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Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores how the political ideal of data interacts with the legal entitlement of autonomy in the care of pregnant people guided by feminist theory and critical approaches to data. Using Scandinavian legislation and administrative practice, it analyses how the presence or absence of data, namely scientific evidence, interacts with pregnant people's legal autonomy in healthcare. Data –particularly scientific evidence - is shown as something that is not neutral but open to interpretation and misappropriation. First, administrative complaints illustrate that not only a lack of scientific studies on pregnant people but also patriarchal attitudes have implications for care. Second, Scandinavian legislation authorizes the involuntary detention of pregnant drug users despite an absence of evidence supporting such drastic actions. Third, complaints bodies are found to frame injury to pregnant bodies as a natural consequence of birth, despite clear evidence as to the duties of healthcare professionals in preventing harm. A relational approach that sees the pregnant body and fetus as integrated though quintessentially unequal is needed. Evidence is not the only answer; an approach that recognizes the dignity of pregnant people must be central. This requires eliminating coercion, recognizing the pregnant patient as the decision maker in healthcare choices and prizing the birthing patient's voice as a valuable data source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explains how conflicts of interest are addressed in equal employment opportunity (EEO) complaint processing in the U.S. Army. Topics discussed include legal framework for EEO discrimination complaints under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, role of the Army labor counselor in the EEO complaint process, conflict between Army regulation and the EEO-Management Directive 110, and the proposed optimal standard to reduce actual or perceived bias in complaint processing.

In criminal procedure, a "remedy" refers to a legal solution or course of action that is available to individuals who believe their rights have been violated during the criminal justice process. Remedies are designed to protect the rights of defendants and ensure that the criminal justice system operates fairly and in accordance with the law. Of course, the complaint as a regular legal remedy can be exercised within the specified legal deadlines and in the previous legal procedure. It's important to note that not all legal remedies follow these exact stages, and the specific procedures can vary based on the legal system and the type of case. Additionally, some legal issues may be resolved through administrative processes or through negotiation without ever entering the formal legal system. The judgments issued by the court, with which the party is dissatisfied and which have not yet taken the final form, are struck with legal means. The legal remedies are regulated by the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure and serve to exercise the legal remedy in case of dissatisfaction with the court's decision, therefore we can rightly conclude that the legal remedies are a kind of guarantee for the respect of the rights of the parties in the procedure. The purpose of this paper is to find, through research methods, how these legal remedies are regulated, the changes that have occurred in criminal legislation, their application in practice, where through comparative, statistical, normative and other methods, it will be more easy for us to reach correct conclusions. With the conviction that this work will bring innovation and be a summary for all those readers who intend to study this field in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the enforcement practices of the Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada (IIROC) and compares them with its predecessor, the Investment Dealers Association of Canada (IDA). The study collected data from IIROC's tribunal cases decided between June 2008 and December 2019 and compared them with data on the IDA's enforcement of complaints from 1984 to 2008. The findings reveal no statistically significant difference in the fines imposed by the two regulatory bodies. Furthermore, IIROC has refrained from issuing lenient penalties such as retaking examinations/courses or mandating terms and conditions for offenders. The results also indicate no significant impact on the number or distribution of offense types committed in the industry over time. Most notably, the Ontario Securities Commission, the Canadian Securities Regulators, and the new Self‐Regulatory Organization of Canada should consider these findings when formulating policies concerning the role of self‐regulation in the financial markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Abgaben-, Finanz- und Steuerrecht is the property of Verlag Oesterreich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study examines Japanese enactment, an interactional phenomenon wherein participants in conversation act out themselves or others by utilizing specific designs of lexis, grammar, and prosody, as well as body movements. While these enactments can often be observed when a speaker depicts what someone said, did, or thought in the past, this article explores hypothetical enactments. Unlike enactments that are designed as representing real utterances and/or body movements performed in the past, hypothetical enactments are designed with linguistic and contextual features that indicate that they are fictitious. The data were drawn from a collection of video-recorded ordinary conversations in Japanese. Employing Conversation Analysis as its analytical framework, this study focuses on how Japanese speakers use hypothetical enactments to respond to co-participants' complaints about a third party who is absent from an ongoing here-and-now interactional site (i.e., third-party complaints). The findings reveal that complaint recipients may produce hypothetical enactments as jokes or advice. When complaint recipients provide hypothetical enactments as jokes, they depict an improbable situation sarcastically. When complaint recipients provide hypothetical enactment as advice, they often demonstrate taking an alternative approach toward an antagonist. These enacted hypothetical scenarios may or may not be collaboratively extended by other participants, depending on how those participants treat the proposed scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is often claimed that complainers in sexual offence cases have an "automatic right to lifelong anonymity in UK law." While this is true in England, Wales and Northern Ireland – Scots law currently imposes no automatic restrictions on the identification of people who say they have been victims of rape and other sexual offences. Underpinned by a comparative analysis of twenty common law jurisdictions – including Ireland, India, Bangladesh, Singapore, Hong Kong, Canada, New Zealand and Australia – this article considers how complainer anonymity could and should be introduced in Scotland. This article is in three main parts. The first considers the reasons for granting anonymity to complainers in sexual cases. The second explores how complainer anonymity is realised in the laws of the twenty comparator jurisdictions considered in this study, and the key similarities and differences in their approaches to imposing reporting restrictions. Drawing on the experience of the # LetHerSpeak campaign in Australia, the third section considers critical design choices the Scottish Government faces in legislating for complainer anonymity, including decisions on when a right to anonymity accrues, what offences it applies to, and in what circumstances – and by whom – it can be waived or set aside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents an interview with Sara Ahmed, a feminist writer and independent scholar talking about testimonies from academics and students making complaints against universities. Topics include starting by a group of survivors of sexual violence within higher education being institutionally stopped from filing a complaint; and structures having in place for taking care of the physical and mental health during the times.

The article suggests ways to reduce taxation of judicial resources and ensure speedy justice in pro se prisoner civil rights litigation in the U.S. Topics discussed include the implication of the disorganization, illegibility and length of pro se prisoner civil rights petitions, efforts of some courts to support mediation for non-prisoner pro se litigants, and benefits of a buddy system wherein prisoners with better writing skills could assist the complainant in drafting complaints.