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The aim of the Early Career Leadership Academy (ECLA; established in 2017) is to improve the retention rates of women; people of color; lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+); and people with disabilities in the atmospheric sciences and related fields by cultivating leadership, providing mentorship, and fostering a strong community of supportive peers and collaborators. Since 2017, five classes have completed the program, with the class composition spanning professional sectors and personal identities. Approximately 70% of ECLA participants were identified as women, people of color, LGBTQ+, and/or people with disabilities. Nearly half of all graduates have filled leadership positions within the American Meteorological Society (AMS), with a majority reporting that their first leadership position was not held until after completion of ECLA. A benefit of leadership training that spans across sectors includes the realization that despite different day-to-day responsibilities, many of the challenges faced by early career professionals related to extreme weather, climate change, and diversity and inclusion are similar across workplaces. ECLA is organized by AMS volunteers who created a program based on adaptive leadership principles. Given the diversity of professional backgrounds and lived experiences, the programmatic design of ECLA is also built upon each class's professional development needs. Many of the topics are fundamental to leading effective, diverse teams, yet are rarely covered in traditional academic preparation. Recommendations and a list of actionable strategies are provided to help ensure that early career professionals will continue to be agents of positive change in the weather, water, and climate enterprise and beyond. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: An early career leadership training program was created in 2017 to help increase retention rates of women, people of color, LGBTQ+, and people with disabilities in the atmospheric sciences and related fields. Since then, more than 100 participants have completed the AMS Early Career Leadership Academy and filled many leadership positions within the AMS. We share lessons that we learned during the creation and evolution of the program, along with recommendations for where future efforts should be concentrated to build a more diverse, equitable, and inclusive future that furthers scientific excellence and innovation. KEYWORDS: Community; Societal Impacts; Planning; Education; History, 1. Introduction The summer of 2023 marked the culmination of the fifth program of the Early Career Leadership Academy (ECLA), an American Meteorological Society (AMS) program that was born from [...]

The Department of Justice's March 21 antitrust lawsuit against Apple has drawn praise (Feiner 2024) and sharp criticism (Abbott 2024; Rinehart 2024). (1) One of us (Shughart 2024) blasted the [...]

Just before dawn on August 2, 1990, Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein deployed units of the Republic Guard Forces Command across the Kuwaiti border in a brutally swift assault that quickly [...]

Herbert G. Bohnert (1918–84) was a student and lifelong friend of Carnap. He wrote a doctoral thesis on Ramsey sentences and, after wavering between academia and the computer industry, eventually taught at Michigan State University. Bohnert defended Carnapian positions throughout his career and was especially productive in the 1970s. Unfortunately, Carnap's philosophy was deemed hopelessly out of date during this period, and partly for this reason, Bohnert is almost completely forgotten today. This fate is undeserved. In this article, I reconstruct his career and philosophical development by drawing on publications, as well as diary entries and private correspondence. I then argue that Carnap scholarship would benefit from closer attention to Bohnert's writings. I support this claim by means of a case study from the philosophy of mathematics: Bohnert's account of a conversation about set theory with Carnap in 1968 sheds new light on the contested question of whether Carnap held mathematics to be analytic in natural language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Imagine the dilemma of a single mother working as a state accountant, who, amid the rising cost of living, finds herself reaching out to numerous agencies for support, only to [...]

In 1988, Xerox CEO David Kearns co-authored a book titled Winning the Brain Race: A Bold Plan to Make Our Schools Competitive. Three years later, Kearns became deputy secretary of [...]

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The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) on Tuesday published its timetables for moving government agencies off current types of encryption onto what they hope will be quantum-resistant [...]

For modern businesses regardless of industry or size, the monetary impact of a data breach is substantial. https://www.ibm.com/reports/data-breach discovered that, from March 2023 to February 2024, the average cost of [...]

The US leads the world in quantum computing research, but it will need more government investment to maintain its lead over China, an assessment by the Information Technology and Innovation [...]

It is commonly assumed that data volume and network energy consumption are directly proportional, a notion perpetuated by numerous studies and media coverage. This paper challenges this assumption, offering a comprehensive examination of network operations to explain why the relationship between energy consumption and data volume is nonlinear. The power model approach is explored as an alternative methodology for calculating network energy consumption providing a more reliable representation of network energy use. The power model demonstrates that simple energy intensity calculations, expressed as kilowatt hours per gigabyte of data, are insufficient for accurately estimating real‐world network energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review focused on understanding the impact of big data on marketing productivity, following the guidelines of systematic literature reviews and using the PICOC (problem/population, intervention, comparison, results, context) method. 50 high-impact articles were selected in Scopus, prioritizing those in the areas of engineering, computer science and business, and published between 2020 and 2023. These articles, selected for their relevance and contribution to the study objectives, showed that the big data offers notable benefits in the marketing industry. The ability to customize marketing strategies to individual customer needs, improved optimization, and a better understanding of customer behaviors and preferences were key aspects. These findings highlight how big data can boost productivity in marketing, strengthening customer relationships and increasing loyalty by improving understanding and adaptation to the specific demands and preferences of each customer. This deeper, more personalized approach to consumers represents a significant shift in the effectiveness and efficiency of marketing strategies in the current era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hidden champions are SMEs with strong global competitiveness in specialized fields but low profile. China's hidden champions show less internationalization compared to their global peers, despite niche market dominance. Consequently, an exploration of the internationalization trajectories and determinants for China's hidden champions is essential. This study utilizes fsQCA to investigate the internationalization strategies of 91 hidden champions, from China, using the "Efficiency-Structure-Environment" analytical framework. Five principal causal pathways for international operations are illustrated, categorized into three main driving models: "Efficiency-Environment,""Efficiency-Structure," and "System Interaction," with the first model being the most dominant. The study further classifies hidden champions by ownership, finding that both state-owned and private enterprises predominantly follow the "Efficiency-Structure" driving model. Additionally, when classified by certification types, all categories are found to align with the "System Integration" model. Notably, the international path for cultivation hidden champions is also well-explained by the "Efficiency Dominance" model. Lastly, the study delineates industry-specific models: general equipment manufacturers employ the "Efficiency-Structure" model, special equipment manufacturers use the "Structure-Environment" model, and the computer industry follows the "System Integration" model. Plain language summary: The international operations of China's hidden champions This research focuses on China's hidden champions, which are small and competitive companies in specific fields that are not widely known. Despite their success in niche markets, these companies have not expanded internationally as their global counterparts. To understand why, the study examines the international strategies of 91 hidden champions using a method called fsQCA. The findings reveal five main paths that lead to internationalization, driven primarily by factors such as efficiency, the business environment, and organizational structure. The study also explores how ownership type and certification play a role in these strategies. Notably, it highlights different approaches for fostering the international growth of hidden champions. The research concludes by identifying industry-specific patterns, showing how companies in general equipment manufacturing, special equipment manufacturing, and the computer industry adopt distinct driving models for their international operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, cloud computing has affected a large part of the computer industry, including software companies and internet service providers. It has proven efficient in managing tasks for applications. Despite its popularity, cloud computing does not meet the requirements of applications because it faces many limitations, such as high latency and bandwidth bottlenecks. These limitations will significantly affect applications sensitive to delays. To meet this challenge, fog computing is introduced as an extension to cloud computing. It improves quality of service (QoS) for applications that suffer from latency by keeping resources and services close to the end-user. How to efficiently and fairly allocate the available resources, e.g., CPU, bandwidth, and memory, between different requested tasks is a complex challenge. The main goal of this paper is to study the concepts of fog computing, architecture, environment, and metrics that affect resource allocation in fog computing. It also summarizes the classification of modern resource allocation approaches based on QoS metrics (2017-2023). On the other hand, highlighting the pros and cons of these studies as well as future research directions to develop different approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability and resilience in addressing construction's environmental, social, and economic challenges rely on interoperability. A model-centred approach using standardised information structures like industry foundation classes (IFC) is essential for data sharing in architecture, engineering, construction, and facility management. Achieving complete interoperability across domains requires further research. This review paper focuses on IFC schema, highlighting upcoming developments like IFC 5 and "IFC x", with a core emphasis on modularisation to enhance domain interoperability, improved links between building information modelling (BIM) and geographic information systems (GIS), along with IoT integration into BIM, cloud-based collaboration, and support for other advanced technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence (AI), and digital twins. Through a critical examination of the IFC and an outlook towards its future enhancements, the research has the potential to offer valuable insights into shaping the trajectory of future advancements within the AEC and facility management sectors. The study's discoveries could aid in establishing standardised data exchange protocols in these industries, promoting uniformity across projects, facilitating smoother communication, and mitigating errors and inefficiencies. Anticipating enhancements in the IFC could catalyse innovation, fostering the adoption of emerging technologies and methodologies. Consequently, this could drive the creation of more sophisticated tools and procedures, ultimately enhancing project outcomes and operational effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasingly, anecdote and research have suggested a high rate of perfectionism among adolescents. The authors of the most common measure used in perfectionism research, the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, have proposed that perfectionism comprises six subcomponents, however this has been the subject of debate in regard to adolescent populations. Our study examined the psychometric properties of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale in a sample of 930 New Zealand adolescents. Broadly consistent with our hypotheses, and previous research, the results showed that Frost and colleagues' original six-factor structure did not provide a good fit to the adolescent sample. Instead, exploratory factor analyses reveals a four-factor solution reflecting 'Concerns and Doubts', 'Parental Perceptions', 'Personal Standards' and 'Organisation'. Further analyses provides support for two second-order factors representing Positive and Negative perfectionism. Overall, despite differing from Frost and colleagues' original six-factor conceptualisation, the four first-order components conform to the two hypothesized second-order components. Keywords: Perfectionism, Adolescence, Mental Health, Factor Analysis, INTRODUCTION For at least two decades, there has been growing concern over the apparent increase in perfection amongst today's adolescents (e.g., Curran & Hill, 2019), with some researchers suggesting that [...]