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Purpose: This study explored experiences of the management of challenging behaviours after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the acute hospital setting from the perspectives of family members. Materials and Methods: A qualitative, interpretive phenomenological approach was adopted involving semi-structured interviews with 10 family members. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis, with Ecological Systems Theory applied as a guiding framework to discuss findings and implications for practice. Results: Four primary themes were identified: 1) The hospital environment; 2) Hospital staffing; 3) Identifying and preventing triggers, and 4) Family support and information. Conclusions: This qualitative study highlights the need for further information, education, and support to families of patients with TBI in the acute setting. Further research investigating the implementation of best practice approaches for managing challenging behaviours practice in acute settings is needed to overcome the barriers of the hospital environment, inexperienced and inconsistent staffing, and difficulties identifying triggers within the acute hospital setting, experienced by families. Approaches for family involvement in behaviour management strategies, and facilitation of communication for people with TBI in the acute setting requires exploration. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Families reported the hospital environment, inexperienced and inconsistent staffing, and difficulty identifying triggers were challenges in effectively managing challenging behaviours after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the acute setting. Clinicians can support family involvement in preventative strategies with patients with TBI. Clinicians can enable quality of care by building rapport and providing compassionate care to patients with TBI. Families need more support and information during the acute stage of TBI in hospital settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interventions that build compassion for others may help increase social connectivity, combat loneliness, and promote positive adjustment in youth. However, limited research has examined the effects of this type of intervention on youth well-being. The goal of this small open pilot study was to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and outcomes of Inspiring Comfort, a 12-session group program in which youth learn and practice compassion, empathy, and helping others in distress. The program was implemented virtually during the COVID-19 pandemic with a sample of 10 students (ages 11 to 14) attending a non-profit special education school. Following the program, reductions in child-reported loneliness, depressive symptoms, and social anxiety were observed, along with increases in compassion for others and self-compassion. Students reported high satisfaction with the program, though challenges with the virtual format were noted. Findings suggest that a compassion-focused intervention may hold promise for addressing loneliness and internalising symptoms in youth, though randomised controlled trials with larger samples are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How and why does one become a revolutionary? And how and why do so many young bourgeois become revolutionaries? Exploring ego-documents, in particular diaries and autobiographies, this article analyses the self-portrait of the Italian revolutionary Left between the end of the nineteenth century and the First World War, and it shows how the primacy of the element of ethics and feelings was a key characteristic of the first anarchist and socialist communities. The most politically charged of these feelings was that of compassion, in an expanded concept that extends the concern for the suffering beyond purely one-to-one relationships into areas where group suffering becomes a political issue. Finally, the article explores how novels and poems helped cultivate these feelings, deeply shaping the mindset of militants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to consider the 'lifestyle medicine' approach to nursing, which focuses on patients with conditions that would benefit from a lifestyle nursing approach, supporting and empowering people to make lifestyle changes that would benefit their health. Lifestyle medicine in nursing is gaining momentum in the USA and could be a nursing leadership opportunity in the UK. This article explores the importance of lifestyle approaches to health care and why nurses have a pivotal role in the movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Method Results Conclusion Psychosis can be thought of as a threat‐based experience. Compassion has been shown to be effective in reducing threat, although highly distressed individuals may struggle to be self‐compassionate. This study explored the effects of compassionate interactions with staff on inpatients with psychosis.Experience Sampling Method (ESM) was used to investigate the relationships between compassion from staff and paranoia, voice hearing, distress related to psychosis experiences, affect and risk incidents in daily life. Twenty‐two service users residing on inpatient mental health wards took part. Baseline measures of compassion, fears of compassion and affect were taken. Participants completed ESM assessments 10 times per day, over 6 days.Compassion from staff was associated with a small increase in voice hearing, but was not associated with paranoia, paranoia‐related distress, voice‐related distress, negative affect, positive affect, or risk incidents in daily life. Baseline fears of compassion moderated the relationships between compassion from staff and some of the service user outcomes. For inpatients scoring low on fears of compassion, compassionate interactions were associated with increased positive affect and lower paranoia. However, for those scoring high on fears of compassion, this relationship was reversed, and compassionate interactions were associated with higher paranoia and lower positive affect.People with psychosis who have fears of compassion may benefit from receiving support to address these fears in order to experience the benefit from the compassion of staff. The results should be interpreted with caution due to the low number of observations and limited statistical power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Why you should read this article: • To be aware of the factors that can increase military veterans’ risk of mental health issues • To recognise the barriers to accessing support and treatment for harmful alcohol use among veterans • To consider how nurses could use a culturally competent compassionate approach when caring for veterans. Most military veterans adjust to civilian life successfully, but some may experience challenges related to their life before enlistment, their military service and/or their transition back to civilian life. These challenges can result in the development of mental health issues, including alcohol-related harm. Despite significant investment in veteran-specific healthcare services, some veterans delay or avoid accessing support for alcohol-related issues for various reasons related to military culture, perceptions of stigma and feelings of shame. Nurses are well placed to assist veterans to access support and/or to support their recovery by providing culturally competent compassionate care and interventions. This article provides an overview of alcohol use among veterans and explains some of the barriers to seeking treatment and support. The authors discuss concepts of self-compassion and consider how nurses can use a culturally competent compassionate approach to assist veterans to develop self-compassion through concepts that are acceptable to them. The authors also consider how nurses can enhance their cultural competence in this context through education and training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this qualitative study was to examine experiences and meanings of maternal ambivalence in first-time mothers with young children. Background: In contrast with normative expectations surrounding contemporary motherhood, there is growing recognition that becoming and being a mother involves ambivalent feelings, and that these feelings are normal and have positive psychological consequences. Yet, little attention has been paid to women's subjective experiences of maternal ambivalence, and capacity to acknowledge and manage ambivalent feelings. Methods: Eleven semi-structured online interviews, with first-time mothers, were conducted and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) methodology. Results: Two group experiential themes were identified: Crossing boundaries of acceptable mothering feelings and Mothering from a place of 'enough'. Ambivalent mothering feelings challenged participants' expectations about motherhood and themselves as mothers, producing anxiety, self-doubt and feelings of failure. Distress accompanying maternal ambivalence was especially acute when participants perceived their feelings to be unacceptable. Viewing conflicting feelings with compassion, however, helped participants to cope with their diverse and fluctuating emotional mothering experiences, allowing them to mother with a greater sense of equanimity, agency and competence. Conclusion: The study's findings indicate the potential benefits of providing information about the emotional turbulence of early motherhood as part of routine maternity care, as well as the potential value of offering parenting interventions that promote self-compassion to mothers struggling to manage feelings of ambivalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects on what we learnt about teaching geography during the COVID-19 pandemic. We interrogate how we, as geography educators working in different contexts, navigated the novel teaching spaces created during the pandemic using two key registers; courageous and compassionate pedagogies. Our premise is that understanding in more nuanced form the approaches we took to creating courageous and compassionate education during the pandemic may help geography educators to thrive when delivering future-facing education. Our approach was to write and share vignettes of our pandemic teaching upon which we (asynchronously) collectively reflected; creating emergent themes described in this paper. This approach to structured peer learning derives from our commitment to education as a collective endeavour. We argue that the disruption caused by the early pandemic required geography educators to focus attention explicitly on areas previously taken as given. Geography educators slowed down by: (1) recognising educator and student embodiment in a novel context; (2) prioritising listening, acknowledging and sharing with students; and (3) paying attention to and respecting difference amongst learners and colleagues. We propose that consciously adopting these approaches will support geography educators and their students in rapidly changing circumstances across educational, employment and climate contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To identify strategies which support the implementation of interventions to promote compassionate nursing care with a focus on interventions designed to support improved patient outcomes and/or patient experience in acute hospitals. Methods: An integrative review using the PRISMA guidelines and a 5‐stage framework consisting of problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis and presentation. CINAHL, Embase, Medline, PsychInfo and Web of Science were systematically searched using key search terms. Hand searches were conducted of the reference lists of eligible articles and searching key journals. Results: Six articles met the inclusion criteria with six different interventions described. A thematic analysis of the findings identified three key themes relating to the implementation of interventions which promote compassionate nursing care: (1) the importance of evidence; (2) support for nursing development; and (3) planning for and leading implementation. Conclusion: Compassionate care improves quality of life, the hospital experience and overall recovery. Strong nursing leadership and a supportive team environment are facilitators for delivery of compassionate care in acute settings. Excessive workload, overly rigid reporting and organisational indifference are barriers to delivery of compassionate care. Implications for nursing policy: Health policy is used to inform the systematic implementation and delivery of patient care informed by best evidence. Health setting, environment and culture are important facets of the implementation of a compassionate care framework. Furthermore, nurse engagement, teamwork and nurse leadership are key facilitators for delivery of compassionate care in acute hospital settings. These findings need to be taken into consideration by policy makers and nursing leaders when designing and implementing compassionate care interventions. Implications for nursing policy: Implementing interventions to improve compassionate nursing care can be challenging. This review identified the factors which should be considered by policy makers when implementing these interventions systematically throughout the healthcare system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To determine whether nurses' personality traits impact their levels of compassion fatigue. Backgrounds: Compassion fatigue has become one of nursing literature's most discussed and investigated topics. Although some nurses working in the same environment and under similar conditions are more resistant to compassion fatigue, some are at risk of it. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with 451 nurses selected using a simple random sampling method in Turkey. Data were collected using web‐based online survey forms between February and April 2022. A questionnaire form regarding personal traits and professional characteristics, the Compassion Fatigue‐Short Scale, and Basic Personality Traits Inventory were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t‐test, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The nurses' compassion fatigue was moderate, and personality traits were found to be agreeableness, conscientiousness, and extraversion, respectively. There was a negative correlation between compassion fatigue and personality traits of extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience, yet a positive correlation with neuroticism and negative valence. According to the regression analysis, nurses' personality traits were effective on compassion fatigue by 21.9%. The personality trait of extraversion had a negative impact on compassion fatigue, and neuroticism had a positive impact. Conclusion: This study identified a correlation between nurses' personality traits and compassion fatigue, suggesting that certain personality traits can be predictive factors of compassion fatigue. The limited number of studies discussing personality traits and compassion fatigue together increases the importance of the current study, which may shed light on future studies to be conducted on similar topics. Implications for nursing and other policies: This study has important implications for nurse managers. Nurse managers can predict whether they may experience compassion fatigue based on their personality traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work-related violence exposure has been identified as one of the risk factors for social workers' turnover intention, but little is known about its underlying mechanisms. This study aims to distinguish compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue from a dual perspective and investigate the mediating effects of these two co-existing constructs in the relationship between work-related violence exposure and turnover intention. A sample of 1023 Chinese social workers in H city, China (mean age = 36.24 years, SD = 7.11) is obtained by multistage cluster random sampling. Findings demonstrate that the relationship between work-related violence exposure and turnover intention is partially mediated by compassion satisfaction (b = 0.023, 95% CI [0.007, 0.045]) and compassion fatigue (b = 0.139, 95% CI [0.093, 0.187]). The present study clarifies two influencing paths between work-related violence exposure and turnover intention, adding knowledge to the social work profession. Practical implications for reducing turnover intention are suggested in the social work setting. Practice Points: Organizations and managers are encouraged to create a safe working environment and establish a monitoring system that can respond sensitively and rapidly to violence. On the organizational level, fostering a compassionate organizational culture is especially encouraged. On the individual level, self-care programs can be introduced and implemented in China to benefit social workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black women overcome various social and structural obstacles while advancing to leadership positions. The purpose of this study is to understand the lived experiences of Black women leaders as they rose to the leadership position. We used the grounded theory method to analyze the lived experiences of n = 12 Black women leaders working in nonprofit organizations, from a broader sampled study from 2017–2018, using semi-structured interviews, in rural East Texas. Based on our analyses, Black women's leadership trajectory centered around intergenerational leadership development, leadership values, and other's perception of Black woman in leadership. The themes generated show that Black women have remarkable resilience in a service-driven leadership ideology grounded in faith, family, community support, and the collective identity of being a Black woman. Generating intentional leadership pathways for strong and compassionate next-generation of Black women leaders and mentors is essential for development and sustainability of nonprofit human service organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conducted a cross-sectional survey measuring the extent and nature of neighborhood participation regarding serious illness, death and loss and the factors that are associated with it. We distributed the survey to 2324 adult citizens in two neighborhoods in Flanders, Belgium, to which 714 citizens responded (response rate 30.7%). Of the respondents, 42.4% participated in at least one action in their neighborhood around serious illness, death, or loss, for 30.8% of them this participation was sporadic. Most of the respondents participated by helping neighbors (32.4%) or by volunteering (10.3%). We found a positive association between perceived neighborhood social cohesion (β = 0.100; CI = 0.003-0.040), previous experiences with serious illness, death, and loss (β = 0.158; CI = 0.204-0.586) and neighborhood participation around serious illness, death and loss. Future research should investigate strategies on how to move from death literacy developed through illness, caregiving and bereavement experiences to neighborhood participation around these topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Critical care nurses are expected to work with patients who present with a wide range of health problems, but may lack sufficient education, skill development, and resources needed for providing psychosocial cancer care. Objective: The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of nononcologic critical care nurses' experience working with patients and their families affected by cancer. Method: A phenomenological qualitative study using semistructured interviews was conducted with 15 nononcologic critical care nurses. Colaizzi's 7-stepmethodology was followed for data analysis and interpretation of findings. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim, the narrative data were analyzed and coded, and themes were identified that were confirmed by participants. Results: Four themes emerged from the nurses' narratives: lack of professional preparation refers to the perceived lack of education, skill development, and resources; collaboration and teamwork pertain to the importance of communication and moral support; being present expresses their perceived role in providing compassionate care; and nurtured empathy reflects the impact of cancer care on the nurses. Discussion: The narratives provide insight into the experience and perceptions of the nononcologic critical care nurses caring for patients with cancer. Information from the themes and narratives can be used to informthe development of knowledge and skills for nononcologic nurses who provide care to patients with cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although clinical social work seeks to center the transformative potential of human relationships, practitioners are experiencing heightened systemic and organizational impingements from the dehumanizing pressures of neoliberalism. Neoliberalism and racism diminish the vitality and transformative potential of human relationships, disproportionately affecting Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) communities. Practitioners are also experiencing increased stress and burnout related to increased caseloads and decreased professional autonomy and organizational practitioner support. Holistic, culturally responsive, and anti-oppressive processes seek to counter these oppressive forces but need further development to synthesize antioppressive structural understandings with embodied relational interactions. Practitioners can potentially contribute to efforts that apply critical theories and antioppressive understandings within their practice and workplace. Through an iterative flow of three sets of practices, the RE/UN/DIScover heuristic supports practitioners' efforts to respond in those challenging everyday moments where oppressive forms of power are imposed and embedded within systemic processes. With themselves and other colleagues, practitioners engage in compassionate REcover practices; use curious, critical reflection to UNcover full understandings of power dynamics, impacts, and meanings; and draw on creative courage to DIScover and enact socially just and humanizing responses. This paper describes how practitioners can use the RE/UN/DIScover heuristic in two common challenging moments of clinical practice: systemic practice impingements and implementing a new training or practice model. The heuristic seeks to support practitioners' efforts to preserve and expand socially just, relational spaces for themselves and those with whom they work within the context of systemic dehumanizing neoliberal forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The raison d'être for psychotherapy1 is to address individual suffering and distress. The sustainable development goals address suffering and distress on a global scale in the context of threats to the survival of our communities and planet. Objective: We propose scaling up therapeutic principles for collective impact and nurturing therapist commitment beyond the therapy room, to activate and sustain compassion‐in‐action at the community system level. Design: The SDGs represent the strength of collective human concern and action coming together. At the half‐way point, we are falling dangerously short of our targets, requiring an urgent response. The tenet of this paper is that the weakest link in our journey is not technical capability or finances, or even the impact of multiple intersecting crises, but our ability to collaborate for sustained action—it is the human factor—hence, we need a psychologically informed response. Method: Notably, least 'visible' is SDG17, the umbrella goal designated means of implementation, through partnership. Partnership has been treated as a transactional element of SDG projects, rather than the vital heartbeat connecting daily actions to the 2030 vision. Partnership is about investing in relationships and a commitment to working together with a common purpose—the bailiwick of psychological therapists. Results: We propose an architecture to support the development of courageous partnerships and compassionate systems. Conclusion: Compassion uniquely potentiates global action on wicked problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sense of responsibility can play an important role in the behavior of college students involved in cyberbullying incidents. Research on the relationship between the sense of responsibility and bystander behavior in cyberbullying is limited. This study examined the relationship between the sense of responsibility and prosocial cyberbystander behavior in cyberbullying, focusing on investigating compassion as a mediator and moral emotions (i.e., moral outrage and moral disgust) as a moderator in this relation. A total of 1,114 Chinese college students (35.4% female), aged from 18 to 23 years (M = 19.55, SD = 1.05), completed an online questionnaire. Results showed that compassion played a partial mediating role in the relationship between the sense of responsibility and prosocial cyberbystander behavior. Moral outrage moderated the relationship between the sense of responsibility and prosocial cyberbystander behavior. Specifically, among participants with higher levels of moral outrage, the relationships between the sense of responsibility and prosocial cyberbystander behavior became much weaker. These results provide a new direction for promoting prosocial cyberbystander behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There has been an increase in children and young people attending emergency departments for mental health reasons, including self‐harm. Patients often report having poor experiences when attending emergency departments for mental health support. However, there has yet to be a review exploring the experiences of young people. Our aim in this study was to synthesise qualitative literature on young people's experiences of going to emergency departments for mental health support. Methods: A systematic review and metasynthesis were conducted. Five databases and grey literature were searched for relevant studies. Five articles met study criteria and were analysed using an iterative process of thematic synthesis. Results: The synthesis yielded four overarching themes: (a) emergency departments' inability to meet the mental health needs of young people, (b) emergency departments exacerbating patient distress, (c) patients feeling like a burden or undeserving of treatment and (d) consequences of poor emergency department experiences. Conclusions: These findings (based on a still very limited literature) highlight the role that emergency departments have in relation to being a key point of contact with young people who self‐harm. To properly engage with patients, emergency departments need to have the resources to provide compassionate care and follow clinical guidelines regarding assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the study was to develop recommendations for creating a healthy work environment based on current literature for nurses working within the US Military Health System (MHS). However, our findings would likely benefit other nursing populations and environments as well. Design: Systematic literature review. Data Sources: We conducted a systematic literature search for articles published between January 2010 until January 2024 from five databases: PubMed, Joanna Briggs, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus. Methods: Articles were screened, selected and extracted using Covidence software. Article findings were synthesized to create recommendations for the development, implementation and measurement of healthy work environments. Results: Ultimately, a total of 110 articles met the criteria for inclusion in this review. The articles informed 13 recommendations for creating a healthy work environment. The recommendations included ensuring teamwork, mentorship, job satisfaction, supportive leadership, nurse recognition and adequate staffing and resources. Additionally, we identified strategies for implementing and measuring these recommendations. Conclusions: This thorough systematic review created actionable recommendations for the creation of a healthy work environment. Based on available evidence, implementation of these recommendations could improve nursing work environments. Impact: This study identifies methods for implementing and measuring aspects of a healthy work environment. Nurse leaders or others can implement the recommendations provided here to develop healthy work environments in their hospitals, clinics or other facilities where nurses practice. Reporting Method: PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a behaviour many counselling psychologists encounter in practice, and the way clinician's respond can have an important impact on the individual's experience of recovery. The person-centred NSSI recovery framework incorporates the voices of lived experience in understanding the multi-faceted nature of recovery. Objectives: This paper outlines important considerations for how the recovery framework can guide clinicians with respect to both therapeutic stance and intervention targets in order to support clients in navigating their experience of NSSI and recovery. Implications: Clinicians should adopt a strengths-based approach and foster self-efficacy and self-compassion with persons with lived experience. This paper provides specific recommendations for counselling psychologists and their clients, including encouraging clinicians to avoid making assumptions about the causes, meanings, and outcomes of self-injury, and to be cognizant of the non-linear nature of the recovery process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Religion/spirituality has been linked to virtue development across individuals, but most of this evidence is derived from decontextualized one-time survey studies. We employed a three-wave experience sampling study to examine whether Ramadan heightens Muslim American adolescents' connectedness to Allah, inhibitory self-control, initiatory self-control, patience, and compassion within individuals. Adolescents (N = 202) were prompted to complete three daily surveys for a week before, during, and after Ramadan each. Results indicated that adolescents grew more connected to Allah and exhibited greater inhibitory self-control, initiatory self-control, and patience in their daily lives from pre-Ramadan to Ramadan, with continued elevated effects for initiatory self-control and patience – but not for inhibitory self-control – after Ramadan. In contrast, adolescents reported high levels of daily compassion before and during Ramadan, but lower levels after Ramadan. Our findings emphasized the importance of disentangling within- and between-person effects and have implications for virtue theories and the design of intervention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Mindfulness, self‐compassion and compassion for others are often studied among clients seeking psychotherapy. Psychotherapists are also at risk of developing psychological difficulties given that the profession is demanding and can put psychological and emotional pressures on therapists. The aim of this study was to examine (a) the relationship between mindfulness, self‐compassion and compassion for others and (b) whether self‐compassion will mediate the effects of mindfulness on compassion for others. Method: This was a cross‐sectional study conducted among a sample of 152 psychotherapists registered with the Irish Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy in Ireland. Results: Our analysis found a significant relationship between mindfulness, self‐compassion and compassion for others. Mediation analysis showed that the indirect effects of mindfulness on compassion for others was through self‐compassion. We entered age and gender into our model, but they had no impact on the mediated relationship. Conclusion: Findings from this study provide preliminary support for a proposed sequential model, suggesting that mindfulness enhances self‐compassion, which, in turn, can improve compassion for others. Psychotherapists and psychotherapy bodies are recommended to utilise strategies that can improve psychotherapists' mindfulness skills, such as the mindfulness self‐compassion programme and compassion‐focussed therapy, and their capacity for self‐compassion, which can contribute to their ability to develop compassion for the client. Given the limitations of the design of the study, future longitudinal research will enable us to document the directionality of the effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: A core component of compassion‐focussed therapy (CFT) is imagery. This study aimed to explore the experiences of 'compassionate other' imagery practice in individuals with social anxiety. Method: Eight individuals were interviewed about their experiences of the imagery practice as part of CFT in NHS primary care services, and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: Three group experiential themes were identified as follows: uncovering obstacles and resistances, revealing compassionate other qualities and imagery as a vehicle to self‐discovery. Conclusions: The results highlighted not only the challenges in developing and utilising an imaginal caring figure but also the benefits of self‐discovery, specifically in terms of identifying unmet emotional needs. Links between the themes and processes underpinning the results are explored in relation to the existing theories and literature. Clinical implications and suggestions for further research are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patient participation is fundamental in nursing care and has yielded benefits for patient outcomes. However, despite their compassionate care approach, nurses do not always incorporate patients' needs and wish into evidence‐based practice, quality improvement or learning activities. Therefore, a shift to continuous quality improvement based on evidence‐based practice is necessary to enhance the quality of care. The patient's opinion is an essential part of this process. To establish a more sustainable learning culture for evidence‐based quality improvement, it is crucial that nurses learn alongside their patients. However, to promote this, nurses require a deeper understanding of patients' care preferences. Objective: To explore patients' needs and wishes towards being involved in care processes that nurses can use in developing an evidence‐based quality improvement learning culture. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in two hospital departments and one community care team. In total, 18 patients were purposefully selected for individual semi‐structured interviews with an average of 15 min. A framework analysis based on the fundamental of care framework was utilised to analyse the data deductively. In addition, inductive codes were added to patients' experiences beyond the framework. For reporting this study, the SRQR guideline was used. Results: Participants needed a compassionate nurse who established and sustained a trusting relationship. They wanted nurses to be present and actively involved during the care delivery. Shared decision‐making improved when nurses offered fair, clear and tailored information. Mistrust or a disrupted nurse–patient relationship was found to be time‐consuming and challenging to restore. Conclusions: Results confirmed the importance of a durable nurse–patient relationship and showed the consequences of nurses' communication on shared decision‐making. Insights into patients' care preferences are essential to stimulate the development of an evidence‐based quality improvement learning culture within nursing teams and for successful implementation processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Recovery from sexual trauma can be complex and multi‐faceted. Most current psychological treatment protocols for trauma use a cognitive model of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, sexual trauma may include specific complexities beyond that of a cognitive model of PTSD, such as relational factors. The distress experienced after sexual abuse may involve variables not exclusive to a PTSD model. Compassion focused therapy (CFT) is an approach that incorporates evolutionary, relational and social perspectives. This study explored the relationships between variables associated with CFT, PTSD and distress in survivors of sexual abuse to determine the role of CFT‐related variables. Methods: 155 adults who had experienced sexual abuse or any unwanted sexual experience at any point in their lives completed online questionnaires pertaining to various CFT variables (self‐compassion, receiving compassion from others, having a fear of compassion from others, having a fear of compassion from the self, shame and self‐criticism) and questionnaires measuring global distress as the outcome of sexual abuse and PTSD symptoms. Results: An exploratory model involving CFT‐related variables explained significantly more of the variance (4.4%) in global distress than PTSD symptomology alone. Self‐criticism was found to be the variable with significant contribution. Conclusions: That CFT treatments, targeting self‐criticism, should be developed alongside the standard cognitive model of PTSD based treatments for survivors of sexual abuse was supported. Future research may explore experimental designs utilizing CFT in this population, as well as further investigations on the roles of these specific CFT variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1993, the British Journal of Clinical Psychology published my paper titled 'Defence and safety: Their function in social behaviour and psychopathology'. The paper highlights that to understand people's sensitivity to threat, we also need to understand their ability to identify what is safe. This paper offers an update on these concepts, highlighting distinctions that were implicit but not clearly defined at the time. Hence, the paper seeks to clarify distinctions between: (i) threat detection and response, (ii) safety and safety seeking, (iii) safeness and (iv) their social and non‐social functions and forms. Threat detection and response are to prevent or minimize harm (e.g., run from a predator or fire). Safety checking relates to monitoring for the absence and avoidance of threat, while safety seeking links to the destination of the defensive behaviour (e.g., running home). Safety seeking also relates to maintaining vigilance to the appearance of potential harms and doing things believed to avoid harm. Threat‐defending and safety checking and seeking are regulated primarily through evolved threat processing systems that monitor the nature, presence, controllability and/or absence of threat (e.g., amygdala and sympathetic nervous system). Safeness uses different monitoring systems via different psychophysiological systems (e.g., prefrontal cortex, parasympathetic system) for the presence of internal and external resources that support threat‐coping, risk‐taking, resource exploration. Creating brain states that recruit safeness processing can impact how standard evidence‐based therapies (e.g., exposure, distress tolerance and reappraisal) are experienced and produce long‐term change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focuses on ego-focused self-image goals as central to understanding the vulnerability inherent in perfectionism and the link that perfectionism has with poorer health and emotional well-being. The present study expands theory and research on perfectionism from a unique motivational perspective through a longitudinal investigation of perfectionism, the pursuit of self-image goals related to self-improvement, and mental and physical health among 187 university students. Our central finding was that trait and self-presentational perfectionism were associated longitudinally with self-image goals and poorer mental and physical health. Longitudinal analyses showed that perfectionistic self-presentation predicted subsequent self-image goals, controlling for initial self-image goals. Additionally, self-image goals were associated with worse mental and physical health and greater loneliness and social anxiety. Collectively, our results illustrate the benefits of assessing problematic personal goals in perfectionism and the need to revise existing motivational accounts by recognizing the important role ego-involved goals play in guiding much of what perfectionists do and how they act in their daily lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the sense of community responsibility concept, we explore the enterprise policy ecosystem in an extensive qualitative study of Scotland. We present a processual model which explains how policies are shaped in an on‐going dynamic through street‐level managers' individual agency. Our findings reveal that driving the process is an interplay between personal motives (compassion, relational strength, esteem, coherence) with a social frame of reference (policy group, locality, public organization) which is based on embeddedness within specific policy contexts. This interplay guides how managers translate policy as either an opportunity or a threat which then directs how they enact their discretion to adapt, advocate change, or resist implementation. This process offers an explanation as to how situated value is created for specific policy areas within public service ecosystems. The implications are discussed in relation to the existing literature on policy implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses the Ubuntu paradigms to reflect on the ways in which community-level values and frameworks can be recognised, strengthened and used to promote children's welfare. We present a literature review and documented practical examples from African Ubuntu communities in Global South that strongly emphasise the collectivist approach in their ways of life. With a further examination of the Ubuntu philosophy, we identify common values and patterns that can be instrumental in fostering child welfare. These are volunteerism, solidarity, vigilance, morality and hospitality. We underline these informal standards as not only crucial to social workers providing interventions for children that belong to families and communities that are interdependent in nature, but as well present an Ubuntu social work model that can be a benchmark for social work practice with children and families in multicultural communities in Global North. The result is the humanisation of child protection systems and the development and strengthening of informal community protection networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two studies examined whether label preferences (survivor, victim, neither/other/both) and past assault experience (assaulted or not assaulted) are related to compassion for others, self-compassion, rape myth acceptance, and cognitive distortions surrounding rape. Findings indicate that a preference for a victim label is related to more negative outcomes (e.g., propensity to victim-blame, less compassion for others) compared to those advocating for a survivor label or falling into a neither/other/both category. Furthermore, those who experienced sexual assault have significantly lower self-compassion compared to those who do not experience sexual assault. Implications for the impact of labels are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines the influence of inspiring role model (IRM), social entrepreneurship (SE) compassion, and the SE education and their interactions and consequences for nascent SE behaviour. Utilizing a quantitative survey approach, the study acquired a total of 136 valid responses from nascent social entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia. The data analysis through partial least square structural equation modelling (SmartPLS 3.0) revealed that IRM exposure has an impact on nascent SE behaviour, and that SE compassion is a valid predictor of nascent SE behaviour. SE education was observed to have an indirect impact on nascent SE behaviour through SE compassion, while its direct effects on nascent SE behaviour were not proven. Meanwhile, SE compassion was determined to not be a mediator of the effects of IRM on nascent SE behaviour. The study generates several academic and managerial implications while providing a framework for furthering research on SE behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjectivesMethodResultsConclusionCertified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) are responsible for 80–90% of direct-to-resident care in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), and may develop close, family-like relationships with their residents. With SNFs becoming a common place of death for older adults, CNAs now find themselves engaging in end-of-life caregiving with limited training and institutional support for emotional outcomes. This study aimed to understand and evaluate the relations between bereavement, death exposure, and compassion fatigue among CNAs, hypothesizing that (a) experiential avoidance moderates the relation between death exposure and negative death attitudes and (b) death attitudes moderate the relation between death exposure and compassion fatigue.One hundred and ten CNAs across all shifts from four skilled nursing facilities in the southeastern United States participated in surveys and, potentially, focus groups.Results failed to find support for death exposure being related either to experiential avoidance or negative death attitudes. However, results supported the relation between negative death attitudes and compassion fatigue.Implications highlight the need to develop interventions focusing on palliative skills-based training and emotional support of CNAs in their role as end-of-life caregivers. By reducing compassion fatigue, it may be possible to decrease job turnover and increase quality-of-care for residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Compassionate communities have been put forward as a promising model for community-based support for people facing serious illness, caregiving, dying, and loss. In particular, educational institutions are increasingly acknowledged as potential settings to function as compassionate schools and compassionate workplaces, cultivating acceptance and validation of these experiences beyond the university setting. Objectives: This paper investigates the activities and outcomes of a compassionate community initiative—the Compassionate University program at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel in Belgium. Design: Ripple Effects Mapping was used to guide the focus group and individual interviews conducted with core team members responsible for the development and implementation of the Compassionate University program. Methods: During the focus group and individual interviews, the core team members reflected on the program contributions, with their narratives visually depicted via a hand-drawn mind map. Qualitative data derived from this mind map were entered into XMIND mapping software and fine-tuned based on the focus group and individual interview transcripts and additional project records. Results: Thematic analysis identified four outcome areas that encapsulate the key contributions of the Compassionate University program: (i) increased acceptance and integration of topics such as serious illness, death, and bereavement into existing practices; (ii) broader support for and formalization of compassionate procedures and policies; (iii) emergence of informal networks and internal collaboration on the topics; and (iv) diffusion of compassionate ideas beyond the university. Conclusion: The Compassionate University program facilitates a cultural shift within the university environment, fostering greater acceptance of integrating topics such as serious illness, death, and bereavement into existing practices. Additionally, compassionate procedures and policies for students and staff have been formalized, and core team members are increasingly called upon to provide support on these matters. Notably, Compassionate University stands out as one of the pioneering initiatives in Europe, attracting different educational institutions seeking guidance on cultivating a more compassionate environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) entails physical, psychological, and social burden and holds a significant impact on quality of life. Experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion, shame, and self-criticism have been identified as possible therapeutic targets for improving mental health in people with IBD. Traditional face-to-face psychological therapy continues to provide obstacles for patients seeking assistance. Online psychological therapies centered on acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion have been shown to improve psychological distress in other populations. Objective: This paper presents the study protocol of a two-arm Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) of an ACT and compassion-based, online intervention -- eLIFEwithIBD - on the improvement of psychological distress, quality of life, work and social functioning, IBD symptom perception, illness-related shame, psychological flexibility, and self-compassion. Methods: The eLIFEwithIBD intervention is an adaptation of the LIFEwithIBD programme (delivered through an in-person group format) and entails an ACT, mindfulness, and compassion-based intervention designed to be delivered as an e-health tool for people with IBD. This protocol outlines the structure and contents of the eLIFEwithIBD intervention. Participants were recruited by an advertisement on the social media platforms of Portuguese Associations for IBD in January 2022. A psychologist conducted a brief interview with 80 patients who were interested in participating. Fifty-five participants were selected and randomly assigned to one of two conditions [experimental group (eLIFEwithIBD + medical TAU; n = 37) or control group (medical TAU; n = 18)]. Outcome measurement took place at baseline, post-intervention, and 4-month followup. All analyses are planned as intent-to-treat (ITT). Results: The eLIFEwithIBD intervention is expected to empower people with IBD by fostering psychological strategies that promote illness adjustment and well-being and prevent subsequent distress. The eLIFEwithIBD aims to gain a novel and better understanding of the role of online contextual behavioral interventions on improving the quality of life and mental health of people with IBD. Clinical Trial Registration: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05405855, NCT05405855. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While a compassionate face for Germans mirrors others’ suffering, for U.S. Americans, a compassionate face is one that expresses a slight smile, partly because U.S. Americans want to avoid feeling negative (“avoided negative affect”; ANA) more than do Germans. The present work examines what people in a non-WEIRD (i.e. Chinese) cultural context think a compassionate face looks like. Additionally, it investigates whether an individually-measured cultural variable (i.e. ANA) can explain differences in conceptualisations of compassion between Chinese and U.S. Americans. Participants in China and the U.S. selected the face that most resembles a compassionate face in a reverse correlation task and completed a measure of ANA. As predicted, Chinese mental representations of a compassionate face included more sadness and less happiness compared to U.S. American mental representations of a compassionate face, and Chinese participants wanted to avoid feeling negative less than did U.S. Americans. Finally, ANA mediated the cultural differences in conceptualisations of compassion. We discuss how ANA and conceptualisations of compassion might be related to how people view the experience versus the expression of different emotions. This work has important implications for therapeutic settings and the meaning of compassion in an increasingly globalised and connected world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Geriatric fracture is a pressing global health issue, marked by elevated mortality and morbidity rates and escalating health care costs. The evolving health care system from fee-for-service to quality-based reimbursement has led to externally driven reward and reimbursement systems that may not account for the complexity of caring for older adults with fracture. Significance: The aim of this review is to highlight the need for a shift towards meaningful metrics that impact geriatric fracture care and to issue a call to action for all medical societies to advocate for national reimbursement and ranking systems that focus on metrics that truly matter. Results: Traditional metrics, while easier to capture, may not necessarily represent high quality care and may even have unintentional adverse consequences. For example, the focus on reducing length of stay may lead to older patients being discharged too early, without adequately addressing pain, constipation, or delirium. In addition, a focus on mortality may miss the opportunity to deliver compassionate end-of-life care. Existing geriatric fracture care metrics have expanded beyond traditional metrics to include assessment by geriatricians, fracture prevention, and delirium assessments. However, there is a need to further consider and develop patient-focused metrics. The Age-Friendly Health Initiative (4 Ms), which includes Mobility, Medication, Mentation, and what Matters is an evidence-based framework for assessing and acting on critical issues in the care of older adults. Additional metrics that should be considered include an assessment of nutrition and secondary fracture prevention. Conclusion: In the realm of geriatric fracture care, the metrics currently employed often revolve around adherence to established guidelines and are heavily influenced by financial considerations. It is crucial to shift the paradigm towards metrics that truly matter for geriatric fracture patients, recognizing the multifaceted nature of their care and the profound impact these fractures have on their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper begins with an investigation of Nishida Kitarō’s discussion of love in Zen no Kenkyū. Nishida claims that love is a deep union of subject and object, where the self is casted off and unites with the other. In other words, love is the expression of the self dissolving into the other, in which the self negates itself in order to further the other’s awakening to no-self. This paper then argues that we can carve out an account of forgiveness based on Nishida’s view of love. That if forgiveness is a practice of a higher form of love, then love, as the groundwork of a self-contradictory standpoint, is nothing other than the practice of forgiveness, and forgiveness is nothing other than repeated acts of love. Contemporary human life is one of co-existence, but conflict and divisions seem to be more of the rule of the day, which speaks to the importance of recovering the lost art of forgiveness. This paper seeks to re-assert forgiveness, as drawn from Nishida’s view of love, in the attempt to heal and address the fragmentation that prevents dialogue between warring factions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This Practice Update discusses the potential for implementation of the 4M model for care of older adults in Israel, to complement the medical-centric model that exists today. The older adult population in Israel is increasing. However, efficient and sufficient care that takes patient's wishes into consideration is lacking. Purpose: Care of older adults, particularly palliative patients, is complex and requires multidisciplinary efforts. There are numerous challenges to caring for older adults. These include fragmentation of care, unclear boundaries between palliative and geriatric care, and the preservation of patient autonomy, indicating a need to adopt new care frameworks. Conclusion: The authors suggest implementing the 4M model as a new care framework in addition to the current medical-centric model. This framework considers important care aspects during discussions of care: what matters to the patient, medication, mentation, and mobility. Implementation of this model can promote better-integrated care, thus improving the quality of life for older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]