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In this article, we examine the outbursts of a white passenger on a London tram, antagonizing others through swearing, nationalist, racist and anti-immigrant talk and the responses of carriage members to her confrontational talk. Our analysis uses a video recording of the event made by a passenger that circulated widely on social and news media. We document multiple forms of response, including the video-witnessing itself. We describe how the trouble-making passenger antagonizes other passengers in order to produce opponents. In addition, we track how members of the carriage, in responding, show their right to respond, seek to avoid the terms of the confrontation and, once constituted as political opponents, their opposition to the politics being expressed. In examining the responses to the trouble-making and the politics being contested between the persons involved and, in tracking how public transport is attempted to be transformed into an ad hoc agora, we contribute to Barnett's work on convening public space, ordinary action, and politics in human geography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Assam state, northeastern India, human–elephant conflict mitigation has included technocentric measures, such as installation of barriers, alternative livelihoods, and afforestation. Such measures treat conflict as a technical problem with linear cause–effect relations and are usually ineffective over the long term because they do not consider how historical conditions have shaped present interactions between humans and elephants. Human–elephant encounters in South Asia, including in Assam, have arisen from colonial and postcolonial land‐use policies, ethnic relations, and capital extraction. To disentangle these relations, we conducted ethnographic fieldwork in Udalguri district of Assam among the Adivasi (Tea Tribe) to examine their interactions with wild elephants. Through socioecological ruptures, caused by displacement and deforestation, Adivasi (Tea Tribe) and elephant lives have intersected through space and time. Adivasi (Tea Tribe) life narratives and observations of daily encounters with elephants revealed that their interactions are multifaceted and motivated by multiple factors. Myths and oral testimonies revealed that the community has created conceptualizations of the elephant by closely observing their behavior, especially their movements, diets, vocalizations, and interactions with humans. These conceptualizations are filled with vignettes of shared marginalized lives, caused by the loss of homeland, food poverty, and uncertain ways of living. The empathy, expressed by the Adivasi (Tea Tribe), highlights ways of living with elephants that are affective and reach beyond technocentric interventions. For Adivasi (Tea Tribe) members, cohabitation could thus be achieved by living close to elephants as uneasy neighbors. Concepts of cohabitation, we suggest, could be harnessed to inform conservation policy and bring into focus the critically important—and yet often underutilized—values, encompassed by bottom‐up, place‐centric understandings of what elephants are and how coexistence may be possible in increasingly anthropogenic landscapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers a discursive analysis of conflictive interactions on Twitter (X) about the attribution of responsibility for human rights abuses in a Chilean case study, namely the death of a man after being run over by Carabineros on January 29, 2020. This event provoked many reactions on social media concerning the attribution of responsibility, a recurrent issue in contexts of human rights abuses. The corpus is composed of three headlines published on Twitter by the television channels/programmes Teletrece, CNN Chile and 24 Horas TVN, and their comments (436 tweets analysed). In order to understand how users react to these tweets and interact to defend their point of view and manage the conflict, we analyse agentivity, social actors, attenuation and intensification. The analysis shows that users conceptualise responsibility in different ways according to whether they support the victim or the perpetrators. Moreover, the conceptualisation of responsibility varies between the three media analysed and attenuation is only found when the user interacts with another user. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to describe how the use of interrogative sentences can contribute to the induction of negative emotions and, consequently, increase the likelihood of conflict or its escalation. For this purpose, this paper analyses quantitatively a corpus obtained from the recording and transcription of therapy sessions of different Spanish couples. Specifically, for this paper, three sessions corresponding to three different therapy moments of four different couples were selected. This means that 12 therapy sessions and, approximately, 900 minutes of recording were analysed. Once the interrogative sentences used by the couples have been identified, the following aspects are described and quantified in order to answer the following questions: What is the underlying intention behind the use of these sentences by the couples in these situations? Is there variation in how different couples use them? Do the uses change consistently as the therapy progresses? Is there a correlation between the pragmatic use of these sentences and the specific types of interrogative sentences used in each case? The analysis reveals a variety of uses depending on the couples. However, it also detects a minority use of interrogative sentences for requesting unknown information and, conversely, a prevalence of uses aimed at making the speaker's position prevail, although through the mitigation allowed by an open statement. Finally, the analysis also shows a strong correlation between the pragmatic use of interrogative sentences and their form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mitigation is understood as a pragmatic phenomenon. Among the linguistic resources that may acquire a mitigating value, originated by face protection needs, are the approximators, elements that bring semantic imprecision to the meanings of the expressions they modify; and that can operate in interaction with different values at different levels. The aim of this paper is to study the use of approximators in a sample of conflictive conversations belonging to the ESPRINT corpus, in order to a) identify these elements and establish the semantic and discursive-pragmatic values they operate with; and b) determine whether the use of the identified particles, in their different values, derives in a mitigating one that works in favor of the regulation of conflict. The results indicate that approximators such como (que), un poco, en plan, medio and tipo are present in conflictive interaction with different values that operate at the semantic and discursive level. Mitigation, as a pragmatic value, has been identified only in certain uses of como (que) and un poco. The analysis carried out allows us to conclude that, indeed, the approximators como (que) and un poco act in certain contexts as strategic mitigating mechanisms, with a (self-)protective and/or preventive function, which operates in favor of the regulation of conflict in interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a discursive characterization of the Spanish construction haber + past infinitive, also known as the retrospective infinitive (Bosque, 1980), as a form used to convey reproach. To this end, several research questions are asked. First, what are the main characteristic attributes of haber + past participle? Is there a high degree of coincidence between the inherent features of this construction and the defining characteristics of reproaches in general? To what extent does context condition the relation between haber + past participle and reproach? Finally, and in relation to the latter question, what discursive patterns can be identified in the use of the construction? Examples will be drawn from five corpora, thus real data are used in support of the conclusions, which constitutes one of the main novelties of the study in relation to previous work in the area. Results reveal that there is a high degree of coincidence between the attributes that characterize the past infinitive and the criteria that typically convey the reproach itself. From a discursive perspective, three main patterns are observed to emerge when this structure is used: neutralization and mitigation of the reproach, the expression of rebuttal and disagreement, and the development of argumentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explores some prosodic features of discursive conflict, based on the manual and automatic analysis of 1371 intonational groups from 7 conversations within the same family. Out of these, 738 were manually designated as non-conflictive, while 633 were labeled as conflictive. Statistical tools, including ANOVA and boxplots, have helped clarify singularities inherent to discursive conflict. The research focuses on the examination of tone, revealing significant disparities both among speakers and in conflict contexts. Despite general consistency in the data, notable variations are observed, especially in the case of a particular speaker whose tone shows remarkable variability between conflictive and non-conflictive sequences. Importantly, speech rate emerged as a distinctive prosodic marker, showing significant differences both among speakers and in conflict scenarios. In contrast, variables such as tonal inflection, intensity, and duration did not show significant differences based on conflict levels or speaker identities, suggesting the need for precise and contextualized analysis. The creation and development of the Oralstats Furious program for automatic categorization introduced an additional layer to the study. Discrepancies between manual and automatic categorizations revealed significant disparities, hinting at possible overestimations or underestimations of conflict in manual analyses. Interactive data visualization proved invaluable for accurate validation, allowing researchers to refine both manual and automatic classifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Everyday conversation is considered a collaborative genre where participants seek harmony and agreement. Unlike genres such as television talk shows or parliamentary debates, everyday conversation is not inherently confrontational, though it is not devoid of conflicts. This study examines how conflict is linguistically manifested in spontaneous conversations, based on structural, interactional, and linguistic indicators identified in the literature. A corpus of family conversations recorded with a hidden microphone is used, labeled by a participant in the conversation. The analysis compares the definition of conflict in the literature with the participants' perception, identifying areas of overlap and discrepancy, and reflecting on the undefined zones between both perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The creation of an oral corpus, defined as a collection of natural speech recordings arranged for computational processing, presents several challenges that must be carefully considered to ensure its quality and usefulness. In a corpus of the characteristics of the one presented below, the ESPRINT corpus of conflicting conversation between people with an intimate relationship, the main challenge has to do with attending to the ethical and legal principles involved in both its collection and its subsequent processing for linguistic analysis. In any case, the participants’s right to privacy and anonymity must be guaranteed. The ESPRINT corpus has a dual nature, on the one hand conversational (ESPRINT-Conversation), on the other hand therapeutic (ESPRINT-Therapies), which implies two modes of collection, as well as data processing, privacy management, storage and analysis, since therapies are recorded in a socio-health context with specificities in terms of data access, which requires a strict storage protocol and a clear policy on who can access the corpus, for what purposes and under what conditions, respecting privacy rights and consent agreements. Furthermore, in both cases, extreme precautions must be taken given the sensitive content of the recordings. The actions carried out by the corpus management in the area of data protection guarantee compliance with the legal precepts in this regard, as well as the safeguarding of the right to privacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to describe the characteristic features of conflicts in colloquial conversation between relatives, friends or acquaintances, to explain how they work and to observe whether there are differences between them and also in comparison with other types of conflicts in colloquial conversation, such as couple conflicts. The corpus for the analysis is constituted by the 19 conversations transcribed in Briz and Grupo Val.Es.Co. (2002), although one of them was already analyzed as an amorous couple conflict in Briz (in press.). We try to show that these conflicts are not very or not at all intense, that they arise at a specific moment of the conversation, that they have an occasional character, that the activator of this conflict would be discourtesy, although often feigned, and that the use of humorous resources would stand out in these conflicts. It is our intention, therefore, to establish a typology of these conflicts on the basis of their features, without forgetting the role of the participants and the roles they acquire in the «struggle». [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Party political conflict plays an essential role in shaping welfare policies, while they are simultaneously also shaped by these policies. As political parties grapple with the wicked challenges of our times, new forms of solidarity and solidarity conflicts arise across welfare regimes. Despite their significance, these dynamics have not received much recent attention. Our article aims to fill this gap. Through content analysis of party manifestos, we compare the solidarity frames of political parties within and between three distinct welfare regimes—Flanders (Belgium), Sweden, and the United States. Our results confirm our expectations drawn from political feedback literature: while party ideology influences parties' solidarity frame preferences and solidarity conflicts between parties, these preferences and conflicts are also influenced by a welfare regime's societal solidarity norms. Our article highlights the value of analyzing solidarity frames and political solidarity conflicts within welfare‐state regimes to better understand welfare politics and policies. Related Articles: König, Pascal D. 2015. "Moral Societal Renewal or Getting the Country Back to Work: Welfare State Culture as a Resource and a Constraint for Policy Discourse." Politics & Policy 43(5): 647–78. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12130. Mioni, Michele, 2021. "The 'Good Citizen' as a 'Respectable Worker:' State, Unemployment, and Social Policy in the United Kingdom and Italy, 1930 to 1950." Politics & Policy 49(4): 913–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12425. Wagle, Udaya R. 2014. "The Heterogeneity Politics of the Welfare State: Changing Population Heterogeneity and Welfare State Policies in High‐Income OECD Countries, 1980‐2005." Politics & Policy 41(6): 947–84. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12053. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the last decade, a significant amount of academic research focusing on the causes of, and the actors involved in the Yemen conflict has been published in peer‐reviewed journals, edited volumes, and books. Yet this research has emerged in a fragmented way that renders a comprehensive understanding of the conflict a challenging enterprise. Through our systematic review of peer‐reviewed academic articles and meta‐analysis of their findings, we identified and analyzed three main debates about the Yemen conflict. We conclude that each of these discussions contributes valuable insights but alone cannot fully explain the complex reasons behind the Yemen conflict. Instead, they offer individual pieces of the puzzle. We argue that a comprehensive understanding of the conflict necessitates considering and synthesizing all three debates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With its signing of the Havana Peace Agreement in 2016, Colombia sought to end an armed conflict that had lasted more than sixty years and had left nearly nine million victims. The agreement led to the establishment of a transitional justice (TJ) framework, including the Commission for the Clarification of Truth, Coexistence, and Non-Repetition (CEV). This study identifies how the CEV incorporated the legacies of colonialism into its analytical framework. The research is based on in-depth interviews with twenty scholars specializing in colonialism and/or TJ, nineteen peacebuilders, informal conversations with CEV members, and a review of various volumes of the final report. The findings highlight that the commission adopted a long-term historical perspective, revisiting aspects of Spanish colonialism (including structural racism and the hacienda system as an institution of territorial, political, and economic order) as explanatory factors for the various forms of violence experienced during the armed conflict. Additionally, several volumes of the final report emphasize the ongoing impact of colonial legacies, viewing them more as continuities or “ruins,” using Stoler’s concept (2008). While the possibility of dismantling colonial legacies on a material level due to the CEV’s work is debated, its symbolic significance must be highlighted, especially in a context where the State had sought to erase the colonial past. This article contributes to the emerging literature that examines TJ from a decolonial perspective, providing an empirical analysis of the CEV in Colombia, which we believe can become a key reference for this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El fanzine es una producción artística, independiente y transgresora que replantea desde su estética la función social y crítica del arte como medio de liberación y de expresión. Este artículo discute las implicaciones del fanzine como una estrategia divulgativa, a partir de la pregunta: ¿cual ha sido el rol del fanzine como propuesta de transformación social desde el arte? Para dar respuesta a este interrogante, se examinan fuentes documentales editadas entre los años de 1985 y 2000, las cuales abordan problemáticas como la violencia, el conflicto armado y la relación de las personas con las políticas gubernamentales en Colombia. Se concluye que el fanzine es una producción artística y cultural cuya independencia y naturaleza la convierte en una estrategia de expresión crítica y se constituye en respuesta histórica a coyunturas sociales y culturales transgresoras de la sociedad.

Yo, Elvis Riboldi (Javier Galán y Raphaël Lamarque, 2020) nos presenta la historia de un niño lleno de energía, fan de AC/DC, optimista y apasionado que representa un desafío para muchas personas por su forma de ser. Elvis encarna la vida cotidiana de un niño con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH). Este estudio se propone analizar el personaje de Elvis para conocer y profundizar en cómo se presenta y representa la salud mental de un niño con TDAH y examinar de qué forma es tratado en los diferentes ámbitos: familiar, escolar, comunidad. Para ello se analizan los elementos audiovisuales y las estructuras narrativas que componen a esta animación pensada para un público infantojuvenil de entre 7 y 11 años. El estudio revela que los elementos que componen a esta obra permiten expresar de manera más fluida y didáctica la vida de un niño diagnosticado con TDAH. Este anime se destaca por la facilidad con la que se logra empatizar con el protagonista habilitando un espacio clave en la diversidad de personalidades y promoviendo diferentes instrumentos para la resolución de conflictos.

Copyright of Journal of Politics in Latin America is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Societal transformations for addressing climate change are intensely contested and at risk of resistance and backlash to ambitious policy action. But they are frequently modeled through heuristics such as S‐curves which abstract from such conflicts, assuming increasing returns to scale as a driver of transformations. This is the case even while scholars accept the presence of political conflict in transformation processes. Within political science and allied disciplines, the notions of policy feedback and policy coalitions have been deployed to understand how such political conflicts may be understood. But these approaches risk gravitating toward an instrumental design impulse that inadvertently downplays conflict. We argue that policy action for societal transformations should be re‐conceptualized as an unfolding series of battle‐settlement events whereby heated episodic political struggles over a certain policy object or issue play out and eventually settle in ways that structure future debates while nonetheless remaining indeterminate and open to challenge or reversal. Such an approach reflects the varied empirical experiences of climate policy action to date which include both accumulation and reversal. It also helps explain trajectories of change that are discontinuous and lurching in contrast to common images of transformation as progressive and cumulative. We illustrate this approach through two cases of unfolding societal transformation on climate change: coal phaseout in the United Kingdom and renewable energy uptake in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feminist foreign policy is analyzed in the speeches published on two international conflicts in some government accounts of Colombia, Spain, Argentina, and El Salvador. To do so, a statistical analysis of the discourse and categorization of emotions was used in more than 2000 messages on the social network X. Colombia and Spain show a more significant commitment to the multilateral agenda and use characteristics of a feminist foreign policy. However, they approach the conflicts of Russia-Ukraine (Spain) and Palestine-Israel (Colombia) differently. Regarding the emotional tone, negative emotions (hatred, distrust, anger) predominate --particularly in Colombia-- and in the case of positive emotions, trust --predominantly in Colombia and El Salvador--. The implications of the findings for adopting feminist foreign policy are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article includes and analyzes the events that occurred during the period 2011-2021 in relation to the socioenvironmental problems associated with mining in the Complejo Cruz Verde-Sumapaz Páramo (cpcvs) with the objective of identifying those actors who have a role in the problems, decision, and institutional-normative advances that have an impact on the environmental legal system. This research was carried out with a descriptive qualitative approach based on the methodology for community management of environmental conflicts. It provides a biogeographical characterization of the main socio-environmental elements and a precision of the temporality of the most relevant facts. As a result, three scenarios of debate are defined: ambiguity in the dispositions, normative outdatedness and applicability exceptions, concluding that these factors allowed the exploitation in the páramo, generating a significant conflict in the environmental legal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this project, couple relationships between adults with intellectual disabilities were analysed, with the aim of detecting training needs for the management of their conflicts, using a mixed methodology, combining a descriptive study of a 40-item survey and interviews. The questionnaire is based on the heuristic quality of the life model of Schalock and Verdugo (2002/2003), structured in 8 dimensions, which was completed with an interview. The sample included 52 people with intellectual disabilities from different Integration Support Centres and associations of the Principality of Asturias, in the 20-54-age range, and who were in a heterosexual relationship at the beginning of the study. The analyses carried out were the central tendency and dispersion statistics for each variable, and the contrast statistics between the responses based on sex, type of housing and cohabitation, using Student's t for independent samples. The quantitative data were complemented with fragments from the interviews to comment on the results of the questionnaire. The results led to the conclusion that people with intellectual disabilities have serious difficulties in creating a solid bond with their partner and managing everyday conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article studies selective homicide, a modality of urban violence and its related forms in the district of Buenaventura between 2000. and 2015. The methodology was mixed, based on aggregated databases of the National Center for Historical Memory (CNMH, for its acronym in Spanish) and the documentary prepared with local, regional, and national press. The results show the prevalence of selective homicide against members of organizations and social leaders, retaliation between armed groups, and organized crime related to illicit crops and common crime. Between 2002 and 2005, it was more intense, and massacres and disappearances were higher between 2006 and 2010. By way of conclusion, selective killing is linked to illegal activities, political interests, and the actions of armed groups of different kinds, as expressions of power towards individuals with social identities and their organizations seen as adversaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to support the idea that art is an exploration of conflicts. To achieve this goal, at first it is necessary to understand that a key to interpretation is to assume that conflicts are constitutive of every social bond, and that a harmonious society is a contradiction in terms. In a second moment, we will understand that the conflict will be located in the novel as the fundamental setting where modernity occurs. In a third moment, the questioning of the crisis will take us to the psychoanalytic assumptions to understand the relationship between conflict, modernity and identity based on the concepts of sublimation, oblivion and mourning. Finally, we will try to determine how the three previous moments are synthesized in anthropological vulnerability as a point of contact in the relationship between literature and philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cocoa cultivation is one of the sectors that most contributes to Ecuador's GDP. The aim of this study is to determine the Land-Use Conflict (UC) for cocoa in 71 cities on the coast of Ecuador. Photointerpretation has been applied to locate the crop and geospatial modeling has been used to analyze Land Use Capacity (LUC) criteria, agroecological requirements and LUC at 1:5,000. Of the total study surface area, 4.65% is occupied by cocoa crops and of this value 66.03% is in adequate use (AU) and 33.97% in LUC, and the category of UC over lightly used is the most frequent with 17.25% of the total surface in LUC. In the coastal region, the province of Guayas has the lowest LUC in contrast to Los Rios; the predominant LUC for the crop is Class III 34.32%. The findings show that the LUC of cocoa has a low concordance with the national Agroecological Zoning (AZ), since this model considers the crop in natural conditions, the main limiting factor is the vegetative wet period and does not take into account whether the crop is present in the territory. The use of national AZ information to establish crops could limit their production, since it has been demonstrated that there are cultivated areas that are not in conflict and that are exploited by farmers. This study is replicable to other crops and scalable to any area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the article is to identify the perceptions, meanings, and resignifications that the inhabitants of Sígsig canton, Azuay province (Ecuador), assign to archaeological heritage. It also attempts to explain how these ways of understanding and using such heritage come into conflict and friction when managed exclusively within a legal and institutional framework. To analyze the ambiguities arising from the dichotomy between public management and the local populations' uses and meanings of heritage, this study employs the theoretical frameworks of public archaeology and the methodological approach of participatory cartographies. By analyzing national and local heritage regulations and conducting interviews and mappings with actors from the educational, political, and general society sectors, it is suggested that institutional management views heritage as an identity, historical, and economic resource through tourism. Additionally, this management is characterized by a fiscalizing, regulatory, and sanctioning logic, while the inhabitants understand, incorporate, and use archaeological objects and vestiges in their daily lives. This usage fosters a direct connection with oral traditions, intangible aspects, and, above all, with nature. Thus, frictions were identified between the social and political uses of heritage, which regularly involve themes such as gold, mining, and water, within a framework of collective imaginaries and discourses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most recent reimagining of Miguel de Cervantes's Don Quixote (1605) --Salman Rushdie's Quichotte (2019)-- represents the volatile identities in American society under the conditions of blurring a line between fact and fiction. Exploring quixotism as the conflict of idealism vs realism elucidates the idea of humans who fight with the windmills in their heads. Against the background of this conflict, topical concerns are vividly highlighted to remain constant throughout the centuries, considering specific historical and sociocultural circumstances. The impact of this binary opposition on the worldview of the people of that time and the modern ones, created by Cervantes and Rushdie correspondingly, is a primary focus of the article. Both novels share a symbolic reflection of the world through the distinct aesthetics of a work of fiction that moves them beyond metafictional narration. A comparative study of the diachronically different stories emphasises a similarity of the strong questions raised about the societies whose ideals quixotes reflect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In February 2022, the so-called Special Military Operation launched by Vladimir Putin activated the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. This article seeks to answer why the conflict between Russia and Ukraine can be configured as a fifth-generation war. The research found that the confrontation between Russia and Ukraine can be categorized as a fifth-generation war because the fighting is taking place in cities, which are categorized as the military, political and economic centers of gravity. Furthermore, the confrontation, despite taking place on the traditional plane of warfare, has also involved the fifth domain of warfare, cyberspace, and finally, the involvement of private military companies in the conflict was identified. In this respect, the qualitative methodological approach allows us to analyses the characteristics of fifth generation warfare in the light of an international case study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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La atenuación es entendida como un fenómeno pragmático. Entre los recursos lingüísticos susceptibles de adquirir un valor atenuante, originado por necesidades de protección de la imagen, se encuentran las partículas aproximadoras, elementos que aportan imprecisión semántica a los significados de las expresiones a las que modifican y que pueden presentarse en la interacción con diversos valores que actúan en distintos niveles. El presente trabajo se propone estudiar el uso de partículas aproximadoras en una muestra de conversaciones conflictivas pertenecientes al corpus ESPRINT, con el fin de a) identificar estos elementos y establecer los valores semánticos y discursivo-pragmáticos con los que operan; y b) determinar si el uso de las partículas identificadas, en sus diferentes valores, deriva en uno atenuante que opere en favor de la regulación del conflicto. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los aproximadores como (que), un poco, en plan, medio y tipo se presentan en la interacción conflictiva con diferentes valores que operan a nivel semántico y discursivo. La atenuación, valor pragmático, ha sido identificada solo en determinados usos de como (que) y un poco. El análisis realizado permite concluir que, en efecto, las partículas aproximadoras como (que) y un poco actúan en ciertos contextos como mecanismos estratégicos atenuantes, con una función (auto)protectora y/o preventiva, que opera en favor de la regulación del conflicto en la interacción.

Esta investigación explora algunas características prosódicas del conflicto discursivo, a partir de la comparación entre el análisis manual y automático de 1371 grupos entonativos procedentes de 7 conversaciones de una misma familia. De estos, 738 fueron designados manualmente como no conflictivos, mientras que 633 fueron etiquetados como conflictivos. Herramientas estadísticas, incluyendo ANOVA y boxplots, han permitido esclarecer singularidades inherentes al discurso conflictivo. Por ejemplo, el examen del tono revela disparidades significativas tanto entre hablantes como en contextos de conflicto. A pesar de la consistencia general en los datos, se observan variaciones notables, especialmente en el caso de algún hablante, cuyo tono muestra una notable variabilidad entre secuencias conflictivas y no conflictivas. De manera significativa, la velocidad de habla también resultó ser un marcador prosódico distintivo, mostrando diferencias significativas tanto entre hablantes como en escenarios de conflicto. En contraste, variables como la inflexión tonal, intensidad y duración no mostraron diferencias significativas basadas en niveles de conflicto o identidades de hablantes. La creación y desarrollo del programa Oralstats Furious para la categorización automática introdujo un elemento adicional al estudio. La visualización interactiva de datos ha resultado muy importante para una validación precisa, por lo que se permite a los investigadores refinar tanto las clasificaciones manuales como las automáticas. Las discrepancias entre las categorizaciones manuales y automáticas revelaron disparidades significativas, insinuando posibles sobreestimaciones o subestimaciones del conflicto en análisis manuales.

La conversación coloquial se distingue por ser un género colaborativo donde los participantes buscan armonía y acuerdo. A diferencia de géneros conflictivos como tertulias televisivas o debates parlamentarios, la conversación coloquial no es inherentemente conflictiva, aunque no está libre de conflictos. Este estudio examina cómo se manifiesta lingüísticamente el conflicto en conversaciones espontáneas, basándose en indicadores estructurales, interaccionales y lingüísticos identificados en la literatura. Se utiliza un corpus de conversaciones familiares recogidas con micrófono oculto, etiquetadas por una interlocutora presente. El análisis compara la definición de conflicto en la bibliografía con la percepción de los participantes, identificando áreas de coincidencia y discrepancia, y reflexionando sobre las zonas de indefinición entre ambas perspectivas.

La intención de este trabajo es describir los rasgos característicos de los conflictos en la conversación coloquial entre familiares, amigos o conocidos, explicar su funcionamiento y observar si existen diferencias entre estos y en comparación también con otros tipos de conflictos de la conversación coloquial, como los conflictos de pareja. El corpus para el análisis lo constituyen las 19 conversaciones que aparecen transcritas en Briz y Grupo Val.Es.Co.. (2002), si bien una de ellas ya fue analizada como conflicto amoroso de pareja Briz (e.p.). Intentamos mostrar que se trata de conflictos poco o nada intensos que surgen en un momento concreto de la conversación, que tienen un carácter ocasional, que el activador de dicho conflicto sería la descortesía, aunque a menudo fingida, y en estos destacaría el empleo de recursos humorísticos. Es nuestra intención establecer, así pues, una tipología de estos conflictos a partir de sus rasgos, sin olvidar el papel que en ellos tienen los participantes y los roles que adquieran dentro de la “lucha”.

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir de qué manera el uso de las oraciones interrogativas puede contribuir a generar emociones negativas y, en consecuencia, incrementar las posibilidades de que se genere un conflicto o que este escale. Para ello este trabajo se centra en el análisis cuantitativo de un corpus formado a partir de la grabación y transcripción de sesiones de terapia de distintas parejas españolas. En concreto, para este estudio se seleccionaron tres sesiones correspondientes a tres momentos de la terapia de cuatro parejas diferentes. Esto supone el análisis de 12 terapias y, aproximadamente, 900 minutos de grabación. Una vez identificadas las oraciones interrogativas realizadas por la pareja, se describen y cuantifican para responder a las siguientes cuestiones: ¿cuál es la intencionalidad que subyace al uso que realizaron las parejas en dichas situaciones?, ¿existe variación entre los usos realizados por las distintas parejas?, ¿los usos varían de forma regular conforme avanza la terapia? y ¿hay una correspondencia entre el uso pragmático de estas oraciones y el tipo de oraciones interrogativas utilizadas en cada caso? El análisis muestra una diversidad de usos según las parejas, no obstante, detecta también una utilización minoritaria de las oraciones interrogativas para la petición de información desconocida y, por el contrario, el predominio de los usos mediante los cuales el hablante intentará hacer prevalecer su posicionamiento, aunque mediante la mitigación que permite un enunciado abierto. Por último, el análisis también muestra una fuerte correlación entre el uso pragmático de las oraciones interrogativas y su forma.

La empatía juega un rol importante en las interacciones sociales y suele moldearse según los códigos culturales. Ante situaciones idénticas, es probable que las respuestas empáticas revelen patrones culturales particulares, diferenciándose en dimensiones tanto cognitivas como afectivas. Este estudio reclutó participantes chinos y españoles (N=20) y los situó en escenarios para inducir empatía (conflictos familiares). Se analizaron las narrativas orales para identificar patrones culturales en la empatía. Los resultados muestran similitudes y diferencias culturales entre chinos y españoles, tanto en la adopción de perspectivas en la historia del conflicto como en las estrategias elegidas para gestionar una historia alternativa.

Las relaciones entre monjas y confesores, como objeto de estudio, no han recibido demasiada atención por parte de la historiografía centrada en el mundo religioso femenino de la época moderna. Aunque se han llevado a cabo algunas contribuciones, todavía faltan por estudiar muchos de sus matices. Por ello, en este trabajo nos centraremos en algunos procesos de cambio de jurisdicción del siglo XVIII español, conservados en el Archivo Apostólico Vaticano, en los cuales los argumentos empleados por las religiosas respecto a la buena o mala dirección espiritual tuvieron el peso suficiente como para garantizar el cambio de dependencia que solicitaban. Su estudio nos permitirá acercarnos a las características cotidianas de estas relaciones espirituales, así como al mundo conventual femenino en el que se desarrollaron.

Análisis de las implicaciones fiscales de la conversión a la fe cristiana de los mudéjares de Castilla en 1501-1502, con especial énfasis en la situación de las comunidades asentadas en los señoríos de las Órdenes Militares, y en los procesos de negociación del nuevo estatuto morisco. Si bien el bautismo llevaba aparejada la supresión de la «fiscalidad diferencial» percibida por los poderes cristianos sobre las comunidades musulmanas, la continuidad en el cobro de tributos y prestaciones por los señores generó abundantes conflictos en los primeros años del siglo XVI. Las comunidades moriscas reaccionaron defendiendo su nuevo estatuto jurídico y fiscal, apoyado por la política de la Corona tendente a reconocer la exención de estas cargas como forma de facilitar la asimilación de estos grupos. Se abordan como casos de estudio representativos las situaciones observadas en los señoríos del reino de Murcia, el Campo de Calatrava y la comunidad de Hornachos.

En el contexto latinoamericano los enfoques con los que se ha pensado e intervenido el espacio público están fuertemente inspirados en la realidad del norte global. Estos enfoques, al confluir en un ideal normativo de espacio público, son poco adecuados para analizar la realidad situada y conflictiva de diferentes espacios públicos latinoamericanos. Además, están caracterizados por una mirada dualista en la que el espacio público es entendido como el escenario físico que alberga la vida urbana. Frente a estas concepciones, en este artículo generamos una doble propuesta para entender la producción del espacio público. En primer lugar, desde un plano axiológico proponemos una mirada centrada en el conflicto; luego, desde un plano onto-epistémico proponemos una analítica de ensamblaje. Para comprobar el tipo de alcances que permiten las coordenadas de análisis propuestas, estudiamos la remodelación de un parque urbano de Valparaíso a través de la producción de datos de diferentes tipologías, (entrevistas geo-espacializadas, fotografías, revisión documental y entrevistas caminantes). A la luz de los resultados reflexionamos sobre cómo el conflicto socio-espacial articula la producción del espacio a través de la hibridación ensamblada de aspectos de diferentes naturalezas, y sobre cómo el lugar es más que un mero escenario de conflicto.

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The article puts into conversation a set of ethnographic experiences understood as “waysof- living-in-common”, which present a series of challenges for interdisciplinary approaches. We start from the central hypothesis that ethnography itself constitutes a form of becoming- in-common that articulates and tensions differentiated forms of communalization. Our central objective is to compare and analyze community processes and projects carried out in different regional contexts of Argentina, alongside with communities Huarpe de Lavalle (Mendoza) and El Encón (San Juan), Kolla (Inter-Andean Valleys of Salta), Diaguita (Choromoro Valley, Tucumán) and community of Mutquín (Catamarca), in articulation with the analysis of the collaborative ethnographic practice itself. For the analysis we take up contributions from references of French post-structuralism and the so-called “community thinking”, in its French and Italian line, in articulation with contemporary approaches of anthropological and ethnographic theory, which allow us to re-think ethnographic practice and project new commons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Latin-American context, public spaces have been conceptualized and intervened upon using approaches strongly inspired by the reality of the global North. These approaches, insofar as they align with a normative ideal of public space, are not well-suited to analyze the situated and conflictive reality of different Latin American public spaces. Furthermore, they are characterized by a dualistic perspective where public space is understood as the physical stage that hosts urban life. Given these conceptions, in this article we generate a dual proposal to understand the production of public space. Firstly, from an axiological dimension, we propose a perspective focused on conflict; then, from the ontoepistemic dimension we propose an assamblage analysis. To test the extent of the reach allowed by the proposed analytical coordinates, we studied the remodeling of an urban park in Valparaíso through the production of different kind of data (geo-spatialized interviews, photographs, documentary review and walking interviews). In the light of the results, we reflect on how socio-spatial conflict articulates the production of space through the assembled hybridization of aspects of different natures, and how the place is more than a mere scenario of conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In 2019, EMBRAPA organized the first meeting to define the creation proposal for AMACRO (an acronym for Amazonas, Acre and Rondônia), a regional model for attracting development focused on Brazilian agribusiness production. The article aims to understand how the discourse and the attempt to create AMACRO, in a context legitimized by the then Brazilian government of Jair Bolsonaro, triggered processes of destruction in the Amazon rainforest, unleashing conflicts with local populations, as well as understanding how agribusiness acts strategically in creating regions favorable to its enterprises and its ideologies in agricultural frontier areas. The article is divided into four parts: first, an analysis to understand how the structuring of regions occurs in the process of expanding agricultural frontiers, through the actions of the Brazilian state and the justifications used for the creation of AMACRO; secondly, the process of the agricultural frontier towards the Amazon; third, the current situation of AMACRO, with regard to the growth of conflicts, the advance of deforestation, the intensification of cattle ranching and the arrival of soya; and for the last part, we will reflect on the impacts caused, specially in the environmental sphere, by the expansion of the frontier, which is not only agricultural, but is also characterized as a toxic frontier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the practices of the pulp industry and its by-products in the far north of Espírito Santo, between the municipalities of Conceição da Barra and São Mateus, over the last 60 years. To do so, it presents the entry process of the pulp industry in this territory, known as Sapê do Norte, where more than 30 quilombola communities live. We will discuss the logic and form of eucalyptus plantations, their effects and, more recently, the ontological conflicts arising from the criticism coming from quilombolas and partner activists regarding the management methods of the place by the pulp company. In this way, we analyze the processes and practices of world construction of the colonizers - extractivism corporations, large landowners and the State - as colonial ontological designs. We conclude that it is possible to observe the updating of the colonial technologies of the pulp industry, from strictly coercive violence with the use of the State's military apparatus, to the era of conflict and criticism management, remaining as a fundamental part of the process of maintaining non-humans. and of humans as colonized subjects within a colonial world construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]