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Purpose: The dual mobility cup (DMC) reduces the dislocation rates in total hip arthroplasty (THA). DMC systems include anatomical (non-modular or monoblock) (ADM) and modular dual mobility (MDM) components (Stryker Orthopaedics, Mahwah, NJ, USA). This review aims to assess differences between these two types of DMC implants concerning dislocation and revision rates, as well as patient-reported outcomes. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reports data from patients undergoing primary THA using MDM and/or ADM implants. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we analyzed articles from Science Direct/Scopus, PubMed, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. We compared dislocation rates, revisions for any reason, aseptic loosening, infections, fractures, and functional outcomes between ADM and MDM components. Results: Eleven studies were considered eligible for further analysis. A total of 3369 patients (mean age = 65.4 years) underwent primary THA, including 3386 DMC implants. The mean follow-up for the MDM and ADM groups was 2.9 years and 3.9 years, respectively. The study revealed one dislocation in the MDM and none in the ADM. By proportion metanalysis, the review did not show statistical differences in all-cause revisions (p = 0.93, [CI [0.01;0.02]) or periprosthetic fractures (p = 0.18, CI [0.01;0.02]). Conclusions: MDM and ADM systems, both, represent safe DM options regarding dislocation, all-causes revisions and functional outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the complex structure, numerous equipment, intricate control and protection logic, as well as the existence of numerous unmodeled dynamics and black-box device models in photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected systems, a modeling method based on Particle Swarm Optimization Neural Network (PSO-NN) is proposed to address the inability of pure mechanism models to accurately simulate their operational dynamics. Utilizing the differences in active power response waveforms under Voltage-Frequency (Vf) control, Power-Reactive Power (PQ) control, and Droop control as criteria for control strategy identification, a PSO-NN model is constructed for PV grid-connected systems, with inputs comprising temperature, humidity, light intensity, voltage, and frequency disturbances, and outputs being active and reactive power. To validate the model's effectiveness, a PV grid-connected system model is built in a self-developed simulation software and connected to an IEEE 14-bus distribution network for simulation verification. The results demonstrate that the proposed PV grid-connected model can effectively identify the types of Vf control, PQ control, and Droop control strategies, and accurately reflect the dynamic response characteristics of active and reactive power under various voltage and frequency disturbances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Aiming at the complex structure, numerous equipment, intricate control and protection logic, as well as the existence of numerous unmodeled dynamics and black-box device models in photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected systems, a modeling method based on Particle Swarm Optimization Neural Network (PSO-NN) is proposed to address the inability of pure mechanism models to accurately simulate their operational dynamics. Utilizing the differences in active power response waveforms under Voltage-Frequency (Vf) control, Power-Reactive Power (PQ) control, and Droop control as criteria for control strategy identification, a PSO-NN model is constructed for PV grid-connected systems, with inputs comprising temperature, humidity, light intensity, voltage, and frequency disturbances, and outputs being active and reactive power. To validate the model's effectiveness, a PV grid-connected system model is built in a self-developed simulation software and connected to an IEEE 14-bus distribution network for simulation verification. The results demonstrate that the proposed PV grid-connected model can effectively identify the types of Vf control, PQ control, and Droop control strategies, and accurately reflect the dynamic response characteristics of active and reactive power under various voltage and frequency disturbances.

Background: There are few studies about the differences in the composition of moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude polysaccharide and ergothioneine in Ganoderma lucidum spore powder (GLSP) from different origins. As for GLSP after oil extraction (OE‐GLSP), there are still lots of bioactive substance in it. It can be seen that OE‐GLSP has certain biological activity. The effect of OE‐GLSP on the improvement of intestinal barrier function has been less studied. Results: The results showed that there were significant differences for GLSP from five different origins (Anhui, Jilin, Jiangxi, Shandong and Zhejiang) in moisture (0.065–0.113%), ash (0.603–0.955%), crude fat (42.444–44.773%), crude polysaccharide (2.977–4.127%), crude protein (14.761–17.639%) and ergothioneine (0.552–1.816 mg g−1) (P < 0.05). The monosaccharides of GLSP polysaccharide mainly consist of glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose, etc. Moreover, the effects of OE‐GLSP supplementation on the regulation of organ index, colonic tissue and intestinal microbiota in C57BL/6J mice were investigated. The supplement of OE‐GLSP could restore the organ index and weight loss of antibiotic‐treated mice. Moreover, OE‐GLSP led to the improvement of intestinal dysbiosis by enriching Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Lactobacillus and Roseburia, and increasing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. In addition, OE‐GLSP intervention repaired intestinal barrier dysfunction by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins (Occludin, Claudin‐1 and E‐cadherin). Conclusion: Different GLSP from five origins exhibited significant differences in microstructure and contents of crude polysaccharide, crude protein, crude fat, water, ash and ergothioneine. Moreover, it was found that OE‐GLSP could improve the intestinal barrier function and induce potentially beneficial changes in intestinal flora. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phragmites australis (Reed) is an excellent lignocellulosic crop for bioethanol production, but its recalcitrant structure affects utilization efficiency. Therefore, the effective pretreated method to destroy the complex and tight structure was necessary. In this study, Irradiation (0,400,800 kGy) combined with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (0,1%,2%,4%) pretreatment was used for the deconstruct lignocellulose structure of reed stalk, and the residue after pretreatment were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis and synchronous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to determine the structural changes of reed stalk after different pretreatment. Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to analysis the main lignocellulose-derived inhibitor produced by pretreatment. The results demonstrated that irradiation combined with NaOH pretreatment could destroy the lignocellulose structure, remove the lignin and hemicellulose partially, increase the content of cellulose, and promote fermentable sugar content for ethanol fermentation. The maximum enzymatic hydrolysis conversion rate of cellulose was 85.02% when the reed stalk was treated by 800 kGy irradiation combined with 4% NaOH solution. The maximum ethanol conversion rate was 73.35% when the reed stalk was pretreated by 800 kGy irradiation combined with 2% NaOH solution. Irradiation pretreatment destroyed the tightly packed structure, induced the fracture of hydrogen bond or covalent bond of reed stalk lignocellulose, broken the crystal structure of cellulose. Irradiation combined with NaOH treatment, the characteristic peak intensity of hemicellulose and lignin decreased or even disappeared in FT-IR spectroscopy. Interestingly, the cellulose crystal form transformed from I to II, when the reed stalk was treated by 800 kGy irradiation combined with NaOH solution. Overall, irradiation combined with NaOH pretreatment was effective for improving the utilization efficiency of reed stalk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hollow cylindrical components of longer length are a crucial necessity in industries catering to products like gun barrels, cylinder liners of ship and locomotive engines, pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders, etc. A highly finished inner surface improves resistance to corrosion, wear, and friction. Conventional magnetorheological (MR) finishing techniques typically use axis-based CNC setups, which are limited in their ability to finish longer components (>30 cm) due to the Z-axis tool restriction. In this work, a novel MR finishing method has been designed and developed that is based on the pneumatic cylinder and has extremely high reach for the length of the hollow cylindrical workpiece thereby successfully mitigating the limitation of conventional CNC-based MR finishing techniques. Using mild steel as the material, the new technique achieved a significant reduction in surface roughness, with a minimum average roughness of 0.059 µm after 150 minutes of finishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the application of digital twin technology in the field of intelligent management and control of bearer networks has become a new hotspot and research direction. Various research institutions both domestically and internationally are exploring relevant application scenarios and conducting standardization research. Based on the current research on digital twin technology in the field of information and communication, the new challenges faced by the management and control of 5G bearer networks were analyzed, and the application scenarios and requirements of digital twin technology in 5G bearer networks were explored. Based on these typical application scenarios, the design of digital twin application service scheme and the function and data description of emulator components were proposed. Finally, an application case of 5G network slicing resource allocation and change simulation function was described.

Abstract Primary gastric adenosquamous carcinoma (PGASC) is a rare type of gastric cancer with limited research and poorly understood clinicopathological features. This study investigated the clinicopathological features and outcomes of PGASC. Patients with PGASC from Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and from the published literature were enrolled in this study. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and prognostic factors were identified through Cox proportional hazards regression models. This study identified 76 eligible cases of PGASC, with 45 cases from published literature and 31 from our center. The most prevalent symptoms were abdominal pain and dysphagia, with a median age of 62 years (range: 29–84 years). The primary lesions were predominantly in the proximal stomach, with a median tumor size of 6.5 cm (range: 1.5–16.0 cm). Tumor stages II, III, and IV were detected in 12 (16.7%), 43 (59.7%), and 17 (23.6%) patients, respectively. Most tumors were poorly differentiated in both the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) component and adenocarcinoma (AC) component. The median survival time was 17 months (range: 2–122 months). The 1, 3, and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 60.7%, 31.1%, and 24.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that OS was independently predicted by the proportion of SCC component, differentiation of AC component, and tumor stage. PGASC is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. A high proportion of SCC components, low differentiated AC components, and advanced tumor were associated with worse survival in patients with PGASC. Adjuvant therapy did not improve survival time.

In this paper, we study the existence of nodal solutions of some nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations of fourth order with a spectral parameter in the boundary condition. To do this, we first study the global bifurcation of solutions from zero and infinity of the corresponding nonlinear eigenvalue problems in classes with a fixed oscillation count. Then, using these global bifurcation results, we prove the existence of solutions of the considered nonlinear boundary value problems with a fixed number of nodes.

Chest X-ray report generation aims to generate expert-level radiology diagnostic reports that can be used in clinics on given chest X-ray images. Automatic chest X-ray report generation can assist doctors in writing radiology reports, which can not only improve the diagnostic efficiency of radiologists and meet the needs of a large number of patients but also remind some inexperienced radiologists of misdiagnoses or missed diagnoses. As a visual-language task, chest X-ray report generation can be achieved by existing image captioning methods. However, chest X-ray imagery exhibits a high degree of similarity, wherein diagnostically crucial abnormalities often manifest in minute regions of the images, posing a formidable challenge in discerning subtle visual differences and distinctive features. Further, the medical findings have been widely applied as labels to guide the image encoding module to focus on the salient regions in the image using the attention mechanism. However, existing methods neglect the relations between class features corresponding to different medical findings and the relationship between such local features and global features of the image. To tackle these challenges, we propose dual graph convolution networks (DGCN) that novelly incorporate the grid feature graph and class feature graph into the report generation process. In detail, the grid graph is used to explore the relationship between the grid regions on the whole image, and the class feature graph is used to mine the relationship between different medical findings (Dual GCN). Moreover, to explore the relationship between global features, such as grid features, and local features, such as class features, we introduce a multi-head attention module to help fuse different types of features and mine more useful relationship information (FFARM). Extensive experiments on the IU X-ray dataset underscore the substantial superiority of our model over the state-of-the-art chest X-ray report generation methodologies. Further ablation analyses reveal that both the class feature graph and the grid feature graph contribute significantly to enhancing the efficacy of chest X-ray report generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let X be an Archimedean vector lattice and X + denote the positive cone of X. A unary operation ϖ on X + is called a truncation on X if x ∧ ϖ y = ϖ x ∧ y for all x , y ∈ X +. Let X u denote the universal completion of X with a distinguished weak element e > 0. It is shown that a unary operation ϖ on X + is a truncation on X if and only if there exists an element u ∈ X u and a component p of e such that p ∧ u = 0 and ϖ x = p x + u ∧ x for all x ∈ X +. Here, px is the product of p and x with respect to the unique lattice-ordered multiplication in X u having e as identity. As an example of illustration, if ϖ is a truncation on some L p μ -space then there exists a measurable set A and a function u ∈ L 0 μ vanishing on A such that ϖ x = 1 A x + u ∧ x for all x ∈ L p μ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Workplace accidents can be avoided through meticulous planning, systematic organization, and through evaluating the efficacy of implemented control measures. Acquiring high standards in a safety management system can be achieved using models that facilitate the execution of proactive steps to mitigate work-related risks. This study aimed to ascertain the presence of effective safety practices throughout the implementation of safety performance measures. A systematic literature review was carried out following the guidelines provided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Thirty articles in English, published between 2010 and 2020, were identified by a comprehensive search in the Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases, based on certain criteria. The results demonstrated the efficacy of safety management practices and their impact on safety performance. The predominant focus of the evaluations was procedural safety, with relatively little emphasis placed on the elements of human safety that were significantly overlooked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In current research on task offloading and resource scheduling in vehicular networks, vehicles are commonly assumed to maintain constant speed or relatively stationary states, and the impact of speed variations on task offloading is often overlooked. It is frequently assumed that vehicles can be accurately modeled during actual motion processes. However, in vehicular dynamic environments, both the tasks generated by the vehicles and the vehicles' surroundings are constantly changing, making it difficult to achieve real-time modeling for actual dynamic vehicular network scenarios. Taking into account the actual dynamic vehicular scenarios, this paper considers the real-time non-uniform movement of vehicles and proposes a vehicular task dynamic offloading and scheduling algorithm for single-task multi-vehicle vehicular network scenarios, attempting to solve the dynamic decision-making problem in task offloading process. The optimization objective is to minimize the average task completion time, which is formulated as a multi-constrained non-linear programming problem. Due to the mobility of vehicles, a constraint model is applied in the decision-making process to dynamically determine whether the communication range is sufficient for task offloading and transmission. Finally, the proposed vehicular task dynamic offloading and scheduling algorithm based on muti-agent deep deterministic policy gradient (MADDPG) is applied to solve the optimal solution of the optimization problem. Simulation results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper is able to achieve lower latency task computation offloading. Meanwhile, the average task completion time of the proposed algorithm in this paper can be improved by 7.6% compared to the performance of the MADDPG scheme and 51.1% compared to the performance of deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to solve the problems of conventional water injection development difficulties and low recovery factor in low-permeability reservoirs, the method of high-pressure air drive is adopted to achieve the purpose of reservoir energy enhancement and efficiency improvement. This paper conducted an experimental study on the mechanism of low-temperature oxidation (LTO) for crude oil in the process of high-pressure air flooding, elaborated the relationship between the LTO properties of crude oil and the temperature, pressure, and water saturation of the reservoir, and analyzed the differences in LTO oxygen consumption and oil components under different reaction conditions. In addition, combined with the air flooding physical simulation experiment, the dynamic evolution law of recovery rate in the air flooding process was revealed. Findings from this inquiry indicate that an escalation in the oxidation temperature significantly amplifies the oxygen incorporation reaction within the crude oil matrix. This augmentation in oxidative conditions leads to an uptick in oxygen consumption, which subsequently precipitates a reduction in the lighter fractions of the oxidized oil while enriching its heavier components. Elevated pressures were found to enhance the propensity for the amalgamation of unstable hydrocarbons with oxygen, fostering comprehensive and heterogeneous oxidation reactions. Notably, an excessive presence of water was observed to detrimentally affect the thermal efficacy of crude oil oxidation processes. In the context of low-permeability reservoirs, air injection techniques have emerged as superior in effectuating oil displacement, although an increase in injection pressures has been associated with the phenomenon of gas channeling. Interestingly, adopting a sequential strategy of initiating water flooding before air flooding facilitated the conveyance of high-pressure air via established flushing channels, although it appeared to attenuate the intensity of crude oil oxidation, culminating in an oil recovery efficiency peaking at 51%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fly ash is a constituent included in concrete batches to enhance their durability and compressive strength. The increased temperatures induced a chemical reaction in the gel, resulting in a reduction in the strength of fly soil concrete. The deterioration of the matrix bonding was the cause of the decrease in strength. There are many techniques by which fly ash may be incorporated into concrete. This material has the ability to substitute a portion or the whole of the fine particles, a portion or the entirety of the cement, or even function as an additional component that improves the formation of certain characteristics in the concrete. Numerous international enterprises heavily depend on pozzolanic concrete, especially those operating in the nuclear, oil and gas, and electrical sectors. Pozzolanic concrete is also used in the construction of bridges and tunnels. Considering their extended exposure to the external environment, these concrete slabs not only experience elevated internal temperatures but also carry an inherent risk of fire. Although concrete is not prone to immediate combustion, it may nonetheless suffer substantial damage or even collapse when subjected to very high temperatures. This work investigated the modulus elasticity, split tensile strength, and compressive strength of fly ash concrete at temperatures up to 120 degrees Celsius. The study used a water-to-cement ratio of 0.5 weight per unit mass and a mixture ratio of 1:1.45:2.2:1.103. Throughout this investigation, fly ash was used as a substitute for cement in many methodologies. Furthermore, measurements were taken for the elastic modulus, compressive strength, and split tensile strength of the substrate. The proportion of cement used determined the replacement ratios, which varied between 30% and 50%. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, and elastic modulus of several types of fly-ash concrete were determined at varying temperatures and after varying curing durations ranging from 28 to 56 days. The results indicated that the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and elastic modulus of the concrete were similar to those of the standard concrete without fly ash, up to a cement replacement level of 30%. The control mixture exhibited superior performance in split tensile strength, elastic modulus, and compressive strength compared to concrete mixes using 30%, 40%, or 50% fly ash as a substitute for cement. Regardless of the historical point at which the pairings were established, this statement remained valid. Conversely, the effectiveness of a combination will increase with time. Concrete mixes with 30%, 40%, or 50% fly ash instead of cement exhibit compressive strength reductions of 11.4%, 30.1%, 28.9%, and 27.5%, respectively, at a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius, in comparison to compositions without fly ash. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary gastric adenosquamous carcinoma (PGASC) is a rare type of gastric cancer with limited research and poorly understood clinicopathological features. This study investigated the clinicopathological features and outcomes of PGASC. Patients with PGASC from Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and from the published literature were enrolled in this study. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and prognostic factors were identified through Cox proportional hazards regression models. This study identified 76 eligible cases of PGASC, with 45 cases from published literature and 31 from our center. The most prevalent symptoms were abdominal pain and dysphagia, with a median age of 62 years (range: 29–84 years). The primary lesions were predominantly in the proximal stomach, with a median tumor size of 6.5 cm (range: 1.5–16.0 cm). Tumor stages II, III, and IV were detected in 12 (16.7%), 43 (59.7%), and 17 (23.6%) patients, respectively. Most tumors were poorly differentiated in both the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) component and adenocarcinoma (AC) component. The median survival time was 17 months (range: 2–122 months). The 1, 3, and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 60.7%, 31.1%, and 24.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that OS was independently predicted by the proportion of SCC component, differentiation of AC component, and tumor stage. PGASC is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. A high proportion of SCC components, low differentiated AC components, and advanced tumor were associated with worse survival in patients with PGASC. Adjuvant therapy did not improve survival time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacgraund. For the production of slow-acting fertilizers. some crystalline compounds of urea with mineral acids are of particular interest. Among them. urea compounds with phosphoric acid - urea phosphate. which are less soluble than other nitrogen fertilizers and contain the main nutrient element of plants - nitrogen in amide form and phosphorus. are of particular importance. Purpose. The study of the solubility diagram of components in the СО(NH2)2-Н3РO4-H2O system by a visual polythermal method in order to obtain slow-acting fertilizers. Methodology. The study of phase equilibrium in physico-chemical systems is carried out by the visual-polythermal method. New chemicals formed in the system were analyzed by chemical and physicochemical methods. Originality. The mutual influence of components in a complex system consisting of urea. phosphoric acid and water was studied by a visual polythermal method. In the studied system. the formation of a new chemical compound of the composition - СО(NH2)2•Н3РO4. which was identified by chemical and physicochemical analysis methods. was established. Findings: Based on the solubility of secondary systems and internal cross sections. a diagram of the polythermal solubility of the СО(NH2)2-Н3РO4-H2O system was constructed in the temperature range of - 89.6 to 40°C. The system limited the crystallization field of ice. СО(NH2)2. Н3РO4•H2O. and the new compound СО(NH2)2•Н3РO4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monounary algebras are the most simple type of an algebraic structure. Oriented graphs with one outgoing arrow from every vertex represent them. The aim of this paper is to point out the interdisciplinary relationships concerning this structure. Bernoulli shift is a paradigmatic mapping in dynamical systems. It is also called dyadic, bit shift, doubling or sawtooth. We offer a look at the properties of this mapping via monounary algebras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Education and improvement of human behavior with their surroundings, is the key to solving environmental crises. This shows the necessity of implementing environmental education programs on a large scale through electronic learning for citizens. In order to successfully implement e-learning, it is necessary to design a suitable model; therefore, the purpose of this research was to design and validate the model of e-learning in environmental-citizenship training. Methods: This study was conducted with the aim of designing and validating the e-learning model in environmental citizenship training. This study was exploratory in terms of thematic nature and applied and developmental in terms of objective. This study was carried out in two phases; in the first phase, which was done with the meta-synthesis method, related domestic and foreign research available in the databases and libraries of universities or government centers were investigated and semi- structural exploratory interviews were used. According to the inclusion criteria, the content review was done on 150 researches, and 22 experts were selected to be interviewed in a purposive way using MAXQDA. The kappa coefficient (or Cohen's kappa) was used to measure reliability as well. In the second phase of the research, the validation of the model was done using a 5-point Likert scale survey, which was given to 42 experts in education, environment, electronic education, citizenship education, and in the second step, after collecting information, the data were analyzed using the method of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach. Findings: Using the meta-synthesis method in the qualitative part of the research, 15 components and 49 items related to the EEC model of the environmental citizen were extracted. Cohen's kappa coefficient confirmed 0.95 reliability of the designed model, which was at the level of excellent agreement. According to the findings of the quantitative part of the research, all factor loadings in this model were evaluated as very favorable or acceptable. The value of Cronbach's alpha for all components was above 0.7 and the combined reliability value for all variables of the model was above 0.6, which indicated good internal reliability. The average amount of extracted variance in all of the model structures was above 0.5; therefore, the divergent validity of the model was also confirmed. The coefficient of determination R2 for all of the model structures was evaluated as significant, and the appropriateness of the fit of the structural model was confirmed. The extracted effect size also showed that the quality of the system (Q2=0.795) had the greatest impact on the model. The values of t in all paths of the model were greater than 1.96. According to the results obtained from the modeling of structural equations based on the partial least squares method, there was a positive and significant relationship in the designed paths between the components of the model. Conclusion: The items and components introduced in the design of the proposed model were also approved by experts. The designed model can be effective as a management tool in strengthening the provision of useful training and improving educational performance in this field. Also, the development of such models can help the decision makers as a guide to improve the education process to adopt a suitable policy for investing effective factors in the adoption and development of this educational approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: The telecommunications industry faces significant challenges due to customer attrition, which directly impacts revenue. To better understand and address this issue, Companies are looking into techniques to determine the internal issues that affect customer churn. OBJECTIVES: This article offers an overview of customer attrition within the telecommunications sector. METHODS: It introduces an advanced churn prediction model harnessing state-of-the-art technologies, including neural networks, machine learning, and other cutting-edge innovations, to achieve remarkably high accuracy rates. By analyzing diverse parameters and datasets collected from multiple telecom companies, valuable insights can be gained. RESULTS: The model's performance on test data can be evaluated using metrics such as Accuracy Score, Area under Curve (AUC), Sensitivity, Specificity, and other performance indicators. CONCLUSION: In order to effectively manage extensive datasets, organizations can leverage Big Data technology. This empowers them to forecast the probability of customer churn and put in place proactive strategies to retain their customer base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While drilling an oil well, the bit will penetrate different geological formations, and these formations will contaminate the drilling fluid either through rocky crumbs or formation water. The amount of alternation caused in the drilling fluid depends on the lithological type of the drilled formation and the percentage of ions in the formation water. Water is the main component of drilling mud, especially water-based mud, and it can be fresh water or salt water. One of the most important duties of the mud engineer when preparing drilling mud is to do a water test to measure the salinity: chloride (Cl–) and calcium (Ca2+). This study relied on field information for oil well in southern Iraq, which was adopted as a model for this case study. The study concluded that the presence of some ions in drilling mud such as Cl, sodium (Na) and Ca either reduces or increases the rheological properties of the mud system and in turn affects the rate of penetration, and it could also lead to serious drilling problems. The results proved that one of the most important indicators of mud contamination is a rise in the proportions of magnesium (Mg), Ca, carbonate (H2CO3) bicarbonate (HCO3), in addition to a low potential hydrogen (H). The rheology of the mud was also affected by contamination, depending on the type of ion polluting the drilling mud and the amount of its percentage. On the other hand, neglecting the treatment and monitoring of mud properties lead to serious problems. The results showed that adding silica dust contributed to treating drilling mud contaminated with calcium ions by 20%, as an increase in the value of the mud's viscosity was observed after adding silica. When the concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl) was about 8% or less, an increase in the rheological properties of the clay was observed, and the opposite was observed at concentrations of 10% or more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Telecommunications Science is the property of Beijing Xintong Media Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In response to the escalating inventory of laboratory equipment, the inadequacy of traditional manual management practices has become increasingly apparent. Current management challenges are underscored by historical data, which reveals a borrowing rate of approximately 30%, a concerning return rate of only about 5%, and an equipment loss rate of 10%. To address these inefficiencies, this paper introduces an advanced, intelligent laboratory equipment management system leveraging STM32 and GM65 technologies, designed to significantly enhance the return rate and minimize equipment loss. The system is meticulously engineered, featuring three integral modules: the scanning module, the core board module, and the communication module. The scanning module employs GM65 technology to rapidly scan and decode QR codes, facilitating the swift transmission of critical data to the core board for intelligent processing and interaction with the laboratory equipment. At the heart of the system, the core board module serves as the central processing unit, adeptly managing data from the scanning module. It intelligently discerns various information types and dynamically updates the TFT-LCD screen with the current status of equipment, ensuring that all users have access to real-time and accurate information regarding the borrowing and returning of equipment. The communication module is pivotal in bolstering the system's connectivity capabilities. Designed with a robust structure, the system is characterized by its simplicity of operation and robust practicality. It not only significantly improves the efficiency of laboratory equipment management but also plays a transformative role in modernizing laboratory management practices. By streamlining the management process and ensuring the optimal utilization of resources, this system provides a solid foundation for the sustainable advancement of laboratory operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fires in operating rooms are rare yet devastating incidents. There are guidelines for the prevention and management of surgical fires; however, these recommendations are based on expert opinion and case reports. Almost all surgical procedures have an oxidizer (oxygen, nitrous oxide), an ignition source (such as a laser or "Bovie"), and a fuel, which together make up the 3 elements of an operating room fire. Our review analyzes each fire component to decide on the most effective clinical approach for reducing the risk of fire. We investigate the incidence, risk factors, legal repercussions, preventive strategies, and the precise management of fires in the operating room, with a particular focus on plastic surgery procedures. In addition, we share insights from our own experiences and propose guidelines based on our findings to enhance safety and response measures in surgical settings. Fires most commonly occur around the head, neck, and upper chest. High-risk procedures include tonsillectomies, tracheostomies, laryngoscopies, and facial/neck surgeries. Checklists help ensure proper precautions are taken, such as using moist towels and lowering oxygen concentration. If a fire erupts, prompt removal of the oxygen source and irrigation is critical. From our experience, fires spread rapidly and can cause severe burns and inhalation injuries. We share an illustrative case of a surgical fire at our institution. Our review underscores the importance of fire prevention and preparedness through safety protocols, equipment maintenance, staff training, and maintaining situational awareness. More research is needed to quantify risk factors and determine optimal management strategies when fires do occur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing integration of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in healthcare settings has revolutionized patient care and medical diagnostics. However, this rapid proliferation of connected medical devices has also brought forth unprecedented challenges in ensuring the security and privacy of sensitive healthcare data. This paper aims to address the pressing issue of cybersecurity in healthcare IoT ecosystems, investigating potential vulnerabilities and proposing a comprehensive framework to enhance the resilience and security of medical data and connected devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Model-based engineering emerged as an approach to tackle the complexity of current system development. In particular, compositional strategies assume that systems can be built from reusable and loosely coupled units. However, it is still a challenge to ensure that desired properties hold for component integration. We present a component-based model for UML, including a metamodel, well-formedness conditions and formal semantics via translation into BRIC; the presentation of the semantics is given by a set of rules that cover all the metamodel elements and map them to their respective BRIC denotations. We use our previous work on BRIC as an underlying (and totally hidden) component development framework so that our approach benefits from all the formal infrastructure developed for BRIC using CSP. Component composition, specified via UML structural diagrams, ensures adherence to classical concurrent properties: our focus is on the preservation of deadlock freedom. Automated support is developed as a plug-in to the Astah modelling tool. Verification is carried out using FDR (a model checker for CSP); we address scalability using compositional reasoning (inherent to the approach) and behavioural patterns. The formal reasoning is transparent to the user: a distinguishing feature of our approach is its support for traceability. For instance, when FDR uncovers a deadlock, a sequence diagram is constructed from the deadlock trace and presented to the user at the modelling level. The overall approach is illustrated with a running example and two additional case studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We successfully developed a lanthanum (La)-doped Pb (Zr,Ti)O3 (PLZT) based ferroelectric capacitor (FC) using a new electrode material of bismuth (Bi) doped SrRuO3 (B-SRO) aiming at reduction of energy consumption of ferroelectric random access memory (FeRAM) by suppressing the leakage current of its FC. Our employed B-SRO layer is effective for suppressing the leakage current due to reducing atomic interdiffusions of Iridium and lead between IrOx top electrode (TE) and PLZT. Space charge limited conduction (SCLC) is dominant in the leakage current of the FC with B-SRO, while defect assisted conduction possibly includes in the leakage current of FC without B-SRO in addition with the SCLC. Switchable polarization, depending on the B-SRO thickness, has largest value for 1.0-1.5 nm thick B-SRO. Excellent imprint and switching (fatigue) endurances is proven on the FC with 1 nm thick BSRO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The excessive phosphorus input generated by human activities has broken the nutritional balance of ecosystem. This study focused on the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, where human activities are concentrated. It involved the innovative selection of county subunits to provide a clearer analysis of different components contributing to net anthropogenic phosphorus input (NAPI) and factors impacting it on a smaller scale, opening up a new horizon for more accurately formulating phosphorus management policies. The results showed that NAPI of the reservoir region maintained a high level (2641.84 kg·km−2·a−1), while showing significant spatial variation due to high input (>4200 kg·km−2·a−1) at an urban agglomeration in the reservoir region. Phosphorus fertiliser made the largest (63 %–64 %) contribution to NAPI in the reservoir region, but different compositions of the component determining NAPI were shown among the counties. The sensitive coefficient (2.36) of phosphorus fertiliser in the reservoir region was the largest, the sensitive coefficients and proportional contributions in counties also varied among the counties. The findings of this study showed that reducing the input of phosphorus fertiliser and improving the utilization rate of phosphorus are direct methods for reducing NAPI in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region. Furthermore, improving the methods of treating human domestic waste and sewage can alleviate the high input pressure of phosphorus. The spatial differentiation of NAPI in the analyzed counties was mainly affected by the increase in phosphorus fertiliser and gross output value of agriculture, along with increasing urbanization, population densification, and greater economic activity in Chongqing compared with the other counties. Moreover, the components, sensitivities, contributions and impact factors in the counties were heterogeneous due to socio-economic, agricultural, and geographical characteristics, so it might be more appropriate to formulate phosphorus management policies on a smaller county-based scale.

Power forecasting plays a crucial role in the operation of smart grid system, which is indispensable for making the operation plan of power system, improving economic efficiency and ensuring the quality of power supply. In order to enhance the accuracy of power load forecasting, a hybrid intelligent power load forecasting system is proposed in this paper. The system first preprocesses the raw data using Savitzky-Golay smoothing technology to eliminate noise and improve data quality. Then, a long and short term memory network with attention mechanism is used to enhance the generalization ability of the model. In addition, in order to further improve the prediction performance, an improved genetic algorithm is integrated to optimize the model parameters. Finally, a data set is used to verify the proposed prediction method. In terms of short-term forecasting ability of experiment of the testing data set, compared with LSTM model, the proposed method shows superior performance in root mean square error and mean absolute error indicators, with root mean square error reduced by 18.7 % and mean absolute error reduced by 26.2 %. In terms of long-term prediction ability of experiment of the testing data set, compared with GBRT model, the proposed method reduces root mean square error and mean absolute error by 24.8 % and 30.7 %, respectively. The experimental results show that compared with the existing benchmark algorithm, the proposed method is significantly improved in two key indexes of prediction accuracy, which proves its effectiveness and superiority in power load prediction.

Despite the associations of dietary patterns and air pollution with human reproductive health have been demonstrated, the interaction of maternal preconception diet and PM2.5 and its components exposure on in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment outcomes has not been investigated. A total of 2688 couples from an ongoing prospective cohort were included. Principle component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to determine dietary patterns. One-year and 85-day average PM2.5 and its components exposure levels before oocyte retrieval were estimated. Generalized linear regression models were conducted to assess the association of dietary patterns and PM2.5 and its components exposure with IVF outcomes. Interactive effects of dietary patterns on the association between PM2.5 and its components and IVF outcomes were evaluated by stratified analyses based on different dietary patterns. A positive association between the “Fruits-Vegetables-Dairy” pattern and normal fertilization (p-trend = 0.009), Day 3 available embryos (p-trend = 0.048), and top-quality embryos (p-trend = 0.041) was detected. Conversely, women with higher adherence to the “Puffed food-Bakery-Candy” pattern were less likely to achieve Day 3 available embryos (p-trend = 0.042) and top-quality embryos (p-trend = 0.030), clinical pregnancy (p-trend = 0.049), and live birth (p-trend = 0.020). Additionally, increased intake of animal organs and seafood improved the odds of live birth (p-trend = 0.048). Exposure to PM2.5, SO42-, organic matter (OM), and black carbon (BC) had adverse effects on embryo development and pregnancy outcomes. Furthermore, our findings indicated that the effects of PM2.5 components exposure on normal fertilization and embryo quality were modified by the “Grains-Tubers-Legumes”. Moreover, moderate intake of animal organs and seafood appeared to attenuate the effect of NO3- and NH4+ on the risk of early abortion. Our findings provide human evidence of the interaction between dietary patterns and PM2.5 exposure on IVF outcomes during preconception, implicating the potential for dietary interventions in infertile women to improve reproductive outcomes under conditions of unavoidable ambient air-pollutant exposure.

It is crucial to accurately identify whether a patient's reaction to food is a result of a Food Allergy (FA) or Food Intolerance (FI), as this will determine the appropriate diagnosis and management plan. Medical practitioners should rely on verified diagnoses when discussing the prevalence of these conditions. Currently, obtaining a patient's clinical history, performing a skin prick test (SPT) or measuring serum specific IgE levels are typically the initial steps in diagnosing allergies. Additional methods, such as component-resolved diagnostics, basophil activation test (BAT) and oral food challenge (OFC) may be used, if available, to confirm the allergen causing symptoms when the results of first-line tests are equivocal or contradictory with history. Determining the prevalence of sensitization profiles to different allergens, considering geographical characteristics, is important for developing personalized therapeutic and preventive measures for children. Periodic reassessment of patients with FA through allergy tests and oral food challenges will allow for the possibility of reintroducing previously avoided foods if they develop tolerance over time and improve their quality of life.