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Summary: In order to study the dynamic characteristics and human‐induced vibration response of light steel foamed concrete composite floor (LCSF), the vibration characteristics of 4.2 m × 5 m LCSF model were tested under the condition of opposite side support, and the natural vibration frequency of LCSF was obtained. The orthogonal anisotropic elastic plate and the simulated beam element were used, respectively, to compute the natural vibration frequency of the LCSF, and the estimated findings were compared with those obtained from measurements. The discrepancy between the calculated results and the measured results of the approximate beam element using the natural vibration frequency calculation technique is around 13%, but the error for the plate element using the calculated results and the tested results is about 23%. To examine the floor's vibration response under the factors of step frequency, walking path, pedestrian density, and load distribution, the LCSF underwent a human‐induced vibration test. The test results show that the fundamental frequency of the LCSF specimen is about 11 Hz, which can meet the requirements of the specification. However, the vibration response of the LCSF specimen under different conditions of pedestrian load is significantly different. With the acceleration of step frequency and the increase and concentration of load, the floor's vibration response becomes more visible. In the route test, it is established that LCSF has the attribute of a unidirectional plate. The natural vibration frequency of similar floor slab can be calculated by the method of simulating the natural vibration frequency of beam element. The findings can serve as a guide for LCSF research and implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This study investigates the seismic impact of concrete floors on reduced beam section beam‐to‐column joints through four quasi‐static cyclic tests. We examine mechanical properties, failure modes, and processes against specific criteria. Additionally, we analyze hysteretic response, energy dissipation, stiffness, capacity, and stress–strain mechanisms. Moreover, the ABAQUS platform was used to reproduce the specimen nonlinear finite element model to compare and analyze the test results. The results showed that the specimens exhibit excellent energy dissipation capacity and ductility (with a coefficient of 5.00); the column‐bar connection characteristics affect the maximum capacity and plastic hinge behavior in the reduced beam area. The reduced section of beam's upper flange could not improve the overall seismic performance of the joint. The observed failure sequence is as follows: concrete floor cracking, beam flange yielding, reinforcement fracture, lower flange yielding in the reduced beam area, and overall joint failure. This sequence confirms that the joint fulfills the design criteria of a "strong column‐weak beam" by achieving the target of plastic hinge outward movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present a new parameterization and optimization procedure for minimizing the weight of ribbed plates. The primary goal is to reduce embodied CO2 in concrete floors as part of the effort to diminish the carbon footprint of the construction industry. A coupled plate-beam finite element model and its computational mesh enable simultaneous topology, shape and sizing optimization of ribbed plate systems. Using analytical sensitivity analysis and gradient-based optimization, we achieve significant weight reductions in the range of 24–57%, in comparison to reference designs with regular ribbing patterns. The results strengthen the argument in favor of ribbed plates as a structural system that can serve the environmental goals of the construction industry. While our focus is on ribbed concrete plates in buildings, the proposed mesh-based design parameterization is applicable in the general case of optimizing stiffened shells—with potential contributions also to automotive and aerospace applications. All computer codes used in this study are freely available through a public repository, . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Materiały Budowlane is the property of Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study focuses on the design procedure and development of the unbonded fiber-reinforced elastomeric isolator (UFREI) and its application to prevalent masonry building practices in developing countries. The proposed design procedure caters to the development of rectangular UFREIs with or without modifications, considering an improved shear behavior formulation. Afterward, the proposed design procedure is used to design the isolation system for a pre-existing base-isolated masonry building located in the Tawang district in the northeastern state of Arunachal Pradesh in India. Three different configurations of the above building [i.e., fixed base, isolated using square UFREIs, and isolated using modified rectangular UFREIs (MR-UFREI)] are considered for a comparative response analysis under a set of probable ground motions during a service period of 100 years. The building is modeled in SAP2000, where it is subjected to nonlinear time-history analysis under the considered set of ground motions. The masonry walls are modeled as nonlinear layered shell elements, and concrete floors as rigid diaphragms. An improved shear formulation of UFREI is used to model the isolation system as a combination of a multilinear elastic spring and a dashpot. Major response parameters, i.e., floor accelerations, isolator displacement, interstory drift ratio, etc., are investigated, and a significant improvement is witnessed throughout with the use of the MR-UFREI isolation system. The stress–strain distribution and concentrations in the masonry structure and isolation system are also investigated. These distributions are further used to quantify the fatigue losses to the elastomer layers used in the isolation system during the design period, which is found to be minimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Handling potatoes individually or collectively in packages can create opportunities for potatoes to develop quality defects including blackspot and shatter bruise. Three trials were conducted to examine how handling packaged potatoes can influence the risk for physical damage including shatter and blackspot bruise. An impact recording device was used to record peak acceleration (max g-force) in common fresh market packaging options (boxes or bales) at four drop heights (15 to 91 cm) on to three different surface types. When boxed potatoes were dropped onto concrete or a plastic slip, the potatoes on the bottom of the box had the highest risk of damage (greater than 100 g-force). When drop heights were lowered, or when cushioning material was added to hard surfaces (e.g., wooden pallet on top of concrete floor), the risk for impact damage was decreased throughout the box. When palletizing boxed potatoes, the risk of bruise decreased after the first layer was stacked on the pallet. Drop heights need to be below 15 cm, especially when making the first layer in a palletized stack of packaged potatoes to reduce potential bruising. The risk of high peak accelerations was not seen in the dropped or stationary bales for any of the drop heights examined. This study provided information for educating personnel on handling packaged potatoes and determining situations in which robotic stacking equipment needs to be adjusted to lower drop heights of packaged potatoes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conservation and repair of XX century architectural heritage built with reinforced concrete is becoming more and more important and requires suitable materials and technical solutions. In particular, effectiveness, compatibility and durability must be ensured, in spite of the limited extent of demolition allowed by the local authorities, and the literature in this field is still limited. In this paper, an experimental campaign was carried out in an historic reinforced concrete floor slab, where different repair mortars were used. After some on-site testing on the corrosion potential, the concrete beams of the slab were integrally cut and transported to the laboratory for a series of systematic tests, aimed at investigating the performance and compatibility of the repair materials, as well as any possible issues hindering the success of this structural intervention. The filling ability, physical compatibility, chemical compatibility and mechanical compatibility of the repair mortars and the corrosion behavior of the steel reinforcement were investigated, deriving some results of general interest, which may contribute to a better insight about the repair of heritage concrete floor slabs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A captive‐bred polar bear was presented for investigation of a non‐healing wound, suspected to be traumatic in nature. Histopathological examination of cutaneous samples, taken while the bear was under general anaesthesia, was compatible with dermatophytic furunculosis. The bear was treated with systemic itraconazole (5 mg/kg once daily) for 3 months, alongside topical 2% miconazole nitrate and 2% chlorhexidine gluconate twice weekly. Environmental decontamination of concrete flooring and metal handling facilities was performed with a detergent to remove organic matter, followed by 1:10 dilution of 5% sodium hypochlorite solution at least twice weekly and between the use of the facilities by different bears. Within 4 months, the ulceration had resolved, and the lesion had reduced to a 10 cm diameter patch of complete alopecia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces the experimental and analytical research results of two precast insulation mortar concrete sandwich panels (PIMSP) and two precast concrete composite panels as one-way slabs under bending load. Obtaining a prefabricated floor slab that can balance thermal insulation and structural performance can reduce material consumption and increase inter-story usage height. As the sandwich material for PIMSP, insulation mortar with a strength of 6 MPa was used. Truss-shaped shear connectors were used for shear force transfer. Then, finite element analysis was used to analyze and study the unidirectional flat plate model. The results showed that the tested PIMSP achieved a complete composite effect in the elastic stage and a semi-composite effect in the plastic stage. The PIMSP crack pattern resembles that of a precast concrete slab when utilized as a one-way slab. The load transfer capacity of truss-shaped shear connectors is relatively small, and it is mainly used as a connection between floors. Experiments have demonstrated that PIMSP panels can serve as a structural substitute for regular concrete floors in residential buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 9 real scale reinforced concrete shear walls were produced, 3 of them being the reference, representing the basement floor of a reinforced concrete building. These 9 shear walls produced, 3 wall are fully filled, 3 of them have window openings and 3 of them have door openings. The RC shear walls were exposed to displacement-controlled reversed cyclic lateral loading. In the experiments that damaged the experimental specimens, loads up to 0.5% story drift ratio for moderate damage and 1.0% story drift ratio for heavy damage were applied. Within the scope of the experimental study, the damage distributions of the tested nine RC shear walls were examined in detail, and the strengthening technique was developed using CFRP strip and CFRP fan-type anchors. The performance of damaged RC shear walls after using the devised repair method was analysed. The study's findings revealed that the repair method created by employing CFRP strips to restore moderately damaged RC shear walls with and without apertures was well enough successful in restoring the shear walls' performance levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) method is often challenged by the presence of reinforced concrete (RC) in urban and industrial environments, because the embedded metallic wire mesh can severely distort the distribution of subsurface currents. We investigate one typical scenario in real applications, in which an RC floor overlays the natural topsoil or rock. Our synthetic forward simulations show that the embedded wire mesh behaves like a local good conductor in data of small source‐receiver separations and acts like an equal‐potential object that keeps the potential from decaying at large source‐receiver separations. Routine ERT inversions that ignore the RC cannot work properly because the thin and highly conductive wire mesh may be manifested as large uninterpretable low‐resistivity anomalies in the imaging results. Two remedies are adopted to improve the ERT resolution in such cases. First, we find a top layer with high conductivity in our model to adequately represent the wire mesh; then, we initiate the inversion with the top‐layer model as the starting and reference model. This warm‐start approach overcomes the difficulty of recovering the large conductivity contrast between metallic objects and regular earth materials. Second, underground electrodes are added to the survey array, so more information from depth can be obtained to fight against the dominance of current channelling in the wire mesh. Finally, our strategies are used to invert a real ERT dataset from an indoor manufacturing plant, where RC covers the entire floor of the building and electrodes are in contact with the soil through open holes in the floor. Our simulation and field data inversion verify our findings and demonstrate the effectiveness of our solutions in improving the resolution of ERT when the survey is carried out over RC floor in urban and industrial environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on tall timber buildings. The major aim of this paper is to identify the most sustainable and efficient structural system to increase the height of timber buildings, also considering steel–timber hybrid structures. First of all, a brief review of tall buildings' evolution is presented to understand why tall timber buildings are considered nowadays and which are the most adopted structural solutions. Then, the case study of the tallest timber building in the world is selected and utilized as an archetype. Once the model has been validated, seven alternative structural systems are considered by varying the horizontal load resisting system and preserving the same member cross-sections as the reference building. The variants are tested and compared in terms of material consumption, vibration characteristics and lateral load response. Using the best structural system, the height of the building is increased, pushing the structures beyond the current limits and identifying the most efficient option. The idea is to preserve the column cross-sections and balance the increase in gravity loads due to the additional floors by replacing the concrete floors with timber counterparts. With the same structural system, equivalent steel–timber hybrid solutions are finally tested and compared in terms of sustainability to timber-only counterparts and to the original project. The results of analyses show that the use of steel elements combined with timber can lead to optimized and sustainable structural solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the potential use of new connections to shape precast building geometries, focusing on connection performance, robotic fabrication, and foldable structural elements. Three connection types, including coupled-bolts, hinges, and steel tubes, were initially proposed and assessed in beam and portal frame geometries. In contrast, the study introduces conceptual ideas; initial experimental and numerical studies were conducted to estimate connection capacities. Robotic fabrication for connecting elements to reused concrete and converting floor elements into beams was detailed, showcasing robotic technology's performance and potential. These connections were employed in designing new precast element geometries, ranging from simple beams to multi-story buildings. Geometric properties and volume quantities of folded and opened geometries were studied using 37 CAD models. To properly discuss the joint performance reference, monolithic elements with exact dimensions were created for comparison. Despite varied connection capacity ( 38 % to 100 % ), the steel tube exhibited the most desirable performance, resembling a monolithic element with an exact size. Some proposed foldable geometries showed a significant reduction (up to 7 % ) in element dimensions to facilitate transport and construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the engineering background of weakly cemented roadways and adjacent chambers in Western China, a numerical simulation method was used to examine the changes in stress distribution and increment in the surrounding rock of weakly cemented roadways adjacent to chambers. The results show that the surrounding rock stress of the weakly cemented roadway adjacent to the chambers increases by approximately 30%. The vertical stress of the surrounding rock mainly expands along the vertical direction, and the expansion range is 7–12 times that of the chamber height. The horizontal stress of the surrounding rock mainly expands along the horizontal direction, and the expansion range is 3–6 times that of the chamber width. Based on the support idea of "allowable deformation" + "relief pressure" + "maintaining roadway shape", the support technology of weakly cemented roadways adjacent to chambers is established with "full section U-shaped steel shed + filling flexible materials between the steel shed and surrounding rock + patching the roof bolt + laying concrete on floor". An engineering test based on the above support technology was carried out, and it was found that the deformation of the weakly cemented roadway adjacent to the chambers was 0 in 20 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the issue of reinforced concrete industrial floors being affected by subsoil swelling, which can lead to cracks and shifting. The main cause of this problem is the presence of swelling soil in the subsoil. The article provides regression relationships for predicting swelling pressure and deformation of these floors based on indirect measurements. It also offers a risk classification system for assessing the likelihood of surface damage due to subsoil swelling. The text emphasizes the importance of considering swelling during the design and construction of these floors. Additionally, the document explores methods for predicting soil swelling potential and presents prediction relationships for quantifying swelling pressures and deformations of reinforced concrete floors. Finally, it introduces a risk classification system for wire reinforced concrete surfaces based on variables influencing swelling. The text highlights the issue of industrial floors being susceptible to failure due to swelling soils and provides valuable information for predicting and assessing the risk of damage. [Extracted from the article]

The article titled "The Buford Highway Farmers Market" by Diamond Forde reflects on the author's memories of visiting the market with their family and the changes that occurred after a tragic event. The author describes the vibrant atmosphere of the market, with its diverse food offerings and friendly fishmonger. However, after a car accident, the author's grandmother's life became more isolated, with her only companionship being a television and religious programming. The author reflects on their promise to wear a leopard-print jacket that their grandmother bought but never got to see them wear. The article ends with the author finding joy and connection by wearing the jacket to a rock concert with their sister. Diamond Forde is an award-winning poet whose work has been published in various literary journals. [Extracted from the article]

Context: Tungiasis is a neglected tropical skin disease endemic in resource-poor communities. It is caused by the penetration of the female sand flea, Tunga penetrans, into the skin causing immense pain, itching, difficulty walking, sleeping and concentrating on school or work. Infection is associated with living in a house with unsealed earthen house floors. Methods: This feasibility study used a community-based co-creation approach to develop and test simple, locally appropriate, and affordable flooring solutions to create a sealed, washable floor for the prevention of tungiasis. Locally used techniques were explored and compared in small slab trials. The floor with best strength and lowest cost was pilot trialed in 12 households with tungiasis cases to assess its durability and costs, feasibility of installation in existing local houses using local masons and explore community perceptions. Disease outcomes were measured to estimate potential impact. Results: It was feasible to build the capacity of a community-based organization to conduct research, develop a low-cost floor and conduct a pilot trial. The optimal low-cost floor was stabilized local subsoil with cement at a 1:9 ratio, installed as a 5 cm depth slab. A sealed floor was associated with a lower mean infection intensity among infected children than in control households (aIRR 0.53, 95%CI 0.29–0.97) when adjusted for covariates. The cost of the new floor was US$3/m2 compared to $10 for a concrete floor. Beneficiaries reported the floor made their lives much easier, enabled them to keep clean and children to do their schoolwork and eat while sitting on the floor. Challenges encountered indicate future studies would need intensive mentoring of masons to ensure the floor is properly installed and households supervised to ensure the floor is properly cured. Conclusion: This study provided promising evidence that retrofitting simple cement-stabilised soil floors with locally available materials is a feasible option for tungiasis control and can be implemented through training of community-based organisations. Disease outcome data is promising and suggests that a definitive trial is warranted. Data generated will inform the design of a fully powered randomized trial combined with behaviour change communications. Trial registration: ISRCTN 62801024 (retrospective 07.07.2023). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moisture transport properties of concrete are rarely determined, simply because it is difficult and time‐consuming. Most studies in literature are limited to cement paste and mortar. Translation of these properties to concrete are not straight‐forward. Recently, however, a few measurements are done, also on concretes with supplementary cementitious materials. An overview is given on various ways of theoretically describing the moisture transport properties of concrete, with different "moisture transport coefficients" and their interrelations. Methods of determining those properties are shown and their advantages and drawbacks are discussed. Available data in literature are summarized and compared. A recently developed test method, the tin‐can method, is described. New results are shown for concretes with SCMs. The method's possibilities to be used for short‐term tests of aging concrete are discussed. A few important applications where the moisture transport properties are decisive are presented: applying moisture‐sensitive flooring materials on concrete floor slabs and carbonation‐initiated reinforcement corrosion under varying climatic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building new wedding halls has been flourishing as one of the catching investments in Sudan in recent years. These halls typically require large open spaces with no permeant partitions or furniture that reduces the superimposed dead load considerably. This paper presents an example of designing a reinforced concrete wedding hall floor, using two flooring systems, namely, flat slab and two way solid slab considering dancing induced dynamic load. Firstly an initial sizing based on only dead and live load was carried. The dynamic response was assessed following three methods: 1) the fundamental frequency limit; 2) equivalent static load; and 3) the acceleration limit. The results of the dynamic assessment has shown that a little to no-design alteration has to be made in the concrete flooring systems to satisfy safety. However, problems of vibration perception and comfort may require further structural adjustment to meet the acceptable level of vibration in the project specification based on the anticipating floor usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intrinsic factors as well as environmental effects influence dairy cow activity. Due to a high prevalence of indoor housing in Germany, the stable flooring may be highly influential. Therefore, an accelerometer measured the activity of 91 Holstein-Frisian cows over 169 days, to validate, if there is a difference in dairy cow activity caused by different floorings (i.e. rubber and concrete flooring). Statistical analysis with an exponential model resulted a significant difference in daily activity, caused by the compared floorings (p < 0.01). A cows level of activity was reduced by days in milk and lactation number. This negative correlation was stronger on rubber flooring than on concrete. Thus, difference in dairy cow activity diminished with days in milk and over lactations. In general decreasing activity, could be the consequence of a change in dairy cow behavior within and across lactations. That this effect was higher on rubber, can be explained through more comfort for the locomotor of the cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Roads & Bridges / Drogi i Mosty is the property of Road & Bridge Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Most of the problems associated with open cracks in reinforced concrete industrial floors do not arise from technological indiscipline in the execution or exceeding the permitted floor load, but from the geotechnical profile beneath the floor. In the presence of swelling soil in the subsoil, the floors can then be shifted upwards by centimeters and create open cracks. This article describes regression relationships for the prediction of swelling pressure and deformation of reinforced concrete industrial floors based on indirect measurements. These relationships were obtained by evaluating a large database of measurements carried out by the company GeoTec-GS and the Czech Technical University in Prague using neural networks, multiple correlation, regression analysis, and sensitivity analysis. The article also presents the actual classification of the risk of surface damage of reinforced concrete floors due to swelling of the subsoil and an example of its application is given.

Eighteen healthy Murrah buffalo calves of either sex aged 6-8 months, maintained at Buffalo Research Station (BRS), Venkataramannagudem (Andhra Pradesh, India), were randomly selected and housed in three separate pens for a period of 90 days, from August 2022 to October 2022. Calves of first, second and third group were reared on concrete flooring (T1), rubber mat flooring (T2) and soil flooring (T3), respectively. The overall mean rectal temperature (°F) differed significantly (P < 0.01) and followed a trend T3 < T1 < T2. The overall mean pulse rate and respiration rate also differed significantly (P < 0.01) and followed a trend T3 < T2 < T1. The overall mean skin health score of T1 (1.52 ± 0.04) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than T3 (1.29 ± 0.04) and T2 (1.36 ± 0.05), which were statistically similar. The overall mean heel erosions of T1 (0.64 ± 0.07) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than T3 (0.33 ± 0.07) but didn't differ from T2 (0.48 ± 0.08). In the last fortnight, the average hoof concavity score of T1 (1.00 ± 0.01) was significantly (P = 0.05) higher than T3 (0.33 ± 0.21), but didn't differ significantly from T2 (0.50 ± 0.22). The average hoof overgrowth score at the end of study was significantly (P = 0.05) higher in T3 (1.00 ± 0.01) than T1 (0.33 ± 0.21), but didn't differ significantly from T2 (0.50 ± 0.22). It was concluded that rubber mat and soil flooring is better than concrete flooring as they maintain the vitals in normal range and cause less damage to the skin and hoof health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the evolution of stress on the ring and segment interfaces during the construction process of the concrete encapsulation of the main arch ring in a rigid-frame arch bridge, alongside its impact on the ultimate load-bearing capacity of the main arch ring, a 1:10 scale model experiment was conducted by taking the 600 m Tian'e Longtan Bridge as the prototype. The key cross-section concrete strain data were collected during the entire construction process of the main arch ring via fiber-optic strain sensors, which were used to investigate the stress evolution at ring and segment interfaces. ANSYS APDL was employed to simulate the ultimate bearing capacity under various loading conditions of two different finite element models, which were, respectively, formed segmentally and by single pouring. The results revealed that (1) after the closure of the concrete encapsulation of the main arch ring, the concrete stress in the cross-section exhibits significant stress disparities. At the same cross-section, the level of the web concrete stress can reach 76% of the floor concrete stress, while the roof concrete stress level is less than 20% of the floor concrete stress. (2) At the junction of two adjacent work planes, there are considerable differences in the stress levels of the concrete on both sides. After the closure of the main arch ring, the intersegment stress ratios of the floor, web, and roof concrete are 60~70%, 40~60%, and 0~5%, respectively. (3) Loading conditions remarkably affected the ultimate bearing capacity of the main arch ring. Under mid-span loading and 1/4 span symmetrical loading conditions, compared to single-pour concrete encapsulation, the ultimate bearing capacity of the main arch ring with concrete encapsulated by segmented and ring-divided pouring decreased by 19.16% and 5.23%, respectively, compared to single-pour concrete encapsulation. This suggests that the non-uniformity of stress distribution in the concrete sheath can lead to reductions in the ultimate bearing capacity of the arch ring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main challenge in designing Light-Weight Concrete (LWC) is to adapt most of the design, production, and execution rules from normal-weight concrete. Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites provide strength and stiffness to the composite system. This study investigated the stiffness of an LWC flat slab with CFRP when subjected to human-induced vibration. This was determined by finding the natural frequency of the slab and comparing it with the acceleration limit ratio (human perception of vibration) of 0.5% g. In most cases, vibration characteristics are examined using commercial software based on Finite Element Analysis (FEA) methods that are powerful tools, but the user needs to understand the underlying assumptions and methods implemented, especially for reinforced concrete floor systems where inherent attributes, such as cracking, play an important role in the determination of vibration characteristics. This study used Abaqus CAE. The main idea of this study was that such software cannot detect the behavior of cracks in structures over the years and the effect on frequencies, as stiffness depends on the modulus of elasticity and not on the moment of inertia. Therefore, the natural frequency equation has a component that constantly accounts for the level of cracking on concrete slabs. This component was theoretically determined with detailed calculations that are not provided in the Design Guide for Vibrations of Reinforced Concrete Floor Systems. Then, the constant that accounts for the level of cracking k1 was multiplied by the modulus of elasticity E and substituted in the latter's place in Abaqus to ensure the right behavior of the slab with and without CFRP. This study also investigated the properties of CFRP and how to represent it in the Abaqus. The numerical results showed good agreement with FEA and the acceptance criteria for walking excitations increased when using CFRP on a floor system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]