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Our democracy is in trouble today, and libraries must once again step into the breach and reimagine their civic role in these changing times. But exactly how can each library figure out what role it should play in its community? How can libraries ward off growing demands to be all things to all people? This article lays out a path forward for libraries—not to turn more inward and merely seek survival but to be bolder and braver in embracing their communities by turning outward and playing a vital role in community life. Libraries in all 50 US states are taking this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on brand communities has burgeoned over the past 2 decades. Today many, if not most, sport organizations are entertaining dedicated brand communities. This article traces the development of community thinking in the field of sport management and marketing. Key articles on brand communities in leading journals in the field are identified, reviewed, and their core contributions distilled. By drawing on literature from adjacent fields, seven areas of future research are proposed: make or buy community, getting value from community, building a community capability, solving the community engagement puzzle, focusing on effective community engagement practices, analyzing the full community life cycle, and community for Web 3.0. The article provides a number of recommendations for future research on brand communities in sport management and marketing, enabling scholars to advance knowledge for both research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Indigenous populations have increased risk of developing diabetes and experience poorer treatment outcomes than the general population. The FORGE AHEAD program partnered with First Nations communities across Canada to improve access to resources by developing community-driven primary healthcare models. Methods: This was an economic assessment of FORGE AHEAD using a payer perspective. Costs of diabetes management and complications during the 18-month intervention were compared to the costs prior to intervention implementation. Cost-effectiveness of the program assessed incremental differences in cost and number of resources utilization events (pre and post). Primary outcome was all-cause hospitalizations. Secondary outcomes were specialist visits, clinic visits and community resource use. Data were obtained from a diabetes registry and published literature. Costs are expressed in 2023 Can$. Results: Study population was ~ 60.5 years old; 57.2% female; median duration of diabetes of 8 years; 87.5% residing in non-isolated communities; 75% residing in communities < 5000 members. Total cost of implementation was $1,221,413.60 and cost/person $27.89. There was increase in the number and cost of hospitalizations visits from 8/$68,765.85 (pre period) to 243/$2,735,612.37. Specialist visits, clinic visits and community resource use followed this trend. Conclusion: Considering the low cost of intervention and increased care access, FORGE AHEAD represents a successful community-driven partnership resulting in improved access to resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Perinatal intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent problem in Peru, but no evidence-based interventions have been developed to address the needs of Peruvian pregnant women exposed to IPV. The current qualitative study examined existing resources in Lima, Peru for IPV-exposed pregnant women, barriers to women's access to resources, and how to make a new intervention for these women accessible and responsive to their needs. Method: Using thematic analysis, the study analyzed qualitative focus groups data from healthcare providers (N = 11) and pregnant women (N = 14, 50% of whom had experienced perinatal IPV) in Lima. Results: Women used word of mouth from other women to determine which community resources were trustworthy. Obstacles to resource utilization included IPV-related barriers, emotional barriers, and lack of knowledge about, access to, and trust in community and legal resources. Participants discussed that future interventions for IPV-exposed pregnant women should provide information to bolster women's resilience across the lifespan, such as childhood education about safe sex and gender equality, and education in adulthood about safety planning for IPV, healthy relationships, and maternal health and infant care. To improve resource accessibility, participants described the importance of fostering trust among women and healthcare providers, providing childcare, transportation, and mental and physical health services at little to no cost. Conclusion: Study findings have important implications for mental health supports, women's access to information, and broader social efforts aimed at reducing perinatal IPV in Peru, especially the role of accessible community resources in fostering women's resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explains how participatory approaches can promote civic engagement among young people, resulting from their active involvement in the research process, namely identifying their communities' priorities and problems. Five project‐building sessions were held with young people from five contexts located in the border regions of mainland Portugal. The data supporting this article were collected during sessions dedicated to identifying and exploring community‐based problems and priorities and designing projects to address those local challenges. The results show the importance of contextualising young people's experiences and priorities, here related to their own community and its well‐being and development. It is here that using participatory methodologies can create opportunities for young people to participate in processes of community change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Referral to social and health services is a core process of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC). We evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a referral innovation implemented at two New York City WIC sites. This program aimed to improve retention by increasing WIC's perceived value by addressing unmet needs of WIC families. The two main components were needs assessment via conversation and a closed-loop referral process for WIC families with children aged 6–9 months and 18–21 months. Design: Referral outcomes from Unite Us and program data were tracked and assessed using descriptive univariate analyses. We conducted 29 in-depth interviews with caregivers and six focus groups with WIC and CBO staff. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic framework analysis. Results: From February 2020 through January 2021, 1,675 WIC caregivers participated in a conversation about their family's needs. Four hundred sixty-one caregivers were referred to at least one service. 95 received services or benefits. In interviews, caregivers viewed referrals to other services positively but were not aware WIC could address needs holistically. In focus groups, WIC staff liked the conversation script but highlighted barriers to making referrals. CBO partners valued network participation as it increased their reach to new families. Conclusions and Implications: Our approach facilitated targeted referrals for WIC participants. It is an acceptable enhancement of the WIC referral process with potential to strengthen WIC as a community provider. Significance: What is Already Known on this Subject?: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) provides nutrition education, nutrition supplementation, breastfeeding support, and referrals, and is associated with improved health outcomes for participating families. What does this Study Add?: This manuscript describes the approach of and stakeholder perspectives on a novel approach to referral-making at one WIC agency. This innovation aimed to improve the existing process with closed-loop coordination through an online referral platform. The study adds to the limited research on WIC referral processes in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Home visiting programs provide support services to families and their children to promote positive health outcomes. This study sought to describe strategies employed by home visiting programs during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic to address the community resource and social service needs of home visiting clients in Georgia. Methods: We conducted a mixed methods study between December 2020 and April 2021 using online surveys and key informant interviews of home visiting staff and clients from 21 program sites. Structured content analysis was conducted of the triangulated data to elicit thematic findings. Results: Due to the pandemic-induced economic conditions, clients expressed increased demand for housing, employment, and childcare support services. Staff experienced challenges with client referrals to these services because of interruptions in social service availability and transitions to virtual services. In response to these challenges, home visiting programs strengthened existing community partnerships and created new collaborations with local agencies to fill any gaps in services. Discussion: Home visiting programs in Georgia provided critical linkages to community resources for families during the early phase of the pandemic. Preserving this essential home visiting service in future national emergencies will require improved coordination of community resources and social services. Significance: Home visiting programs have long demonstrated positive outcomes and benefits to families across the United States. The connection to resources has been described as an important component of home visiting services. Home visiting staff were successful in addressing the increased resource needs of clients during the COVID-19 pandemic. They were successful because of the variety of strategies they implemented such as collaborations with service providers and local agencies. This emphasizes the significance of resource coordination as a home visiting service in supporting families especially during national public health emergencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivation Currently there is a lack of efficient computational pipelines/tools for conducting simultaneous genome mapping of pathogen-derived and host reads from single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) output from pathogen-infected cells. Contemporary options include processes involving multiple steps and/or running multiple computational tools, increasing user operations time. Results To address the need for new tools to directly map and quantify pathogen and host sequence reads from within an infected cell from scRNAseq datasets in a single operation, we have built a python package, called scPathoQuant. scPathoQuant extracts sequences that were not aligned to the primary host genome, maps them to a pathogen genome of interest (here as demonstrated for viral pathogens), quantifies total reads mapping to the entire pathogen, quantifies reads mapping to individual pathogen genes, and finally integrates pathogen sequence counts into matrix files that are used by standard single cell pipelines for downstream analyses with only one command. We demonstrate that scPathoQuant provides a scRNAseq viral and host genome-wide sequence read abundance analysis that can differentiate and define multiple viruses in a single sample scRNAseq output. Availability and implementation The SPQ package is available software accessible at https://github.com/galelab/scPathoQuant (DOI 10.5281/zenodo.10463670) with test codes and datasets available https://github.com/galelab/Whitmore%5fscPathoQuant%5ftestSets (DOI 10.5281/zenodo.10463677) to serve as a resource for the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries, inhabited by different ethnic and cultural groups. One of the minority groups in the nation, the Negede Woyto of the Lake Tana Catchment Area, has been marginalised in terms of various aspects. Besides reconstructing the history of this minority group, this article strives to investigate the changes and continuities in the social, economic, and political lives of the minority group from a historical perspective. To this end, both primary and secondary sources were collected and used. Based on the analysis, the study found that communal life, low social capital, marginalisation, conflict of values, a lack of institutions that protect minorities, low political participation, and a lack of secure means of survival are identified as the main causes for the majority of the Negede Woyto Community to lead a life as subhuman with (in) dignity and chronic poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep learning (DL) algorithms have become increasingly popular in recent years for remote sensing applications, particularly in the field of change detection. DL has proven to be successful in automatically identifying changes in satellite images with varying resolutions. The integration of DL with remote sensing has not only facilitated the identification of global and regional changes but has also been a valuable resource for the scientific community. Researchers have developed numerous approaches for change detection, and the proposed work provides a summary of the most recent ones. Additionally, it introduces the common DL techniques used for detecting changes in satellite photos. The meta‐analysis conducted in this article serves two purposes. Firstly, it tracks the evolution of change detection in DL investigations, highlighting the advancements made in this field. Secondly, it utilizes powerful DL‐based change detection algorithms to determine the best strategy for monitoring changes at different resolutions. Furthermore, the proposed work thoroughly analyzes the performance of several DL approaches used for change detection. It discusses the strengths and limitations of these approaches, providing insights into their effectiveness and areas for improvement. The article also discusses future directions for DL‐based change detection, emphasizing the need for further research and development in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The holistic needs of Queer and Trans Latine students have been habitually excluded from prominent discussion in US higher education. This paper positions itself as an urgent addition to the literature on Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSI) and emerging HSI (eHSI) institutional identity to consider the needs of Queer and Trans Latine students directly. I conducted a total of four semi-structured interviews that were methodologically integrated with the testimonio framework. In these interviews, participants engaged in a journey toward healing from the injustices they (may) have faced at their eHSI while also deeply ingraining students in the process of what an equitable HSI institutional and organizational identity could be for Queer and Trans Latine students. The data were analyzed through an intersectionality and LatCrit theoretical framework. Findings showcase (1) the impact of department-level support of Queer and Trans identity as profoundly influential in students' Queer and Trans identity development and navigational capital and (2) the impact that low levels of visibility of Queer and Trans Latine persons on campus have on how Queer and Trans Latine students navigate campus services and faculty support. I conclude with a discussion on how Queer and Trans Latine student experiences should be explored to develop campus resources further and supports for a historically resilient population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: EDs are an essential service, and higher rates of presentations per population are seen in regional and remote areas compared to major cities. Australia‐wide differences in utilisation and performance remain largely unknown. Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective epidemiological study analysing data collected via the National Non‐Admitted Patient Emergency Department Care Database managed by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Data from all reporting public hospitals in Australia for the period between 1 July 2018 and 30 June 2019 were analysed. Reporting EDs were geographically categorised using the 2016 Australian Statistical Geography Standard – Remoteness Area. Results: ED presentations for the 293 reporting EDs were 8 352 192 (median 17 904, range 8–113 929), one‐third (33.09%, 95% CI 33.06–33.12) were outside major cities. Remote ED presentations were less likely to arrive by ambulance (12.13% [12.01–12.26]; major cites 28.07% [28.03–28.10]; regional 22.55% [22.50–22.60]) but more likely by police/correctional services vehicle (major cities 0.59% [0.58–0.60]; regional 0.71% [0.70–0.72]; remote 1.71% [1.66–1.76]). Presentations to remote EDs were more likely to leave without being attended by a health professional (5.29% [5.21–5.38]; major cities 3.93% [3.92–3.95]; regional 3.53% [3.51–3.55]). A larger proportion of admitted patients stayed at least 8 h in remote (21.83% [21.46–22.20]) and regional (21.52% [21.41–21.62]) EDs compared to major cities (19.82% [19.76–19.88]). Conclusions: Our study highlights ED utilisation, casemix and performance by location. The differences observed, especially areas of inequity and need for interventions, reiterate that imperative regional and remote EDs are appropriately resourced to support the communities they serve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), in combination with adverse community environments, can result in traumatic stress reactions, increasing a person's risk for chronic physical and mental health conditions. Family resilience refers to the ability of families to withstand and rebound from adversity; it involves coping with disruptions as well as positive growth in the face of sudden or challenging life events, trauma, or adversities. This study aimed to identify factors contributing to family and community resilience from the perspective of families who self-identified as having a history of adversity and being resilient during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study used Photovoice, a visual participatory research method which asks participants to take photographs to illustrate their responses to a research question. Participants consisted of a maximum variation sample of families who demonstrated family level resilience in the context of the pair of ACEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Family members were asked to collect approximately five images or videos that illustrated the facilitators and barriers to well-being for their family in their community. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted using the SHOWeD framework to allow participants to share and elucidate the meaning of their photos. Using thematic analysis, two researchers then independently completed line-by-line coding of interview transcripts before collaborating to develop consensus regarding key themes and interpretations. Results: Nine families were enrolled in the study. We identified five main themes that enhanced family resilience: (1) social support networks; (2) factors fostering children's development; (3) access and connection to nature; (4) having a space of one's own; and (5) access to social services and community resources. Conclusions: In the context of additional stresses related to the COVID-19 pandemic, resilient behaviours and strategies for families were identified. The creation or development of networks of intra- and inter-community bonds; the promotion of accessible parenting, housing, and other social services; and the conservation and expansion of natural environments may support resilience and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Breastfeeding has long-lasting effects on children's cognition, behavioral, mental and physical health. Previous research shows parental characteristics (e.g., education, race/ethnicity, income level) are associated with breastfeeding initiation and duration. Further, research shows significant variation in access to community resources by race/ethnicity. It is unclear how community resources may impact breastfeeding practices and how this might intersect with maternal race/ethnicity. Methods: This study combined nationally-representative data from the Study of Attitudes and Factors Effecting Infant Care (SAFE), which surveyed US mothers immediately after the infant's birth and at two to six months of infant age, with the Child Opportunity Index (COI) 2.0, a census tract measure of community resources associated with child development, to explore the association between community resources and breastfeeding initiation and whether this varies based on maternal race/ethnicity and country of birth. The SAFE Study used a stratified, two-stage, clustered design to obtain a nationally representative sample of mothers of infants, while oversampling Hispanic and non-Hispanic (NH) Black mothers. The SAFE study enrolled mothers who spoke English or Spanish across 32 US birth hospitals between January 2011 and March 2014. Results: After accounting for individual characteristics, mothers residing in the highest-resourced communities (compared to the lowest) had significantly greater likelihood of breastfeeding. Representation in higher-resourced communities differed by race/ethnicity. Race/ethnicity did not significantly moderate the association between community resources and breastfeeding. In examining within race/ethnic groups, however, community resources were not associated with non-US born Black and Hispanic mothers' rates of breastfeeding, while they were with US born Black and Hispanic mothers. Conclusions: Findings suggest that even health behaviors like breastfeeding, which we often associate with individual choice, are connected to the community resources within which they are made. Study implications point to the importance of considering the impact of the contextual factors that shape health and as a potential contributor to understanding the observed race/ethnicity gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The NOAA Sea Grant College Program is well suited to address aquatic invasive species issues based on the roles Sea Grant institutions play within their communities and the resources available to them through university systems. The three primary areas of a Sea Grant program--research, education, and outreach--can be used to limit and prevent the impacts of invasive species. Specifically, Sea Grant has expertise in natural science, social science, education, communication, legal support, and community science, all of which can help communities and aquatic invasive species management programs address these problematic species. This article shares examples of Sea Grant work as well as tips designed to inspire new communities and aquatic invasive species management programs to partner with Sea Grant to address these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various sacred narratives have different emphases on the shaping of natural space. Creation myths reveal the basic structure of natural space. Sacred narratives of mountain gods focus on how and why mountain forests are the source of life and stability for nearly all the species in the area. The myth of the hunting god and the legend of the Flower Festival have a remarkable endemicity. The consciousness of the community of life, which is fundamentally constructed in creation myths, reveals visible and sensible pictures in these two types of narratives. The literary imagination of these sacred narratives focuses on establishing and breaking through spatial boundaries. In the intertwining of an imaginative narrative and a realistic existence, the sacredness of natural spaces is established and can be experienced. Mountaineers imbue their practices with gracefulness and nobleness in the dimensions of emotion and morality through storytelling in order to shape the morphological characteristics and the life essence of natural spaces. The shaping of beautiful places and sublime realms in these narratives is a vivid expression of cosmology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2019, a noise complaint from a new, white resident of Shaw, a historically Black neighborhood of Washington, DC, led a local MetroPCS store to mute the go-go music that the storefront had played on its outdoor speakers for decades. The cultural and social implications of muting go-go music, a DC-originated genre of music that has played a central role in DC Black culture, inspired a viral hashtag, #dontmutedc, on social media, as well as a series of high-profile public protests against the muting. The #dontmutedc protests highlighted the increasing impact of gentrification on DC's Black communities, and connected gentrification to several other important social issues affecting Black DC residents. In the wake of the #dontmutedc incident, several DC-area activist organizations have integrated go-go music into major, public-facing racial justice projects. The first part of this article presents a brief history of go-go music and race in DC community life, mainstream media, and law enforcement in order to contextualize the work of go-go-centered activist work in the aftermath of the #dontmutedc protests. The second part of this article highlights the go-go-centered activist work of three organizations: the Don't Mute DC movement, Long Live Go-Go, and the Go-Go Museum and Café. These movements' projects will be used to categorize three distinct approaches to go-go-centered racial justice activism in the Washington, DC, area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dimension of privacy in the context of early modernity has become an important element of study of daily life at the time. The Livre Synodal contains information regarding the affairs of the French Reformed religious community in the United Provinces. The Livre Synodal is a source not for religious affairs but for matters relating to privacy and the life of the community. Based on two case studies, that of De La Rouille in Middelburg and Huguenin in Leiden and Wesel, the author assesses the perspectives of privacy existing in these, and analyses them through the prism of the so-called heuristic zones of privacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social scientists, geographers, criminologists, and health scientists are often tasked with finding data to best capture the impact of "community context" on individual outcomes, including residential services, physical resources, and social institutions. One outlet for such data in Canada is Digital Map Technologies Inc. (DMTI) Spatial, which offers a national repository of over one million businesses and recreational points of interest. The database is generated through CanMap Streetfiles, which includes geocodes of each point's precise location. These data are available to researchers from their university data library and Esri Canada, but primarily available to private sector and government markets. That said, the goal of the current paper is to encourage researchers to access this rich yet under‐utilized data source. Each service, business, or resource in the DMTI Spatial database is assigned to a respective category using Standard Industrial Classification codes and North American Industrial Classification System codes. It is not clear, however, which is the more reliable coding criteria. We provide an overview of our review of DMTI Spatial data and take‐away suggestions for using this valuable resource for future research on meso‐level residential markers. Key messages: The goal of this paper is to outline existing data source(s) and measures from DMTI Spatial that might help capture meso‐level residential institutions.We recommend "best practices" for using DMTI Spatial data in researchers' own work to capture neighbourhood resources/amenities, or the social infrastructure of the community using either Standard Industrial Classification codes or North American Industrial Classification System codes.We conclude that Standard Industrial Classification codes in DMTI Spatial enhanced points of interest data are more complete—and more accurate—than North American Industrial Classification System codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Residents of low‐socioeconomic status (SES) neighborhoods suffer from social, economic, and health problems and high exposure to crime and neglect. Based on the social cure approach, the study aimed to examine whether community resources are associated with resilience and well‐being, and whether they mediate the associations between personal resources and these outcomes. The moderating effect of participating in community activity was also investigated. A total of 400 residents of low‐SES communities, 200 of whom were community activists, completed questionnaires measuring personal resources, community resources, and the outcomes (resilience, well‐being). Structural equation modeling revealed the mediating role of community resources. Moderation analysis indicated that different paths led to the outcomes among activists and nonactivists. The results indicate that personal resources alone do not substantially enhance welfare in low‐SES communities, but should be channeled through community belonging and commitment. Moreover, professionals working with these communities should take into account the distinctions between activists and nonactivists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores relationships between experiences of embodiment and intuitive eating, and with the psychological resources of life satisfaction, affect, optimism, and self-compassion. A central aim is to increase understanding of positive dimensions of embodiment, eating behaviour, and wellbeing beyond a deficit-based framework and is the first to quantitatively explore experiences of embodiment and intuitive eating. Experience of embodiment describes phenomenological experiences regarding existing within a body within socio-cultural environments. Intuitive eating represents a positive relationship with eating on the opposite side of the spectrum to disordered eating. A community sample of women (n = 278; mage 34.9 ± 11.8 years; 81% Caucasian) completed measures of experiences of embodiment, intuitive eating, life satisfaction, positive and negative affect, optimism, and self-compassion. Experiences of embodiment were significantly correlated with intuitive eating and all psychological resources. Only intuitive eating, satisfaction with life, positive and negative affect, and pessimism contributed to a significant unique portion of the variance when intuitive eating, satisfaction with life, positive and negative affect, optimism and pessimism, self-compassion, and age were included in a model predicting experiences of embodiment. All intuitive eating subscales were significantly correlated with experiences of embodiment. Two intuitive eating subscales uniquely predicted experiences of embodiment in multiple linear regression modelling: Eating for Physical Rather than Emotional Reasons and Body-Food Choice Congruence. This greater understanding of relationships between embodiment, intuitive eating, and psychological resources expands our understanding of women's embodied realities and strengthens the argument for integrating an embodiment lens in psychology, public heath, and social discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community engagement is important for research, yet many researchers do not routinely seek feedback from people with lived experience. A key barrier to this engagement is that the resources required to create an advisory board may be unavailable to individual investigators, and creating an advisory board for a single study may often be impractical. In this column, the authors describe how to create a standing research advisory board that can serve as a shared resource for researchers and community members and provide a psychosis research advisory board example to aid discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Living Sea of Waking Dreams is a masterpiece by Australian author Richard Flanagan, following his Booker Prize win in 2014. The author uses magical realism to intertwine two ethical threads - the extinction of natural life and the desolation of human intrinsic life value -symbolized by the "disappearance" of the protagonist's body parts. The novel reflects on this dual crisis. Ultimately, Flanagan points out that the root cause of this dual crisis is the rupture of the community of life between humans and nature. Based on this, Flanagan calls for a re-examination of human subjectivity in his work, and the reshaping of a sense of community between humans and nature centered on symbiosis and coexistence, in order to save both the natural world and humanity itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On August 27, 1992, the General Motors (GM) auto plant in Van Nuys closed after a half-century serving the Northeast San Fernando Valley. Its closure undercut the livelihoods of auto workers like Raymond Álvarez and his father Ramón. Today, the father and son duo look at "The Plant," an outdoor shopping mall, and wonder whether the In-N-Out fast-food restaurant or T-Mobile store marks where they once stood on the assembly line. The departure of the GM plant and other long-standing manufacturing firms propelled the area into economic distress as Los Angeles was reeling from another crisis, the 1992 Uprising. In the wake of these events, elected officials clamored to revitalize the city. Six years later, "revitalization" came in the form of the shopping center, The Plant. By tracing the historical trajectory of one shuttered auto plant, from factory to shopping mall, this article demonstrates how neoliberal ideology gained legitimacy over the last several decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecotourism has evolved into a strategy for establishing sustainable livelihoods and plays a vital role in the management of local communities. It confronts numerous difficulties despite appearing to be the ideal tool for enhancing socio-economic development. This study examined how ecotourism helps local communities thrive through a case study of a tourist village in Wringinputih, Borobudur, Central Java, Indonesia. A series of observations and interviews were conducted to learn more about the ecotourism of rural development. The results showed two opposing views on the importance of the concept. It considerably improves perceptions of openness, ties-based local communities and resource preservation. On the other side, there are considerable obstacles to the tourist village's effective sustainability, including corruption, local disbelief in the government, and a lack of ecotourism in planning initiatives. Recommendations are made on how the development programme can offer a sharp analysis to comprehend the characteristics of local communities in the planning and management process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economies and livelihoods in the Caribbean strongly depend on the terrestrial and marine natural resource base. There are critical gaps in quantitative data and the contextual and compositional factors affecting perceptions of changes in ecosystems and natural resources. This paper used interview data from 441 households in Belize, Dominican Republic, and Suriname to explore the contextual and compositional determinants of perceptions of change in the quality of the terrestrial, coastal/marine environment and natural resources as a composite variable. The outcome variable comprised changes in fishing effort, marine and coastal environment, forest cover, agricultural land area, and soil fertility, and relationships with predictor variables were explored using univariate, bivariate, and three multivariate models. At the univariate level, most respondents in Belize and Suriname reported perceiving a significant increase in fishing effort (i.e. days and fuel spent at sea) and a decrease in forest cover, quality of the coastal/marine environment, area of agricultural land, and fertility and productivity of soils. Sex, marital status, household size, and years of experience were not significantly associated with the terrestrial variables and fishing effort. Sex was only significantly associated with the quality of the marine environment. At the multivariate level, the elderly, high school education, and household incomes were associated with a lower perception of the outcome variable. It is concluded that policy and interventions should strongly consider ethnicity and community, and improve education and household incomes to enhance perceptions of changes in the quality of the terrestrial and coastal/marine environment in the studied countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single-cell RNA-seq data allow the quantification of cell type differences across a growing set of biological contexts. However, pinpointing a small subset of genomic features explaining this variability can be ill-defined and computationally intractable. Here we introduce MarkerMap, a generative model for selecting minimal gene sets which are maximally informative of cell type origin and enable whole transcriptome reconstruction. MarkerMap provides a scalable framework for both supervised marker selection, aimed at identifying specific cell type populations, and unsupervised marker selection, aimed at gene expression imputation and reconstruction. We benchmark MarkerMap's competitive performance against previously published approaches on real single cell gene expression data sets. MarkerMap is available as a pip installable package, as a community resource aimed at developing explainable machine learning techniques for enhancing interpretability in single-cell studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. To compare the mental health outcomes of US-born with immigrant caregivers of adult care recipients. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis of the 2019 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS), administered via web or telephone to 22 152 participants between September and December 2019. We characterized (1) caregivers and noncaregivers, and (2) US-born versus immigrant caregivers. Then, we estimated and compared (3) the relationship between caregiving status and severe psychological distress among US-born and immigrant respondents, and (4) correlates of severe psychological distress among US-born and immigrant respondents. Results. Caregivers were more likely than noncaregivers to report severe psychological distress (P <.05). Immigrant caregivers residing separately from their care recipient were significantly more likely to experience severe psychological distress (odds ratio = 3.76; P <.01). Conclusions. US-born and immigrant caregivers may experience different risk factors for psychological distress associated with caregiving. Clinical and community resources should be tailored to caregivers' distinct needs with consideration of how access to resources (e.g., language), circumstances (e.g., acculturation), and cultural norms (e.g., filial piety) may be associated with exacerbation of psychological distress among immigrants. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S2):S189–S199. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307396) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article evaluates the moral implications of two leading theories on biodiversity preservation/conservation (Paul Taylor's biocentric egalitarianism and J. Baird Callicott's holistic communitarianism). Taylor argues for the moral equality of all members of the Earth's community of life, calling for an ethic of respect for nature to conserve biodiversity. Callicott argues for the moral consideration of ecosystems to maintain their integrity, stability, and beauty. The article makes two major claims. First, we need a plausible account of moral egalitarianism to disrupt ethical anthropocentrism. Second, the ethics of respect for nature requires a critical bottom‐up character‐based ethical theory to be morally forceful. These missing elements are central to the ubuntu philosophy about personhood and are significant for enriching egalitarian‐communitarian solutions to biodiversity loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Preparing for old age is an adaptive behavior with positive consequences on well-being. This study examined; (a) the degree to which the importance associated with positive outcomes within specific domains of everyday functioning (e.g. social relationships, health) varies across ages and cultures; (b) the impact of importance on preparing for old age; and (c) whether the effects of importance were greater in later life. Methods Using data from adults aged 30–85 years in Germany (n = 623), Hong Kong (n = 317), and the United States (n = 313) collected over 5 years, we examined variations in importance ratings across age, cultures, and behavioral domains, and the extent to which age and importance predicted preparations. Results Importance ratings were found to vary with age, time of test, domains, and culture, reflecting the expected contextual effects. Importance also was a positive predictor of preparations, with the strength of prediction being somewhat greater in old age. Discussion The results provide evidence that the perceived importance of functioning within domains is affected by a number of contextual factors, including the domain of everyday function and culture. Given that importance also predicts preparations, such variation may help explain differences in preparations across contexts. In line with selective engagement theory, some support was also obtained for the prediction that older adults are more selective in engaging resources in support of preparations. Such selectivity can be viewed as an adaptive response to diminishing personal resources in later life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recovery coaches are individuals with lived experience with recovery from substance use disorder who typically engender a greater sense of trust than found with other types of healthcare providers. However, there currently are no validated tools that measure the connection between recovery coaches and their participants. The purpose of this study was to describe the initial development of the Scales for Participant Alliance with Recovery Coach (SPARC) to measure recovery coach connection or alliance, including initial psychometric analyses. Measurement development began with five scales of the Client Evaluation of Self Treatment (treatment participation, treatment satisfaction, rapport, peer support, and social support). Adapted items were pre-tested with focus groups (n = 8) to ensure they were meaningful and accurately reflected the domains (Study 1). After modifications, the SPARC has six scales (engagement, satisfaction, rapport, motivation and encouragement, role model and community linkage). The survey was piloted with 100 individuals (Study 2) age 18 or over who had met with a recovery coach within the last six months. Most study participants were male (60%) and white (87%) with less than two years in recovery. After removing two low performing items, the items for five of the domains had acceptable internal consistency. The items for the engagement domain had a slightly lower reliability. Findings suggest that items cover relevant recovery coach roles, are internally consistent within domains, and can be easily administered to individuals engaging in recovery coaching services. Additional research is needed with a larger, more heterogenous sample to further refine items. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tailoring support for first and second‐generation immigrant families with young children necessitates understanding the extent to which immigrant families initiate access to community resources and perceived support from formal and informal stakeholders in their ecology. As part of an exploratory analysis, we surveyed bilingual, immigrant parents (n = 54) in a mid‐Atlantic urban community in the United States. We examined factors that may correlate with seeking child‐related advice and/or emotional support. Sixty‐one percent of the sample approached at least one formal or informal contact for emotional support or advice in the past year, and willingness to do so was correlated with having a child with a suspected or diagnosed delay or disability. Stronger parent–stakeholder rapport was more likely to be reported with informal supports among younger parents (aged 20–30). Respondents with greater perceived parenting stress and child behaviour concerns were more likely to seek out stakeholders and less personalised sources. We discuss noteworthy implications for research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Machine learning (ML) has a rich history in structural bioinformatics, and modern approaches, such as deep learning, are revolutionizing our knowledge of the subtle relationships between biomolecular sequence, structure, function, dynamics and evolution. As with any advance that rests upon statistical learning approaches, the recent progress in biomolecular sciences is enabled by the availability of vast volumes of sufficiently-variable data. To be useful, such data must be well-structured, machine-readable, intelligible and manipulable. These and related requirements pose challenges that become especially acute at the computational scales typical in ML. Furthermore, in structural bioinformatics such data generally relate to protein three-dimensional (3D) structures, which are inherently more complex than sequence-based data. A significant and recurring challenge concerns the creation of large, high-quality, openly-accessible datasets that can be used for specific training and benchmarking tasks in ML pipelines for predictive modeling projects, along with reproducible splits for training and testing. Results: Here, we report 'Prop3D', a platform that allows for the creation, sharing and extensible reuse of libraries of protein domains, featurized with biophysical and evolutionary properties that can range from detailed, atomically-resolved physicochemical quantities (e.g., electrostatics) to coarser, residue-level features (e.g., phylogenetic conservation). As a community resource, we also supply a 'Prop3D-20sf' protein dataset, obtained by applying our approach to CATH. We have developed and deployed the Prop3D framework, both in the cloud and on local HPC resources, to systematically and reproducibly create comprehensive datasets via the Highly Scalable Data Service (HSDS). Our datasets are freely accessible via a public HSDS instance, or they can be used with accompanying Python wrappers for popular ML frameworks. Conclusion: Prop3D and its associated Prop3D-20sf dataset can be of broad utility in at least three ways. Firstly, the Prop3D workflow code can be customized and deployed on various cloud-based compute platforms, with scalability achieved largely by saving the results to distributed HDF5 files via HSDS. Secondly, the linked Prop3D-20sf dataset provides a hand-crafted, already-featurized dataset of protein domains for 20 highly-populated CATH families; importantly, provision of this pre-computed resource can aid the more efficient development (and reproducible deployment) of ML pipelines. Thirdly, Prop3D-20sf's construction explicitly takes into account (in creating datasets and data-splits) the enigma of 'data leakage', stemming from the evolutionary relationships between proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kapwa is a core Filipino value and refers to a sense of shared identity, beingwith-others, an inner self shared with others. It is a value that Filipinos are proud to embody as it signifies unity and supports collectivist ways of being. In this article, I problematise kapwa in relation to the queer other in the Filipino family and in community life. I consider how social strategies of silence, erasure and invisibility are used as ways of relating to the Filipinx queer other, which may instead serve to undermine the lived practice of kapwa. In doing so, this article will also explore the influence of Spanish Catholic colonisation on Filipinos' core values, such as in Filipino beliefs about queerness, leading to a syncretisation of precolonial kapwa with Catholic sociocultural doxa. I will then engage with precolonial Filipino understandings of queerness, Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Indigenous Filipino psychology), as I attempt to deconstruct erasure-as-kapwa as a primary way of dealing with the Filipinx queer other. Through an autoethnographic approach, which will include creative written vignettes interspersed with scholarly discussion, this article seeks to be a hopeful reinscription of kapwa to include queer Filipinx people in the shared self of a Filipino family and community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Paroisse étudiante de Toulouse is a Catholic student community in the Archdiocese of Toulouse, southern France. It offers various groups and activities to promote faith and community life. The community regularly celebrates worship services and provides housing options for students. Baptism plays an important role in the community, and baptismal candidates are first welcomed into the community before receiving the sacrament. The community and the commitment of volunteers contribute to the stability and continuity of the community. [Extracted from the article]

The Baptismal Pastoral Center St. Maria Magdalena in Bochum, part of the Diocese of Essen, has been offering a baptismal font based on early Christian models since the year 2000. The community defines their life, faith, and liturgical celebrations based on the awareness of baptism. Over the past 20 years, the community has discovered a lot of potential for development and is working on living the awareness of baptism. The baptismal preparation takes place within the community and includes interactions and shared celebrations. The community has developed a culture of welcome and responds to the individual needs of those seeking baptism. Examples of different paths to baptism are given, reflecting the diversity of people and their experiences. The summary emphasizes the importance of baptism as a communal event and encourages active engagement with the lives of others and a conscious decision to become a follower of Christ. [Extracted from the article]

The "Anticipatory Heritage" salons, organized by the Fellows of the American Folklore Society, considered how the heritage of the present can be employed proactively to create more just and humane futures. Participants discussed approaches for re-animating and revitalizing traditions through incorporating them integrally within community life. They include repatriation and training in archival and collecting practices that empower communities. While folklore has emphasized safeguarding traditions transmitted over generations, anticipatory heritage contends that looking to the future is also needed to advance social justice, heal through remembrance, and generate greater community cultural self-determination. As was the case for participants in all of the salons, these discussions stressed the importance of a critical approach toward heritage, including interrogating who controls heritage-making and, at times, questioned the term "heritage" itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "Tourism through Folklore: Challenges and Opportunities" salons were organized by the Fellows of the American Folklore Society. Participants were clear-eyed about the damage to the integrity of cultural practices and community life that is often engendered by tourism, but they also considered concrete solutions involving greater community agency and the sustainable tourism initiatives of folklorists. They noted the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on spurring regenerative tourism. These salons considered the opportunities and pitfalls of immersive tourism experiences, how host/guest relationships can be reconfigured, and approaches for controlling access to over-touristed areas. Folklorists were viewed as being well-equipped to educate about culturally appropriate behavior and to generate substantive interpretative materials, both of which may require collaboration with the tourism industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper critically explores how women anti-mining activists conceptualize development, in the context of living with and resisting large-scale resource extraction in Cajamarca, Peru. I contend that participatory photography provides an opportunity to contest hegemonic development narratives and the notions of 'lack', 'poverty' and 'progress' that are bound up with such narratives, enabling participants to simultaneously evoke both hoped-for alternative futures and nostalgic renditions of a threatened present. Moving beyond an explicit and immediate focus on the socially and environmentally destructive nature of large-scale mining, I explore how the women instead document productive Andean livelihoods and everyday ways of life, capturing the ways in which hoped-for futures are enacted in the present. The women activists articulate their resistance through photography, identifying and celebrating practices of hope in their everyday lives and communities and providing an emotive counter-narrative to extractive-led neoliberal development discourses. The paper reveals that participatory photography approaches generate critical insight into the emotion-suffused ways in which development is understood by grassroots activists in contexts of extractivism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The attachment can be directed towards the people (socially based attachment), but also can be based on the physical characteristics of the place or other factors. People in Serbia frequently change place of residence during educational stages or due to important family and life events. It also depends on other factors, such as ethnicity, tradition and environmental concerns. This study aims to re-evaluate the place attachment concept based on the well-established triple person-process-place concept and develop a new place attachment scale and apply. The survey included 1059 respondents. The SPSS was used for EFA relatedness calculations, Independent T-tests, and One-way ANOVA, while R and RStudio were used for CFA analysis. Four groups of factors were identified, leading to the development of a four-dimensional Place Relatedness Scale (4PRS): Family and Home, Social, Community and Everyday Life, Local Environment Bonding, Life Cycle. Certain differences were found between male and female respondents and in regard to other socio-demographic parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the development of a 1950s educational programme for the inclusion of children with severe intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) – those with IQ scores of less than 50, referred to as "trainable" or "dependent" children – into community life. Conducted by the American Association of Parents of Retarded Children (AHRC) in New York City, the programme clarified the social life expectancies of children with severe IDD who had historically been segregated from society. The programme aimed to have these children be accepted within their communities and families, broaden their lives, and help their parents understand them appropriately. It affirmed the notion that children with severe IDD and their families could live in society with support. In other words, the goal was not just vocational independence but also the pursuance of a social life while receiving community services. The intended outcomes of the programme included personal independence, housework, good relations with others, physical movement, and literacy, among others. Although the programme was unique and thus different from traditional academic learning content, it was emphasised that the original goals of education for children with severe IDD and that of mainstream education are the same in the sense of realising democracy. The education and guidance necessary for them to grow to their fullest potential and integrate into community life could also lead to academic and vocational outcomes. The development of the school programme represented the beginning of what became known as social inclusion, thereby bringing diversity to social life and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China prioritizes ecological civilization construction and embraces the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." Great achievements have been made in ecological protection and restoration through implementing a series of policies and projects. This paper reviews the history of ecological restoration in China and the current development of the "integrated protection and restoration project of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands, and deserts (IPRP)." Furthermore, the characteristics of IPRP were systematically elaborated from the perspectives of the ecological civilization thought, the policy management, and the key scientific issues. Also, the current achievements were summarized in the fields of national ecological space management, biodiversity conservation, and ecological protection and restoration. Existing challenges in management policy, scientific issues, and engineering practices were highlighted. Future perspectives include ecological space control, nature-based Solutions, biodiversity big data platform, modern techniques, and value realization mechanisms of ecological products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community Resource Referral Systems delivered electronically through healthcare information technology systems (e.g., electronic medical records) have become more common in efforts to address patients' unmet health-related social needs. Community Resource Referral System connects patients with social supports such as food assistance, utility support, transportation, and housing. This systematic review identifies barriers and facilitators that influence the Community Resource Referral System's implementation in the U.S. by identifying and synthesizing peer-reviewed literature over a 15-year period. This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. A search was conducted on five scientific databases to capture the literature published between January 2005 and December 2020. Data analysis was conducted from August 2021 to July 2022. This review includes 41 articles of the 2,473 initial search results. Included literature revealed that Community Resource Referral Systems functioned to address a variety of health-related social needs and were delivered in different ways. Integrating the Community Resource Referral Systems into clinic workflows, maintenance of community-based organization inventories, and strong partnerships between clinics and community-based organizations facilitated implementation. The sensitivity of health-related social needs, technical challenges, and associated costs presented as barriers. Overall, electronic medical records–integration and automation of the referral process was reported as advantageous for the stakeholders. This review provides information and guidance for healthcare administrators, clinicians, and researchers designing or implementing electronic Community Resource Referral Systems in the U.S. Future studies would benefit from stronger implementation science methodological approaches. Sustainable funding mechanisms for community-based organizations, clear stipulations regarding how healthcare funds can be spent on health-related social needs, and innovative governance structures that facilitate collaboration between clinics and community-based organizations are needed to promote the growth and sustainability of Community Resource Referral Systems in the U.S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I argue here that the ways we experience, think about, and treat pain are bound up with sociocultural and technological phenomena that shape our desires and expectations. I propose a way of imagining caring for and offering healing to those who suffer pain informed by the Christian theological tradition. This way does not aspire to replace the care and healing made possible by modern medicine, but rather to place it within the common life of a community of mutual love, hospitality, and reciprocal care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]