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This article explores themes of precarity and hope through histories of tourism in Quilotoa, Ecuador. The initial embrace of tourism among Quilotoans in the late 1980s responded to prevailing conditions of precarity in the livelihoods of young migrant laborers from Quilotoa and other rural indigenous communities of the Ecuadorian highlands. The sense of hope that prevailed among Quilotoans by the mid 2010s was rooted in their collective management of tourism as a shared resource, and their shared feeling that tourism provided a bulwark against the intense pressure to migrate that was still felt by young people in neighboring communities. Yet the collapse of tourism in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the precarity of tourism itself, and many young Quilotoans have once again been forced to leave home in search of precarious wage labor opportunities. This article identifies how the ebbs and flows of hope, precarity, tourism, and labor migration are linked in Quilotoa, and how they are managed collectively by the Center for Community Tourism that oversees tourism there. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With many international entities pushing for the protection of 30% of terrestrial and marine habitat by 2030 through the 30x30 global initiative, the expansion of protected areas (PA) will inevitably interface with populations carrying lived experiences of PA management as well as their community's collective memory of how the promises and outcomes of previous PA establishments materialized. One community recently experiencing a government's desire to expand a PA is the Ngöbe Indigenous community of Salt Creek, located in and around the Bastimentos Island National Marine Park in Bocas del Toro, Panama. This qualitative case study applies an intergenerational social capital lens to demonstrate that time does not heal past grievances with park administration as broken social capital is a type of intergenerational trauma. It is suggested that repairing social capital is vital to achieving future sustainable tourism and global PA targets but will be a long and intentional process to overcome the collective memory of broken promises. While governments may find it expedient to expand PAs in areas with less resistance, we suggest the investment in repairing social capital will likely lead to better social and environmental outcomes and better align with the ethos of sustainable tourism and collaborative governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fides et Ratio is the property of Universidad La Salle de Bolivia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As the primary method of accessing the south side of the Alaska Range, aviation plays a critical role in providing visitor access to some of the most spectacular regions of Denali National Park and Preserve. In recent years, flightseeing and glacier-landing tourism in Denali has grown considerably, bringing with it several benefits, impacts, and challenges being felt both within the national park and in the gateway community of Talkeetna, Alaska. This paper seeks to integrate sustainable tourism planning, stakeholder perspectives, and national park management using Talkeetna and Denali as a case study. Specifically, this research uses qualitative methods to document stakeholder-identified impacts of the growth in aviation tourism and considers local perspectives of tourism planning and management challenges. Results indicate that the impacts of growth in aviation tourism are being felt both within and outside the boundaries of the national park, demonstrating the need to consider the broader context of the complex tourism system affected by growth in aviation in the region. Findings also reveal that local stakeholders perceive several administrative challenges affecting the ability of the National Park Service to effectively manage impacts of aviation tourism, offering important insight into regional-scale tourism administration and potential future park management decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dictamen Libre is the property of Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There are challenges to community-based tourism (CBT) post-COVID-19, and some health measures still need to be taken to prevent the risk of people spreading the disease and remaining safe from infection. It is especially important for those in rural areas, who may have limited access to healthcare and other resources, and certain health measures can be taken to protect themselves and others. Nineteen tourism community cases from rural Ayutthaya were selected for study since their CBT recovered faster from the pandemic than in other provinces. Data were recorded and collected on the physical and actual conditions of the properties surveyed. Principal component analysis was then implemented to the dataset to clarify the major spatial management attributes contributing to decisions on the operation of the tourism community during a crisis. The study results revealed that multi-center tourism communities with several activity bases were more able to fully operate and quickly return to tourism. This pattern of community spatiality is a key factor in promoting resilience in the tourism community during and after the pandemic. The findings are expected to benefit the development of post-COVID-19 community tourism to suggest appropriate approaches for managing a geospatial tourism community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The escalating ecological risks associated with Community Tourism (CT) pose a significant threat to ecosystem conservation worldwide, yet methods to predict and prevent CT-induced problems remain underexplored. In the context of the pronounced emphasis on the economic advantages of CT and its extensive implementation, the spatial prediction of CT-induced ecological issues and the corresponding effective preventative strategies are crucial. This study integrates composite indicators, Public Participation Geographic Information Systems, spatial statistics, and scenario analysis to develop Community Tourism Ecological Risk Models (CTERMs). Using the Qinghai Lake region as a case study, this study quantifies the spatial distribution of ecological risks associated with CT, identify priority areas for intervention, and propose enhanced mitigation strategies. Results indicate that CTERMs effectively pinpoint sites of ecological concern, making them valuable tools for forecasting CT-induced problems. Although high-risk areas constitute a small portion of the study area, significant disparities among communities highlight three clusters requiring urgent preventive measures. The current tourism concession layout is inadequate for mitigating CT-induced ecological risks. Adjusting the locations of concessions, while maintaining their current number, can significantly reduce ecological threats and protect endangered species. These findings demonstrate that strategic concession placement offers considerable ecological benefits. As new frameworks for biodiversity conservation are being considered, conservation scientists and policymakers are presented with an opportunity to integrate community development, poverty reduction, and ecosystem conservation by utilizing CTERMs for the strategic allocation of concessions.

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sumaco is the easternmost active volcano in Ecuador, and is in the sub-Andean zone, towards the northwest of the country, and located in the Pleistocene Napo Uplift. Together, the tectonic setting of the eastern Andes and Amazonian plain is the main regional feature determining high ecological, landscape, geological and biological diversity. In addition, indigenous cultures of the Amazon have acquired a special status associated with their ancient and contemporary history, transforming it into a mystical element for locals and visitors. These natural and cultural conditions are the perfect framework for adventure tourism and geotourism activities. Community tourism is one of the main economic livelihoods of the Pacto Sumaco community, which has managed to interact with various local and national actors through its Community Tourism Center, creating strategies for sustainable use, conservation, control, monitoring and maintenance of the core area of the Sumaco Biosphere Reserve, being considered an ideal example that demonstrates good practices of local-based tourism. This article discusses holistically the main criteria that have made it possible to strengthen geotourism activities in the Sumaco volcano: geodiversity, biodiversity, ecosystem services, cultural and historical heritage and community participation, as well as key institutional elements, and infrastructures for management and tourism development.

The level of participation of women in community tourism is important due to inclusion and improvements in the local area of development. The main objective of the research is to analyze the participation of women in the tourism sector of the Sancán Commune, Jipijapa, Manabí, Ecuador. The methodology was clearly based on an exhaustive bibliographic review, which allowed the compilation of information from various academic sources, articles and other research carried out in this town. This review provided solid knowledge on the topic, facilitating the analysis and interpretation of the results. The results highlight the findings on the level of participation of women in tourism in the Sancán Commune and that entrepreneurship not only shows the diversity of roles occupied by women, but also stands as a crucial way to improve the style of life of the inhabitants of the Commune. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario Turismo y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia, Facultad de Empresas Turísticas y Hoteleras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Community research has been a significant topic in various fields over time. This study (a) constructs a structural equation model for hypothetical community relationships between six factors: tourist interaction, positive emotional experience, general emotional experience, tourists' subjective well‐being, tourist satisfaction, and tourist destination loyalty, and (b) examines the impact of tourists' emotional experiences on their destination loyalty by taking community members as the main survey objects. The results show that tourist emotional experiences have a positive impact on tourists' loyalty. Finally, taking Guilin's evolution into a world‐class tourism city as an example, we propose suggestions on the development of community tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sumaco is the easternmost active volcano in Ecuador, and is in the sub-Andean zone, towards the northwest of the country, and located in the Pleistocene Napo Uplift. Together, the tectonic setting of the eastern Andes and Amazonian plain is the main regional feature determining high ecological, landscape, geological and biological diversity. In addition, indigenous cultures of the Amazon have acquired a special status associated with their ancient and contemporary history, transforming it into a mystical element for locals and visitors. These natural and cultural conditions are the perfect framework for adventure tourism and geotourism activities. Community tourism is one of the main economic livelihoods of the Pacto Sumaco community, which has managed to interact with various local and national actors through its Community Tourism Center, creating strategies for sustainable use, conservation, control, monitoring and maintenance of the core area of the Sumaco Biosphere Reserve, being considered an ideal example that demonstrates good practices of local-based tourism. This article discusses holistically the main criteria that have made it possible to strengthen geotourism activities in the Sumaco volcano: geodiversity, biodiversity, ecosystem services, cultural and historical heritage and community participation, as well as key institutional elements, and infrastructures for management and tourism development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of study is to.-1) develop an augmented reality for promoting tourism routes, and 2) promote and publish knowledge of the culture of the local community's way of life. The research was divided into four stages: collecting community data, application development, tool performance testing, and the transfer of knowledge to the community. The sample group consisted of local community people and tourists (120 people) in Bung Wai Sub-district, using a purposive sampling method. The research tools consisted of.-1) the AR BungWaiTravel application, 2) the application suitability assessment of experts, and 3) evaluation of user satisfaction with the application. The statistics used in the research were mean and standard deviation. The result of the research consisted of 4 parts.-1) A broadsheet promoting Bung Wai tourist attractions consisting of 7 attractions and product information of Bung Wai Sub-district. 2) Media attraction and 3D models of wickerwork products. 3) QR code of attraction locations via Google Map navigation system. 4) Applications on the system an Android operation called AR BungWaiTravel. The evaluation of the suitability of the experts found that the 1 อา overall suitability assessment was at a very good level, and 2) the overall satisfaction assessment of the application users for promoting community tourism routes was at a high level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research departs from several fundamental issues related to community-based tourism development in Mandeh. The information that emerged regarding the slow development of the Mandeh at this time was due to several stakeholders still trapped in the paradigm and shortterm mindset in tourism management. Furthermore, the problem that was also found was that a community-based tourism development program that was oriented towards sustainable development had not been designed. Therefore, this study aims to develop and test the community-based tourism model in Mandeh. The research used qualitative methods with data analysis techniques using the CAQDA Software-NVivo. The results showed that building community-based tourism must start by strengthening the community and the community development dimension. From the model test, it can be concluded that from the analysis of stakeholder answers, it can be stated that they accept the model being tested because it is relevant to the dynamics and problems faced in the development of community-based tourism in Mandeh. The results of this research imply that stakeholders can use this model to design a pattern of community-based tourism development that is more sustainable in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over three decades, community-based tourism and sustainable tourism have emerged as innovative approaches to tourism development. Yet, only limited reviews have been conducted. Using VOSviewer software, this bibliometric review analyzed 869 Scopus-indexed documents on sustainable community-based tourism for research insights. The study suggests the recent trend has shifted from developed toward developing countries. Research foci include tourist and resident satisfaction, the effects of sustainable community-based tourism on economic growth, stakeholder participation and decision-making, and heritage conservation. Future research directions are suggested with a focus on post-pandemic resilience and the contributions of community-based tourism toward global sustainable development goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario Turismo y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia, Facultad de Empresas Turísticas y Hoteleras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Turismo is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Turismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article approaches livelihood alterations in Indigenous communities of the Ecuadorian Amazon as means of adaptation and resistance to socio-environmental impacts brought along by the expansion of global capitalism. The cases comprise collective Indigenous endeavors in typically capitalist sectors - tourism and mining - illustrated by the experiences of Kichwa community tourism in Shiripuno in the central Amazon, and sustainable mining in the southern Amazonian Shuar community of Congüime (Kenkuim). The aim is to unravel these emerging livelihood strategies in relation to Indigenous ethno-cultural identity. Methodologically, we rely on comparative and ethnographic work in the field with Indigenous actors, and on a theoretical framework anchored in the concepts of innovators, cultural boundary changes (Fredrik Barth), social fields of force (William Roseberry), and intercultural regimes (Fernando Galindo and Xavier Albó). In both empirical cases - Indigenous-controlled tourism and mining - communities are framing their ethnic identity to engage with, and positively reposition themselves in relation to the wider society. We hold that these endeavors must be comprehended as highly innovative, and that indigeneity and cultural boundaries can be strengthened by socio-cultural changes toward livelihoods previously considered as “unauthentic” or “non-Indigenous”. We also argue that these new livelihood orientations have (purposely) altered gender relations within the communities in benefit of women. Additionally, our cases suggest that cultural strengthening and gender empowerment, among other positive outcomes, requires a nuanced apprehension of indigeneity as a partly floating concept and instrument gaining ground amid the increasing interconnectedness of ancient traditions and capitalist modernity.

Copyright of Revista Telos is the property of Revista Telos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Whilst numerous studies have explored residents' perceptions of tourism, there are three significant gaps with Social Exchange Theory (SET). First, the appropriateness and generalisability; second, the heterogeneity of host population perceptions; third, perceptions in non‐Western empirical contexts. A mixed methods study was conducted, using 36 face‐to‐face interviews with expatriates and nationals in Dubai to develop a survey instrument which returned over 400 responses. Results show that whilst SET is appropriate and partially generalisable, substantial adjustments are required to account for external factors such as culture and the political environment. We propose a new theory of Tourism Returns and Moderators to show a more holistic outcome, weighted perceptions, varying moderators, and greater individualised focus. In this study, participants had a preference to support tourism, did not refer to a cost‐benefit trade‐off, and generally favoured economic benefits over others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community tourism is generally carried out in areas and communities with a low level of development with a vast natural and cultural heritage that has the potential to attract tourists. Tourism development in these areas must take place in a planned manner, promoting economic, social and environmental development that generates decent employment that improves the quality of life of the population and guarantees the appreciation and conservation of natural and cultural heritage. This study analyzes the conditions of community tourism and the management of the Association of Tourism, Crafts, and Defense of Cultural Heritage Karajía, Amazonas, Peru. The study was descriptive, with a non-experimental cross-sectional design, using a matrix of the minimum conditions as a technique for developing community tourism and the survey of the management with a sample of 50 members of the association. The results show that it is feasible and meets the conditions of the Guidelines for the Development of Community Tourism in Peru to be part of the Community Tourism Strategy by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Tourism with a score of 26.84, and the management of the Association of Tourism, Crafts, and Defense of Cultural Heritage Karajía presented a medium level with 72%. It was concluded that the community tourism enterprise managed by the Karajía Communal Tourism Association meets the minimum conditions for developing community tourism in Peru, however, it needs to strengthen the management of the enterprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism strategies implemented all over the world have often been demonstrably far from sustainable. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and its dramatic effects on the tourism sector worldwide present a unique transformative opportunity to reframe tourism in more sustainable ways. This article uses qualitative research methods and ethnography to advance knowledge on the impacts, both positive and negative, of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism and heritage sites, as perceived by local stakeholders living and/or working at six popular heritage destinations in Sub-Saharan Africa, located in Kenya, Tanzania, and South Africa. The article discusses ways to rethink heritage-based tourism strategies more sustainably, according to the viewpoint of the research participants, and identifies new emerging tourism opportunities triggered by the pandemic, cutting across different local contexts to highlight more widely generalisable research findings. Identified strategies include diversifying tourism products at heritage sites; improving tourism marketing, visitors' experience, and infrastructures; fostering more inclusive, co-operative, and integrated tourism and heritage management systems; increasing awareness of local resources while promoting ecotourism and responsible travel; and supporting economic diversification and local entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The similarity that exists between the concepts expressed by various authors on the theories of social technology (TS), local-based tourism (TBL) and community-based tourism (TBC) is analyzed in order to achieve a foundation from which new visions can be generated to reinforce the local development of the various communities dedicated to tourism, through a different socio-environmental model from those carried out with mass tourism. Part of the literature review used in the research of the double doctorate is presented, based on the aforementioned theoretical references. The analysis and conclusions demonstrate the need to carry out further dialogues, approximations and exchanges between these fields of knowledge, both in theory and in practice; thus, actions can be taken that imply the social inclusion of the less favored population, through logical, beneficial and sustainable tourist activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community Based Tourism (CBT) has been proposed as an effective instrument to contribute to the conservation of natural areas and the sustainability of rural and indigenous economies. However, risks that may increase the vulnerability of host societies have also been identified. These critical analyses have focused on economic, socio-cultural or environmental impact. The role of the local population in the design and implementation of tourism proposals has not generated as much interest. This article asks under what conditions participatory processes allow CBT projects to assume the interests and desires of the local population, or when they are only an empty exercise aimed at legitimizing the objectives of funding agencies. The analysis of an ethnographic case (Valle de Manduriacos, Ecuador) finds that participatory processes work when two factors are present. On the one hand - as the literature on participatory processes states - when the local population has social capital and solid organizational structures. But also when they know how the sector of intervention works - the tourism sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Turismo is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Turismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on the role of cultural associations in promoting small tourism and social inclusion in the Bonfim neighborhood of Oporto, Portugal. Topics discussed include the impact of tourism on local communities, the economic sustainability and management of cultural associations, and the potential for cultural associations to serve as creative and sustainable small tourism options for tourists seeking authentic local experiences.

The purpose of this study is to offer a comprehensive understanding of community development. We conducted a thorough review of 25 years of sustainable community tourism literature, examining about 110 published articles. Besides synthesizing the essential indicators that shape sustainable community development, this review also outlines some of its key benefits and challenges. Holistically, the review presents a broader perspective about socio-environmental as well as economic indicators of sustainable community development, while focusing on elements that are effectively necessary to implement sustainability. Importantly, this review adds to the growing body of knowledge, while lending crucial insights in terms of practical implications, which we believe would enable policymakers to both consider and comprehend community development through the lens of sustainable tourism at regional and remote destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The planning of tourism activity in the global context has generally been short-term and without inclusion of local communities. This situation has affected the territorial identity and the use of tourist activity itself as a development strategy both globally and locally. In the search for balance, community tourism emerges as a link between economic activity and community participation in a context of changes and new challenges. The objective of this research project was to propose a model built from the theoretical review that shows the convergence between the variables of strategic planning and community tourism applicable to local contexts. The methodology applied focused on the inductive method, with a descriptive and propositional scope. Two types of data collection instruments were developed and applied: a semi-structured interview guide and a questionnaire. The exercise was carried out in a tourist municipality in Mexico and the results reflect the deterioration of territorial identity and social cohesion. Therefore, it is essential to promote the re-evaluation of natural, cultural, and historical resources. Likewise, it was concluded that the proposed model is a diagnostic tool and generator of strategies for community tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a tourism industry historically dominated by outside influences, the island of Bali has striven for greater local resident involvement. Community-based tourism (CBT) has thereby become an increasingly preferred tourism development approach rooted in promises of more inclusive opportunities for community empowerment, a notion reflected in the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Drawing upon SDG17 – Partnerships for the Goals – and specifically focusing on SDG17.9 – Capacity building, SDG17.14 – Enhancing policy coherence for sustainable development, and SDG17.16 and SDG17.17 – Multi-stakeholder partnerships, this paper investigates the "social empowerment" that results from interactions between CBT actors, and the factors that support or hinder residents' empowerment through CBT in rural Bali. This paper presents empirical evidence from an ethnographic study in three villages at different stages of tourism development. Through a generative conceptualisation of power, embedded in the rather hierarchical Balinese socio-cultural context, this paper contributes new understandings of empowerment in CBT, particularly the extent to which partnerships and collaborations create spaces for residents' empowerment and greater inclusion for sustainable CBT development, in line with Agenda 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this research is 1) To analyse the confirmatory factor analysis of the community tourism holistic experience of Thais tourist, and 2) To study the community tourism holistic experience of Thais tourist. Prerequisite data were collected by online survey using convenient sampling techniques from 637 tourists. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the demographic profile and travel behavior. A confirmatory factor analysis was employed to analyze the destination experience s community tourism. The results of confirmatory factor analysis on destination brand sense indicated four principal factor dimensions are: 1) Interactive Participation, 2) Local lifestyle Base Activity, 3) Authenticity and 4) The Community Ecosystem. After a model adjustment with modified modification indices, the results were chi-square probability level = 0.095, relative chi-square = 1.358, goodness-of-fit-index = 0.988, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.024. (IRB number EC. 2-001/2021). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Border is often used as a way to define a tourism scenic area and enable a management potential. However, both its development as well as its impacts in the tourism context remains under-researched. Through linking the (im)mobilities of residents, tourists and materiality with borders, the nature of border and its impacts on local communities can be better understood. In this paper, interviews and observation were conducted to explore the intricacies of local border and (im)mobilities at a bordered community attraction in China. The findings show that: (a) local borders can increase mobilities in different dimensions; (b) tourism development accelerates the transformation of a production place (traditional rural community) into a consumption place; and (c) immobile facilities/infrastructures represent the interests of stakeholders by guiding and governing mobilities. This paper argues that borders for community tourism are made for the economic gains with the social costs. And the functions, as well as impacts of local border can be better understood with the consideration of (im)mobilities. Implications of this study are provided in closing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The community-based modality is consolidating as a way of organizing tourism in rural areas, although its conceptualization and implementation is diverse. The State has a relevant role in the promotion, planning and extension of tour-ism in a territory. For this reason, we are interested in analyzing how the notions of community tourism are constructed -and regulated- from public policies based on regulatory frameworks. Thus, this paper analyzes the course of the institutionalization of community tourism in Argentina based on its existing national and provincial legislation. As a result, we observe a diversity of ways to define rural tourism and the participation of communities based on what is meant by rural tourism and which sectors of the communities are involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Políticas Culturais em Revista is the property of Politicas Culturais em Revista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)