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Applying the concept of diaspora, this paper examines an organization in Kampala, Uganda that utilizes sport to foster cultural belonging and increase livelihood opportunities for refugees. A participatory action research approach was implemented with multiple forms of data collection including semistructured interviews, photovoice, and photocollaging. Findings highlight how sport and livelihoods are used by refugees to resist exclusion and other inequalities in Kampala and to express diaspora space and consciousness. Discussion highlights the usefulness of the concept of diaspora for understanding the intersections of sport, refugees, livelihoods, and, more importantly, to stimulate a homing desire for refugees forcibly displaced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundLittle is known about trauma and its mental health impact on Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders (NH/PI), an understudied Indigenous-colonized population that endures severe mental health disparities.AimsThis novel investigation assessed trauma prevalence and its mental health and substance use correlates in NH/PIs in the U.S.MethodUsing community-based participatory research methods, survey data on NH/PI trauma, depression, anxiety, substance use, and treatment need were collected from 306 NH/PI adults using online, telephone, and in-person methods. Descriptive statistics and adjusted regression models were employed.ResultsSixty-nine percent of participants experienced lifetime trauma, reporting mean exposure to 2.5 different trauma types. Childhood physical and sexual abuse, and lifetime forced sexual assault rates were 34%, 25%, and 27%, respectively, exceeding general population rates. Women and men reported equivalent total mean exposure to different trauma types, as well as equal prevalence for every trauma type examined (e.g. sexual abuse/assault). Confirming hypotheses, after controlling for key demographic and mental health risk factors, increased exposure to multiple trauma types uniquely associated with greater depression, anxiety, alcohol symptomology, and greater likelihood for needing treatment and using illicit substances.ConclusionsTrauma is prevalent in NH/PI populations and significantly impacts NH/PI mental health; serving as an important but overlooked contributor to NH/PI mental health disparities. Current findings fill critical gaps in our knowledge of NH/PI trauma and mental health while revealing the importance of screening and treating NH/PIs for trauma exposure to alleviate existing mental health disparities.

Background: Climate change, increasing recognition of institutionalized discrimination, and the COVID-19 pandemic are large-scale, societal events (ie, forces of change) that affect the timing, settings, and modes of youth physical activity. Despite the impact that forces of change have on youth physical activity and physical activity environments, few studies consider how they affect physical activity promotion. Methods: The authors use 2 established frameworks, the ecological model of physical activity and the youth physical activity timing, how, and setting framework, to highlight changes in physical activity patterns of youth in North America that have resulted from contemporary forces of change. Results: North American countries—Canada, Mexico, and the United States—have faced similar but contextually different challenges for promoting physical activity in response to climate change, increasing recognition of institutionalized discrimination, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Innovative applications of implementation science, digital health technologies, and community-based participatory research methodologies may be practical for increasing and sustaining youth physical activity in response to these forces of change. Conclusions: Thoughtful synthesis of existing physical activity frameworks can help to guide the design and evaluation of new and existing physical activity initiatives. Researchers, practitioners, and policymakers are encouraged to carefully consider the intended and unintended consequences of actions designed to respond to forces of change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveThe vast majority of the 300 000 pregnancy-related deaths every year occur in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Increased access to quality antepartum and intrapartum care can reduce pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. We used a population-based cross-sectional cohort design to: (1) examine the sociodemographic risk factors and structural barriers associated with pregnancy care-seeking and institutional delivery, and (2) investigate the influence of residential distance to the nearest primary health facility in a rural population in Mali.MethodsA baseline household survey of Malian women aged 15-49 years was conducted between December 2016 and January 2017, and those who delivereda baby in the 5 years preceding the survey were included. This study leverages the baseline survey data from a cluster-randomised controlled trial to conduct a secondary analysis. The outcomes were percentage of women who received any antenatal care (ANC) and institutional delivery; total number of ANC visits; four or more ANC visits; first ANC visit in the first trimester.ResultsOf the 8575 women in the study, two-thirds received any ANC in their last pregnancy, one in 10 had four or more ANC visits and among those that received any ANC, about one-quarter received it in the first trimester. For every kilometre increase in distance to the nearest facility, the likelihood of the outcomes reduced by 5 percentage points (0.95; 95% CI 0.91 to 0.98) for any ANC; 4 percentage points (0.96; 95% CI 0.94 to 0.98) for an additional ANC visit; 10 percentage points (0.90; 95% CI 0.86 to 0.95) for four or more ANC visits; 6 percentage points (0.94; 95% CI 0.94 to 0.98) for first ANC in the first trimester. In addition, there was a 35 percentage points (0.65; 95% CI 0.56 to 0.76) decrease in likelihood of institutional delivery if the residence was within 6.5 km to the nearest facility, beyond which there was no association with the place of delivery. We also found evidence of increase in likelihood of receiving any ANC care and its intensity increased with having some education or owning a business.ConclusionThe findings suggest that education, occupation and distance are important determinants of pregnancy and delivery care in a rural Malian context.Trial registration numberNCT02694055.

ObjectiveWe sought to examine the experiences of community partners in a community-academic partnership to promote COVID-19 testing in two majority Latino communities.MethodsWe conducted semistructured, in-depth interviews in English and Spanish with community-based organization leaders and community health workers/promotoras (n = 10) from June to July 2021. Interviews focused on identifying partner roles in planning and testing implementation and evaluating communication among partners. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed in ATLAS.ti version 8.4.5. Analyses involved deductive and inductive approaches to identify key themes.ResultsParticipants described both strengths and challenges to the collaborative approach within each of three core themes: building relationships in the time of COVID-19; uplifting existing community leadership; and commitment of the academic partners and community-based organizations to conduct partnership activities in Spanish.ConclusionCommunity-academic partnerships that invest in strong relationships, community leadership, and a commitment to the community's preferred language offer a promising approach to addressing COVID-19 testing barriers. Findings provide direction for future research on how community members and academic partners can come together to inform strategies to continue addressing the COVID-19 pandemic.

IntroductionClinical research in Alzheimer's disease (AD) lacks cohort diversity despite being a global health crisis. The Asian Cohort for Alzheimer's Disease (ACAD) was formed to address underrepresentation of Asians in research, and limited understanding of how genetics and non-genetic/lifestyle factors impact this multi-ethnic population.MethodsThe ACAD started fully recruiting in October 2021 with one central coordination site, eight recruitment sites, and two analysis sites. We developed a comprehensive study protocol for outreach and recruitment, an extensive data collection packet, and a centralized data management system, in English, Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese.ResultsACAD has recruited 606 participants with an additional 900 expressing interest in enrollment since program inception.DiscussionACAD's traction indicates the feasibility of recruiting Asians for clinical research to enhance understanding of AD risk factors. ACAD will recruit > 5000 participants to identify genetic and non-genetic/lifestyle AD risk factors, establish blood biomarker levels for AD diagnosis, and facilitate clinical trial readiness.HighlightsThe Asian Cohort for Alzheimer's Disease (ACAD) promotes awareness of under-investment in clinical research for Asians. We are recruiting Asian Americans and Canadians for novel insights into Alzheimer's disease. We describe culturally appropriate recruitment strategies and data collection protocol. ACAD addresses challenges of recruitment from heterogeneous Asian subcommunities. We aim to implement a successful recruitment program that enrolls across three Asian subcommunities.

American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities are disproportionately affected by the opioid epidemic. AI/AN emerging adults (ages 18-25) in urban areas are at particularly high risk, with the overdose death rate among urban-dwelling AI/AN people 1.4 times higher than rural-dwelling AI/AN people. Despite these challenges, there are no evidence-based culturally tailored prevention or intervention programs to address opioid, alcohol and other drug use among urban AI/AN emerging adults. This study focused on understanding AI/AN emerging adults experiences with two culturally tailored programs addressing opioid, cannabis, and alcohol use as part of the randomized controlled trial for Traditions and Connections for Urban Native Americans (TACUNA) in order to enhance feasibility of this intervention. Using a convergent mixed methods design at 3-month follow-up, we collected satisfaction and experience ratings and written narratives (total n = 162; intervention n = 77; control n = 85) from a sample of urban-dwelling AI/AN emerging adults who participated in both programs. We analyzed data through simultaneous examination of qualitative and quantitative data. The quantitative ratings show that both programs were rated highly. The qualitative data contextualized these ratings, illustrating pathways through which specific components were perceived to cause desired or observed behavioral change in participants. Among the elements that mattered most to these participants were the convenience of the virtual format, having a comfortable and safe space to share personal stories, and learning new information about their social networks. Negative comments focused on workshop length and inconvenient scheduling. This is one of the first studies to explore participant satisfaction and experience with culturally tailored substance use programming among a historically marginalized and understudied population. It is important to consider the voices of urban-dwelling AI/AN people in program development because hidden factors, such as limited financial resources, limited time, and misalignment with cultural values may prevent existing programs from being feasible.

Conceptual artist Rafa Esparza argues that adobe bricks are loaded with meaning and represent ethnic Mexican heritage and communion with land through Chicanx ritual labor. Our ethnographic experiences in northern New Mexico and our pedagogical and research work in experimental archaeology in California confirm Esparza’s assertion. Among traditional Chicanx villages in New Mexico, adobe construction serves to reinforce community relations. Among Chicanx college students, constructing experimental earthen ovens in the California laboratory creates new student communities and validates familial and social memories of adobe making in ancestral homelands. Bringing together initially separate research threads, we consider adobe’s culturally sustaining capacity and its potential in scientific archaeological research as inextricable facets of the same research-teaching system we now call ChicanXperimental archaeology. This article plants three interrelated seeds in that vein, offering starting points for: (1) a culturally sustaining college teaching model centered on adobe making; (2) a replicable experimental adobe oven construction and testing model with field-applicable results; and (3) project expansion to California elementary school classrooms with the same pedagogical and scientific goals in mind. We invite our readers, especially archaeologists and K-12 teachers, to explore and experiment alongside us, providing an experimental oven blueprint and suggestions as to prospects and best practices for both sides of this project.

BACKGROUND: To date, the United States (US) leads the world in the number of infections and deaths due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality are staggering. Age-adjusted data show that AA and Latino individuals have had higher rates of death over most of the pandemic and during surges. Project 2VIDA! is community-based participatory research (CBPR) that was developed to address individual, social, and contextual factors related to access and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among African American and Latino communities in Southern California. This paper describes the study protocol and overarching objectives. METHODS AND DESIGN: Project 2VIDA! is a multilevel intervention that builds on the principals of CBPR and is designed to increase uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine among African American and Latino individuals (≥16 years and older) in San Diego County. The intervention was developed with a working group comprised of representatives from community and academia and centers on targeted COVID-19 individual awareness and education, linkage to medical and supportive services, COVID-19 community outreach and health promotion and offering the COVID-19 vaccine through community pop-up clinics. DISCUSSION: Findings from 2VIDA! will provide data on the impact, feasibility, and acceptability of the intervention which are all crucial for the adaptation, refinement, and improvement of vaccine outreach interventions for COVID-19 and other vaccine preventable infectious diseases that severely impact African American and Latino communities. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05022472?term=Project+2VIDA&draw=2&rank=1, NCT05022472.

Background: Stroke survivors face many barriers to physical activity (PA). Solving physical inactivity after stroke requires a "systems-based" approach. We aimed to develop a complex intervention targeted at improving PA after stroke in Singapore using behaviour change theory and a co-design approach involving multiple stakeholders. Methods: We carried out the intervention development in three phases: i. preparation phase, ii. co-design phase, and iii. intervention refinement phase. During the preparation phase, we conducted surveys (n = 38 stroke survivors, 71 physiotherapists and 35 exercise professionals) and interviews (n = 19 stroke survivors) to understand the factors influencing PA after stroke. The co-design phase consisted of two-co-design workshops held in August 2022 and were attended by 13 stroke survivors and 4 caregivers. Relevant domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and items in the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist guided the discussion topics in the first co-design workshop. Solution prototypes such as exercise videos, arm and leg straps and information resources were shown in the second co-design workshop to gather feedback. In the intervention refinement phase, eight healthcare professionals from various sectors participated in two virtual Zoom meetings in August 2023, and used the Acceptability, Practicability, Effectiveness, Affordability, Spillover effects and Equity (APEASE) grid to rate the active ingredients in the complex intervention by considering the current healthcare landscape in terms of resources and manpower. Results: Stroke survivors and caregivers want a personalised PA program, stroke-specific PA opportunities and information resources, medical clearance, advice and help from healthcare professionals skilled in stroke care, face-to-face sessions at preferred exercise spaces, and access to adaptive equipment. A complex intervention consisting of 21 behaviour change techniques, 6 intervention functions and 8 options was developed. Conclusions: Using behaviour change theory and a co-design approach involving multiple stakeholders, a complex intervention was developed to target physical inactivity after stroke. The intervention titled MOTIVATE is currently being tested in a type 1 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We as authors represent two organizations engaged in a research-practice partnership (RPP) focused primarily on an intergenerational participatory action research project (PAR). Given the way we co-constructed our work in this partnership, we desired a co-constructed approach to evaluating the work as well. This paper uses duoethnography as a methodology to evaluate our PAR process and partnership, with a goal of examining the degree to which our work aligned with and departed from established principles of community-based research and critical participatory action research. Findings showed that our process and partnership aligned with some principles, but there is room for growth if we hope to fully support co-researchers on future PAR projects. We see the potential for duoethnography to facilitate ongoing, critical reflection and relationship building across RPPs. We also see it as a powerful mode of evaluation for RPPs because of its ability to surface insights that may get missed through more traditional evaluation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectivesMethodsResultsDiscussionConclusionChallenge coins have a history in the military as symbolic tokens of belonging and appreciation. Members of some agricultural communities have recently expressed interest in using a challenge coin as a caring support tool to improve mental health among farmers. The objective of this analysis is to clarify the meaning and use of a challenge coin as an upstream suicide prevention caring support tool in agricultural communities.A systematic search was performed in Google Scholar, PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts, Web of Science, and PubMed following PRISMA guidelines, identifying literature available through October 2023. Thirty-five articles were included and analyzed using Rodger’s Evolutionary Method for Concept Analysis.The attributes of challenge coins include its material presence (i.e. a medallion with official insignia) and its presentation as a recognition for contributions to society and signifying belonging to a group. The antecedents of the challenge coin were achievement, rank, or proficiency related to a role in public duty and membership in an occupational group facing unique challenges. The consequences were identified as improved morale and pride and fostering belongingness, connectedness, and community. These consequences can lead to the challenge coin serving as a cue for behavior change.This concept analysis provides additional understanding of a challenge coin when used as a caring support tool, particularly in agricultural communities. The challenge coin has historically been used in a military or first responder context, but it could be expanded to other service-oriented occupations such as farming.Using a challenge coin for a mental health promotion intervention requires more community-based research to understand its efficacy in agricultural contexts. With the concept of a challenge coin clarified, a next step would be scientific efforts among mental health practitioners and industry leaders to support further development and testing of the challenge coin as a suicide prevention and caring support tool that fosters belongingness and appreciation within agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Background Method Results Conclusions Implications The purpose of the current study was to examine whether immigration‐related stress is associated with reduced positive parenting and whether this association is mediated by depressive symptoms in undocumented Central American immigrant mothers.In the context of “illegality,” parents can face myriad stressors related to their immigration status, which may lead to heightened emotions, including depressed mood. These experiences may affect family life, including the ways in which immigrant mothers parent their children.This study examined survey data generated in 2016–2017 by researchers using a community‐based participatory action research approach in partnership with Central American immigrant mothers residing in the Washington, DC, region. The sample for this study included 117 undocumented Central American immigrant mothers of children aged 3 to 11 years.Controlling for age of child, mother's education, and relationship status, analyses revealed that immigration‐related stress was associated with heightened levels of depressive symptoms for mothers. However, mothers' symptoms of depression were not associated with positive parenting. Additionally, no association between immigration‐related stress and positive parenting was found.Findings suggest that mothers, although affected by immigration‐related stress in terms of their own mood symptoms, may deploy mechanisms such as parental self‐sacrifice to protect their children from anti‐immigrant harms.Findings hold implications for future research, including research approaches, and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We evaluate botanical insecticides as a technological device for synthetic input substitution in peri-urban horticultural system transitions. For that purpose, a Participatory Action Research (PAR) framework was proposed, and garlic extracts (GE) performance was evaluated for pest and natural enemy regulation in lettuce crops in conventional and agroecological contexts. Through three PAR cycles under actual production conditions, we observed GE effectiveness on aphids, thrips, and natural enemies. Additionally, context-specific adaptations were noticed: for conventional systems; the extract is useful near harvest and serves as a trust-building tool while reducing synthetic insecticide dependence. Instead, for agroecological systems, garlic extract highlighted biodiversity’s relevance for system redesign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immigrant newcomers and refugees (INRs) are two migrant categories that experience consistent systemic barriers to settlement and integration in Canada as older adults. This paper explores the challenges experienced by Arabic-speaking INR older adults in Edmonton, Canada, during settlement and discusses policy and service implications. A qualitative description study using community-based participatory research principles was implemented to evaluate and support digital literacy in Arabic-speaking INR older adults. We included men and women aged 55 and older who identified as immigrants or refugees and spoke Arabic. Experiences of settlement challenges were consistently identified during data collection and engagement of INR older adult participants. A thematic sub-analysis of interviews with (10 individuals and one couple) of participants' narratives was completed in 2022 and was used to identify themes related to settlement barriers for this population. Two main themes were identified: (1) Limited English skills and digital literacy gaps create service barriers for INR older adults, and (2) Gaps in services and policies as basic needs remain unmet. We describe key challenges experienced by INR older adults, such as language barriers, precarious finances, poor access to health care services and lack of transportation and employment opportunities, which hinder successful integration into the new society. This study showcases the ongoing challenges with early settlement and integration that continue despite Canada's well-developed immigration settlement landscape. INR older adults often remain invisible in policy, and understanding their experiences is a first step to addressing their needs for resources that support healthy aging in the post-migration context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The involvement of peer researchers has recently gained popularity in social research, and the incentives for using participatory methodologies are well recognised. However, as we argue, the sole presence of peer researchers does not equate to their immediate empowerment, and more attention should be given to the roles they play in the research and the ways in which they can tangibly benefit from such collaborations. We explore the seemingly mundane aspects of work such as recruitment, training, conducting research, dissemination and the afterlife of the project, to suggest that meaningful engagement of peer researchers demands a tailored approach that is receptive to their particular needs and motivations, and is supportive of their individual growth. Our critical reflection stems from a two-year-long collaboration with peer researchers in Poland undertaken as part of a Horizon 2020 project, which explored the lives of young migrants and refugees in Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Greater Fifth Ward (GFW) is a Northeast Houston, Texas, neighborhood with a legacy of industrial contamination and a confirmed cancer cluster. To understand self-rated health in the GFW, community-based participatory research (CBPR), was used to promote the inclusion of all partners. CBPR involves the community during each stage of the research process from design to research dissemination. A complete census was conducted, and 114 surveys were obtained in the environmental justice (EJ) community from July to November 2021. EJ communities shoulder an unfair burden of environmental exposures, pollution, and poor built environments. Mental and physical health were measured using the validated 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12v2). We posited that the Black or African American (Black/AA) community would have lower mental composite scores (MCS) and physical composite scores (PCS) compared to the nation and their White counterparts. The MCS and PCS were calculated and compared against the national mean. Overall, participants had higher MCS and lower PCS than the national mean. Black/AA males and females had lower MCS compared to their White counterparts. White females had the lowest PCS among all respondents, significantly lower than the national average. MCS was lower among those who lived in the neighborhood longer. Burdens from pollution may impact residents' health and perceived health. Targeted interventions or programs that improve mental or physical health would benefit this community and other inequitably burdened neighborhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we aim to understand how long‐term state neglect of public infrastructure coexists with a renewed emphasis on profit‐driven infrastructure development in urban contexts. We focus on Exarcheia, an Athens neighbourhood known for its radical character, where a lack of public infrastructure investment aligns with plans for new transport infrastructure and urban regeneration. Using a participatory action research approach and engaging in collective discussions with grassroots organisations opposing these plans, we argue that prolonged austerity following the 2008 economic crisis has redefined state‐funded public infrastructures, aligning them more closely with the speculative interests of real estate, commercial, and infrastructure capital. The interplay of austerity infrastructure, gentrification, and spatial violence manifests as a form of slow urbicide, paving the way for revanchist urban regeneration that prioritises the commercial exploitation of urban space at the expense of the historical, political, and cultural identities of affected neighbourhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China, social work was reestablished in 1988. Despite the number of social work programmes increased very fast throughout the 1990s, there was a huge need for social work-trained educators. The Hong Kong Polytechnic University and Peking University launched the MSW (China) Programme in 2000 to create a critical mass of social work educators who would assume future leadership in social work development in mainland China. Participatory action research was employed as a methodology to explore how social work education could transform students into catalysts for social work education and social development. Purposive sampling was adopted, and seven cohorts totaling 238 graduates who graduated from the programme were the participants in this research. Data collection and analysis were carried out throughout the action research process. We found the triple capacity building model to be a good pedagogy to foster transformation among participants, and to steer the knowledge co-creation, practice innovation, policy reform, and social change through social work education. In this paper, we will provide an overview of the background, vision, and mission, as well as the teaching pedagogy of the programme and a case study to demonstrate how social work education has an impact on policy and practice innovation in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the communicative strategy of the online socialisation of Narrating My City, an audiovisual literacy project for the rediscovery of heritage. This strategy was developed following a participatory diagnosis of the competences and presence in networks of its members, in order to contrast with theory and similar experiences. The methodology employed is Participatory Action Research (PAR), and the techniques utilised are bibliographical-documentary research, surveys, content analysis, participatory group techniques specific to the chosen methodology, and triangulation. The resulting strategy offers the possibility of socialising the project and fulfils the educational objective of generating competences for a conscious use of social networks in the new generations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In collaboration with the Minnesota Hmong community, we have previously discovered significant differences in allele frequencies for key Single Nucleotide Variations (SNVs) within Very Important Pharmacogenes (VIPs) between Hmong and East Asians. Recognizing the potential clinical implications of these observed differences, we sought to validate these observations in a Hmong cohort residing in California, the state with the largest Hmong population in the US. Robust validation of these differences would affect motivation for clinicians treating individuals who identify as Hmong to consider pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing as a means to improve clinical decision making when using therapeutic agents in this unique population. Method: Guided by California Hmong community leaders and utilizing the basic approach of community-based participatory research, demographic, clinical information and a buccal swab was obtained from Hmong adults residing in California. A commercial PGx testing panel was performed on these samples and specific allele frequencies of interest were compared between California and Minnesota Hmong. Allele frequency differences between California Hmong, East Asians and Europeans, were also compared. Return-of-PGx-results and presentations of group data were made to members of the Hmong along with PGx educational sessions to help interpret the observations. Results: In 118 California Hmong who completed the study, the allele frequencies for SNV's were similar to previous Minnesota Hmong results. Furthermore, out of the 18 SNVs that were not previously reported in Hmong, allele frequencies were statistically different in 38% (7/18) of SNVs comparing California Hmong to East Asians, and in 77.8% (14/18) SNVs comparing California Hmong to Europeans. Conclusion: These results validate the original study's findings that Hmong people living in different US locations have similar allele frequencies for key PGx genes. Further, for many of these PGx genes, their allele frequencies are significantly different compared to either East Asians or Europeans. Clinicians should consider these important differences when prescribing medications for people who identify as Hmong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis study draws from qualitative research conducted using a participatory action framework with 47 young adults who identified as people living with HIV, men who have sex with men, transgender, non-binary, or sex workers in Vietnam. The research objectives were to explore their experiences using mobile phones to access sexual and reproductive (SRH) health information and support and the impact of the digital turn in health on their autonomy, privacy and equality. The research was conducted through key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and digital ethnography. The project utilised a participatory action research framework. The research was led by the Vietnam Network of People Living with HIV within the frame of a three-country study, and the authors describe how the network used the findings to advance policy. The paper concludes by proposing participatory action research as a useful methodology for studying human rights and digital health governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Methods Results Conclusion WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS What is already known on this subject What this paper adds to existing knowledge What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? Collaborative approaches in speech‐language pathology (SLP) aim to integrate the experience of clients and people important to them by including these stakeholders actively in decision making. This inclusion can lead to more effective, engaging, and safer SLP practice. A variety of collaborative approaches have evolved in response to sociocultural contexts, and as a result, there are many different approaches currently in use such as co‐design, co‐production, and co‐creation. However, despite widening acceptance and utilisation of collaborative approaches, the use and evidence for these in SLP literature have not been considered collectively. The current study aims to explore how collaborative approaches, used to develop products or services in SLP, are reported in literature.Using narrative review methodology, a systematic search of three databases and hand searching were conducted to explore how collaborative approaches, used to develop products or services, are reported in SLP. Search terms reflected the breadth of collaborative approaches and the diverse nature of SLP across clinical practice. Following screening of initial data, 59 articles were identified for data extraction and narrative synthesis. An internationally recognised reporting checklist for stakeholder involvement called the Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public, Version 2 (GRIPP2), informed the reviewing process in addition to qualitative description.Collaborative approaches across SLP practice were found to be diverse as were the terminology and tools used for collaboration. Two‐thirds of the studies were published after 2020. The timing and involvement of stakeholders in collaborative approaches varied greatly; however, most stakeholder involvement was found in the conducting of research activities, compared to other areas such as planning, analysis, and reporting. The GRIPP2 review indicated strengths and opportunities in reporting of stakeholder involvement. When stakeholder involvement was rigorously reported it could include reflection on how stakeholders contributed within their communication abilities and how this contribution benefited the study.Collaborative approaches reported in SLP focused on valuing and respecting people with living experience of communication and swallowing difficulties. This narrative review contributes to the resources available to support decision‐making and working together with stakeholders, encouraging SLPs to reflect, consider the context and respond. Future research could continue to strengthen consistency in terminology for collaborative approaches, use frameworks to plan and report stakeholder involvement and carefully consider involvement across the research continuum. There is an expectation that health services include stakeholders in development and evaluation of services. Collaborative approaches in speech‐language pathology (SLP) aim to integrate the lived experience of people with communication and swallowing difficulties and those important to them. These approaches, including but not limited to, co‐design, co‐production and participatory action research, have shared philosophies of being community‐driven, strengths based and inclusive (Loeffler & Bovaird, 2021). This study contributes information about current SLP practice when collaborative approaches have been employed to develop a product or service. The study maps diverse collaborative approaches and their frequency in the literature, as well as the various stakeholders involved, using the Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public, Version 2 (GRIPP2) checklists to guide the review of reporting stakeholder involvement. This synthesis of literature supports researchers and clinicians in making intentional decisions in implementation and reporting of collaborative approaches. This decision‐making can strengthen the implementation of collaborative approaches, which has implications for person‐centred care in SLP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current teacher education neglects educational needs, such as death education. A participatory action research (PAR) approach based on the needs and interests of teachers was adopted. One private and two state schools at all levels of non-university education were involved. The objective was to understand a process of change in teaching facilitated by PAR in the context of a teaching innovation project in death education. The results are presented according to the PAR phases. Conclusions are that the training process reduced the gap between scientific knowledge and educational practice, and that specific death education competencies were developed alongside personal growth amongst teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The juvenile "justice" system in the United States and the expansion of the carceral state into communities of color are deeply rooted in white supremacy. To challenge these oppressive systems, it is essential for system‐impacted youth to have access to these subjugated histories. We argue that critical youth participatory action research (YPAR) is a powerful tool for providing these youth with the necessary exposure, space, and support to access these histories, develop critical consciousness, and transform their personal pain and experiences into reflection, collaboration, and actions aimed at challenging oppressive systems such as the juvenile legal system. To illustrate this potential, we present an overview of recent YPAR projects in partnership with system‐impacted youth. We underscore the importance of system‐impacted youth in meaningful, non‐tokenistic ways. Concrete recommendations for supporting YPAR projects with system‐impacted youth are provided. Key points for the family court community: The juvenile legal system is an unjust system that disproportionately harms BIPOC youth, their families, and communities.Deficit narratives rooted in personal responsibility and cultural deficit frameworks continue to present system‐impact BIPOC youth, their families, and cultures as the problem rather than underlying social processes such as discrimination and racism.Critical YPAR, emphasizing critical consciousness development and adults sharing power with young people, represents a potentially powerful strategy for meaningfully engaging with system‐impacted youth to effect social justice change.Juvenile justice reformers must move beyond tokenizing youth with lived experiences by involving them in research and other projects from the beginning rather than simply asking them to share their stories or provide feedback.YPAR represents an underutilized strategy for collaborating with system‐impacted youth in meaningful, non‐tokenistic ways to effect social justice change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Historical marginalisation and ongoing trust deficits in health and government systems shape present-day vaccine perceptions among marginalised communities. This paper sought to understand the role of trust in decision-making about COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the transgender and disability communities in India. Methods: Using a participatory approach we interviewed 24 community representatives, identifying themselves as transgender individuals or as persons with disability, and 21 key informants such as vaccine programme managers, vaccine providers, and community advocates. We undertook an inductive thematic analysis of the data using a socio-ecological model. Results: Fear of side effects in relation to specific needs of the two communities and mistrust of systems involved in vaccination shaped four different pathways for vaccine decision-making. Mistrust of systems was influenced by past negative experiences with the health system, creating contexts in which information and misinformation are shared and interpreted. Participants negotiated their doubts about safety and mistrust of systems by interacting with different sources of influence showing patterns of decision-making that are dynamic, context-dependent, and intersectional. Conclusion: These findings will help in determining the content, strategies and approaches to equitable vaccine communication for these two communities. The two communities ought to be included in vaccine trials. Vaccine information must respond to the specific needs of these two communities which could be enabled by collaboration and engagement with community members and influencers. Finally, long-term investment towards the needs of marginalised communities is vital to dismantle cycles of marginalisation and distrust and in turn improve vaccine acceptance and uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article brings new empirical evidence and nuanced reflections on the social processes of transformation within grassroots agri‐food initiatives that propose relocalised, decentralised and autonomous ways of organising around food systems. We facilitated and analysed a fieldlab on the initial phase of designing a participatory guarantee system with a Dutch consumer‐buying group (CBG) who explored ways to define, measure and assess sustainable production and consumption in collaboration with its producers. Our analysis focuses on three social processes that emerged from this fieldlab: (a) deepening of community relations around and through agri‐food; (b) learning in agri‐food initiatives and (c) politicisation of agri‐food systems. We analyse the manifestations of and limitations of these three processes concerning the CBG's attempt to become a local food community. We conclude that our findings bring about practical, theoretical and strategic implications to understanding the social dynamics of grassroots agri‐food initiatives within and beyond capitalist agri‐food systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In November 2021, the President of Mexico (2018-2024) declared that the priority megaprojects of the National Development Plan (Maya Train, Isthmus of Tehuantepec Interoceanic Corridor, Dos Bocas Refinery) fall within the realm of national security. Public and private investments in these projects are directed towards southeastern Mexico, covering the states of Oaxaca, Chiapas, Quintana Roo, Campeche, Yucatán, and Tabasco. These regions are home to indigenous peoples and communities that hold 45% of Mexico’s total social property. In some cases, these communities are visibly linked to national political organizations that defend land and territory. The decree is considered a state of exception applied to land-territory use, with dual implications. On one hand, it represents the undivided social field monopolized by monetary metrics. On the other hand, it signifies the expansion of a neocolonial condition promoted by the Mexican federal government, which marginalizes the voice of resistance in favor of adopting the capital logic defined by the stratification of the global economy. The methodology involves participatory action research since 2019, collaborative research through the coordination of workshops, caravans, marches, and political-community meetings, promoted in conjunction with assemblies fighting for territorial defense. We anticipate the increased use of such state of exception in response to the intertwined rise of health, environmental, and economic contingencies that drive the economic cycle, coupled with ineffective governmental policies formulated for regular times. In other words, the state of exception is activated to ensure the continuity of capital accumulation driven by the concentration of private property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractEvery individual has a fundamental right to communicate and access equal opportunities to fully participate in society. However, this right may not be fully manifested for individuals with communication access needs especially those from underrepresented groups. This project had two aims, to determine 1) the specific experiences, challenges, and aspirations related to the cultural identities of people of color (POC) who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and 2) how AAC service providers and manufacturers can support POC AAC users in a culturally and linguistically responsive manner. We conducted an online, asynchronous focus group with seven participants over eight weeks. The participants’ responses were coded qualitatively. Seven major themes were identified: AAC is a Culture, AAC System Features, Self-Identity as a Person of Color who uses AAC, Experience with Service Providers, Improvements to the Field of AAC, Racial Inequities in AAC Support, and Future Research. Suggestions are provided regarding how service providers and manufacturers can serve as better allies to support POC who use AAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Family support plays an important role in promoting resilience and health among transgender and/or nonbinary youth (TNBY), but family members often experience barriers to supporting their TNBY, including minority-adjacent stress stemming from exposure to structural stigma and antitransgender legislation. TNBY and their families need effective family-level interventions developed using community-based participatory research (CBPR), which integrates community members (e.g., TNBY, family members, service providers for families with TNBY) into the intervention development process to ensure the resulting intervention is relevant and useful. Informed by findings from the Trans Teen and Family Narratives Project, we used CBPR to develop the Trans Teen and Family Narratives Conversation Toolkit, a family-level intervention designed to educate families about TNBY and facilitate conversations about gender. The toolkit was developed across 1.5 years (June 2019 to January 2021) using four integrated phases: (1) content development: digital storytelling workshop with TNBY; (2) content review: digital storyteller interviews and user focus groups; (3) content development: study team content synthesis and website development; and (4) content review: website review by TNBY, family members, and mental health providers, and intervention refinement. This article outlines the intervention development process, describes strategies employed to navigate challenges encountered along the way, and shares key learnings to inform future CBPR intervention development efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Alaska Native and American Indian (ANAI) peoples in Alaska currently experience a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality from tobacco cigarette use. Financial incentives for smoking cessation are evidence-based, but a family-level incentive structure has not been evaluated. We used a community-based participatory research and qualitative approach to culturally adapt a smoking cessation intervention with ANAI families. Aims and Methods We conducted individual, semistructured telephone interviews with 12 ANAI adults who smoke, 12 adult family members, and 13 Alaska Tribal Health System stakeholders statewide between November 2022 and March 2023. Through content analysis, we explored intervention receptivity, incentive preferences, culturally aligned recruitment and intervention messaging, and future implementation needs. Results Participants were receptive to the intervention. Involving a family member was viewed as novel and aligned with ANAI cultural values of commitment to community and familial interdependence. Major themes included choosing a family member who is supportive and understanding, keeping materials positive and encouraging, and offering cash and noncash incentives for family members to choose (eg, fuel, groceries, activities). Participants indicated that messaging should emphasize family collaboration and that cessation resources and support tips should be provided. Stakeholders also reinforced that program materials should encourage the use of other existing evidence-based cessation therapies (eg, nicotine replacement, counseling). Conclusions Adaptations, grounded in ANAI cultural strengths, were made to the intervention and recruitment materials based on participant feedback. Next steps include a beta-test for feasibility and a randomized controlled trial for efficacy. Implications This is the first study to design and adapt a financial incentives intervention promoting smoking cessation among ANAI peoples and the first to involve the family system. Feedback from this formative work was used to develop a meaningful family-level incentive structure with ANAI people who smoke and family members and ensure intervention messaging is supportive and culturally aligned. The results provide qualitative knowledge that can inform future family-based interventions with ANAI communities, including our planned randomized controlled trial of the intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers have increasingly identified a growing concern in the lack of attention given to factors intertwined with the mental health and well‐being of Arab‐American youth. To circumvent this problem, we applied a community‐based participatory research (CBPR) design to a sample of Arab‐American youth with the mean age of 13.72 years. We discuss the implications for professional counseling and other mental health interventions with Arab‐American youth, as well as provide directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article follows urgent calls from peace and conflict studies and geographies of peace to be decolonised. Our study shows that for the Shuar communities in the Ecuadorian Amazon, the concept of peace is quite different from that of the Ecuadorian state. This study demonstrates how 'Western' centric definitions of the term are rooted in colonial logic and power structures. In this article, we explore what it could mean to decolonise theories and spaces for peace. Through encounters with Indigenous Shuar understandings of peace in a community-based participatory research project, we highlight the plurality of possibilities for the term. Using a decolonial lens we conclude with a call to action for scholars in those disciplines to engage with the Feminist Indigenous Latin American and Caribbean methodology and epistemology 'cuerpo territorio' (body-territory) to understand territory from the perspective of Abya Yala, that sees women's bodies as the 'first territory'. We argue that 'cuerpo territorio' is well suited to do decolonial work and help us step outside a Westernized understanding of peace and make strides towards the pluriverse. While typically this Indigenous concept has been used to better understand violence surrounding extraction sites, we propose that engaging with the methodology will prove useful for theoretical findings in spatial understandings of peace and its praxis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines how elderly people living in poverty established an active space for ancestral territorial management called Wiñenani-Pikenani Intergenerational School. 16 elders waorani of Ecuador acted as mentors of their kids. This school arises from critical social work to transfer important knowledge to live successfully in a biodiverse environment. The intergenerational learning as resistance to an extractive economy that systematically impoverishes and dispossesses them. The qualitative methodological contributions to learning by doing were: Ludic-Intergenerational Workshops, Daily Coexistence Space, and Knowledge Dialogue Meetings community-university. Concluding that participatory approaches must be continually rethought to include invisible people in circumstances of poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-formal learning institutions use interpretive plans to create effective interpretation (mission-based communications) for their visitors. This article argues that interpretive planning offers professional and technical communicators great potential for engaging with communities. Following an introduction to the field of interpretation and interpretive planning, I explain how interpretive plans are a type of metagenre. I then provide technical communicators with specific examples of how technical communicators' expertise is relevant to interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on an out-of-school youth participatory action research project to better understand both how schooling emerged and was challenged in a liberatory space. This project explores the entanglement of schooling, learning, and youth in a youth participatory action research (YPAR) setting. There were six youth and one academic researcher involved in the project which spanned two years, 2018–2020. This work was driven by the research questions: if schooling is a non-human agent, how does schooling manifest in an afterschool YPAR space, and how, if at all, was schooling interrupted/challenged? This project utilized ethnographic methods, interviews, cognitive maps, and posthumanist theorizing to explore the entanglements of human, nonhuman, and discursive agents. Findings illustrated that within the afterschool space, the participants were constantly in tension of holding to and pushing against those agents buttressing schooling – hierarchical relationships, adultism, prescriptive entanglements, and internally disciplining and surveilling themselves. When it came to the learning lines of flight that emerged within the YPAR space, participants created community by making and holding space for one another. The group rejected linearity and embraced the unpredictability of learning. By centering democratic collaboration, youth knowledge/experiences, and learning, the collective demonstrated how YPAR can be a tool of resistance to the dominating forces of agential schooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black women are sorely underrepresented in studies of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) despite higher rates of ADRD diagnoses than in non‐Hispanic White women. There are many reasons for underrepresentation, including medical mistrust, limited access to clinical studies, and restrictive study inclusion criteria. These pervasive barriers to research participation are often not considered during study development and, if eventually thought of tend to be after the fact. Community‐engaged research (CER) approaches are an effective method for reducing participation barriers. This article describes how CER approaches were used to develop the Black Women Inflammation and Tau Study (BWITS), a prospective study to identify biopsychosocial risk factors for ADRD in Black women. Guidelines discussed here for future ADRD research in diverse populations are informed by Community‐Based Participatory Research (CBPR), the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD), and the Patient‐Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). Highlights: Understand the historical tragedies related to medical practices and research designs that may contribute to the underrepresentation of Black Americans in research studies today.Highlight community‐engaged research approaches that effectively reduce participation barriers in minoritized groups.Review Community‐Based Participatory Research, National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, and the Patient‐Centered Outcomes Research Institute guidelines for conducting research with minoritized communities.Describe using the three frameworks to inform the study development protocol for the Black Women Inflammation and Tau Study.Conclude by offering study design considerations that we hope can be a helpful starting point for others conducting research with minoritized communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Studies have highlighted lacunae in the effective implementation of Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committees (VHSNC) in India. The present study aimed to evaluate the routine functioning of VHSNC in two districts of Odisha. Methods: Our study included mixed-method research. The members of 467 VHSNCs were interviewed in two districts. The quantitative data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Besides, we did 18 focus group discussions and 3 in-depth interviews to obtain the perceptions of the members of VHNSCs on the needs of the communities and the challenges. Conclusions: VHSNC is an effective mechanism of health governance, but there are challenges, such as a lack of knowledge about the functioning of its members, irregular meetings, delayed funds or improper documentation, and ineffective supervision. A comprehensive model of VHSNC implementation needs to be developed and delivered with continuous monitoring to make them function effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Translating evidence-based practice (EBP) into real-world clinical settings often takes a considerable amount of time and resources. In allergy and immunology, the dissemination and implementation (D&I) sciences facilitate the study of how variations in knowledge, resources, patient populations, and staffing models lead to differences in the clinical care of asthma, allergic disease, and primary immunodeficiency. Despite the need for validated approaches to study how to best apply EBP in the real world, the D&I sciences are underutilized. To address this gap, an American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) work group was convened to provide an overview for the role of the D&I sciences in clinical care and future research within the field. For the D&I sciences to be leveraged effectively, teams should be multidisciplinary and inclusive of community and clinical partners, and multimethods approaches to data collection and analyses should be used. Used appropriately, the D&I sciences provide important tools to promote EBP and health equity as well as optimization of clinical practice in allergy and immunology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The flexibility/stability tension is a key challenge for purpose-oriented networks, especially salient with network participation. Because of the voluntary nature of networks, it is common for network participation to fluctuate, with participants entering, leaving, and returning over time for a variety of reasons. This fluctuation may challenge the stability that is key to network effectiveness. Yet, despite the salience of this tension, we know little about managing the ebb and flow of network participation. Driven by phenomenon-based theorizing, we draw on longitudinal participatory action research to examine participant attendance and contribution in monthly workgroup meetings over a four-year period of an early child education network. Combining interviews (n = 5), meeting attendance tracking (n = 37), and meeting observations (n = 30), we identify six types of flux stemming from individual, organizational, and system forces. We find these forces of flux support both flexibility and stability. Highlighting the duality of flexibility and stability, we explain how flexibility at one level may result in stability at another and vice versa. Our findings contribute to a greater understanding of how stability and flexibility are both valuable for networks and thus, the need to embrace the ebb and flow of participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though community-based participatory research (CBPR) boasts a robust history, challenges to conducting such work ethically and equitably remain. Common difficulties, such as addressing power dynamics and navigating mutuality, are heightened when doing participatory research with young people, specifically youth participatory action research (YPAR). Additional obstacles also emerge when engaging in such research as junior scholars, who lack tenure and occupy more precarious positions within academia. To elucidate these hurdles and illuminate the labor required to traverse them, we draw upon our experiences as early career academics facilitating YPAR projects with young people who have been historically marginalized. Employing an autoethnographic approach, we utilize qualitative data sources including field notes and reflective memos, from which three themes emerged after iterative rounds of reflection and review. Through descriptive vignettes, we unpack how we attended to positionality and power, interrogated shared benefit and mutuality, and engaged with the unique complexities of working with young people—as informed by our specific identities. In examining our experiences and their alignment with prior research, we aim to expand upon existing literature that has explored best practices within CBPR, but with a specific focus on youth-adult partnerships and consideration of the realities of junior scholars. It is our hope that this discussion will support early career researchers who wish to conduct YPAR but are unsure how to do so given their particular positionalities, by making visible the often-invisible work involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this collaboratively written article, we share what we have learned in our over decade-long partnership working across social and institutional boundaries, including: the right for students to be taught through a strength-based perspective; the necessity of communication between schools and communities; and insights into how educators can foster genuine care with families. We conclude with recommendations about how educators can work in solidarity with families to promote a robust universal vision of student flourishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of Review: We systematically reviewed implementation research conducted in Indigenous communities in the Americas and the Pacific that focused on improving delivery of HIV preventive or treatment services. We highlight strengths and opportunities in the literature and outline principles for Indigenous-led, HIV-related implementation science. Recent Findings: We identified 31 studies, revealing a consistent emphasis on cultural tailoring of services to Indigenous communities. Common barriers to implementation included stigma, geographic limitations, confidentiality concerns, language barriers, and mistrust. Community involvement in intervention development and delivery emerged as a key facilitator, and nearly half of the studies used community-based participatory research methods. While behavioral HIV prevention, especially among Indigenous youth, was a major focus, there was limited research on biomedical HIV prevention and treatment. No randomized implementation trials were identified. Summary: The findings underscore the importance of community engagement, the need for interventions developed within Indigenous communities rather than merely adapted, and the value of addressing the social determinants of implementation success. Aligned to these principles, an indigenized implementation science could enhance the acceptability and reach of critical HIV preventive and treatment services in Indigenous communities while also honoring their knowledge, wisdom, and strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nowhere is optimising healthcare staff retention more important than in primary health care (PHC) settings in remote Australia, where there are unacceptably high rates of staff burnout and turnover. Ensuing consequences for the remote health services and the community are acute – staffing shortfalls in clinics; organisational instability; excessive costs associated with frequent staff recruitment and orientation; diminished access to PHC for patients in need; and lack of continuity of patient care; all of which further entrench poor health outcomes for the community. Optimising remote healthcare staff retention is critical in order to provide high quality and continued PHC. Currently, however, there is paucity of knowledge to inform targeted and effective retention strategies in remote health services. This research program seeks to develop a stronger evidence base to understand (i) what retention strategies are effective in improving morale, job satisfaction, intention to remain in the job, and consequent length of service for remote healthcare staff; (ii) how best to 'bundle' these strategies for different health workforce groups; and (iii) how these 'bundles' work in different service contexts. Methods: This paper describes a five-year implementation research program in partnership with twelve remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Controlled Health Services (ATSICCHS) in the Northern Territory and Queensland, Australia. Overall methodology follows a participatory action research approach which incorporates co-design and realist elements. The program comprises two broad phases involving evidence consolidation and synthesis (Phase 1), and co-design, implementation, and prospective evaluation of 'bundles' of retention strategies (Phase 2) to improve retention of healthcare staff in participating ATSICCHSs. Discussion: This innovative research program has the potential to develop a comprehensive evidence base required to optimise health workforce retention in remote health services. This new evidence will strengthen understanding of what 'bundles' of retention strategies are effective, for which groups of employees, and how they work to improve staff retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research elaborates the nexus of disability-migration-education through a multidisciplinary investigation of intersectional barriers faced by Syrian youth with disabilities during their access to, and study at higher education (HE) institutions in Turkey. HE inclusivity for Syrian students with disabilities (SSD) is analysed in terms of the main administrative, societal, and structural barriers. The methodological design of this study applies a human rights-based approach to education, migration and disability in company with participatory action research methodology. Findings are based on data collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observations, institutional visits, and multi-stakeholder workshops addressing disability and migration-based experiences of SSD in 2018 and 2019 in Istanbul, Şanlıurfa and Gaziantep. Information and experiences are collected from SSD, NGOs in the field of migration and disability, governmental bodies, and HE institutions. Our findings showed that various legal, administrative and cultural barriers, and structural inequalities make access to HE more difficult for refugees with disabilities. Despite these, SSD have success stories in accessing HE as a result of their hard work and courage. This study provides first-hand bottom-up intersectional research about the situation of SSD in Turkey, host to the largest refugee population in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consent is essential for legal and ethical psychological practice. EPs in the UK work with children and young people from ages 0 to 25, meaning that consent gaining practices must take account of the complexities of different professional guidelines, legislation, and case law depending on the age and competence of individual service users. This study used participatory action research to develop consent gaining guidance specific to EPs, considering issues related to children’s rights, parental responsibility, Gillick competence, mental capacity, and data protection. Findings from a preliminary study were used by a stakeholder group of EPs to create draft guidance. The project was guided by a working party comprising a trainee educational psychologist, a main grade EP, a professional body representative and a solicitor specialising in education law. Implications for professional practice and future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Aims Design Methods Results Conclusion Impact Reporting Method Patient or Public Contribution To explore patterns and dynamics during the co‐design process of nurse practitioners' role development in three departments in a Belgian tertiary hospital.Participatory action research was utilised in conjunction with principles of a Grounded Theory approach to explore patterns and dynamics.Sixteen meetings were conducted between January and June 2021 with interdisciplinary teams to develop the roles. Thirteen exploratory interviews were held with the stakeholders involved between March and June 2022. All meetings and interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were systematically analysed using researcher triangulation and thematic analysis.Stakeholders' initial conception of the nurse practitioner roles affected development. A dynamic interplay of individual, team‐related and contextual (e.g., financial and legal) factors shaped these conceptions. Through co‐design, stakeholders' conception evolved as insights were shared, misconceptions challenged and perspectives broadened. Physicians generally the developmental process, while nursing leadership was more fragmented.This study identifies patterns and dynamics in interdisciplinary teams during the developmental process. The key findings underpin the crucial role of stakeholders' conceptions, use of co‐design and leadership in this process. Therefore, a thorough understanding of initial conceptions is ess, and efforts should be directed towards providing sufficient knowledge and experience to prevent misconceptions. Additionally, this study emphasises the significance of a balanced team composition that incorporates diverse conceptions of the role. Finally, actions should be taken to empower leadership among nurses.Identified dynamics offer insights for healthcare organisations developing nurse practitioner roles. Educational institutions can use these insights to enhance healthcare professionals' curricula, preparing healthcare professionals for evolving advanced nursing roles and leadership. Additionally, it emphasises the necessity for policy work to establish a legal framework for nurse practitioners in Belgium.The ‘Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research’ were used for reporting.This study did not involve direct participation from patients or the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This participatory action research initiative was undertaken in Thailand to promote carbon-neutral tourism (CNT). The research involved the engagement of multiple stakeholders in the value chain to co-create a valuable CNT route for Nong Khao sub-district tourism in Kanchanaburi Province. A service design approach was applied in this study, consisting of four phases: building engagement and awareness, exploring customer needs, co-creating a route, and assessing the results. The findings revealed that tourists exhibited a strong preference towards the CNT trip option. The implementation of the activities resulted in an increased net profit margin of 165.31% due to cost reduction, sale-price growth, and larger tourist numbers. The research provides important value co-creation of CNT management guidelines for community tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]