49 results on '"COOPERATIVE ACTIVITY"'
Search Results
2. Analysis of the cognitive processes involved in creating and sustaining cooperative group activity.
- Author
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Skau, Simon
- Subjects
COGNITIVE analysis ,COGNITIVE development ,COGNITIVE ability ,TRUST - Abstract
A cooperative group activity (CGA) and shared intentionality are two phenomena whereby two or more individuals engage in an activity with the intention that the group will succeed, that is, to act as a "we. " This ability to act together as a "we" is an important human psychological feature and has been argued to demarcate an important developmental step. Many CGA and shared intentionality theories have centered around philosophical problems of what counts as a "we" and how to give a cognitively plausible account of children's engagement in such activities, e.g., pretend play by toddlers. The aims of this paper are (i) to highlight the importance of distinguishing between creating and sustaining a CGA, since they require different cognitive abilities, (ii) to give a cognitively plausible account of the creation of a CGA, and iii) to present a formal framework of the sustainability of a CGA that can illuminate how engagement in a CGA stimulates cognitive change in its members. In the first part (section Creating cooperative group activity) of the paper, several theoretical problems are discussed, including the common knowledge problem, the jointness problem, the central problem, and the cognitively plausible explanation problem. The section ends with a cognitively plausible account of the creation of a CGA. The second part (section Sustainability of cooperative group activity) of the paper presents a formal framework of belief compatibility and trust relations. It explores how engagement in a CGA places certain cognitive constraints on its members while stimulating cognitive change and development. The paper ends with a discussion of empirical postulations derived from this account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Analysis of the cognitive processes involved in creating and sustaining cooperative group activity
- Author
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Simon Skau
- Subjects
shared intentionality ,shared intention ,group agency ,cooperative activity ,collective intentionally ,cognitive change ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
A cooperative group activity (CGA) and shared intentionality are two phenomena whereby two or more individuals engage in an activity with the intention that the group will succeed, that is, to act as a “we. ” This ability to act together as a “we” is an important human psychological feature and has been argued to demarcate an important developmental step. Many CGA and shared intentionality theories have centered around philosophical problems of what counts as a “we” and how to give a cognitively plausible account of children's engagement in such activities, e.g., pretend play by toddlers. The aims of this paper are (i) to highlight the importance of distinguishing between creating and sustaining a CGA, since they require different cognitive abilities, (ii) to give a cognitively plausible account of the creation of a CGA, and iii) to present a formal framework of the sustainability of a CGA that can illuminate how engagement in a CGA stimulates cognitive change in its members. In the first part (section Creating cooperative group activity) of the paper, several theoretical problems are discussed, including the common knowledge problem, the jointness problem, the central problem, and the cognitively plausible explanation problem. The section ends with a cognitively plausible account of the creation of a CGA. The second part (section Sustainability of cooperative group activity) of the paper presents a formal framework of belief compatibility and trust relations. It explores how engagement in a CGA places certain cognitive constraints on its members while stimulating cognitive change and development. The paper ends with a discussion of empirical postulations derived from this account.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Cooperative Act in Brazil and governing tax legislation
- Author
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Brasil do Pinhal Pereira Salomão and Rodrigo Forcenette
- Subjects
cooperative activity ,tax treatment ,cooperative act ,Law ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 - Abstract
The purpose of this article is to present the legal-normative regulation of the cooperative act in Brazil, with special association to the tax treatment it has been given based on the interpretations adopted by the superior courts of justice. Received: 21 May 2021 Aceptado: 23 September 2021
- Published
- 2021
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5. Cooperative Act in Brazil and governing tax legislation.
- Author
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do Pinhal Pereira Salomão, Brasil and Forcenette, Rodrigo
- Subjects
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TAX laws , *COOPERATIVE agriculture , *COOPERATIVE societies , *CONSUMER cooperatives , *TAX incidence , *COOPERATION - Published
- 2021
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6. Measuring the effectiveness of Individual assessment methods in Collaborative/Cooperative activity in online teaching.
- Author
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Kavitha, D. and Anitha, D.
- Subjects
GROUP work in education ,ONLINE education ,EFFECTIVE teaching ,PSYCHOLOGY of students ,LEARNING Management System - Abstract
Assessment of collaborative activities comprises two important elements: group assessment and individual assessment. This research study explores specific methods for assessing the individual students in online collaborative/cooperative activity and analyzes the efficiency in terms of student learning. An online collaborative activity based on the Student Groups Achievement Division (STAD) method has been planned and implemented for the undergraduate third semester Engineering students (n=71). The activity has been designed in such a way that the students perform the activity through the collaborative features of the Learning Management Systems (LMS) such as group projects and discussions. Group assessment is measured with discussions and group report writing while the individual assessment is measured through quizzes, tests and activity journals. The scores for the quiz and activity journal are taken into account to measure the student learning. These scores are compared against their performance scores in the summative examination. From the observations by comparing the scores, it is found that these strategies measure the individual learning effectively such that they fall in linear with the formal examination marks. Also, feedback is obtained from the students to ensure their satisfaction in individual assessment. Success index for the activity based on students' feedback is calculated using weighted likert scale and found to be 0.811 (Ideal index =1) which is an appreciable score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Aprendizaje Cooperativo como base de una actividad integradora en la asignatura "Ingeniería del Producto".
- Author
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Bedregal-Alpaca, Norka, Castañeda-Huamán, Elisa, and Sharhorodska, Olha
- Subjects
STUDENT attitudes ,SOCIAL learning ,SOCIAL skills ,GROUP work in education ,STUDENT participation - Abstract
Copyright of Campus Virtuales is the property of Campus Virtuales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
8. SELECTED ASPECTS OF INNOVATIVENESS OF FIRMS – A CASE STUDY
- Author
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Małgorzata Górka and Elżbieta Brągiel
- Subjects
innovation ,innovativeness ,cooperative activity ,agricultural cooperatives ,Agricultural industries ,HD9000-9495 ,Agriculture - Abstract
Selected aspects of innovative actions undertaken by selected agricultural entities were presented.The issues of innovativeness on the example of two agricultural cooperatives from the PodkarpackieProvince are presented. Research has shown that the innovations introduced by the studied co-operativeswere mainly of a technological nature, and to a small extent non-technological ones. The main motive forundertaking such activities was entering new markets and reducing production costs.
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- 2018
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9. Joint Human-Agent Activities: Challenges and Definition
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Ahrndt, Sebastian, Albayrak, Sahin, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Klusch, Matthias, editor, Unland, Rainer, editor, Shehory, Onn, editor, Pokahr, Alexander, editor, and Ahrndt, Sebastian, editor
- Published
- 2016
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10. Defense and conditions for the non-application of the law of the food chain to the deliveries of products from partners to cooperatives (first and second degree), to other associative entities and those made under inter-cooperative agreements
- Author
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Vargas Vasserot, Carlos and Vargas Vasserot, Carlos
- Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the effects produced by the recent legal amendment of Law 12/2013, which regulates different measures to improve the food chain in cooperatives as well as in other associative entities. Firstly, it will be developed the origin and evolution of the aforementioned Act. On top of that, it will be discussed the legal reform carried out by Law 16/2021, which among others, imposes the obligation of establishing individualized written food contracts for the deliveries made by their partners. Secondly, it is argued that due to the legal nature of the cooperative activity, the food chain law should not be applied at any point. Even so, this will also be underlined by taking into account the specific legal support cooperative activity has, such as its internal, corporate, non-profit, and non-commercial nature. Thirdly, the paper deal with the situation regarding this law that affects second and subsequentdegree cooperatives, agrarian transformation companies, capital companies majority-owned by cooperatives, as well as the study of the operations carried out under inter-cooperative agreements. Finally, a critical analysis is made of the provision that establishes the requirements for cooperatives and other associative entities to avoid the obligation to contractually articulate the deliveries of their members' products. Viable solutions or recommendations that these entities, statutorily or by social agreements should establish, will be discussed. To name just but a few examples, it will be developed the procedure for determining the value of the product delivered by its partners or the settlement schedule., El trabajo trata de los efectos de la reciente reforma de la Ley 12/2013 de medidas para mejorar el funcionamiento de la cadena alimentaria en las cooperativas y en otras entidades asociativas. Primero se explica el origen y evolución de esta norma y el contenido de la reforma realizada por la Ley 16/2021, que parte de la imposición a las cooperativas de la obligación de formalizar contratos alimentarios individualizados y por escrito por las entregas que realicen sus socios. Después se defiende que, por la naturaleza jurídica de la actividad cooperativizada (que se demuestra con apoyos legales concretos que es tiene carácter interno, societario, sin ánimo de lucro y no comercial), no debería serle de aplicación en ningún punto la ley de la cadena alimentaria, norma que está diseñada para equilibrar poderes entre los diferentes eslabones de la cadena de valor. El trabajo también trata de la situación respecto a la ley de la cadena alimentaria de las cooperativas de segundo y ulterior grado, de las sociedades agrarias de transformación, de las sociedades de capital participadas mayoritariamente por cooperativas y de las operaciones realizadas en virtud de acuerdos intercooperativos. Por último, se realiza un análisis crítico del precepto que establece las condiciones necesarias para que las cooperativas y otras entidades asociativas puedan salvar la obligación de articular con contratos las entregas de productos de sus socios, realizando una serie de recomendaciones para que estas entidades establezcan debidamente, en los estatutos o por acuerdos sociales, el procedimiento de determinación del valor del producto entregado por sus socios y el calendario de liquidación.
- Published
- 2023
11. Problem and Hypotheses
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Sauerhoff, Christopher and Sauerhoff, Christopher
- Published
- 2014
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12. Discussion
- Author
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Sauerhoff, Christopher and Sauerhoff, Christopher
- Published
- 2014
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13. Project-based Learning and Its Implementation for Pupils in the 4th Grade of Elementary School
- Author
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Hellerová, Tereza, Bravená, Noemi, and Poche Kargerová, Jana
- Subjects
project-based learning ,kooperativní činnost ,action research ,projektová výuka ,akční výzkum ,cooperative activity ,4th grade ,realizace projektové výuky ,4. ročník ,realization of project-based learning ,mezipředmětové vztahy ,intersubject relations - Abstract
The diploma thesis focuses on project-based learning and its implementation in the 4th grade of primary school. The theoretical part deals with creation of project-based learning and its definition. Continues to describe the main features and characteristics, summarises the benefits, highlights the pitfalls that may arise and how to prevent them. In the last section, the characteristics of the younger school-age child are presented and summarized. The aim of the action research is to determine how to appropriately introduce project-based learning in the 4th grade and on what topics. At the same time, to create cooperatively functioning Teams. The data is collected through the teachers own teaching activities, in-depth unstructured interviews, and focus group. KEYWORDS Project-based learning, cooperative activity, intersubject relations, realization of project-based learning, action research, 4th grade
- Published
- 2023
14. Étude de l’expérience du sujet pour l’évaluation de nouvelles technologies
- Author
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Cahour, Béatrice, Brassac, Christian, Vermersch, Pierre, Bouraoui, Jean-Léon, Pachoud, Bernard, and Salembier, Pascal
- Subjects
experiencia del utilizador ,cooperative activity ,activité coopérative ,user experience ,utilisateur ,émotion ,emotion ,actividad cooperativa ,user ,emoción ,utilizador ,expérience de l’utilisateur - Abstract
Afin d’évaluer l’utilisation de nouvelles technologies de communication, non seulement les processus cognitifs mais également les processus affectifs sont pertinents. Dans cet article est décrit l’intérêt d’étudier la dimension subjective des processus cognitifs et émotionnels des utilisateurs par une méthode expérientielle basée sur la description de leur vécu par les utilisateurs. Une étude de cas décrit l’utilisation effective d’un instrument de communication audio et vidéo pour les interactions mobiles à distance. Les données, obtenues par des entretiens approfondis (explicitation et autoconfrontation) et l’enregistrement vidéo de l’activité, sont analysées en termes de mouvements cognitifs et émotionnels des utilisateurs durant trois séquences d’interaction. L’analyse de ces données met en évidence l’inconfortable dissymétrie générée par l’outil dans le contrôle de l’exploration visuelle, la difficulté à suivre les mouvements imprévisibles de l’autre, et la compensation d’états affectifs co-occurents. La discussion développe l’apport d’une méthodologie expérientielle pour étudier l’émergence des affects et leur rôle fonctionnel pendant l’activité, en regard de l’action et de la décision. In order to assess the use of new technologies, not only cognitive processes should be taken into account but emotional processes too. This article describes the advantage of studying the subjective dimension of users’ emotions using an experiential method based on the users describing their experience. A case study portrays the effective use of an audio and video communication instrument for remote mobile interaction. The data obtained from in-depth interviewing (clarification and self‑confrontation) and video recording of the activity are analysed in terms of the users’ emotional movements during three interaction sequences. An analysis of these data emphasises the uncomfortable dissymmetry generated by the tool in terms of controlling visual exploration, the difficulty following the unexpected movements of the other person and the off-setting of concurrent emotional states. The paper explores the contribution of experiential methodology in order to study the emergence of affects and their functional role during activity, in relation to the action and the decision. Con el fin de evaluar la utilización de nuevas tecnologías de comunicación, en donde no solamente los procesos cognoscitivos sino que los procesos afectivos son pertinentes. En este artículo esta descrito el interés en estudiar la dimensión subjetiva de las emociones de los utilizadores por un método experimental, basado en la descripción de lo vivido por los utilizadores. Un estudio de caso describe la utilización efectiva de un instrumento de comunicación audio y vídeo para las interacciones móviles a distancia. Los datos, obtenidos por entrevistas profundas (explicitación y auto‑confrontación) y el registro en vídeo de la actividad, son analizados en término de movimientos emocionales de los utilizadores durante tres secuencias de interacción. El análisis de estos datos pone en evidencia la inconfortable disimetría generada por la herramienta en el control de la exploración visual, la dificultad en seguir los movimientos imprevisibles del otro, y la compensación de estados afectivos co-ocurrentes. La discusión desarrolla el aporte de una metodología experimental para estudiar la emergencia de afectos y su papel funcional durante la actividad, mirando la acción y la decisión.
- Published
- 2022
15. The Critical Role of Workplace Studies in CSCW (2000)
- Author
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Schmidt, Kjeld and Schmidt, Kjeld
- Published
- 2011
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16. 自閉スペクトラム症児への協同活動発達支援:パートナーの役割遂行に対する情報提供と要求の習得を通して
- Author
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森澤亮介, 吉井勘人, and 長崎勤
- Abstract
The study examined whether encouragement of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to learn "informing" and "requesting" would enable them to provide mutual support( support for the other when necessary) and engage in cooperative activity. An intervention condition was set in a game where a child with ASD and his partner worked together to complete a jigsaw puzzle, to encourage them to learn "informing" and "requesting." The results showed that "requesting" and "informing" did occur, and children with ASD became able to provide the support needed by the partner to complete the jigsaw puzzle. It was also observed that when children achieved the completion of the jigsaw puzzle, they displayed "sharing" in which children with ASD shared joy with their partner. This suggested that cooperative activity did occur. Further, in daily life as well, it was observed that cooperative activity with teachers occurred and supportive behavior towards classmates was displayed. Thus, it was suggested that children with ASD can engage in "sharing of emotions" and perform cooperative activity by learning to inform and make requests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
17. WYBRANE ASPEKTY INNOWACYJNOŚCI PRZEDSIĘBIORSTW - STUDIUM PRZYPADKU.
- Author
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Górka, Małgorzata and Brągiel, Elżbieta
- Abstract
Copyright of Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists / Roczniki Naukowe Stowarzyszenia Ekonomistow Rolnictwa & Agrobiznesu is the property of Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Points of cooperation: Integrating cooperative learning into web-based courses
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Wessner, Martin, Pfister, Hans-Rüdiger, Dillenbourg, Pierre, editor, Hoppe, H. Ulrich, editor, Ogata, Hiroaki, editor, and Soller, Amy, editor
- Published
- 2007
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19. Cooperative breeding in mammals
- Author
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Clutton-Brock, Tim H., Kappeler, Peter M., editor, and van Schaik, Carel P., editor
- Published
- 2006
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20. Kinship, competence and cooperation in primates
- Author
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Chapais, Bernard, Kappeler, Peter M., editor, and van Schaik, Carel P., editor
- Published
- 2006
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21. Formalization of Cooperation in MAS: Towards a Generic Conceptual Model
- Author
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Loulou, Monia, Kacem, Ahmed Hadj, Jmaiel, Mohamed, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Carbonell, Jaime G., editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Lemaître, Christian, editor, Reyes, Carlos A., editor, and González, Jesús A., editor
- Published
- 2004
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22. A Contract Model to Deploy and Control Cooperative Processes
- Author
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Perrin, Olivier, Godart, Claude, Goos, Gerhard, editor, Hartmanis, Juris, editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, editor, Benatallah, Boualem, editor, and Shan, Ming-Chien, editor
- Published
- 2003
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23. COOPERATIVE COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF MATHEMATICAL INSTRUCTION.
- Author
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Gil, Lyudmila, Tesleva, Elena, and Nozirzoda, Shodmon
- Subjects
- *
MATHEMATICS education , *PROJECT method in teaching , *MATHEMATICAL statistics , *COGNITIVE ability - Abstract
One of the most important and long-standing goals of education is to promote constructive and positive relationships among heterogeneous students. This is true regardless of students' differences in ability level, sex, disability, ethnic membership, social class differences, or task orientation. The authors of the paper deal with psychological and pedagogical (methodology, motivation, content framework of training and organization) conditions, relevant for improving cooperative cognitive activity of students, which were identified and observed in the process of mathematical instruction at a technical University. The results of experimental testing their efficiency are provided as well. Inclusive pedagogical experiments are carried out, involving various groups of technical students. The groups to be tested consist of students from five countries with various native languages. The assessment of cooperative cognitive activity requires tests, observation, surveys, and application of mathematical statistics methods; both qualitative and quantitative data are taken into account. The experiment allows for a conclusion that cooperative cognitive activity of students supported by the modular object-oriented dynamic environment 'Moodle', including a project-oriented activity in conditions of a real company as well, guaranties the highest level of students' socialization and improves their motivation. The cooperative cognitive activity of technical students is efficient according to the research results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
24. Roles in Collaborative Activity
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Partsakoulakis, Ioannis, Vouros, George, Goos, G., editor, Hartmanis, J., editor, van Leeuwen, J., editor, Carbonell, Jaime G., editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Vlahavas, Ioannis P., editor, and Spyropoulos, Constantine D., editor
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- 2002
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25. A Design of Agents for the Disaster Simulator on RoboCup-Rescue
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Sakushima, Taku, Esaki, Tetsuya, Asai, Yoshiki, Ito, Nobuhiro, Wada, Koichi, Goos, G., editor, Hartmanis, J., editor, van Leeuwen, J., editor, Carbonell, Jaime G., editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Birk, Andreas, editor, Coradeschi, Silvia, editor, and Tadokoro, Satoshi, editor
- Published
- 2002
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26. Cooperative Activity as Mediation in the Social Adjustment of Chinese International Students.
- Author
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Ma, Junqian
- Subjects
GROUP work in education ,STUDENT adjustment ,SOCIAL adjustment ,CHINESE students in foreign countries ,FOREIGN students - Abstract
Social adjustment is one of the most difficult and long-lasting challenges for international students who study in a new country. This paper uses a case study of cooperative painting activity conducted in Australian setting, in which two Chinese and three other students from different countries participated, in order to assess the efficiency of cooperative activity in mediating the social adjustment of international students. It argues that three factors determine its mediating function: namely, 1) the relaxing, pushy, and thematic setting, 2) the mediator's role, and 3) communications and interactions. The study provides a new approach to future practices aiming to support the social adjustment of international students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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27. Transactional Support for Cooperative Applications
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Wäsch, Jürgen, Aberer, Karl, Neuhold, Erich J., Doğaç, Asuman, editor, Kalinichenko, Leonid, editor, Özsu, M. Tamer, editor, and Sheth, Amit, editor
- Published
- 1998
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28. Integrating organisational and transactional aspects of cooperative activities
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Faase, Frans J., Even, Susan J., de By, Rolf A., Apers, Peter M. G., Goos, Gerhard, editor, Hartmanis, Juris, editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, editor, Cluet, Sophie, editor, and Hull, Rick, editor
- Published
- 1998
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29. Cooperation Project Aeronautical Research
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Diehl, H., Hirschel, Ernst Heinrich, editor, Fujii, Kozo, editor, van Leer, Bram, editor, Leschziner, Michael A., editor, Pandolfi, Maurizio, editor, Rizzi, Arthur, editor, Roux, Bernard, editor, Körner, Horst, editor, and Hilbig, Reinhard, editor
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
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30. Soviet cooperatives and the labour market
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Malle, Silvana, Dallago, Bruno, editor, Ajani, Gianmaria, editor, and Grancelli, Bruno, editor
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- 1992
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31. Meeting the Cooperative Problem Solving Challenge: A Database-Centered Approach
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Chakravarthy, S., Navathe, S. B., Karlapalem, K., Tanaka, A., and Deen, S. M., editor
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- 1991
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32. Student Activity or Involvement: What Should One Prefer?
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Pozdeeva, S. I.
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ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ. ПЕДАГОГИКА ,ОБЩЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ УЧЕБНЫЕ ЗАВЕДЕНИЯ ,PUPILS ,УЧЕБНАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ,ТЕОРИЯ И МЕТОДИКА ОБУЧЕНИЯ ,ОБЩЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНАЯ ШКОЛА ,ШКОЛЬНИКИ ,ФЕНОМЕН ВОВЛЕЧЕННОСТИ ,УЧИТЕЛЬ-УЧЕНИК ,ENGAGEMENT LEVELS ,УРОВНИ ВОВЛЕЧЕННОСТИ ,ORGANIZATION OF JOINT ACTIVITIES ,АКТИВИЗАЦИЯ ВОВЛЕЧЕННОСТИ ,ВОВЛЕЧЕННОСТЬ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ ,ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЙ ПРОЦЕСС ,ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ СОВМЕСТНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ,EDUCATIONAL PROCESS ,МОДЕЛИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ,СОВМЕСТНАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ,COOPERATIVE ACTIVITY ,УЧИТЕЛЯ ,MODELS FOR ORGANIZING JOINT ACTIVITIES - Abstract
Цель статьи - проанализировать феномен вовлеченности ученика в совместную образовательную деятельность на учебном занятии, что позволит по-другому посмотреть на проблему активизации учения: не через метод обучения, а через способ организации взаимодействия педагога и обучающихся. The purpose of the article is to analyze the phenomenon of the student involvement in joint educational activities in the classroom, which will allow us to look at the problem of activating learning in a different way: not through the learning method, but through the way of organizing interaction between the teacher and students.
- Published
- 2021
33. Aprendizaje Cooperativo como base de una actividad integradora en la asignatura 'Ingeniería del Producto'
- Author
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Bedregal Alpaca, Norka, Castañeda Huamán, Elisa, and Sharhorodska, Olha
- Subjects
Cross-cutting competencies ,Cooperative activity ,Ingeniería del producto ,Aprendizaje cooperativo ,Educación universitaria ,Actividad cooperativa ,Product engineering ,Competencias transversales ,Cooperative learning ,University education - Abstract
El aprendizaje cooperativo organiza a los estudiantes en grupos en los que trabajan conjunta y coordinadamente para realizar actividades académicas de modo que el aprendizaje individual y el aprendizaje colectivo se refuerzan entre sí. Se describe el desarrollo de una actividad cooperativa que integra los contenidos de la asignatura universitaria “Ingeniería del Producto”. Se presenta un modelo para estructurar la actividad y un conjunto de dinámicas cooperativas para motivar y promover la participación del estudiante, potenciar el aprendizaje y desarrollar competencias transversales como el aprendizaje permanente y la competencia social. Para recoger la percepción estudiantil en relación a la actividad se aplicó un cuestionario; se concluye que los estudiantes valoran positivamente esta forma de trabajo, a pesar de que reconocen que implica una mayor carga de trabajo, consideran que les ayudó a relacionar la teoría con la práctica y a lograr una mejor comprensión de los conceptos y procedimientos, Cooperative learning organizes students into groups where they work together and in coordination to conduct academic activities so that individual learning and collective learning reinforce each other. It describes the development of a cooperative activity that integrates the contents of the university subject "Product Engineering". A model is presented to structure the activity and a set of cooperative dynamics to motivate and promote student participation, enhance learning and develop cross-cutting competencies such as lifelong learning and social competence. A questionnaire was applied to collect student perception in relation to the activity; it is concluded that students value this way of work positively, although they recognize that it involves a higher workload, they believe that it helped them relate theory to practice and achieve a better understanding of concepts and procedures
- Published
- 2021
34. Cooperative Learning as the basis of an integrating activity in the subject 'Product Engineering'
- Author
-
Olha Sharhorodska, Elisa Castañeda Huamán, and Norka Bedregal-Alpaca
- Subjects
Cooperative learning ,Value (ethics) ,Cross-cutting competencies ,Cooperative activity ,Ingeniería del producto ,Aprendizaje cooperativo ,Lifelong learning ,Educación universitaria ,Collaborative learning ,Workload ,Product engineering ,Competencias transversales ,Pedagogy ,Social competence ,Actividad cooperativa ,Set (psychology) ,Psychology ,University education - Abstract
El aprendizaje cooperativo organiza a los estudiantes en grupos en los que trabajan conjunta y coordinadamente para realizar actividades académicas de modo que el aprendizaje individual y el aprendizaje colectivo se refuerzan entre sí. Se describe el desarrollo de una actividad cooperativa que integra los contenidos de la asignatura universitaria “Ingeniería del Producto”. Se presenta un modelo para estructurar la actividad y un conjunto de dinámicas cooperativas para motivar y promover la participación del estudiante, potenciar el aprendizaje y desarrollar competencias transversales como el aprendizaje permanente y la competencia social. Para recoger la percepción estudiantil en relación a la actividad se aplicó un cuestionario; se concluye que los estudiantes valoran positivamente esta forma de trabajo, a pesar de que reconocen que implica una mayor carga de trabajo, consideran que les ayudó a relacionar la teoría con la práctica y a lograr una mejor comprensión de los conceptos y procedimientos Cooperative learning organizes students into groups where they work together and in coordination to conduct academic activities so that individual learning and collective learning reinforce each other. It describes the development of a cooperative activity that integrates the contents of the university subject "Product Engineering". A model is presented to structure the activity and a set of cooperative dynamics to motivate and promote student participation, enhance learning and develop cross-cutting competencies such as lifelong learning and social competence. A questionnaire was applied to collect student perception in relation to the activity; it is concluded that students value this way of work positively, although they recognize that it involves a higher workload, they believe that it helped them relate theory to practice and achieve a better understanding of concepts and procedures
- Published
- 2021
35. Polymerase Activity, Protein-Protein Interaction, and Cellular Localization of the Usutu Virus NS5 Protein
- Author
-
L. Albentosa-González, Pilar Clemente-Casares, Antonio Mas, and Rosario Sabariegos
- Subjects
NS5 ,viruses ,RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ,Context (language use) ,Viral Nonstructural Proteins ,Virus Replication ,Antiviral Agents ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,antivirals ,RNA polymerase ,subcellular localization ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Usutu virus ,replicase ,Polymerase ,Cellular localization ,030304 developmental biology ,Cell Nucleus ,Pharmacology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase ,cooperative activity ,030306 microbiology ,Flavivirus ,virus diseases ,RNA ,RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase ,Subcellular localization ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Infectious Diseases ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,RNA, Viral ,Protein Binding - Abstract
Usutu virus (USUV) has become increasingly relevant in recent years, with large outbreaks that sporadically have affected humans being reported in wildlife. Similarly to the rest of flaviviruses, USUV contains a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome which is replicated by the activity of nonstructural protein 5 (NS5). USUV NS5 shows high sequence identity with the remaining viruses in this genus., Usutu virus (USUV) has become increasingly relevant in recent years, with large outbreaks that sporadically have affected humans being reported in wildlife. Similarly to the rest of flaviviruses, USUV contains a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome which is replicated by the activity of nonstructural protein 5 (NS5). USUV NS5 shows high sequence identity with the remaining viruses in this genus. This permitted us to identify the predicted methyltransferase domain and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase domain (RdRpD). Owing to their high degree of conservation, viral polymerases are considered priority targets for the development of antiviral compounds. In the present study, we cloned and expressed the entire NS5 and the RdRpD in a heterologous system and used purified preparations for protein characterizations. We determined the optimal reaction conditions by investigating how variations in different physicochemical parameters, such as buffer concentration, temperature, and pH, affect RNA polymerization activity. We also found that USUV polymerase, but not the full-length NS5, exhibits cooperative activity in the synthesis of RNA and that the RdRp activity is not inhibited by sofosbuvir. To further examine the characteristics of USUV polymerase in a more specifically biological context, we have expressed NS5 and the RdRpD in eukaryotic cells and analyzed their subcellular location. NS5 is predominantly found in the cytoplasm; a significant proportion is directed to the nucleus, and this translocation involves nuclear location signals (NLS) located at least between the MTase and RdRpD domains.
- Published
- 2019
36. The benefits of a reading circle activity within a class of exchange students and Japanese students
- Author
-
Yuki, Ebihara
- Subjects
diverse classroom ,cooperative activity ,active learning ,reading circle - Published
- 2018
37. Conscience périphérique et travail coopératif dans un café-restaurant
- Author
-
Béatrice Cahour and Barbara Pentimalli
- Subjects
levels of awareness ,foci of attention ,cooperative activity ,socio-cognitive dynamics ,communication ,pluri-sensoriality ,Psychology ,BF1-990 ,Social Sciences - Abstract
In this paper we present a workplace study of the collaborative activity between cooks and waiters in a restaurant/coffee-house. We show how awareness is linked to the attention mechanisms of the participants and how their level of awareness is constantly varying. First of all, using video footage, we analyse the functions of awareness between the co-team members through their peripheral attention, over-hearing and kinaesthetic perceptions: how they need to use shortcuts in their displacements and rapid communication so as to gain time, how they need to avoid collisions in a narrow space, etc. Secondly, based on ‛explicitation’ interviews conducted with two waitresses, we then present a detailed analysis of the variations in their attention which are linked not only to the cognitive overload present in their current activity but also to the objects and persons which are pertinent for this same activity.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. An inference method of team situation awareness based on mutual awareness.
- Author
-
Shu, Yufei and Furuta, Kazuo
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL interaction , *TEAMS , *INFERENCE (Logic) , *AWARENESS , *RESEARCH methodology , *SOCIAL groups - Abstract
Team situation awareness (TSA) is a critical contributing factor in establishing collaborative relations among team members involved in cooperative activity. Currently, however, there is still a lack of a clearly understandable and commonly agreeable model of TSA. To resolve misunderstanding or conflict among team members or between a team and machines, our research aim is to find out the underlying mechanism of TSA that reflects team cognitive process in a way consistent with team cooperative activity, and to focus on how to achieve mutual understanding, and how to effectively incorporate human teams into a socio-technological system. In this paper, we argue that earlier models of TSA, where TSA was discussed as the intersection of situation awareness (SA) owned by individual team members, are inadequate for study of a sophisticated team reciprocal process. We suggest that it is necessary for the definition of TSA to integrate the notion of individual SA (ISA) into cooperative team activity. In particular, understanding of mutual awareness is an essential element in cooperative activity. We propose a new notion of TSA, which is reducible to mutual beliefs as well as ISA at three levels. Further, we develop an operational TSA inference method and discuss human competence and system-related factors that are required to build TSA. We then try to demonstrate how TSA is actively constructed via inferencing practices. We also develop criteria to assess appropriateness of TSA from two aspects: soundness and completeness of mutual beliefs. Comparison of evaluation results indicates that the notion of TSA proposed in this work is more suitable to depict team cooperative activity than conventional ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. A model to support collaborative work in virtual enterprises
- Author
-
Perrin, Olivier and Godart, Claude
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL interaction , *COOPERATIVE processing , *COMPUTER network architectures , *ELECTRONIC data processing - Abstract
Virtual enterprises gather partners distributed in space, time and organizations, in order to achieve a common goal. Their business process realization needs the coordination of their distributed interactions. This paper presents the Synchronization Point model. It provides support for cooperative process management and coordination. It offers pertinent information about work progress while maintaining adequate privacy of information, and supports both long-time transactions and dynamic process definition. Then, its data repository and activity manager helps human interactions in cross-organizational applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Special Issue on Process Technology
- Author
-
Di Nitto, Elisabetta, Fuggetta, Alfonso, Di Nitto, Elisabetta, editor, and Fuggetta, Alfonso, editor
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Cooperative Activity as Mediation in the Social Adjustment of Chinese International Students
- Author
-
Junqian Ma
- Subjects
mediating activity ,lcsh:LC8-6691 ,Social adjustment ,social adjustment ,lcsh:Special aspects of education ,cooperative activity ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Education ,050106 general psychology & cognitive sciences ,Graduate students ,Order (exchange) ,Mediation ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,Function (engineering) ,0503 education ,Social psychology ,cooperative activity, mediating activity, social adjustment ,media_common - Abstract
Social adjustment is one of the most difficult and long-lasting challenges for international students who study in a new country. This paper uses a case study of cooperative painting activity conducted in Australian setting, in which two Chinese and three other students from different countries participated, in order to assess the efficiency of cooperative activity in mediating the social adjustment of international students. It argues that three factors determine its mediating function: namely, 1) the relaxing, pushy, and thematic setting, 2) the mediator’s role, and 3) communications and interactions. The study provides a new approach to future practices aiming to support the social adjustment of international students.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. A Program to Promote Interpersonal Consideration and Cooperation in Children
- Author
-
Solomon, Daniel, Watson, Marilyn, Battistich, Victor, Schaps, Eric, Tuck, Patricia, Solomon, Judith, Cooper, Carole, Ritchey, Wendy, Slavin, Robert, editor, Sharan, Shlomo, editor, Kagan, Spencer, editor, Hertz-Lazarowitz, Rachel, editor, Webb, Clark, editor, and Schmuck, Richard, editor
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Characterization and Specificity of a T-Cell Cooperative Factor
- Author
-
Mozes, E., Isac, R., Givol, D., Zakut, R., Beitsch, D., Feldman, Michael, editor, and Globerson, Amiela, editor
- Published
- 1976
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Polymerase Activity, Protein-Protein Interaction, and Cellular Localization of the Usutu Virus NS5 Protein.
- Author
-
Albentosa-González L, Clemente-Casares P, Sabariegos R, and Mas A
- Subjects
- Antiviral Agents pharmacology, Cell Nucleus metabolism, Flavivirus drug effects, Flavivirus genetics, Protein Binding, RNA, Viral genetics, RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase genetics, Viral Nonstructural Proteins genetics, Virus Replication drug effects, Virus Replication genetics, Flavivirus metabolism, RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase metabolism, Viral Nonstructural Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Usutu virus (USUV) has become increasingly relevant in recent years, with large outbreaks that sporadically have affected humans being reported in wildlife. Similarly to the rest of flaviviruses, USUV contains a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome which is replicated by the activity of nonstructural protein 5 (NS5). USUV NS5 shows high sequence identity with the remaining viruses in this genus. This permitted us to identify the predicted methyltransferase domain and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase domain (RdRpD). Owing to their high degree of conservation, viral polymerases are considered priority targets for the development of antiviral compounds. In the present study, we cloned and expressed the entire NS5 and the RdRpD in a heterologous system and used purified preparations for protein characterizations. We determined the optimal reaction conditions by investigating how variations in different physicochemical parameters, such as buffer concentration, temperature, and pH, affect RNA polymerization activity. We also found that USUV polymerase, but not the full-length NS5, exhibits cooperative activity in the synthesis of RNA and that the RdRp activity is not inhibited by sofosbuvir. To further examine the characteristics of USUV polymerase in a more specifically biological context, we have expressed NS5 and the RdRpD in eukaryotic cells and analyzed their subcellular location. NS5 is predominantly found in the cytoplasm; a significant proportion is directed to the nucleus, and this translocation involves nuclear location signals (NLS) located at least between the MTase and RdRpD domains., (Copyright © 2019 Albentosa-González et al.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Modes of Cognitive Control in Official Game Handball Coaching
- Author
-
Thierry Debanne, Christine Chauvin, Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Lab-STICC_UBS_CID_IHSEV, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), and Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
business.industry ,cooperative activity ,coaching styles ,Naturalistic decision-making ,Mode (statistics) ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Cognition ,Coaching ,decision making ,Computer Science Applications ,competitive context ,team management ,Software ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,naturalistic decision making ,business ,Psychology ,Control (linguistics) ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Social psychology ,Applied Psychology ,Cognitive psychology ,Abstraction (linguistics) ,Team management - Abstract
International audience; The purpose of this paper is to identify the dynamic adjustment of the cognitive control modes used by three professional head coaches during the defensive part of a handball match and, in particular, to highlight the contextual factors that have an effect on these modes. Two main aspects characterize cognitive control modes: the level of abstraction (symbolic/subsymbolic) and the origin (internal-anticipative/external-reactive) of the data used for control. Verbal communications between three coaches and their teams were recorded during 15 matches. The verbal meaningful units were encoded using a general cognitive method introduced by Amalberti and Hoc and coded using a predicate–argument format with MacSHAPA software. Analysis shows relationships between the mode of cognitive control used by coaches and the level of difficulty characterizing the situation. When the level of difficulty is low, coaches favor a reactive mode of control guided by external and subsymbolic data, whereas they favor a more abstract level of control and more internal data when facing a difficult situation. In the latter case, different coaching styles are in evidence.
- Published
- 2014
46. 幼稚園 5歳児クラスにおける協同的な活動の分析 : 保育者の支援を中心に
- Author
-
Saito, Kumiko and Muto, Takashi
- Subjects
interactions between goals and means ,roles of teacher ,cooperative activity ,協同的な活動 ,目的と手段の相互作用性 ,保育者の役割 - Abstract
本研究の目的は,目的と手段との相互作用性,保育者のかかわりとその役割の多様性に着目し,子どもの協同的な活動のあり方を探ることである。本研究では幼稚園の5 歳児クラスでの遊園地作りの活動を自然観察し,事例の分析を行った。その結果,全体の目的がめざされつつも,個々の活動のなかで目的と手段とを行きつ戻りつすることで,子どもたちの協同的な活動が豊かなものになっていた。また,保育者は様々な形で子どもたちを全体の目的へと促す一方で,目的とは異なる子どもたちからのアイデアを包含しながら,集団での協同性を育むような働きかけを行っていた。, The purpose of this study was to examine about nature of young children's cooperative activity, focused on "interactions between goals and means" and "diverseness of relationship of teacher and her roles." For this purpose, a case of handmade amusement park building process in five year old classes of kindergarten was researched, by naturally observation as frequently as twice a week during June 2003 to March 2005, and analyzed. As a result, actively cooperating experience of children was enriched by interaction between goals and means, in heading toward the grand goal. And teacher played diverse roles. Sometimes, she strongly oriented cooperation of children to the grand goal, on the other hand, her little piece of advices promoting cooperative experience comprising children's ideas., 1, KJ00005656259
- Published
- 2009
47. Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in the United States and Canada
- Author
-
Gardner, Bruce
- Subjects
PRICE LEVELS ,TRADE LIBERALIZATION ,MARKET ACCESS ,CROP SUPPLY ,BARLEY ,RURAL DEVELOPMENT ,FARM ,DAIRY INDUSTRY ,TARIFF BARRIERS ,AID PROGRAMS ,COMMODITY ,PRICE SUPPORT ,FOOD POLICY ,AGRICULTURAL LAND ,EXPORT MARKETS ,MARKETING BOARD ,STOCKS ,DOMESTIC MARKET ,SUBSTITUTE ,CROP AREA ,ENERGY PRICE ,FRUITS ,AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ,FAMILY FARMS ,INCOME ,AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT ,AGRICULTURAL SECTORS ,FARM INCOME ,FARM SIZE ,QUOTAS ,SALE ,FINANCIAL CRISIS ,DAIRY PRODUCTS ,FOOD PRICES ,MARKETING COOPERATIVES ,GRAIN MARKET ,SOYBEANS ,AGRICULTURAL MARKETING ,LEGUMES ,PEANUTS ,CROP INSURANCE ,FERTILIZERS ,AGRICULTURAL IMPORTS ,AGRICULTURAL MARKETS ,COTTON ,AGRICULTURAL TRADE ,GRAIN PRODUCTION ,PRODUCER PRICES ,AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS ,CROPLAND ,FARM PRODUCTIVITY ,AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS ,TRADE POLICY ,FARMERS ,GRAINS ,WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION ,PRICE FLOOR ,MERCHANDISE ,INCOMES ,SUGAR ,WORLD MARKETS ,SURPLUSES ,FARMS ,YIELDS ,NET EXPORTS ,FOOD SAFETY ,VEGETABLES ,ECONOMIC SITUATION ,IMPORT QUOTAS ,MARKET VALUE ,WORLD MARKET ,AGRICULTURAL POLICIES ,TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH ,CROP ,SOIL CONSERVATION ,ECONOMIC COOPERATION ,DEBT ,DISCOUNT PRICE ,PRICING POLICIES ,TRADE POLICIES ,CROP PRODUCTION ,AVERAGE PRICE ,FARM SUBSIDIES ,ORANGES ,COOPERATIVE ACTIVITY ,POULTRY ,AGRICULTURAL POLICY ,MARKETING ,PROTECTIONISM ,CORN ,WEALTH ,AGRICULTURE ,AGRICULTURAL MARKET ,INNOVATION ,AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT ,FREE TRADE ,FARM HOUSEHOLD ,CONSUMERS ,MARKET PRICES ,TEXTILES ,AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES ,SURPLUS ,WTO ,DAIRY PRODUCTION ,GDP ,FLOUR ,LEMONS ,AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ,FEED ,CROPPING PATTERNS ,POLITICAL ECONOMY ,SUPPLY MANAGEMENT ,CONSUMER INTERESTS ,EXPORTS ,TOBACCO ,MEAT ,GDP DEFLATOR ,MARKET DEVELOPMENT ,PRICE WAR ,FARMER ,MONOPOLY ,INTERNATIONAL TRADE ,SORGHUM ,OILSEEDS ,FARM HOUSEHOLDS ,CROPPING ,LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT ,CROP LOSSES ,EQUIPMENT ,HYBRID SEEDS ,AGRICULTURAL PRICES ,SUPPLY CHAIN ,MARKET TRANSITION ,AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ,PRIVATE SECTOR ,FARMING ,SPREAD ,AGRICULTURAL SECTOR ,MARKET CONDITIONS ,AGRICULTURAL GOODS ,FARM POLICIES ,GENETICS ,FREE RIDER PROBLEM ,MARKET PRICE ,WHEAT ,AGRIBUSINESS ,COMMERCE ,ECONOMIC HISTORY ,URUGUAY ROUND ,AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT ,COMMODITY PRICES ,EXPENDITURES ,GRAIN ,FOOD AID ,GRASSES ,SOYBEAN ,FREE RIDER ,ETHANOL ,MERCHANDISE TRADE ,ANIMAL PRODUCTS ,PRICE SUPPORTS ,AVERAGE PRICES ,SALES ,CROPS ,DAIRY FARMERS ,MARKET INTEGRATION ,ECONOMICS ,AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ,PRODUCER ORGANIZATIONS ,EGGS ,PLANTING ,ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE ,LIVESTOCK ,GRAIN TRANSPORTATION ,AGRICULTURAL INCOME ,RURAL SOCIOLOGY ,ECONOMIES OF SCALE ,LABOR FORCE ,CLIMATE ,TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY ,RETAIL ,VALUE OF OUTPUT ,ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ,ECONOMIC RESEARCH ,PRODUCE ,EXPENDITURE ,MAIZE - Abstract
There is much in common between the agricultural sectors of the United States and Canada. This chapter begins with a brief background on the two sectors, then reviews their histories of farm policy developments before reporting new estimates of rates of assistance to their farmers and their consequences for taxpayers and consumers. This is followed by an explanation of the politics behind the evolution and gyrations in farm policies in the two countries, and some speculation on the prospect for reform. Since the policy histories and their effects in the two countries are somewhat different, they are discussed sequentially in those sections.
- Published
- 2008
48. Conscience périphérique et travail coopératif dans un café-restaurant
- Author
-
Barbara Pentimalli and Béatrice Cahour
- Subjects
socio-cognitive dynamics ,cooperative activity ,communication ,levels of awareness ,General Engineering ,Social Sciences ,BF1-990 ,pluri-sensoriality ,Political science ,foci of attention ,Psychology ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Humanities ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Dans cet article nous presentons une etude de terrain des activites de cooperation qui ont lieu dans un cafe-restaurant entre serveurs et cuisiniers.Plus particulierement, nous montrons comment le niveau de conscience peripherique (awareness) de ce qui se passe dans l’environnement immediat de travail varie continuellement et est lie aux mecanismes d’attention des participants. Dans un premier temps, a partir de quelques sequences video, cet article analyse les fonctions de la conscience peripherique entre coequipiers grâce a l’ecoute flottante, la vision peripherique et les perceptions kinesthesiques : leur besoin d’accomplir de courts deplacements et de communiquer rapidement pour gagner du temps, leur besoin d’eviter des collisions dans un espace etroit, etc.Dans un deuxieme temps, grâce aux entretiens d’explicitation menes avec deux serveuses, nous presentons une analyse detaillee des variations de l’attention qui sont liees a la surcharge cognitive de l’activite en cours de realisation, et aux objets et personnes pertinents pour cette meme activite.
- Published
- 2005
49. A model to support collaborative work in virtual enterprises
- Author
-
Julia Bitcheva, Franck Wynen, Claude Godart, Olivier Perrin, Environment for cooperation (ECOO), INRIA Lorraine, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Université Nancy 2-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Université Nancy 2-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology ,Information Systems and Management ,Process management ,coordination ,Operations research ,Computer science ,Business process ,[INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH] ,02 engineering and technology ,Information repository ,Synchronization ,contrats ,Process management (computing) ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,activité coopérative ,0502 economics and business ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Information system ,contracts ,entreprises virtuelles ,Integrated management ,Concurrent engineering ,Transaction processing ,cooperative activity ,05 social sciences ,collaboration ,virtual enterprises ,synchronization point ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,050203 business & management - Abstract
Article dans revue scientifique avec comité de lecture. internationale.; International audience; Virtual enterprises gather partners distributed in space, time and organizations, in order to achieve a common goal. Their business process realization needs the coordination of their distributed interactions. This paper presents the Synchronization Point model. It provides support for cooperative process management and coordination. It offers pertinent information about work progress while maintaining adequate privacy of information, and supports both long-time transactions and dynamic process definition. Then, its data repository and activity manager helps human interactions in cross-organizational applications.
- Published
- 2004
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