17,165 results on '"CONCEPTION"'
Search Results
2. Residential Proximity to Oil and Gas Development and Mental Health in a North American Preconception Cohort Study: 2013–2023.
- Author
-
Willis, Mary D., Campbell, Erin J., Selbe, Sophie, Koenig, Martha R., Gradus, Jaimie L., Nillni, Yael I., Casey, Joan A., Deziel, Nicole C., Hatch, Elizabeth E., Wesselink, Amelia K., and Wise, Lauren A.
- Subjects
- *
CROSS-sectional method , *MENTAL health , *RESEARCH funding , *RESIDENTIAL patterns , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *DISEASE prevalence , *LONGITUDINAL method , *CONCEPTION , *PRECONCEPTION care , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *MINERAL industries , *MAPS , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors , *PSYCHIATRIC drugs , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors - Abstract
Objectives. To evaluate associations between oil and gas development (OGD) and mental health using cross-sectional data from a preconception cohort study, Pregnancy Study Online. Methods. We analyzed baseline data from a prospective cohort of US and Canadian women aged 21 to 45 years who were attempting conception without fertility treatment (2013–2023). We developed residential proximity measures for active OGD during preconception, including distance from nearest site. At baseline, participants completed validated scales for perceived stress (10-item Perceived Stress Scale, PSS) and depressive symptoms (Major Depression Inventory, MDI) and reported psychotropic medication use. We used log-binomial regression and restricted cubic splines to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results. Among 5725 participants across 37 states and provinces, residence at 2 km versus 20 to 50 km of active OGD was associated with moderate to high perceived stress (PSS ≥ 20 vs < 20: PR = 1.08; 95% CI = 0.98, 1.18), moderate to severe depressive symptoms (MDI ≥ 20 vs < 20: PR = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.11, 1.45), and psychotropic medication use (PR = 1.11; 95% CI = 0.97, 1.28). Conclusions. Among North American pregnancy planners, closer proximity to OGD was associated with adverse preconception mental health symptomatology. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(9):923–934. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307730) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Relationship between energy balance and key blood metabolites in primiparous dairy cows at different calving conception interval.
- Author
-
Stefanello, Simone, dos Santos Amaral, Carolina, Cantarelli, Camila, Vilmar Kozloski, Gilberto, Cajarville, Cecilia, Repetto Capello, Jose Luis, Mendoza, Alejandro, Marques Portela, Valério, and Quites Antoniazzi, Alfredo
- Subjects
- *
DAIRY cattle , *HOLSTEIN-Friesian cattle , *LACTATION , *CATTLE parturition , *LACTATION in cattle , *HDL cholesterol , *METABOLITES , *NUTRITIONAL status - Abstract
This study identified the relationship between energy balance and some blood metabolites in primiparous dairy cows with different calving conception interval. Twenty primiparous Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were grouped according to the interval (days) from calving to conception into early-conception (early-c; <100 days), mid-conception group (mid-c; 100 -- 150 days) or late-conception (late-c; >150 days) group; and evaluated on day -7 prior to parturition, and days 28, 56 and 90 postpartum. All groups presented positive energy balance, serum concentrations of HDL, urea-N and progesterone with no difference on days 28 and 56 of lactation. On day 90 of lactation all the cows presented negative energy balance; however, the early-c group presented a less intense (P < 0.05) net energy balance (-1.09 versus -2.15 and -1.86 Mcal/day), lower concentrations of serum urea-N (3.28 versus 4.22 and 4.88 mg/dL) and HDL cholesterol (0.84 versus 1.59 and 1.46 mmol/L) and greater serum concentration of progesterone (8.13 versus 4.54 and 1.83 ng/mL) than cows of mid-c and late-c groups, respectively. In conclusion, different from those usually observed for multiparous dairy cows, the energy balance during the first weeks of lactation was not a determining factor affecting the calving conception interval of primiparous dairy cows in the present study. Instead, the nutritional status and the serum concentration of urea-N and progesterone at a later stage, after 56 days of lactation, suggest having a role in delaying these cows' pregnant status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. 3D Modeling and the Age of the Collision Metamorphism of the Khan-Khukhei Block, Northern Mongolia.
- Author
-
Semenov, A. N., Polyansky, O. P., and Reverdatto, V. V.
- Subjects
- *
AGE , *MAGMAS , *PALEOZOIC Era , *ISOTOPES , *GRANITE , *SCHISTS , *METAMORPHISM (Geology) , *CONCEPTION - Abstract
The reconstruction of the Early Paleozoic collision metamorphism of the Khan-Khukhei Block (Northern Mongolia) based on 3D modeling of thermal state of the crust and isotope dating is presented. The age of garnet–biotite schist from a metamorphic complex of the Khan-Khukhei Block of 517.4 ± 7.4 Ma is determined for the first time. 3D modeling was conducted to compare this age of metamorphism with the available age determinations of (post-) collision granite formation in the range of 513‒505 Ma. The model considers radiogenic heating at an elevated heat production of rocks of the thickened crust of the Khan-Khukhei block as the cause of the migmatization and granitoid melts formation. 3D modeling was conducted for the first time for thermal-dome type of metamorphism. The results provide a realistic conception of magma generation in typical collision settings in the absence of mantle magmatic heat sources. The time interval between metamorphism and the stage of anatectic magma formation is 5–12 Ma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Effect of 200 μg of gonadorelin hydrochloride at the first GnRH of a CO-Synch program on ovulation rate and pregnancies per artificial insemination in Holstein heifers.
- Author
-
Melo, D.B., Coelho, W.M., Marques, T.C., Salman, S., Macedo, I.M., Castro, T., Menezes, M.C.G., Monteiro, H.F., Cotterman, R.F., Conley, A.J., and Lima, F.S.
- Subjects
- *
GONADOTROPIN releasing hormone , *ARTIFICIAL insemination , *OVULATION , *HEIFERS , *RECEIVER operating characteristic curves , *TREATMENT effectiveness - Abstract
The list of standard abbreviations for JDS is available at adsa.org/jds-abbreviations-24. Nonstandard abbreviations are available in the Notes. The initial ovulatory response during synchronization programs is often low in dairy heifers, largely due to follicular dynamics and hormonal dynamics. Specifically, the progesterone (P4) concentration at the time of the first GnRH treatment in a breeding program can influence the LH response, often resulting in a suboptimal ovulatory response. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the highest label dose 200 μg (100 μg vs. 200 μg) of GnRH (50 μg of gonadorelin hydrochloride per mL; Factrel, Zoetis Inc. Madison, NJ) at the first GnRH of a 6-d CO-Synch plus P4 device program on ovulatory response and pregnancy per AI (P/AI) in first service in Holstein heifers. A total of 1,308 Holstein heifers were randomly allocated at the beginning of a 6-d CO-Synch program at day 0 to receive either i.m. treatment of 100 μg (2CC, n = 655) or 200 μg (4CC, n = 653) of GnRH. Also, at d 0, heifers received an intravaginal insert with 1.38 g of P4 (Eazi-Breed CIDR Cattle Insert, Zoetis Inc.). On day 6, the insert was removed, and i.m. treatment of 25 mg of PGF 2α (12.5 mg of dinoprost tromethamine/mL; Lutalyse HighCon Injection, Zoetis Inc.) was administered. On d 7, a second i.m. treatment of 25 mg of PGF 2α was given, followed on d 9 by concurrent i.m. treatment of 100 μg of GnRH, and timed AI. A subset of 396 heifers had their ovaries scanned to evaluate ovulatory response, and blood samples were collected to measure the serum concentration of P4 at d 0 and d 6 of the study. The P4 concentrations at d 0 were categorized as low (≤3 ng/mL) or high (>3 ng/mL). The ovulatory response was greater for heifers receiving 4CC than 2CC at d 0 (54.7% vs. 42.8%). The ovulatory response was greater for low P4 than high P4 at d 0 (54.3% vs. 37.8%). However, we did not observe an interaction between treatment and P4 concentrations (low P4 2CC = 48.6% vs. high P4 2CC = 30.0%; low P4 4CC = 60.0% vs. high P4 4CC = 45.5%). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that P4 concentrations at d 0 treatment could predict the ovulatory response, although the area under the curve was only 0.6. As expected, heifers that ovulated had increased P/AI (no = 55.6% vs. yes = 67.7%); however, we found no effect of treatment on P/AI (2CC = 63.3% vs. 4CC = 59.6%), and no interactions between treatment and ovulation and treatment and P4 (high vs. low) for pregnancy outcomes. In summary, P4 concentration and increasing the dose of GnRH at d 0 positively affected ovulatory response in Holstein heifers. However, there was no interaction between treatment and P4 on ovulation and no subsequent impact of GnRH dose on P/AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. An examination of preservice classroom teachers' perceived importance, self-efficacy beliefs, practices, and conceptions related to new literacies: a mixed design study.
- Author
-
Kocaarslan, Mustafa and Yamaç, Ahmet
- Subjects
STUDENT teachers ,TEACHERS ,DIGITAL literacy ,SELF-efficacy ,LITERACY ,CONCEPTION - Abstract
This research explores preservice classroom teachers' perceived importance, self-efficacy beliefs, participation frequencies and conceptions related to new literacies. The research is framed using a dual-level theory of new literacies. The participants of the study consisted of 364 preservice teachers studying in the department of primary education at two state universities in Turkey. The findings revealed that (i) while preservice teachers displayed high participation in new literacies requiring the consumption of information, they displayed low participation in information production activities; (ii) the importance preservice teachers attached to online or digital literacy activities and their self-efficacy beliefs significantly predicted their participation in these activities; (iii) preservice teachers' conceptual understandings with regard to new literacies were compatible with their participation frequencies and perceived importance with regard to online or digital literacy activities. Some suggestions for preservice teachers' skills, strategies, dispositions and practices related to new literacies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. NECESSITY AND OTHER-DEFENSE.
- Author
-
EGGERT, LINDA
- Subjects
- *
DEFENSIVENESS (Psychology) , *NECESSITY (Philosophy) , *HARM (Ethics) , *CONCEPTION , *COMPARISON (Philosophy) - Abstract
The article focuses on the necessity requirement in defensive actions involving multiple agents, examining how permissions to inflict harm are determined by minimizing overall harm. Topics include the comparison between agent-centered and target-centered conceptions of necessity, the impact of multiple agents' options on permissible harm, and how uncertainty affects the application of necessity in real-world situations.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Inclusive integrated care for LGBTQ+ families: An exploratory qualitative study in the United Kingdom.
- Author
-
Brown, Claire
- Subjects
- *
ATTITUDES toward adoption , *DIVERSITY & inclusion policies , *QUALITATIVE research , *PSYCHOLOGY of LGBTQ+ people , *EMPIRICAL research , *INTERVIEWING , *STATISTICAL sampling , *FOSTER parents , *JUDGMENT sampling , *PARENTING , *CONCEPTION , *SOCIAL case work , *THEMATIC analysis , *RESEARCH , *RESEARCH methodology , *FAMILY support , *INTEGRATED health care delivery , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors - Abstract
A surge in scholarship on minoritised gender and sexual identities has supported the advancement of LGBTQ+ family rights in many developed countries internationally. However, further work is needed to ensure LGBTQ+ families are fully included within integrated care systems. This article presents a subset of empirical findings from a narrative inquiry conducted in the United Kingdom. Eight LGBTQ+ participants were interviewed about their experiences and perspectives on adoption, fostering and birth children. Findings indicate that social work has a key role in addressing the cisgenderism prevalent in services, to enhance inclusivity within integrated care systems that support LGBTQ+ family life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Plans, Open Future and the Prospects for a Good Life.
- Author
-
Steinfath, Holmer
- Subjects
- *
PHILOSOPHY of time , *SELF-perception , *CONCEPTION , *FUTURE (Logic) , *PLANNING - Abstract
How we live our lives depends on how we relate to our past, present and future. The article focusses on the relation to our future. The target of my critique is a "planning conception" that imagines the future as a realm that we can rationally plan and form in light of our ends. In the first section I present an outline of the planning conception, building on Bratman's planning theory and Rawls' idea of a life plan. The second section highlights the attractions of the planning conception. I argue that this conception offers a prima facie intriguing view of the temporality of human life. It promises a life in which we can control the passage of time. The third section reveals severe limitations of the planning conception. I question the claim that plans are central to our self-understanding and to a good life. The planning conception tends to distort the temporality of human life with respect to past, present and future. Given this diagnosis, I sketch an alternative in the last section of the paper. I explore the temporal specifics of ways of understanding oneself as a person and argue that both the formation and the very form of these 'ways of being' do not follow the logic of planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Association of Anti-Müllerian Hormone on Oocyte Maturation, Fertilization, and Pregnancy Rates in Patients under Assisted Reproductive Technology Cycles: A Cross-Sectional Study.
- Author
-
Hafezi, Somayeh Ghiasi, Ghorbanzadeh, Mohammad, Rahaghi, Bahareh Honarmand, Rezvaniyan, Faeze, Forghani, Nazanin, Shafiean, Masoumeh, Aghadavood, Farnaz, Beeson, W. Lawrence, and Ghamsary, Mark
- Subjects
- *
INFERTILITY treatment , *SEX hormones , *OVUM , *CROSS-sectional method , *RISK assessment , *ACADEMIC medical centers , *ENDOMETRIUM , *HUMAN artificial insemination , *INFERTILITY , *PREGNANCY outcomes , *GONADOTROPIN , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *POLYCYSTIC ovary syndrome , *HUMAN reproductive technology , *CONCEPTION , *ESTRADIOL , *MALE reproductive organ diseases , *ENDOMETRIOSIS , *MENSTRUAL cycle , *FERTILITY clinics , *FERTILIZATION in vitro , *SEXUAL dysfunction , *OVARIAN reserve , *DATA analysis software , *REGRESSION analysis , *OVARIAN diseases , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Background: Ovarian reserve is one of the most important factors that influences the success of assisted reproductive technology (ART). Recently, the role of anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) in ART has been investigated as a marker for the prediction of ovarian response. We aim to examine this relationship within a large Iranian population. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we obtained data from 1000 infertile couples who referred to the Research and Clinical Centre of Yazd Infertility Clinic for in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Serum AMH levels, oocyte count, numbers of fertilised oocytes, endometrial thickness, and percentage of mature oocytes were measured. The relationship between AMH serum levels and the number and quality of oocytes and embryos in ART cycles was analysed. Results: In the linear regression model, the log of the variables total dose of gonadotropin, two pronuclei (2PN), log oestradiol, total embryos, duration of stimulation, number of embryos transferred, protocol, and cause of infertility were significant predictors of log AMH. Conclusion: There appears to be a relationship between serum AMH levels in the early follicular phase and ovarian reserve. Higher serum AMH levels were also associated with shorter ART cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Preconception weight suppression predicts eating disorder symptoms in pregnancy.
- Author
-
Hormes, Julia M.
- Subjects
- *
PREVENTION of eating disorders , *WEIGHT loss , *RISK assessment , *SELF-evaluation , *BULIMIA , *CONTROL (Psychology) , *WEIGHT gain in pregnancy , *BODY mass index , *REGULATION of body weight , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *PREGNANT women , *CONCEPTION , *EATING disorders , *FOOD habits , *MEDICAL screening , *PREGNANCY - Abstract
Objective: Disordered eating is common in pregnancy and associated with adverse health outcomes. Weight suppression (WS), the discrepancy between highest lifetime and current weight, is a robust predictor of loss of control (LOC) and binge eating and weight gain trajectories in clinical populations. This study explored the role of preconception WS as a predictor of disordered eating and weight gain in pregnancy. Method: Pregnant individuals (n = 137) reported their highest, preconception, and current weights to calculate preconception WS, actual gestational weight gain (GWG), and deviations from recommended weight gain trajectories in pregnancy. Participants also completed the Prenatal Eating Behaviours Screening (PEBS) tool, a validated measure of disordered eating specifically in pregnancy. Results: Preconception WS was a significant predictor of PEBS total scores [F(5, 122) = 2.70, p = 0.02, R2 = 0.10] and significantly and positively correlated with individual item scores quantifying restrictive eating behaviours. Preconception WS was not predictive of deviations from recommended GWG trajectories or LOC or binge eating frequency and did not interact with pre‐pregnancy body mass index or GWG to predict eating disorder symptom severity. Conclusions: Preconception WS was predictive of disordered eating, and specifically restrictive eating behaviours in pregnancy, and should be assessed as part of screening for eating disorder risk in pregnant individuals. Highlights: Disordered eating is common in pregnancy and associated with adverse health outcomes.Weight suppression (WS) is predictive of loss of control and binge eating in clinical populations.Preconception WS was found to be predictive of restrictive eating behaviours in pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Understanding pre-service geography teachers' conceptions of nature using photovoice.
- Author
-
Chul-Ki Cho and Wonseob Song
- Subjects
STUDENT teachers ,GEOGRAPHY teachers ,PHOTOVOICE (Social action programs) ,GEOGRAPHY education ,ENVIRONMENTAL psychology - Abstract
This study explored how pre-service geography teachers conceptualize "nature" using photovoice. The researcher analyzed the participants' data to extract six themes: primary nature, secondary nature, nature as the law of things, nature as a relational geography, nature as a threatened place, and nature as a necessity for human well-being. The participants said that their conceptualizations of nature helped confirm their experiences and the level of their conceptualization of nature acquired through school education. This study has also helped the instructor understand students' levels of conceptualization of nature and is significant as a guide to planning and practicing follow-up classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Solar Photovoltaic Thermal Collector as a Cogeneration Energy System: Conception and Recent Development in the Mediterranean Region
- Author
-
Hmida, A., Slimani, M. E. A., El Haj Assad, M., Ben Ali, O., de Boer, Jacob, Editorial Board Member, Barceló, Damià, Series Editor, Kostianoy, Andrey G., Series Editor, Garrigues, Philippe, Editorial Board Member, Gu, Ji-Dong, Editorial Board Member, Hutzinger, Otto, Founding Editor, Jones, Kevin C., Editorial Board Member, Negm, Abdelazim, Editorial Board Member, Newton, Alice, Editorial Board Member, Nghiem, Duc Long, Editorial Board Member, Garcia-Segura, Sergi, Editorial Board Member, Verlicchi, Paola, Editorial Board Member, Wagner, Stephan, Editorial Board Member, Rocha-Santos, Teresa, Editorial Board Member, Picó, Yolanda, Editorial Board Member, Henni, Abdellah, editor, and Zerrouki, Djamal, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Conceptions of Criticality
- Author
-
Deegan, Marc James, Koerrenz, Ralf, Series Editor, Diergarten, Pia, Series Editor, Schröder, Christoph, Series Editor, and Deegan, Marc James
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Evaluating Pregnancy Rates in Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Family Planning: Simulated Comparison of Correct Use to Avoid, Method-Related, and Total Pregnancy Rates.
- Author
-
Stanford, Joseph B., Duane, Marguerite, and Simmons, Rebecca
- Subjects
SPOUSES ,QUANTITATIVE research ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,NATURAL family planning ,SIMULATION methods in education ,CONCEPTION ,UNPLANNED pregnancy ,MENSTRUAL cycle ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
Fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs), also known as natural family planning (NFP), enable couples to identify the days of the menstrual cycle when intercourse may result in pregnancy ("fertile days"), and to avoid intercourse on fertile days if they wish to avoid pregnancy. Thus, these methods are fully dependent on user behavior for effectiveness to avoid pregnancy. For couples and clinicians considering the use of an FABM, one important metric to consider is the highest expected effectiveness (lowest possible pregnancy rate) during the correct use of the method to avoid pregnancy. To assess this, most studies of FABMs have reported a method-related pregnancy rate (a cumulative proportion), which is calculated based on all cycles (or months) in the study. In contrast, the correct use to avoid pregnancy rate (also a cumulative proportion) has the denominator of cycles with the correct use of the FABM to avoid pregnancy. The relationship between these measures has not been evaluated quantitatively. We conducted a series of simulations demonstrating that the method-related pregnancy rate is artificially decreased in direct proportion to the proportion of cycles with intermediate use (any use other than correct use to avoid or targeted use to conceive), which also increases the total pregnancy rate. Thus, as the total pregnancy rate rises (related to intermediate use), the method-related pregnancy rate falls artificially while the correct use pregnancy rate remains constant. For practical application, we propose the core elements needed to assess correct use cycles in FABM studies. Summary: Fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) can be used by couples to avoid pregnancy, by avoiding intercourse on fertile days. Users want to know what the highest effectiveness (lowest pregnancy rate) would be if they use an FABM correctly and consistently to avoid pregnancy. In this simulation study, we compare two different measures: (1) the method-related pregnancy rate; and (2) the correct use pregnancy rate. We show that the method-related pregnancy rate is biased too low if some users in the study are not using the method consistently to avoid pregnancy, while the correct use pregnancy rate obtains an accurate estimate. Short Summary: In FABM studies, the method-related pregnancy rate is biased too low, but the correct use pregnancy rate is unbiased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. The Devil’s Offspring.
- Author
-
Fikry, Mahmoud
- Subjects
- *
CONCEPTION - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Safer Conception for Women - Understanding Use of Periconception PrEP
- Author
-
National Institutes of Health (NIH), University of Witwatersrand, South Africa, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and Lynn T Matthews, Assistant Professor
- Published
- 2023
18. Time to pregnancy recognition among users of an FDA-cleared fertility application.
- Author
-
van Lamsweerde, Agathe, Pearson, Jack T., Urrutia, Rachel, Gemzell-Danielsson, Kristina, Kallner, Helena Kopp, Nelson, Anita, Benhar, Eleonora, Favaro, Carlotta, Scherwitzl, Elina Berglund, and Scherwitzl, Raoul
- Subjects
- *
FERTILITY , *PREGNANCY , *CONTRACEPTION , *ACADEMIC degrees , *MOBILE apps - Abstract
Background: Previous investigations of time-to-pregnancy recognition have analysed data from national surveys and clinics, but this has not been investigated in the context of digital fertility applications. Timely pregnancy recognition can help individuals in health and pregnancy management, reducing maternal and foetal risk and costs, whilst increasing treatment options, availability, and cost. Methods: This dataset contained 23,728 pregnancies (conceived between June 2018 and December 2022) from 20,429 participants using a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) cleared fertility app in the United States. Most participants (with non-missing information) identified as Non-Hispanic White, and one-third reported obtaining a university degree. We used two-tailed Welch's t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and two-tailed Z-tests to compare time to pregnancy recognition between those using the app to conceive or contracept. Results: Participants using an app to conceive recognised pregnancy on average at 31.3 days from last menstrual period (LMP) compared to 35.9 days among those using the app to prevent pregnancy. Conclusion: Generalisability is limited, as all participants were using a fertility app and had relatively homogenous sociodemographic characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Ambient temperature-related sex ratio at birth in historical urban populations: the example of the city of Poznań, 1848–1900
- Author
-
Grażyna Liczbińska, Szymon Antosik, Marek Brabec, and Arkadiusz M. Tomczyk
- Subjects
Secondary sex ratio ,Conception ,Pregnancy ,Temperature stress ,Climate ,Nineteenth century ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract This study examines whether exposure to ambient temperature in nineteenth-century urban space affected the ratio of boys to girls at birth. Furthermore, we investigate the details of temperature effects timing upon sex ratio at birth. The research included 66,009 individual births, aggregated in subsequent months of births for the years 1847–1900, i.e. 33,922 boys and 32,087 girls. The statistical modelling of the probability of a girl being born is based on logistic GAM with penalized splines and automatically selected complexity. Our research emphasizes the significant effect of temperature in the year of conception: the higher the temperature was, the smaller probability of a girl being born was observed. There were also several significant temperature lags before conception and during pregnancy. Our findings indicate that in the past, ambient temperature, similar to psychological stress, hunger, malnutrition, and social and economic factors, influenced the viability of a foetus. Research on the effects of climate on the sex ratio in historical populations may allow for a better understanding of the relationship between environmental factors and reproduction, especially concerning historical populations since due to some cultural limitations, they were more prone to stronger environmental stressors than currently.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Changes in interleukin-2, -4, -6 and -8 expression in the postovulatory sow endometrium after artificial insemination based on conceived or failed to conceive
- Author
-
Minami W. OKUYAMA, Masaharu MORIYOSHI, and Seiji KATAGIRI
- Subjects
conception ,interleukin ,ovulation ,sow ,uterine endometrial tissue ,Reproduction ,QH471-489 ,Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 - Abstract
The establishment and maintenance of a pregnancy requires proper interaction between the endocrine and immune systems in the uterus. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how changes in endometrial cytokine levels facilitate reproduction. This study aimed to investigate how representative cytokines sequentially changed in the endometrium and whether conception could be attributed to these changes. In this study, artificial insemination was performed twice in 160 sows and ovulation was examined every 3 h using transrectal ultrasonography. Uterine endometrial tissues were obtained via repeated biopsies at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, and 20 h after ovulation and interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-8 expression was examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The conception rate was 91.9%. The IL-2 levels showed no differences in conception or time. The expression peaks of IL-4 and IL-6 were delayed in sows that failed to conceive within 4–6 h and 2 h, respectively, compared to those that did conceive. In sows that conceived, IL-8 was highest after 2 h, and no difference was observed at other time point, regardless of conception. In sows that failed to conceive, the increase in IL-8 levels might have been cancelled or terminated before the first sampling time. These results highlight the importance of timely increases and subsequent declines in the levels of some cytokines for the establishment of pregnancy. Differences in uterine capacity start just after ovulation; detection and correction of these deviations can improve the reproductive efficiency of sows.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Effect of prostaglandin treatment on the estrus behaviour, follicular and luteal morphometry and serum hormone profile in sub‐estrus buffaloes during non‐breeding season.
- Author
-
Raza, Md Rehan Ahmed, Rajput, Atul Singh, Sasidharan, Jisna Kuttiyeri, Tomar, Atul Kumar Singh, Pandey, Hari Om, Singh, Mukesh, and Patra, Manas Kumar
- Subjects
- *
ESTRUS , *MORPHOMETRICS , *ANIMAL welfare , *URINATION , *PROGESTERONE , *PROSTAGLANDINS - Abstract
Sub‐estrus buffaloes do not exhibit estrus signs despite being cyclic contributing to extended service periods and inter‐calving intervals causing significant economic loss. The present study described the effect of synthetic prostaglandin (PGF2α) on estrus behaviour, follicular and luteal morphometry, and serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) profile in sub‐estrus buffaloes during the non‐breeding season. The incidence of sub‐estrus was 38.4% during the non‐breeding season. The sub‐estrus buffaloes (n = 33) were divided into two groups, viz., Control (n = 16) and PGF2α treatment (Inj. Cloprostenol 500 μg, i.m., n = 17). Estrus induction response was significantly greater in the treatment (100 vs. 18.75%, p <.001), and a relatively greater proportion of animals conceived in the treatment group (29.41 vs. 6.25%, p =.08). The time elapsed to induction of estrus and insemination following treatment was significantly lower in the treatment group than control. A significant increment in the follicle diameter (9.72 ± 0.45 vs. 13.00 ± 0.45 mm, P <.0001) and serum estradiol (E2) concentration (66.01 ± 11.92 vs. 104.9 ± 13.21 pg/mL, p =.003) observed at the post‐treatment period in the PGF2α treatment group. At the same time, CL diameter was reduced significantly at a higher regression rate in the PGF2α treated buffaloes than those of control. Of the responded buffaloes, only 30% showed high‐intensity estrus attributed to the expulsion of cervico‐vaginal mucus (CVM), uterine tonicity, micturition, and mounting response by a teaser bull. From this study, it can be concluded that the administration of PGF2α could induce estrus in the sub‐estrus buffaloes during the non‐breeding season. Behavioural changes, along with sonographic observation of POF, regressing CL, and serum E2 and P4 concentration would be useful to determine the right time of insemination in sub‐estrus buffaloes during non‐breeding season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Biogenetic Kinship in Families Formed via Reciprocal IVF: 'It Was [My Partner]'s Egg... But My Blood Flowed through Her'.
- Author
-
Bower-Brown, Susie, Shaw, Kate, McConnachie, Anja, Jadva, Vasanti, Ahuja, Kamal, and Golombok, Susan
- Subjects
- *
FERTILIZATION in vitro , *MOTHERHOOD , *CONCEPTION , *GESTATIONAL age , *MULTIPLE birth - Abstract
Reciprocal IVF is a route to parenthood that, for the first time, allows cis two-mother families (and other couples in which both partners have a uterus and egg stores) to 'share' biological parenthood. This family form offers a valuable opportunity for researchers to examine experiences of gestational and genetic motherhood within the same family, and this article is the first to take a sociological approach to exploring kinship within this emerging family form. Drawing upon interview data with 14 two-mother families (28 mothers) who have conceived via reciprocal IVF, we show that mothers hold complex, creative and sometimes contradictory understandings of the 'multiple motherhoods' within their family (i.e. genetic, epigenetic and gestational motherhood). Overall, mothers took an active and strategic approach to constructing kinship within their family, and these findings have theoretical, empirical and clinical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Parthenogenesis, identity, and value.
- Author
-
Simkulet, William
- Subjects
- *
FETAL physiology , *OVUM physiology , *EMBRYONIC physiology , *LIFE expectancy , *CONCEPTION , *HUMAN reproduction , *VALUE (Economics) , *ABORTION , *MEDICAL ethics - Abstract
Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction in which a gamete (ovum or sperm) develops without being fertilized. Tomer Jordi Chaffer uses parthenogenesis to challenge Don Marquis' future‐like‐ours (FLO) argument against abortion. According to Marquis, (1) what makes it morally wrong to kill us is that it would deprive us of a possible future that we might come to value—a future "like ours" (FLO) and (2) human fetuses are numerically identical to any adult human organism they may develop into, and thus have a FLO. Chaffer contends that if human ova are capable of parthenogenesis, then they would have a FLO, which contraception may deprive them of, but contends this is absurd. Bruce P. Blackshaw challenges Chaffer, contending sexually fertilized embryos are not identical to unfertilized ovum, but this would yield a more absurd implication, that fertilization deprives an ovum of a FLO! Here I show Marquis' account of identity rules out both Chaffer's and Blackshaw's accounts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Investigation of the Relationship Between Spiritual Well-Being, Prenatal Stress and Attachment Level of Turkish Women Conceiving Spontaneously or with Assisted Reproductive Techniques.
- Author
-
Cap, Busra, Bilgic, Dilek, and Pala, Halil Gursoy
- Subjects
- *
SEXUAL partners , *DATA analysis , *STATISTICAL significance , *PSYCHOLOGICAL distress , *KRUSKAL-Wallis Test , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *PREGNANT women , *CHI-squared test , *MANN Whitney U Test , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *PRENATAL care , *CONCEPTION , *HUMAN reproductive technology , *SPIRITUALITY , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *PRENATAL bonding , *RESEARCH methodology , *STATISTICS , *PSYCHOANALYTIC theory , *COMPARATIVE studies , *DATA analysis software , *WELL-being , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors - Abstract
The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between spiritual well-being, prenatal stress and attachment level of Turkish women conceiving spontaneously or with assisted reproductive techniques (ART). The comparative descriptive study type was conducted between November 2021 and June 2022 with 202 pregnant women, including 87 women conceiving with ART and 115 women conceiving spontaneously, who applied for routine prenatal care checkup in a state hospital in the west of Turkey. Both groups have a high level of spiritual well-being. Pregnant women in the ART group experience higher prenatal distress (9.6% for spontaneous, 12.6% for ART, p = 0.487) and low level of attachment (69.72 ± 7.98 for spontaneous, 66.24 ± 8.88 for ART, p = 0.006) compared to the other group. Additionally, as insufficient partner involvement in the prenatal process increases in pregnant women in both groups, prenatal attachment decreases. It is extremely important that midwives and nurses evaluate the spiritual well-being of pregnant women and provide holistic care in line with their spiritual needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Gendering the beginning of life: Taiwanese gay fathers' navigation of preimplantation genetic diagnosis‐assisted sex selection in transnational third‐party reproduction.
- Author
-
Chen, Jung
- Subjects
- *
HUMAN reproductive technology laws , *SEX preselection , *TAIWANESE people , *LIFESTYLES , *PSYCHOLOGY of fathers , *GENDER identity , *GAY men , *CULTURE , *INTERVIEWING , *LEGAL status of LGBTQ+ people , *EMPIRICAL research , *SEX distribution , *PREIMPLANTATION genetic diagnosis , *SOCIAL norms , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CONCEPTION , *INTERNATIONAL relations , *GENETIC disorders , *RESEARCH methodology , *GENETICS - Abstract
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) has been used not only to avoid genetic diseases and increase conception success rates but also to perform non‐medical sex selection, particularly in the surging cross‐border reproductive care (CBRC). In the context of commercialised biomedicine, assisted reproductive technologies, such as lifestyle sex selection, have been tailored to meet intended parents' preferences. However, there is a lack of analysis on how individuals' reproductive decisions on PGD‐assisted sex selection were shaped within the sociocultural norms and CBRC. This article explores Taiwanese gay fathers' navigations on sex selection while seeking third‐party reproduction overseas because of local legal constraints. Drawing on in‐depth interviews with 53 gay fathers (to‐be), I analysed how 'individual preferences' were dynamically shaped by local sociocultural norms and embedded within transnational settings of routinising PGD in chosen repro‐destinations. The findings showed that gay fathers mobilised strategic discourses on non‐medical sex selection from both the local and the global to negotiate their decisions in coherence with their LGBTQ+ identity and their role as sons carrying familial responsibility to procreate male heirs. This article proposed a nuanced understanding of gay fathers' reproductive practices of 'gendering the beginning of life' through PGD‐assisted sex selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Determinants of Conception and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Endometriosis: A Longitudinal Study.
- Author
-
Munshi, Hrishikesh, Khan, Tabassum, Khan, Shagufta, DasMahapatra, Pramathes, Balakrishnan, Sheila, Nirmala, Chelana, Das, Vinita, Kulkarni, Ketki, John, Bimal M, Majumdar, Amiya, Sowmini, CV, Srivastava, Aarti, Khade, Komal, and Gajbhiye, Rahul K
- Abstract
Endometriosis, affecting approximately 10% of reproductive-aged women globally, poses significant challenges, including chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and infertility. In low- and middle-income countries like India, accessibility to affordable infertility care remains a concern. This multicenter prospective cohort study, conducted across six tertiary care hospitals in India from 2017 to 2022, aims to explore the natural progression of conception and pregnancy outcomes in women with endometriosis. Of the 257 participants, 19.1% conceived during the study, revealing significant geographic and income-based variations (p < 0.001, p = 0.01). Dysmenorrhea (p < 0.001) and dyspareunia (p=0.027) were correlated with conception, while no such associations were found with chronic pelvic pain or menstrual factors. Lesion type, number, and severity showed no conclusive link with conception. Natural conception occurred in 70% of cases, with an average post-surgery conception time of 282.1 days. Live birth rate was 85.7%, while complications included placenta previa (16.4%), preeclampsia (4.1%), and preterm births (4.1%). This study, one of the first in India on endometriosis-related fertility progression, emphasizes the need for comprehensive understanding and management of conception and pregnancy outcomes. Considering India's substantial endometriosis burden, the study recommends prioritizing larger multicenter investigations for a better understanding and effective strategies for infertility management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. The association between neonatal birthweight discordance and preeclampsia in twin pregnancy.
- Author
-
Chen, Wei, Li, Zhuyu, Wang, Dongyu, and Wang, Zilian
- Subjects
- *
RISK factors of preeclampsia , *RISK assessment , *MATERNAL age , *BODY mass index , *RESEARCH funding , *MULTIPLE pregnancy , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *GESTATIONAL diabetes , *BODY weight , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *ULTRASONIC imaging , *LONGITUDINAL method , *CONCEPTION , *MEDICAL records , *ACQUISITION of data , *BIRTH weight , *FETAL development - Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the association between neonatal birthweight (NBW) discordance and preeclampsia (PE) in twin pregnancy. Methods: This was a single‐center retrospective cohort study. Women with two live births in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University from January 2011 to June 2020 were eligible. They were classified into four groups based on the quartiles of NBW discordance in monochorionic (MC) and dichorionic (DC) twin pregnancy. The relationship between NBW discordance and the risk of PE was assessed by logistic regression, subgroup analyses was further analyzed. Results: A total of 1566 women were eligible for the final analysis, there were 445 MC cases and 1121 DC cases. No matter in monochorionic or dichorionic pregnancy, higher NBW discordance quartiles were associated with increased risks of PE. Compared with women in the lowest NBW discordance quartile, women in the highest NBW discordance quartile had approximately 3.6 and 6.0 times risk of PE in monochorionic and dichorionic pregnancy respectively. The association between quartiles of NBW discordance and the risk of PE were higher in dichorionic pregnancy than in monochorionic pregnancy. No matter in MC or DC pregnancy, no significant interaction effects were identified for maternal age, pregnancy body mass index, mode of conception and whether complicated with gestational diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: The increased NBW discordance quartile was related to an increased risk of PE. Assessing estimated fetal weight discordance by using ultrasound in clinical practice to predict PE remained to be further researched. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. On Leszek Nowak's Conception of the Unity of Science.
- Author
-
Wajzer, Mateusz
- Subjects
- *
CONCORD , *SOCIAL scientists , *SCIENTIFIC method , *RESEARCH personnel , *CONCEPTION - Abstract
The purpose of this essay is to present and analyse the basic assumptions of Leszek Nowak's conception of the unity of science. According to Nowak, the unity of science is manifested in the common application of the method of idealisation in scientific research. In accordance with his conception, regardless of the discipline they represent, researchers go through the same stages in building a theory. Two key ones among them are: introducing idealising assumptions into the representation and then their concretisation. In this view, idealisation is the basis of the scientific method, while other cognitive procedures complement it. Nowak's conception has particular relevance in the context of the dispute between naturalism and anti-naturalism and in the context of the continuing rift between social scientists and natural scientists. It calls into question the anti-naturalist thesis of the ontological uniqueness of social sciences and the resulting methodological consequences. I argue that Nowak's conception is a cognitively valuable contribution to the contemporary epistemology of science, but it also has weaknesses, mainly due to the limitations of applying the idealisation-concretisation scheme in research practice. For it turns out, as I point out in this essay, that many idealising assumptions are not subject to concretisation and that concretisations do not always condition an increase in the explanatory and/or predictive power of the representations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Batı Düşüncesinde Klasik ve Çağdaş Tanrı Tasavvurları.
- Author
-
Koçğlu, Binali and Boz, İkram
- Abstract
Copyright of Social Sciences Studies is the property of Social Sciences Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. O CORPO EM TRANSFORMAÇÃO: EVOLUÇÃO CULTURAL E ENVELHECIMENTO.
- Author
-
Baccin Bonatti, Sônia Terezinha, Barbosa Osório, Neila, Eduardo Bonatti, Daniel, Coelho Lange, Herika Marques, da Silva Gomes, Glauce Gonçalves, Souza Ribeiro, Jucimar, Ribeiro Gonçalves, Eduardo, and Silva Neto, Luiz Sinésio
- Subjects
HUMAN body ,LITERATURE reviews ,CLASSICAL antiquities ,BODY image ,SOCIAL influence ,ACTIVE aging - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Do Popular Diets Impact Fertility?
- Author
-
Salvaleda-Mateu, Maria, Rodríguez-Varela, Cristina, and Labarta, Elena
- Abstract
Infertility affects 15% of the population in developed countries, and its prevalence is increasing. Fertility can be influenced by different factors. Although key factors like maternal age cannot be changed, there is growing evidence that other modifiable factors, such as diet, can have an impact on fertility. Diet has become increasingly important in recent years for a number of reasons: the new trend toward a healthy lifestyle, the higher prevalence of certain digestive disorders, a lack of time that leads people to consume more prepared and processed food, and personal choice to not eat meat, among others. To meet these needs, several diets have recently become popular, such as the Mediterranean diet, known as the gold standard of health; the DASH diet, known for preventing hypertension; the Western diet, characterized by processed food; the ketogenic diet, characterized by low carbohydrate intake; and the vegetarian diet, which is the choice for people who do not eat meat or animal by-products. Diets present a unique composition characterized by the presence or absence of specific nutrients, which have also been associated with male and female fertility individually. This review assesses the impact of these diets and of macro- and micronutrients on both female and male fertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. A prospective teacher's conceptions about the nature of mathematical tasks and professional knowledge within task unfolding.
- Author
-
Aytekin-Kazanç, Emine and Işıksal-Bostan, Mine
- Subjects
TASK analysis ,TEACHER role ,TEACHERS ,PROFESSIONAL employees ,FOCUS groups ,CONCEPTION - Abstract
This qualitative study aimed to identify the changes in a prospective' conceptions about the nature of mathematical tasks and pedagogy in video cases and to investigate the characteristics of the prospective' professional knowledge and views during task design/modification. The study used the mathematical task demand engagement process, which includes task-sorting activity, selecting tasks, reflecting on illustrative cases, and teaching and reflecting on tasks as enacted. The findings regarding one prospective, Kar, were reported. Focus group interviews, individual interviews, and two recorded lessons were used as data sources. The content analysis method was employed for the in-depth analysis of the data. The findings suggested a change in Kar's ideas about the nature of mathematical tasks, particularly about what characteristics low and high-level tasks possess and the efficiency of the Task Analysis Guide. Kar also generated detailed ideas on the pedagogy of high and low tasks and realized the role of teachers as facilitators while enacting high-level tasks. Another finding is that Kar's decisions regarding task adaptation and her reasons catalyze both situated and global knowledge and views. Our findings suggest that providing an opportunity for prospective to reflect on and discuss the nature of mathematical tasks as planned, implemented, and revisited in a professional context is beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. A provider survey assessing fetal impact of CFTR modulator use in males with CF during assisted and unassisted reproduction and partner pregnancy.
- Author
-
Taylor-Cousar, Jennifer L., Janney, Rachel, Middleton, Peter G., Jain, Raksha, Nightingale, Julia, West, Natalie E., Shteinberg, Michal, Velez, Danielle, and Kazmerski, Traci M.
- Subjects
- *
REPRODUCTIVE technology , *CYSTIC fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator , *PREGNANCY , *CLINICAL deterioration , *CYSTIC fibrosis , *SURROGATE mothers , *SPERM banks - Abstract
• The number of males with CF (mwCF) who are becoming fathers is increasing. • Safety of modulator use by mwCF during conception and partner pregnancy is unknown. • For exposed fetuses, miscarriage rates were consistent with US population rates. • No congenital anomalies were reported for exposed infants. • A prospective study is needed to study modulator use by mwCF during reproduction. Most males with cystic fibrosis (mwCF) are infertile but with CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator-conferred benefits, more are utilizing assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Administration of normal human doses of modulators in animal reproductive models caused no genotoxicity; no human data exists. Potential health decline following modulator discontinuation makes the decision to withhold therapy during reproduction challenging. From August-October 2021, international CF clinicians completed an anonymous questionnaire regarding mwCF who used modulators during reproduction. We received 42 surveys for mwCF with partner pregnancies. Forty of 42 mwCF utilized ART; 35 continued modulators during sperm retrieval and 40/42 during partner pregnancy. One of four males who discontinued modulators experienced clinical deterioration. First trimester miscarriages occurred in 11.9 % of partner pregnancies. No congenital anomalies were reported. Use of CFTR modulators during reproduction and partner pregnancy in mwCF did not result in a higher-than-expected miscarriage rate nor congenital anomalies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Effect of prostaglandin alone and in combination with trace minerals on the follicular and luteal dynamics, estrus response and pregnancy in sub‐estrus buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis).
- Author
-
Rajput, A. S., Sasidharan, J. K., Pandiyan, N., Rafiq, M. M., Pandey, A. K., Tomar, A. K. S., Singh, M., Das, G. K., and Patra, M. K.
- Subjects
- *
ESTRUS , *WATER buffalo , *TRACE elements , *CORPUS luteum , *PREGNANCY outcomes , *PROSTAGLANDINS - Abstract
Sub‐estrus is a condition when buffaloes do not display behavioural estrus signs, despite being in estrus and causes a delay in conception and increases the service period. The present study describes the effect of synthetic prostaglandin (PGF2α) alone and in combination with trace minerals on the follicular and corpus luteum (CL) dynamics, serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentration correlating estrus response and pregnancy outcome in sub‐estrus buffaloes during the breeding season. A total of 50 sub‐estrus buffaloes, identified through ultrasonography (USG) examination, were randomly allocated into three groups, viz. T1 (Synthetic PGF2α, Inj. Cloprostenol 500 μg, i.m, n = 17), T2 (Synthetic PGF2α + Trace mineral supplementation, Inj. Stimvet 1 mL/100 kg body weight, i.m., n = 17) and control (untreated; n = 16). Following treatment, 100% of sub‐estrus buffaloes were induced estrus in the T1 and T2 groups, while only 18.75% were induced in the control. The CL diameter and serum P4 concentration were significantly lower at post‐treatment, whereas the pre‐ovulatory follicle (POF) size and serum E2 concentration were significantly higher in the T1 and T2 groups as compared to the control (p <.05). The buffaloes of the T2 group had a greater proportion of moderate intensities estrus than those of T1. Moreover, the proportion of buffaloes conceived in the T1 and T2 were 41.2% and 52.95%, respectively. The larger POF diameter and higher serum E2 concentration were associated with intense intensity estrus and higher conception rate (66.7%) in sub‐estrus buffaloes. Similarly, CL regression rate, POF size and serum E2 concentration were relatively higher in the buffaloes conceived as compared to those not conceived. It is concluded that synthetic PGF2α in combination with trace minerals induces moderate to intense intensities estrus in a greater proportion of sub‐estrus buffaloes and increases the conception rate during the breeding season. Moreover, behavioural estrus attributes correlating follicle and luteal morphometry, serum E2 and P4 concentration could be used to optimise the breeding time for augmenting the conception rate in sub‐estrus buffaloes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Zur Relevanz der Domäne für die Professionalität von Lehrpersonen: Ein Beitrag zu Kohärenz, Professionstheorie und Allgemeiner Fachdidaktik.
- Author
-
Cramer, Colin, Brahm, Taiga, Führer, Carolin, Hapke, Julia, and Schweitzer, Friedrich
- Subjects
EDUCATION theory ,RELIGIOUS education ,PHILOSOPHY of education ,PROFESSIONALISM ,TEACHER education ,CONCEPTION - Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Pädagogik is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Entre o pensar e o fazer: compreensões epistemológicas de professores sobre a prática pedagógica.
- Author
-
Lunardi, Larissa and Cegelka da Silva, Jonas
- Subjects
TEACHING methods ,PRIMARY audience ,SEMI-structured interviews ,NATURE reserves ,PUBLIC education ,CONCEPTION - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Enseñanza de las Ciencias is the property of Revista Electronica de Ensenanza de las Ciencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
37. Changes in interleukin-2, -4, -6 and -8 expression in the postovulatory sow endometrium after artificial insemination based on conceived or failed to conceive.
- Author
-
OKUYAMA, Minami W., MORIYOSHI, Masaharu, and KATAGIRI, Seiji
- Subjects
INTERLEUKIN-2 ,ENDOMETRIUM ,ARTIFICIAL insemination ,IMMUNE system ,POLYMERASE chain reaction - Abstract
The establishment and maintenance of a pregnancy requires proper interaction between the endocrine and immune systems in the uterus. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how changes in endometrial cytokine levels facilitate reproduction. This study aimed to investigate how representative cytokines sequentially changed in the endometrium and whether conception could be attributed to these changes. In this study, artificial insemination was performed twice in 160 sows and ovulation was examined every 3 h using transrectal ultrasonography. Uterine endometrial tissues were obtained via repeated biopsies at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, and 20 h after ovulation and interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-8 expression was examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The conception rate was 91.9%. The IL-2 levels showed no differences in conception or time. The expression peaks of IL-4 and IL-6 were delayed in sows that failed to conceive within 4-6 h and 2 h, respectively, compared to those that did conceive. In sows that conceived, IL-8 was highest after 2 h, and no difference was observed at other time point, regardless of conception. In sows that failed to conceive, the increase in IL-8 levels might have been cancelled or terminated before the first sampling time. These results highlight the importance of timely increases and subsequent declines in the levels of some cytokines for the establishment of pregnancy. Differences in uterine capacity start just after ovulation; detection and correction of these deviations can improve the reproductive efficiency of sows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Мікронутрієнтний статус: вплив на репродуктивне здоров’я жінки та вагітність (Огляд літератури).
- Author
-
Прокопчу, Ю. С. and Пирогова, В. І.
- Subjects
MALNUTRITION treatment ,MALNUTRITION diagnosis ,PREVENTION of malnutrition ,FERTILITY ,MEDICAL protocols ,REPRODUCTIVE health ,MALNUTRITION ,HEALTH status indicators ,HUMAN services programs ,MICRONUTRIENTS ,CONCEPTION ,NUTRITIONAL status ,WOMEN'S health ,VITAMIN deficiency ,DISEASE complications - Abstract
The article is a review of scientific publications that consider the impact of micronutrients on a woman’s reproductive health, fertility, pregnancy, and modern principles of vitamin and nutrient deficiency prevention. In the modern world, and especially in countries with a developing economy, the problem of the deficiency of certain micronutrients is particularly acute. According to the WHO, the number of people in the world who have encountered it in one form or another reaches 2 billion. Chronic deficiency of certain micronutrients has a significant negative impact on health, at the same time has no specific clinical manifestations, diagnosis is expensive for mass implementation, and treatment of pathological conditions resulting from micronutrient deficiency requires a significant amount of resources. That is why the development of optimal programs and recommendations for the prevention or correction of micronutrient deficiencies is the focus of attention of WHO and leading scientists [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. La vida después de los pabellones culturales en Colombia: Estrategias con enfoque circular para extender su ciclo de vida y el potencial social de su reutilización.
- Author
-
Yemail Cortés, Antonio
- Subjects
LIFE cycles (Biology) ,PAVILIONS ,CONCEPTION - Abstract
Copyright of Dearq is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Validation and measurement properties of the Male and Female Fertility Knowledge Inventories (MFKI and FFKI) in Iranian couples.
- Author
-
Mashayekh-Amiri, Sepideh, Asghari Jafarabadi, Mohammad, Molaie, Behnam, Rashidi, Fatemeh, Hemati, Elnaz, Aliasghari, Fatemeh, and Mirghafourvand, Mojgan
- Subjects
- *
FERTILITY , *HEALTH literacy , *CROSS-sectional method , *MULTITRAIT multimethod techniques , *ENVIRONMENTAL health , *LIFESTYLES , *REPRODUCTIVE health , *RESEARCH funding , *RESEARCH methodology evaluation , *FAMILIES , *PSYCHOLOGY of men , *PSYCHOLOGY of women , *CONCEPTION , *PSYCHOMETRICS , *RESEARCH methodology , *TEST validity , *FACTOR analysis , *OVARIAN reserve ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Background: One of the most important population challenges during the last three decades has been the significant decrease in the fertility rate worldwide. Since the validity and reliability of the Male and Female Fertility Knowledge Inventories (MFKI and FFKI) have not been determined in Iran, we conducted this study to assess psychometric characteristics of the MFKI and FFKI in couples in Tabriz and Urmia, Iran. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, as the first part (quantitative phase) of a sequential explanatory mixed-method study. The current study was done on 1200 participants (600 women with their husbands) living in the northwestern region of Iran, between January 2023 and September 2023. The psychometric properties of the Persian version of the tool (MFKI and FFKI) were performed in 5 stages, including translation process, content validity, face validity, construct validity and reliability assesment. Results: In this study, the CVI, CVR, and impact scores of the MFKI tool were equal to 0.90, 0.88, 3.26 and CVI, CVR, and Impact scores of the FFKI tool were respectively equal to 0.95, 0.91 and 3.59, that it indicated a satisfactory level of content and face validity. Then, to check the construct validity, the results of the exploratory factor analysis of the MFKI tool on 13 items led to the identification of 3 factors, including Environment and reproductive health (ERH), Lifestyle factors (LSF) and Sperm quality (SQ), which explained 66% of the cumulative variance. The results of the exploratory factor analysis of the FFKI tool on 15 items led to the identification of 4 factors, including Reproductive health (RH), Lifestyle factors (LSF), Chance of conception (CHC) and Ovarian reserve and preservation (ORP), which explained 68% of the cumulative variance. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated that the Persian version of MFKI and FFKI has acceptable psychometric properties to measure the awareness of Iranian couples regarding fertility, which can be used as a screening tool for fertility knowledge by health care professionals and also as a reliable tool in research. Plain English summary: The right to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is considered one of the basic rights of couples all over the world. Increasing childbearing age is a global social issue. In spite of the policies of having children in the previous decade, fertility reduction and involuntary childlessness are still the foremost global health problems. The fertility rate in Iran has reduced significantly in the last thirty years. This reduction can be attributed not only to economic difficulties but also to the postponement of marriage and having children, as well as infertility issues, which, by increasing the awareness of couples about fertility, seems to be able to overcome this problem to some extent. Consequently, we decided to conduct this study with the aim of determining the psychometric properties of the Male and Female Fertility Knowledge Inventories (MFKI and FFKI) in Iranian couples. The results of the current study revealed that this questionnaire, having acceptable psychometric properties to evaluate the state of awareness of Iranian couples regarding fertility, can be used as a valid and reliable tool in Iranian couples. It appears that it is essential for health care providers to play an active role in advising couples about the appropriate age of fertility, the problems of delay in having children, overcoming the value of having few children in society. Accordingly, health policymakers should recommend the use of valid screening tools to identify the knowledge of women and men about fertility in health centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Effective governance of projects: A mainstay of good public investment.
- Author
-
Shiferaw, Asmamaw Tadege
- Subjects
PUBLIC investments ,INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) ,PUBLIC finance ,GATEKEEPING ,CONCEPTION - Abstract
Large infrastructure projects (if successful) have a significant effect on societies and can boost long-term economic output, but they are also problematic if they fail. Massive amounts of public money can evaporate in a few projects, and that can destroy the public finances of a small economy. A large public investment project, which usually involves national pride, produces little or nothing of value compared to its investment. At the same time, it prevents the rise of small projects and sucks up resources for a very long time. In an effort to understand how large infrastructure projects are being prepared in Ethiopia, the author has previously conducted an inquiry into the country's project preparation and decision-making processes. The results of the study indicated many shortcomings: limited or no use of a formal project governance system, a top-down approach, a culture of overlooking project-related risks, exaggerating project benefits, and optimism bias. In this study, the author further examines the previous findings, presents an improvement option for the country's project governance system, and recommends that, no matter how eager we are to transform the country, there is no need to rush to implement large and complex infrastructure projects with several unclear risks and consequences ahead. Priority should be given to setting up political and technical gatekeeping mechanisms, (go/no go) stages, that can stop wrong projects before conception. Parallelly, such mechanisms enable valuable project concepts to be selected, implemented, and linked with other prime streams of development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Maternal mitochondrial function affects paternal mitochondrial inheritance in Drosophila.
- Author
-
Cao, Jinguo, Luo, Yuying, Chen, Yonghe, Wu, Zhaoqi, Zhang, Jiting, Wu, Yi, and Hu, Wen
- Subjects
- *
MITOCHONDRIAL physiology , *FLIES , *MITOCHONDRIA , *RESEARCH funding , *CONCEPTION , *HUMAN reproduction , *ANIMAL experimentation , *GENETICS - Abstract
The maternal inheritance of mitochondria is a widely accepted paradigm, and mechanisms that prevent paternal mitochondria transmission to offspring during spermatogenesis and postfertilization have been described. Although certain species do retain paternal mitochondria, the factors affecting paternal mitochondria inheritance in these cases are unclear. More importantly, the evolutionary benefit of retaining paternal mitochondria and their ultimate fate are unknown. Here we show that transplanted exogenous paternal D. yakuba mitochondria can be transmitted to offspring when maternal mitochondria are dysfunctional in D. melanogaster. Furthermore, we show that the preserved paternal mitochondria are functional, and can be stably inherited, such that the proportion of paternal mitochondria increases gradually in subsequent generations. Our work has important implications that paternal mitochondria inheritance should not be overlooked as a genetic phenomenon in evolution, especially when paternal mitochondria are of significant differences from the maternal mitochondria or the maternal mitochondria are functionally abnormal. Our results improve the understanding of mitochondrial inheritance and provide a new model system for its study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. A PRÁTICA DOCENTE E O DIÁLOGO ENTRE SABERES NO ENSINO DE BOTÂNICA.
- Author
-
da Silva, Natália Maria, Braz Barbosa de Sousa, Thiago, and Alves Ramos, Marcelo
- Subjects
- *
BIOLOGY teachers , *TEACHER educators , *LOCAL knowledge , *SEMI-structured interviews , *TEACHER education , *CONCEPTION , *BOTANY - Abstract
One of the challenges in Brazilian education has been to develop pedagogical practices that contextualize teaching and to foster dialogue between different types of knowledge in the classroom. In this article we aimed to identify the Biology teachers' conceptions regarding botany, and to answer the following questions: a) How is teaching practice conducted in high school botany classes? b) What are the challenges of teaching botany? c) What is the importance of practical classes for botany education according to the teachers' perspective? d) How do teachers understand and utilize students' local knowledge in botany classes?. The methodological approach used was qualitative. The research was conducted in four public schools within the State education system of Nazaré da Mata (PE), and the subjects were teachers who teach biology in the 2nd year of high school. We conducted semi-structured interviews, observations of botany classes, and meetings with teachers to discuss the study's theme and collect our data. We observed that the teaching practice regarding botany content was based on traditional teaching with a one-sided bias. According to the teachers, the main challenges for teaching these classes are the limited available time, the prioritization of content focused on external assessments, and the lack of school infrastructure. The teachers report difficulties in delivering the content and attribute these difficulties to their own training. Additionally, we observed a lack of dialogue between different types of knowledge in the classes, as most teachers were unaware of various forms of knowledge and how to approach them in the classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Status of reproductive health knowledge amongst High School girls in selected secondary schools, Limpopo Province, South Africa.
- Author
-
Tshivhase, Shonisani E. and Matshusa, Ridovhona R.
- Subjects
HEALTH literacy ,HIGH schools ,CROSS-sectional method ,SELF-evaluation ,REPRODUCTIVE health ,WOMEN ,RESEARCH funding ,HIGH school students ,STATISTICAL sampling ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,INJECTIONS ,RESEARCH methodology ,RURAL population ,ORAL contraceptives ,UNPLANNED pregnancy ,STUDENT attitudes ,DATA analysis software ,MENSTRUATION ,CONTRACEPTION ,HEALTH education ,WOMEN'S health - Abstract
Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Follicular fluid and serum Prostaglandin D2 level as a biomarker for ovarian reserve and response in IVF protocol.
- Author
-
Kadir, Israa Talib Abd Al, khafajy, Zainab Hasan Al, Abdulhameed, Wasan Adnan, and Rahim, Ali Ibrahim
- Subjects
OVARIAN follicle ,SEX hormones ,OVUM ,PEARSON correlation (Statistics) ,STATISTICAL correlation ,T-test (Statistics) ,ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,EXTRACELLULAR fluid ,HUMAN reproductive technology ,CONCEPTION ,PROSTAGLANDINS ,FERTILIZATION in vitro ,FOLLICLE-stimulating hormone ,ANALYSIS of variance ,RESEARCH ,OVARIAN reserve ,COMPARATIVE studies ,DATA analysis software ,BIOMARKERS ,INDUCED ovulation ,OOCYTE retrieval - Abstract
Background: Poor responders are those with poor ovarian reserve test, usually old age group however, there are some young patients with adequate ovarian reserve test are unexpectedly poorly responding to Controlled Ovarian Stimulation protocol ( COS) through In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) program. Follicular fluid and serum Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) level has a role in ovarian function and response to COS protocol. Aim of study: To find whether follicular fluid and serum PGD2 level is a potential biomarker of ovarian reserve and a predictor of ovarian response to hyper stimulation and to show a possibility in developing a therapeutic factor for poor ovarian responders. Methods: The study included eighty infertile females less than 42 years old, their BMI less than 30 undergone Controlled Ovarian Stimulation (COS) protocol through IVF program. Forty of them with poor ovarian reserve (study group) defined according to ESHRE guidelines 2019; low Ati Mullerian hormones (AMH) and or low Antral Follicle Count (AFC), adding to them in my study Follicular Stimulating Hormone (FSH) level. Other forty with normal ovarian reserve test (control group). A third group extracted from control group, eight in number involving those with adequate ovarian reserve test and young age less than 35 years old, though showed unexpectedly poor response to COS protocol(total oocytes retrieved less than four). In our study we excluded women with endometriosis, immune disorder, endocrine disorders, women with endometriosis, women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and male factor infertility. We analysed PGD2 level using ELISA in both follicular fluid and patients serum on day of ovum pick up in both study group and control group, then we correlated the patients clinical parameters (age, BMI, ovarian reserve test),controlled ovarian stimulation / IVF program outcome (total oocytes retrieved, fertilisation rate and total embryos obtained) with follicular and serum PGD2 level. Finally we did comparison of all parameters mentioned above including follicular and serum PGD2 level among: (1) study group (poor ovarian reserve test) (2) new control group (normal ovarian reserve test and normal response with four oocytes retrieved and above) and (3) unexpected poorly responding group (normal ovarian reserve test, young less than 35 year and total oocytes retrieved less than four). Results: Showed significant lowered PGD2 level in both follicular fluid and patient's serum in study group (poor ovarian reserve group) in comparison with control group (normal reserve test). When we do the comparison among the three groups, the result showed significant lower follicular fluid PGD2 level, non-significant lower serum PGD2 level in unexpected poor responder group (age less than 35yr, normal ovarian reserve test, and poor response, less than four total oocytes retrieved) in comparison to group(normal ovarian reserve test and normal responder with equal or more than four total oocytes retrieved). There was no significant difference in follicular fluid and serum PGD2 level between study group (poor ovarian reserve test) and the unexpected poor responder group. Conclusion: We suggest that PGD2 is a potential biomarker to aid the tests of ovarian reserve and to enhance the diagnosis of poor ovarian response and this data may show the possibility of developing a therapeutic factor for poor ovarian responders by enhancing follicular function that can be used to establish new individualised COS protocol in women with poor ovarian response [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Causation and Conception in American Inventorship
- Author
-
Burk, Dan
- Subjects
patent ,conception ,inventor ,innovation ,AI ,artificial intelligence ,intellectual property ,causation ,causality ,invention - Abstract
Increasing use of machine learning or “artificialintelligence” (AI) software systems in technical innovation has ledsome to speculate that perhaps machines might be consideredinventors under patent law. While U.S. patent doctrine decisivelyprecludes such a bizarre and counterproductive result, thespeculation leads to a more fruitful inquiry about the role ofcausation in the law of inventorship. U.S. law has almost entirelydisregarded causation in determining inventorship, with very fewexceptions, some of which are surprising. In this essay, I examinethose exceptions to inventive causality, the role they play indetermining inventorship, and their effect in excludingconsideration of mechanical inventors under current law.
- Published
- 2023
47. Examining the impact of solid organ transplantation on family planning: pre- and post-transplantation pregnancy evaluations for both women and men
- Author
-
Böhm, Lea, Schirm, Nina, Zimmermann, Tanja, Meyer, Nadia, and von Versen-Höynck, Frauke
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Application of the Theory of Change in the Greening of Business
- Author
-
Stretovych Oleksandr O.
- Subjects
theory of change ,business ,greening ,conception ,Business ,HF5001-6182 - Abstract
The article summarizes scientific approaches to the development of the theory of changes in the greening of business. The scientific and methodological approaches to understanding the basics of the theory of change have been developed. The features of the application of the theory of change in the greening of business are presented. The specifics of the development of the theory of changes in the greening of business on the example of Ukraine are revealed. It is determined that for the Ukrainian realities, the greening of business is implemented mainly in the formal plane in the context of compliance with the norms and standards of environmental development, ensuring environmental taxation, control of environmental pollution standards, which slows down the development of the component of the Ukrainian environmental business and hinders the innovative introduction of elements of the ecological paradigm in our country. The theory of change is a rigorous but necessary process by which groups and stakeholders in planning activities formulate their long-term goals and define the conditions that they believe should precede the achievement of these goals. These conditions are modeled as desired outcomes, organized graphically in a causal structure. Change theory describes the types of interventions (a single program or a coordinated initiative) that lead to the outcomes depicted in the outcome map. Each intervention is linked to an outcome in a causal system, revealing the often complex web of actions required to bring about change. Several factors have been found to make it difficult for multinational companies to take action against climate change, such as a lack of certainty about climate policy, a lack of green technologies, and a lack of return on investment. The use of green practices also remains limited in the International Health Standards (IHR) in both developed and developing countries, due to limited access to finance and skills, lack of information and knowledge about innovation, and, in some cases, poor enforcement of rules. It is determined that for a better and more effective application of the norms and provisions of the theory of changes in the greening of business, it is relevant to introduce professional courses for managers and environmental managers of companies, which will direct the professional training of management staff to the implementation of effective environmental changes in business. It is also relevant to introduce the State-based programs to stimulate the development of greening business in terms of indirect (tax incentives for businesses that implement environmental innovations) and direct incentives for the implementation of environmental changes (preferential lending for greening business).
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Time to pregnancy recognition among users of an FDA-cleared fertility application
- Author
-
Agathe van Lamsweerde, Jack T. Pearson, Rachel Urrutia, Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson, Helena Kopp Kallner, Anita Nelson, Eleonora Benhar, Carlotta Favaro, Elina Berglund Scherwitzl, and Raoul Scherwitzl
- Subjects
Contraception ,pregnancy ,pregnancy recognition ,fertility application ,conception ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Background: Previous investigations of time-to-pregnancy recognition have analysed data from national surveys and clinics, but this has not been investigated in the context of digital fertility applications. Timely pregnancy recognition can help individuals in health and pregnancy management, reducing maternal and foetal risk and costs, whilst increasing treatment options, availability, and cost. Methods: This dataset contained 23,728 pregnancies (conceived between June 2018 and December 2022) from 20,429 participants using a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) cleared fertility app in the United States. Most participants (with non-missing information) identified as Non-Hispanic White, and one-third reported obtaining a university degree. We used two-tailed Welch’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, and two-tailed Z-tests to compare time to pregnancy recognition between those using the app to conceive or contracept. Results: Participants using an app to conceive recognised pregnancy on average at 31.3 days from last menstrual period (LMP) compared to 35.9 days among those using the app to prevent pregnancy. Conclusion: Generalisability is limited, as all participants were using a fertility app and had relatively homogenous sociodemographic characteristics.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Utilising male stimulus to improve the reproductive efficiency of 8-month-old nulliparous ewes and adult parous ewes.
- Author
-
Rosales-Nieto, César A., Thompson, Andrew N., Cuevas-Reyes, Venancio, Hérnandez-Arteaga, Luisa E.S., Greeff, Johan C., Ehrhardt, Richard, Veiga-Lopez, Almudena, and Martin, Graeme B.
- Subjects
- *
EWES , *SEXUAL cycle , *ANIMAL breeds , *ANIMAL breeding , *ADULTS - Abstract
We tested whether utilising the male effect to stimulate ewes before the mating period can reduce the time to conception following the introduction of entire rams, and increase fertility, prolificacy, and reproductive rate (number of fetuses per 100 ewes exposed to fertile rams). A retrospective analysis was used to analyse records from 59,716 ewes collected over 34 years (1986–2020) from seven genotypes: Border Leicester, Composite (crossbred), Dorset, Merino, Dorset x Polypay, Rambouillet, White Suffolk. The dataset also included nulliparous young ewes (mated at age 8 months) and adult parous ewes. Vasectomized rams were used to stimulate 20,632 ewes before a mating period that lasted 2 or 3 estrous cycles, and the outcomes were compared with those from 39,084 ewes that had not been stimulated. Independently of genotype, utilising the male stimulus advanced the average conception date by 8 days for young ewes (P < 0.0001) and by 1 day for adult ewes (P < 0.0001). The male stimulus also increased the proportion of ewes that conceived in their first cycle by 33 % for young ewes and by 6 % for adult ewes (P < 0.0001). For the cycle of conception, there were significant (P < 0.0001) effects of two interactions: male stimulus x age at mating and male stimulus x live weight at mating. The male stimulus improved fertility in both adult ewes (99.8 % vs 89 %; P < 0.001) and young ewes (77.7 % vs 81.3 %; P < 0.001). The male stimulus increased the number of young ewes (41.9 % vs 11.1 %; P < 0.001) and adult ewes (16.6 % vs 2.7 %; P < 0.001) that conceived multiple fetuses in the first 17 days of the mating period. The reproductive rate was improved by the male stimulus in young ewes (129 % vs 135 %; P < 0.001) but not in adult ewes (120 % vs 122 %; P = 0.12). When all animals for all breeds were included in the analyses, there were improvements in fertility, prolificacy, and reproductive rate as age and live weight increased at mating (P < 0.0001). We conclude that, independently of genotype, utilising the male stimulus before the mating period reduces the time to conception and improves reproductive performance in both young and adult ewes. • Male stimulus advanced the average conception date for ewe lambs and adult ewes. • Male stimulus increased the proportion of ewes conceived in their first reproductive cycle. • Male stimulus improved fertility in both adult ewes and ewe lambs. • Male stimulus increased the number of ewes that conceived multiple foetuses in the first 17 days of the mating period. • Male stimulus improved the reproductive rate in ewe lambs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.