of the response surface methodology in optimizing the extraction conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coriander plant (Coriandrum sativum L.) is well known for its antibacterial and antioxidant properties since it contains a considerable number of bioactive compounds. This property encourages the use of coriander in food because it has many health benefits and preserves food longer. The current study's objective was to demonstrate the extraction of coriander's three fractions (leaves, flowers, and seeds) using microwave drying and ultrasonic assistance, in order to identify its distinct functional components. After microwave drying, the highest amounts of ash, fat, fiber, and protein with values 6.39 ± 0.04 , 10.10 ± 0.05 , 10.14 ± 0.06 , and 13.10 ± 0.03 % , respectively, were observed in coriander seeds. Among macro- and microminerals analyzed, contents of Ca and Mg were found highest in coriander leaves, with values 689 ± 0.14 and 412 ± 0.04 mg/100 g, respectively, whereas Fe, Zn, and Mn were found highest in seeds with values 15.46 ± 0.02 , 3.92 ± 0.02 , and 1.29 ± 0.02 mg/100 g. Ultrasonic-assisted ethanolic extracts of microwave-dried coriander leaves presented significantly high (p < 0.05) total phenolic contents (253.45 ± 0.12 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g), total flavonoid contents (98.15 ± 0.09 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g), and total antioxidant activity (47.32 ± 0.04 mg trolox/100 g), followed by seeds, while flowers presented lowest values. Significantly high (p < 0.05) antimicrobial activities were exhibited from extracts of coriander seeds, followed by leaves. It was concluded that leaves, flowers, and seeds of coriander all were rich source of nutritional components and bioactives, and microwave drying and ultrasonic-assisted extraction were proved useful techniques for maximum retention of these contents in powders and ethanolic extracts, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dermatophytoses are responsible for almost one-quarter of all fungal infections globally. When treatable, these challenging fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails are becoming more resistant to standard antifungal medications and frequently call for lengthy therapeutic regimens. Objectives: Essential oils have been used to cure a range of diseases for ages. In present study combination effect of volatile oils obtained from Trachyspermum ammi, Coriandrum sativum and Cymbopogon martinii were evaluated against four selected dermatophytic fungi namely Microsporum canis, M. fulvum, Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentarophytes. Materials and Methods: Four combinations like T. ammi + Cymbopogon martinii, T. ammi + Coriandrum sativum, Cymbopogon martinii + C. sativum, T. ammi + Cymbopogon martinii + C. sativum were prepared and evaluated through semisolid agar antifungal susceptibility methods. Results: During present investigation T. rubrum was found to be most resistant fungus. Combination of T. ammi with C. sativum showed excellent results as compared to T. ammi and C. martinii. Combination of C. martinii and C. sativum was less effective as compared to other combinations. MIC was ranging from 0.1 μL/mL to 0.4 μL/mL against test fungi. Conclusion: Although essential oils are frequently combined in the use of aromatherapy to cure infectious disorders, there is very little data to back up this practice. This study supports the concurrent usage of blended essential oils in some way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study introduces a novel approach by developing cellulose nanopapers derived from pineapple pomace and impregnated with cinnamon essential oil (CEO) in the range of 1–5 wt.%. This innovative material aims to enhance the shelf life of coriander leaves through antibacterial packaging. Comparative analyses encompassed structural, crystalline, morphological, physico‐mechanical, water barrier, permeability, and antibacterial properties against control samples. Incorporating CEO yielded a reduction in crystallinity index and tensile strength, attributed to a plasticizing effect. The addition of 5 wt.% CEO led to a remarkable 46% increase in elongation at break. Enhanced thermal stability, with a Tmax rise of 26 °C, is attributed to hydrogen bonding between CEO and cellulose molecules. The nanopapers exhibited notable reductions in oxygen and water vapor transmission rates (24% and 32% respectively) compared to control nanopapers. Impressive antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli is observed. These developed nanopapers are applied as active packaging for coriander leaves, extending their shelf life by up to 3 and 15 days without and with refrigeration. Moreover, chlorophyll, carotenoid, and moisture content in coriander leaves stored with CEO‐loaded nanopapers remained akin to fresh leaves. Thus, this study presents an environmentally friendly antibacterial packaging solution with potential for sustainable application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural soils are degraded worldwide as result of anthropogenic activities; environmental contamination; and excessive use of chemicals, fertilizers, and pesticides. Scientists are concerned about this problem; during the past few years sewage compost and sludge have been used as alternatives to improve the soil's physical and chemical characteristics. Recycling solid waste residues can be a cost-effective way to reduce landfill material disposal and improve macro and micronutrients' availability in agricultural soils. In this study, two types of biosolids (compost and sludge) were added to tropical soils (coloso and voladora series) to improve the nutritional content in two edible herbs (basil and coriander). Soil mixtures were made by volume percentage; compost was constant, at 25%, and soil and sludge were incorporated in different proportions to complete the 100% (25 comp/75 soil, 25 comp/62.5 soil/12.5 sludge, 25 comp/50 soil/25 sludge and 25 comp/37.5 soil/37.5 sludge). pH and electrical conductivity were measured in soil mixtures. Basil and coriander were cultivated in pots for 30 days at an open greenhouse (5 replicates per soil mixtures). Germination percentage, stems' length, total chlorophyll (SPAD 502), acid digestions of plant tissues and an ICP-OES analysis were performed for both plants cultivated in all the soil mixtures. In voladora soil, the pH increased from 4.55 ± 0.10 to 5.64 ± 0.22 and EC from 0.0563 ± 0.0003 dS/m to 1.39 ± 0.01 dS/m in a 25% comp/37.5% soil/37.5% sludge mixture. In the coloso soil, the pH increased from 6.38 ± 0.13 to 6.82 ± 0.07 and electrical conductivity from 0.117 ± 0.001 to 1.310 ± 0.009 dS/m in 25% compost/37.5% soil/37.5% sludge mixture. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in the chlorophyll content and stem length for both plants. The highest chlorophyll value was in basil leaves from a 25% compost/50% soil/25% sludge mixture (43.20 ± 074) compared to the coloso soil (26.99 ± 0.43). In the voladora soil, the highest chlorophyll content was in a 25% compost/37.5% soil/37.5% sludge mixture (39.97 ± 0.83). In coriander leaves, the highest chlorophyll content was 33.01 ± 0.84 in the 25% compost/62.5% coloso/12.5% sludge mixture. In the voladora soil, chlorophyll content in leaves did not show a significant difference between treatments. Larger basil stems were found at 25% compost/75% voladora mixture (17.50 ± 2.39 cm) and in a 25% compost/62.5% coloso/12.5% sludge mixture (9.95 ± 0.71 cm) compared to control plants (3.45 ± 0.18 cm). Greater coriander stems were observed in a 25% compost/50% voladora/25% sludge mixture (2.43 ± 0.11 cm) and in a 25% compost/50% coloso/25% sludge mixture (2.17 ± 0.10 cm) compared to control plants (2.05 ± 0.07 cm). Macro and micronutrient content in plants increased with biosolids' incorporation to soils. Mg content in basil leaves increased from 8.61 ± 0.70 mg/g in the voladora soil to 10.31 ± 0.60 mg/g in a 25% compost/37.5% soil/37.5% sludge mixture. In coriander leaves, Mg increased from 6.91 ± 0.06 mg/g in a 25% compost/75% soil mixture to 9.63 ± 0.02 mg/g in a 25% compost/50% soil/25% sludge mixture. The Mn uptake by basil leaves increased from 0.076 ± 0.005 mg/g in the coloso soil to 0.152 ± 0.019 mg/g in a 25% compost/75% soil mixture. In coriander leaves, Mn increased from 0.357 ± 0.002 mg/g in a 25% compost/75% soil mixture to 0.651 ± 0.006 mg/g in a 25% compost/37.5% soil/37.5% sludge mixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Choosing a contractor with the best competencies is particularly important, especially in construction contracts. Using data available on the opentender.eu platform, information for 2022 was compiled regarding the size of the public procurement market and the procedures used in public procurement for construction works in European countries. The most common procedure used under the European Union Directive for awarding work contracts, in most countries, is the open procedure. The largest share of this procedure, amounting to over 95% of all proceedings, is in the countries Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Latvia, and Poland. On the other hand, there are countries where the procedures proposed in the Directive are used to a small extent. In order to distinguish groups of European Union countries characterized by a similar structure of public procurement for work, the joining (tree-clustering) algorithm was used. This will provide insights into the strategies of countries in this area. Knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of the various procedures may improve the public procurement system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Medicinal plants are one of the most important known herbal additives in feeding ruminant animals. It has been reported that medicinal plants with favorable effects on rumen fermentation improve the function of the digestive system and as a result feed intake, as well as the level of animal products and the growth rate of infants increases. Also, numerous and sometimes contradictory reports have been reported about the effects of using medicinal plants in the diet of different animals on blood parameters. Limited studies have been published regarding the addition of medicinal plants to the diet of mother ewes and its effect on the suckling lambs. Most of the studies are about the direct use of medicinal plants by lambs and its effect on the performance and other behavioral characteristics of the animal. Therefore, in the present study, the main goal was to investigate the effects of adding a mixture of different proportions of medicinal plants such as cumin, coriander seeds and peppermint to the ration of lactating ewes on the performance, blood parameters, and antioxidant status of the suckling lambs. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted in a completely randomized design using 48 lambs with an average weight of 3.34±0.44 kg along with 24 lactating ewes with an average milk production of 1107.03±122.25 grams per day in individual stalls for a period of 65 days. The groups of mother ewes included: control (basic diet) and first, second and third treatments, in addition to the basic diet, were received 15 grams of cumin, coriander and peppermint mixed powder with the ratios of 60:30:10; 10:45:45 and 30:60:10 %, respectively. The lambs were weighed every two weeks and at the end of the experiment, blood was taken from the jugular vein. Results and Discussion: The final weight and average daily gain (ADG) of lambs of first treatment were higher than other groups (P<0.05). Red blood cells (RBC) and hematocrit were the lowest in third and the highest in first treatments, although there was no significant difference with control. Platelets and red cell distribution width (RDW) in first treatment were lower than control (P<0.05). There was no difference between treatments in terms of white blood cells (WBC), percentages of lymphocytes and granulocytes. The concentration of blood glucose in lambs of first treatment decreased compared to control. The total antioxidant capacity of lambs from mothers receiving herbal supplement increased and malondialdehyde was lower compared to control. Conclusion: The results showed that the use of a mixture of cumin, coriander and peppermint in the ration of mother ewes increased the antioxidant capacity and decreased malondialdehyde in suckling lambs, although ADG was not noticeable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the history of the industrial development of the essential oil industry and the prospects for cultivating such essential oil crops as dill and coriander, including in the territory of Transbaikalia. Data are provided on the volume of essential oil production in Russia in different years. The noted morphobiological features of dill and coriander suggest the possibility of obtaining a high yield of fruits when they are cultivated by agricultural producers in the dry steppe zone of Transbaikalia. For the first time, in the conditions of the dry steppe zone of Transbaikalia, field research was carried out to study the effectiveness of some agricultural practices for cultivating zoned varieties of dill and coriander. The results of three years of research (2021-2023) on the formation of fruit yield of plants of the Umbrella family with a one-year development cycle - dill (Gribovsky, Lesnogorodsky varieties) and coriander (Karibe variety) in the driest soil-climatic zone of Transbaikalia are summarized. It was revealed that the heat supply of the growing season affects the formation of the fruit yield of the studied crops. The highest fruit yield was obtained from the Gribovsky dill variety at an average sowing time, and from the Lesnogorodsky variety when sowing early. At the same time, the Gribovsky variety is superior in yield to the Lesnogorodsky variety. The coriander variety Caribe provided the maximum fruit yield at a late sowing time in all years of research. In general, the soil and climatic conditions of the dry steppe zone of Transbaikalia make it possible to obtain a harvest of aromatic dill and coriander at the level of other regions of Russia, which determines the future development of essential oil crop production in our region.

Abstract Consumption of bread can be associated with some health issues, which can be improved by fortifying it with plants that are good sources of nutrients and bioactive compounds. This study investigated the effects of fortifying bread with 3 leafy vegetables on the quality of Nigerian wheat bread. Leave powders of coriander, moringa, and amaranths were added to wheat dough at 0% (control), 1%, 3%, 5%, or 7%, and the blends obtained were used to bake vegetable breads, which were then analyzed for proximate, minerals, total phenolics, antioxidant activity, reducing sugars, glycemic index, and sensory evaluation. Results showed that vegetable fortification significantly increased bread ash (from 0.84% in control up to 1.93% in fortified bread), crude fiber (from 1.68% to 3.29%), and nutritionally important minerals Ca, Mg, P, Fe, and Zn (up to 5.2‐fold, 5.1‐fold, 18.1‐fold, 4.1‐fold, and 14.0‐fold, respectively); it reduced carbohydrates (from 65.65% down to 43.16%), crude lipids (from 2.25% down to 0.44%), and caloric value (from 1239.65 down to 1125.19 kJ/100 g), with little or no effect on proteins and moisture content. The fortification also improved the bioactive properties of the bread, as evidenced by a considerably higher phenolic content (from 0.40 up to 13.95 mg/100 g GAE) and increased antioxidant activities. There was a significant 1.1‐to 3.4‐fold decrease in the reducing sugars of composite breads with 5% and 7% vegetable powder, and the selected bread formulation with Moringa 7% lowered the glycemic index of rats by 3.5‐fold. Fortification did not generally affect the appearance and taste of the breads but decreased other sensory parameters and overall acceptability; the bread sample enriched with 1% amaranth received the highest general acceptance. In conclusion, fortifying wheat bread with the 3 vegetables improves its nutritional quality and can be recommended as a new pathway for the development of more nutritious and healthy bread.

This study shows the influence of soil salinity and irrigation dose on biomass production and its impact on some edaphic indicators and functions. For this purpose, an experiment was carried out in two representative soils from Murcia (SE Spain), one slightly saline (LS) and the other saline (S), where an oat–vetch green manure was intercalated between a spinach cycle and a coriander cycle; the latter being subjected to three different irrigation doses (deficient, optimum and surplus). Rapid response indicators (ECext, cations and anions in the soil solution, etc.) were monitored, as well as the material balances, in particular C and salts. Green manure and crop residues increased soil OC by 12.5% and reduced Na+ and NO3− concentrations. Total biomass production was also affected by salinity, both in oat–vetch, 35.9 and 31. 9 tm ha−1 in LS and S, respectively, and in the coriander crop, where the irrigation dose was decisive, obtaining around 29 tm ha−1 with the optimum and surplus doses and significantly lower amounts with the deficit dose: 20.4 tm ha−1 in LSD and 14. 0 in SD. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the irrigation doses, since deficit irrigation significantly reduces production and the surplus does not lead to an increase with respect to the optimum, while also causing ions to leach to depth horizons, as is the case for NO3−, Cl− and Na+, with the consequent risk of contaminating the water table. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is prized for its aroma and medicinal properties and is extensively employed in various cuisines. Light intensity and photoperiod greatly impact its phenological development. The application of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in facility cultivation systems enables precise control of lighting conditions, leading to enhanced energy efficiency in coriander cultivation. This study investigated three levels of light intensity (133, 200, and 400 μmol·m−2·s−1) and three photoperiods (8L/16D, 16L/8D, and 24L) to comprehensively assess their effects on coriander's morphological development, photosynthetic characteristics, and energy utilization efficiency. The objective was to identify a combination conducive to efficient and energy-saving coriander cultivation in PFALs. Results indicated that high light intensity (400 μmol·m−2·s−1) with continuous lighting (24L) reduces coriander's photosynthetic capacity, while 24-h of continuous lighting can boost yield at the expense of energy efficiency. An 8-h photoperiod significantly decreases the yield compared to 16 h. Low light intensity inhibits plant development, indicating that 133 μmol·m−2·s−1 is suboptimal. For optimal efficiency and yield, a light intensity of 200 μmol·m−2·s−1 and a 16-h photoperiod are recommended in coriander PFAL cultivation. These findings advocate for the adoption of these specific conditions for the indoor cultivation of coriander within PFAL systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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