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Jane MacNeille, Senior Vice President of Player Communications at LIV Golf, has a wealth of experience in the golf industry. She has worked in various roles, including hospitality management, public relations, and communications. LIV Golf is a global sports league founded in 2022 by Greg Norman, featuring 13 teams and some of the world's best golfers. MacNeille's responsibilities include handling all communications for the players and building the brands for the teams. She emphasizes the importance of networking, hard work, and strong communication skills for young professionals in the industry. MacNeille is passionate about social responsibility, particularly supporting military-related charities. She finds her work at LIV Golf rewarding, as she has been able to build something from the ground up and create lasting relationships. [Extracted from the article]

In tandem with the burgeoning popularity of social media research in the field of sport communication and marketing, we are witnessing a concomitant rise in its epistemological sophistication. Despite this growth, the field has given less attention to methodological issues and implications. In light of the development of machine learning, the overarching goal of the current research was to answer the call for innovative methodological approaches to advance knowledge in the area of social media research. Specifically, we (a) assess the current state of sport social media research from a methodological perspective, with a particular focus on machine learning; (b) present an empirical illustration to demonstrate how sport scholars can benefit from the advancement in natural language processing and the derivative topic modeling techniques; (c) discuss how machine learning could enhance the rigor of social media research and improve theory development; and (d) offer potential opportunities and directions for the future sport social media research that utilizes machine learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Style—or the aesthetic dimensions of public presentation—is a dominant mode of symbolic expression. However, no one has explored how style functions as a coherent and generalizable symbol system influencing public conversations about athletic recruitment. The purpose of this essay is to fill this gap by developing a critical framework for theorizing the rhetoric of style in athletic recruitment discourse and significantly, how this is done through social media. We analyze sports journalism, recruiting websites, and the public messaging of athletic departments and athletes on social media according to five structural components: stylistic homologies, aesthetic rationales, primacy of text, imaginary communities, and market contexts. Our analysis offers practical lessons for athletes, journalists, and college athletic departments, but we also highlight several conceptual, methodological, and theoretical implications for scholars of communication and sport and social media interested in better understanding social influence in a dynamic and hyper-competitive context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, women's sport has experienced sustained growth, resulting in a positive shift in media coverage and increased attention from corporate sponsors. Past research has extended our understanding of the challenges, objectives and motivations of sponsors however, less is known with respect to whether sponsor communication perpetuates a gender-based narrative. In addressing this research gap, this study examines women's sport sponsor communication to understand how gender stereotyping manifests in messaging around sponsorship objectives and women's sport/athletes. Findings show that sponsor communication of objectives mirrors the traditional social roles held by women (centred on a communal orientation), while agentic gender traits associated with masculinity emerge in communication around women's sport/athletes. Our study highlights the importance of message framing in sponsor communication and the need for simultaneously embracing and valuing both feminine and masculine traits. This is an important step towards creating a balanced narrative around women athletes and women's sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated athlete expressions and the impact that Olympian (OLY) role models have on athletes participating at the Youth Olympic Games (YOG), with a focus on the YOG educational program. The YOG educational program was created in 2010 and has not yet garnered extensive scholarly examination. Therefore, the aim of the current investigation was to develop an understanding of the impact that OLY role models have on YOG athletes and the communicative practices young athletes use to express themselves. This study used a mixed methodology (i.e., survey and interviews) and drew on three theories (i.e., social learning theory, role model theory, and communicative theory of expression) to better understand the aforementioned impact of OLY role models on YOG athletes. An examination of the communicative expression practices of OLY role models, through the mixed methodological approach, produced novel findings pertaining to YOG athlete perceptions of the structure and benefit of the educational program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses a topic neglected by the sport management literature: the impact of anticorruption effects of information and communication technology (ICT) in sport organizations on the role of organizational health mediation and organizational transparency. This study analyses this topic by presenting and testing a comprehensive theoretical model. This quantitative, descriptive survey uses structural equation modeling methodology. Data collection was carried out by employees (N = 384) working at the Iranian Ministry of Sport and Youth. The results of the study were processed using LISREL 8.80 software in the model and hypothesis testing, and the study found support for the theoretical model. The results show that (a) ICT is an effective tool for reducing administrative corruption of officials, and (b) in terms of both organizational health (variance accounted for = 0.40) and organizational transparency (variance accounted for = 0.39), ICT has a mediating role in reducing administrative corruption in sport organizations. This study fills a gap in the literature by addressing both personal and managerial perspectives, thus allowing directors of sport organizations to consider ICT a useful and practical management tool for reducing corruption among officials in sport organizations, as an adjunct to traditional methods such as administrative reform and law enforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research focusing on social media usage in sport communication and its related media has made significant strides in the last 2 decades. Researchers have provided key insights into how social media content is created by sport entities and media members, how sport fans and consumers feel about social media content, and how aspects of social media content inform public perception of matters pertaining to race, gender, ethnicity, politics, and other key cultural areas. However, the changing natures of social media technology and user preferences for content have often moved faster than the body of research surrounding them. This commentary highlights a gap in published sport communication studies focusing on dynamic social media content and provides suggestions for addressing a key present, and future, need for scholarly inquiry in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The topics of social media and consumer behavior are inextricably linked. Since 2008, scholars in sport-studies fields such as sport communication and sport management have increasingly focused their research on social media use by sport entities and consumers. This commentary provides an overview of sport social media and consumer behavior scholarship to date, including prominent and growing topics such as consumers' uses of social media, social media engagement, user segmentation, and user-generated content. A scoping review was conducted to illustrate the current state of research on social media, sport, and consumer behavior. Future research priorities to advance this area of inquiry are also discussed, including more qualitative research resulting in rich and descriptive analyses, the need to better understand Gen Z as sport social media consumers, and the need to understand the connection between social media consumption and purchasing behavior. Finally, the commentary encourages scholars to expand their research focus in geographic contexts outside of North America, on underrepresented groups, such as women's sport and disability sport, and to adopt new theoretical frameworks for such research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building on the foundational study conducted by Abeza et al., this work extends the investigation by critically reviewing social media research in sport studies published from June 2014 to June 2023. Methodologically, the review involved an examination of 153 original research articles from five prominent journals in sport communication and sport management, namely the International Journal of Sport Communication, Communication & Sport, Journal of Sport Management, Sport Management Review, and European Sport Management Quarterly. The study identified the research streams, platforms, theories, and research methods that have garnered attention in the social media research community. The findings reveal several key insights that contribute to the ongoing dialogue in the field, stimulating further exploration and advancing knowledge at the intersection of social media and sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While sports fandom and social media advertising have been widely studied, and all major, professional teams use social media campaigns for direct sales, there is surprisingly little research on the relationship between fans' social media engagement behavior (SMEB) and their purchase intention (PI), and none that differentiates PI across different platforms and sports contexts. This study addresses those gaps by exploring (a) how different kinds of fans engage their teams' advertising on various social media and (b) how those different behaviors predict PI in different contexts. To do so, we utilized an SMEB framework to interpret survey data (N = 452) of U.S. sports fans' social media engagement with their favorite teams over six popular platforms for two situations—in-game and out-of-game. Regression analyses determined the extent to which those behaviors predict PI across different sports and platforms during and outside of games. Our results show that fan SMEB varies by sport, platform, and situation. Furthermore, we found that information-acquiring social media behaviors—such as checking scores—best predict PI in-game, while fan-identity cultivation social media behaviors—such as posting—best predict PI out-of-game. In addition, PI predictability varies across platform and game situation, but not across age, gender, or even level of fandom. By contextualizing the relationship between fan SMEB and PI, our study lays a foundation to address these lingering gaps in the sport communication literature while providing actionable insights for teams and brands seeking more effective sales campaigns across an array of social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leader-member exchange theory (LMX) has proliferated as a framework for understanding coach-athlete interactions, as the exchanges of communicative resources greatly influence athletes' sporting experiences. The current study uses coaches' perceptions of task and social determinants of LMX to reveal comparative insights about forming low- and high-quality exchanges. Data collected from 380 coaches, spanning 14 different sports, at 160 high schools indicated that high-quality exchanges are solely determined by athletes' abilities. In contrast, low-quality exchanges are determined by coaches' negative affect towards athletes, and to a lesser extent, athletes' poor performances and lack of competitiveness. Findings contribute to sports communication literature by examining LMX from coaches' perspectives and identifying the unique determinants of various groupings within LMX. Both coaches and athletes may find utility in the current findings as they look to create meaningful relationships and positive sporting experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On October 18, 2019, The New York Times reported that Major League Baseball was eliminating more than 40 teams from its minor league system. Fourteen months later, some teams permanently ceased operations when contraction became official. During those 14 months, fans and community members joined advocacy campaigns to save their teams. Given how minor league fans have unique, community-based identities, social media may help them communicate support for their teams during a threat. Using a framework of social media advocacy, the study sought to (1) understand the advocacy efforts present on social media and (2) the tone and emotions manifest in tweets related to contraction. Using quantitative methods, the study found that most discussions of contraction were negative in tone and contained emotions like anger. The most often used advocacy strategy was information, which may have been a lost opportunity for fans to rally support. As time moved on, tweets contained less negativity, more sadness than anger, and more use of the community advocacy strategy, providing evidence that fans found contraction inevitable. The study makes a contribution by bringing advocacy communication into the discussion of sport fandom and uses social media data to extract fan emotions during identity threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On May 31, 2021, Naomi Osaka, one of the top-ranked female tennis players, and one of the highest-paid female athletes in the world, announced her withdrawal from the French Open on her social media (Twitter) account, citing mental health issues. There exists a stigma around mental health; and people suffering from mental health conditions often experience "discrimination and stigma" (World Health Organization, 2019). Such disclosures by a noted sportsperson provide an opportunity to help combat the stigma. The present study uses unsupervised machine learning and qualitative thematic analysis to analyze 11,800 English language responses to her tweet. Results indicate that Osaka's tweet mostly garnered a lot of support and encouragement. However, there also existed some negative comments. Additionally, 40% of the negative comments were disseminated by bot-like automated accounts. Practical implications for sports communication are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Crises are unavoidable in the sport world, and their relationship with reputation is inextricable. Protecting its reputation is a top priority for a sport organization in a crisis; thus, developing a valid and reliable instrument should be a precedent. In this study, Rasch analysis was applied to evaluate a 10-item Organizational Reputation Scale (ORP), extensively used in general and sport communication research, but whose development was made under classical test theory. This traditional method has several limitations (i.e., item and sample dependencies, nonaddictive features of ordinal data, and item category functioning). The main purposes of the study were to calibrate ORP items and evaluate their category functions. A total of 373 sport fans responded to the ORP on a 5-point Likert scale. Several analytic steps were applied to provide psychometric properties of each item in the ORP. The findings provided evidence that supports the unidimensional structure of the ORP with eight items. All items and a person's ability exhibited satisfactory levels of variability along the continuum. The 5-category rating scale in Likert format functioned properly. As a better alternative to classical test theory, Rasch analysis provided information about the practicality of each ORP item in measuring individuals' perceptual level of an organization's reputation within a sport setting. Our study proposed some insights for enhancing each item's quality and encouraging future scholars to make informed decisions when using the ORP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented about soccer fan culture. Topics include identity and loyalty of fans, the impact of globalization on fandom, and the relationship between fans and clubs. In addition the intersection of fandom with issues like nationalism, gender, and politics are included. [Extracted from the article]

China is one of the most dynamically developing countries that experienced rapid and tumultuous modernization in the second half of the twentieth century. This modernization consisted of the sports organization improvement and appropriate target-setting in Olympic sports. Sport is the most important sphere of international communication, and gymnastics pertains to the expression of semiotic units by the movement itself. The purpose of this research is to study a semiotic construct embracing the victories, behaviour patterns and organization of the Chinese gymnastics team at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, where China demonstrated its highest achievements in gymnastics. Another reason for selecting these Olympic Games is that semiotically significant elements of the athletes' behaviour differ from other contexts and Olympics. Consequently, the latter feature facilitates the segregation of these elements through phenomenological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of E-balonmano.com: Journal of Sports Science / Revista de Ciencias del Deporte is the property of Federacion Extremena de Balonmano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the politics surrounding the East Asian Olympics, specifically the PyeongChang 2018, Tokyo 2020, and Beijing 2022 Games. It highlights the increasing political and economic influence of South Korea, Japan, and China on world affairs, as well as the rivalry between these nations in their exercise of soft power through sport mega-events. The PyeongChang Games saw a diplomatic breakthrough between North and South Korea, while the Tokyo Games faced challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic and strained relations between Japan and South Korea. The Beijing Games took place amidst escalating tensions between China and the United States, with the latter calling for a diplomatic boycott. The article concludes by discussing the intersection between global sport and world politics, highlighting the diplomatic, protest, and geopolitical implications of major sporting events. [Extracted from the article]

The purpose of current study was to examine (1) the emotion transfer effect from sport programs and (2) program-ad congruity effects on the effectiveness of ads. A 2 (program-induced valence: pleasant, unpleasant) × 2 (program-induced arousal: arousing, calm) × 2 (advertising theme: sport, non-sport) within-subjects design, along with real-time psychophysiological measures, was employed to test the hypotheses. As predicted, an ad placed after a pleasant situation (favored team's victory) was more effective than an ad placed after an unpleasant situation (favored team's defeat). Also, an ad played after an arousing situation (close game) was more effective than an ad played after a non-arousing situation (lopsided game). Further, advertising effectiveness was greater for sport-themed ads (congruent) than non-sport-themed (non-congruent) ads. The findings suggest that the same ad can result in different persuasive impacts depending upon the emotional and cognitive context of the preceding sports program. The study offers new insights to existing sport marketing communication literature by examining emotional and cognitive priming effects in the context of sport media programing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Research Handbook on Sport and COVID-19, edited by Paul M. Pedersen, is a comprehensive collection of scholarly works that examines the impact of the pandemic on the sport industry. The book features contributions from 92 scholars from 21 countries and is divided into six parts, covering topics such as management, communication, marketing, sport events, stakeholders, and society. Each chapter explores different aspects of the pandemic's effects on the sport industry, providing insights into the actions taken by sport entities, the transformation of sport communication, the impact on sport marketing, risk management concepts for sport events, and the actions of various sport industry stakeholders. The book offers a valuable resource for both researchers and practitioners in the sport industry, showcasing examples of innovation and creativity in response to the challenges posed by the pandemic. [Extracted from the article]

The sport industry has an enormous influence on today's society, and the various media platforms and stakeholders have a considerable share of that influence. Sport communication has an essential part in that impact. The strong identification consumers create and develop with sports brands has a huge meaning in their lives. In the sphere of consumer neuroscience, there are few studies on the sport industry. This commentary launches possible research ideas, namely about the importance of brand strength in consumers' minds, as well as the true impact that consumer identification (i.e., fan identity) has on the sport industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the impact of athletes using social media to share their mental health narratives, which the authors refer to as metajournalism. The authors argue that athletes like Serena Williams and Naomi Osaka have disrupted traditional media control by directly sharing their stories on social media platforms. This challenges framing theory and highlights the need for scholars to consider social media content in the context of developing stories. The article also emphasizes the importance of understanding the diverse perspectives and cultural contexts surrounding mental health in sports. [Extracted from the article]

In this manuscript, researchers examine the multivocality in Twitter discourse around Title IX's 50th anniversary in intercollegiate athletics via a multi-stakeholder issue network approach and social identity theory. Through content analysis, 3,253 tweets were examined and diverse responses to the legislation within sports were documented. Subsequent analyses indicated responses varied as a function of stakeholder groups and gender. The findings illustrate that online discourse is strategic and aims to fulfill one's roles, create favorable impressions, and/or access resources for those with whom one shares identities. Tensions between individuals' and institutions' understandings of Title IX, such as athletes and colleges or media and the public, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media and electronic communication perpetuate adolescents' lives and have the potential to shape the nature of adolescent athletes' experiences and interactions with members of their sports teams. However, there is no research to date that has examined adolescent female athletes' use of social media and electronic communication. Athletes, parents, and coaches (N = 22) from one soccer organization participated in semistructured interviews discussing their use of and perspectives on social media and electronic communication. Interview data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings include four themes: (a) uses of social media and electronic communication (in and out of the sport context); (b) athlete, parent, and coaches' perspectives of social media engagement; (c) friendships and trust with teammates; and (d) the development and perception of subgroups. Recommendations include developing policies for the use of social media and electronic communication for adolescents in sports settings and for coaches, parents, and athletes to engage in open communication about the uses of social media and electronic communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the Kings League's impact on sports communication and its appeal to Generation Z in Spain, contrasting it with traditional football leagues. The Kings League's "sportainment" approach, blending sport and entertainment with innovative digital broadcasting, resonates with young audiences. Key elements include its spontaneity, spectacle, and the involvement of charismatic figures. The research underscores the need for new formats and sports communication methods to engage younger generations, highlighting the importance of personalization, immediacy, and innovation in sports to maintain cultural relevance and audience engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the sports communication landscape has seen changes in terms of who occupies the role of sports reporter. In-house reporters, or sports communicators employed by specific clubs, teams, or leagues, now contribute content to the sports media landscape. This study explores the complicated relationship between in-house reporters' self-perceived professional identities and in-houses reporters' perceptions of their audiences through the lens of Bourdieusian field theory. As such, it sees in-house reporters as peripheral actors negotiating the boundaries of the sports journalism field. Through semi-structured interviews with 28 in-house sports reporters from the United States and Austria, our findings suggest that in-house reporters conceive of themselves both in relation to professional journalism and as members of the sports establishment. Furthermore, they note an ambiguous relationship to their audience, which is both reliant upon the reporters' work, and, at times, highly critical of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The commentary examines the possible rational for Federation Internationale de Football Association(FIFA) sending a series of tweets on the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Design/methodology/approach: The commentary counts and analyses the number of tweets sent by FIFA media between 1 February and 1 March, 2020 and indicates that these concerning the war in Ukraine represent a radical departure from past topics. Stakeholder engagements with the tweets on the war were recorded and these far surpassed other regular topics. Findings: FIFA's stance in condemning the war and taking direct action against Russia was effective in generating far greater stakeholder engagements in Twitter than other football-related posts. While the tweets were favourably received by many fans, not all of that response was positive, and in fact, some were extremely hostile. Originality/value: An analysis of tweets and their responses provides a relatively new and powerful mechanism for gauging stakeholder engagements. The authors also contribute to the literature on communication strategies of sporting bodies by demonstrating how the integration of social issues into social media posts is likely to exhibit a strong response, albeit not always favourable. When sporting bodies (such as FIFA) depart from their core mission, they risk alienating some stakeholders when they delve into controversial social and/or political issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to understand the context of sports marketing in Ecuador, analyzing the management and representation of soccer players. At the same time, it proposes to develop a sports marketer model, strategically taking advantage of the sports properties of the different soccer players that are in development/growth at a national level. Creating the right roadmap to develop this sports project is key, as well as creating a new segment is a challenge for the sports marketer. Composing an image management agency for soccer players is undoubtedly uncommon, which is why employing new methods such as image scouting is totally new within the country's sports market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Whilst understanding the social norms of trash talking is an emerging field of research, the extent to how esport consumers perceive its practice in esports is currently limited. Guided by Chung and Rimal (2016) framework to identify how social norms and moderating attributes influence behaviour, this study investigated consumers perceptions of trash talk in FPS esports. Focusing on Counter Strike: Global Offensive, Overwatch and Rainbow Six: Siege scenes, this study used data harvesting through the popular social media forum – Reddit and gathered 1,724 comments for analysis. Subjective and descriptive norms were influenced around the context of trash talk and the moments it occurred. Behavioural, individual, and contextual moderating attributes also influence consumers perspectives on why esport players do, or do not engage in trash talk. As an area of research still in its infancy, this paper aids in enhancing how communities reflect, discuss and debate relevant themes within esports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This commentary introduces the second of two special issues in the International Journal of Sport Communication centered on social media and sport. The empirical studies presented in this issue illustrate both the diversity of topics and methodological approaches utilized by researchers working at the intersection of social media and sport. Research articles in this issue analyze topics ranging from sport consumer behavior to online fan communities to coaches' perceptions of activism-related content posted on team social media accounts. The research presented here also employs a variety of methodological approaches including experimental design, critical discourse analysis, rhetorical analysis, and applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning. Collectively, these studies offer a foundation on which future research in social media and sport can build to continue to enhance our understanding of social media's impact on the sport world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After graduation, Brooks had stints at the University of Florida Athletic Association and USA Track & Field before accepting a position at ESPN as the manager of college network PR. Interview With Amanda Brooks, ESPN PR/Director of Communications for College Football and SEC Network Graph: Amanda Brooks - ESPN PR/Director of Communications for College Football and SEC Network. Amanda Brooks, a Kent, Ohio native, graduated from Hendrix College with a degree in religion. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers have extensively documented the issues in quantity and quality of media coverage of the Paralympic Games. The lack of coverage and stereotypical representations can be attributed to a variety of structural and cultural factors, notably including journalistic norms and values. This scholarly commentary proposes a reconsideration of journalistic values in order to argue that sports journalists have a professional responsibility to cover the Paralympics and issues of disability for at least three reasons: (a) The Paralympics are an elite-level, international sporting event and thus merit sport-focused coverage, (b) sport journalists have an ethical obligation to include diverse perspectives in reporting and to challenge stereotypes, and (c) sport is intertwined with social issues and requires contextualized reporting. The commentary concludes with recommendations for sport communication and journalism education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organized sport in the Weimar Republic was dominated by three strands—so-called bourgeois sport, the gymnastics movement (Turnen) and the workers' sports movement (Arbeitersport). While scholarship has rightly pointed out the differences between their federations, it has neglected a significant feature they had in common: the struggle to communicate key messages to their members. For the first time, this article examines debates about and developments in the communications of Weimar's leading sports organizations. It shows that through the 1920s producing journals, running news services and lobbying the press became as important as competing in or watching sport itself, as the organizations sought to raise their profile, gain new members and retain the members they already had. Each of them, while envying the others, failed to meet its goals for similar reasons: inadequate internal structures, poor decision-making and the allure of commercialized sport and the papers and magazines it fed and produced. While scholarship has often noted the high level of sports coverage in the mainstream press, it has not explored the dynamic pull of such reporting on readers. By examining the effects of the professional media on the active members of the three main federations, this article therefore also sheds light on the power of new forms of writing and entertainment to influence individuals as the shift to consumer habits increased in all social classes throughout the Weimar Republic. In doing so, it bridges between empirically orientated forms of sports history and cultural histories of the press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arts for Linguistic & Literary Studies is the property of Thamar University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The main purpose of the article is to identify the ways in which sports organisations communicate online, mainly using social media. An additional objective is to find differences in the target audience in social media on the basis of the numbers determining the activity of the audience of the communication pages. The reason for the article was also to identify a relatively novel and easy mathod to measure the effects of communication through these media. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve the intended purpose, a method of desk research and numerical data covering the activity of selected sports clubs (organisations) on the most popular portals in the period from 1 to 31 July 2023 was used. The data will be statistically analysed using standardised indicators to enable comparison. The subjects of the study were the three leading sports clubs of the highest men's football competition class in Poland, as the most active in the online space and generating the highest interest. Findings: The outcome of the study was to establish a ranking of the use of social networking sites in the clubs' communication with their stakeholders and the differences between the effects of messages in these media. Research limitations/implications: The main limitations of the study are the variety of factors that can influence communication management in sports organisations, as well as the multichannel nature of the methods of reaching stakeholders. The main focus of the paper is on social media and how to use data from this source. In the future, this approach can be adapted in solving communication management problems. Practical implications: The method used in the article is flexible, allowing it to be used freely to find out the effectiveness of companies' social media activities. Companies operating in homogeneous markets receive, thanks to the presented one, a tool for recognising their competitive position in terms of marketing communication and the effectiveness of its tools on the Internet. Social implications: It is assumed that with the optimal application of the proposed survey method, a tool is gained for the objective evaluation of the communication management policy through social media. The method replaces a qualitative assessment of this management, showing the position among different types of media or competitors. Originality/value: The article is aimed at various companies active in the online space in multiple social media. The novelty is that publicly available data is standardised and thus comparable. This in turn influences communication management not only at the social media level, but also in multi-channel marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The quantitative evaluation for communicable events has been a significant demand in digital society management. This paper takes the 2022 Winter Olympic Games as the object and proposes a quantitative evaluation method for the communication impact of sporting events based on the SIR dynamic diffusion model. Specifically, this study combinesa long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network, wavelet packet decomposition, and other techniques to propose a digital evaluation approach for the quantification of communication impact. Among these, the transfer probability is quantified and calculated by the user node reputation value algorithm. In the experimental simulation, the effects of different mechanisms of joining consensus nodes and blockchain on the propagation probability in the model are discussed, respectively. Some simulation experiments are conducted on the real-world scenes of social networks, and the simulation results show that the number of nodes spreading false information is reduced by 9.89% compared with baseline methods. Finally, a sports event communication effect evaluation index system was constructed, and the data characteristics of indicators at all levels were analyzed to preliminarily predict the communication effect, after which the fuzzy hierarchical comprehensive evaluation method, combined with the expert survey method, was used to empirically evaluate, and test the communication effect of its events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study explores the attributions and coping strategies of athletes who experienced psychological impact from sport injuries or illness from a qualitative methodology. Purpose: To understand athletes' unique perspectives on injury and recovery, framed in the Global Model of Sport Injuries, and contribute to the development of effective interventions and support programs for athletes. Methods: A qualitative research approach was employed, conducting semi-structured interviews with an ad hoc sample of 16 athletes, representing diverse backgrounds and competitive levels. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using NVivo software, identifying themes and codes related to attributions and coping strategies. Results: Athletes attributed their sport injury mostly to bad luck, routine deviations, and negative mental states, while coping strategies used included cognitive restructuring, emotional calming, seeking social support, mental withdrawal, and behavioral risk. Factors such as training deviations, social support, psychological responses, and injury diagnosis seems to have influenced the coping strategies employed. Conclusions: Sport injuries and illnesses significantly impact athletes' careers and wellbeing. Support and effective communication from coaching staff and healthcare professionals were identified as crucial for athletes' wellbeing. These findings contribute to understanding the psychological processes and experiences involved in sport injury recovery and highlight key elements for prevention and intervention protocols. Future research should explore communication patterns in sports contexts and assess attributions and coping strategies at different stages of injury recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines the discourse of nutrition influencers on Instagram within five European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom) during 2021. The research aims to analyse the visual and textual content disseminated by these influencers and compare the predominant narratives among them. The corpus consists of 98 food influencers, and computer vision networks were employed to analyse visual discourse, linguistic analysis software for text analysis, and quantitative and qualitative methods to analyse hashtags. While promoting global trends (such as vegetable juices or bowls made with natural and unprocessed cereals, nuts, and fruits) to a lesser extent, influencers from the five countries highlight traditional food from their respective cultures in their visual discourse. The predominant discourse in all countries promotes the need for physical change through exercise and nutrition, sometimes fostering a diet culture. Sports and fitness are present in the discourse of influencers from these five countries, predominantly emphasising weight loss, muscle gain, and sports training with specific diets. Sports plays a significant role, with a preponderance of photographs depicting physical transformations and the promotion of food products and sports brands through inspiring images. Spain stands out in this regard as having the most images showing physical changes, especially in women. Although no evidence has been discovered to suggest that the sponsorship of unhealthy foods affects consumers' preferences for them, the results show the widespread promotion of diet-related goods and foods. Notably, the real food movement was not emphasized in this extensive data analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In "Fan identity and football culture: locating variation in the discursive performance of football fan identities in a UK stadium" Thomas Worlledge and Kieran File critically assess the common stereotype of the football fan as hooligan with the help of insights derived from a linguistic ethnography of football fans at an English professional football club. This indicates that the discourses surrounding football are an important area to understand the fans' complex constructions of group identities and how specific socio-cultural contexts influence race-related controversies and perceptions. In contrast, this thematic issue brings together cutting-edge linguistic research based on theories and models that focus on formal, functional, social-constructivist, interactional and applied aspects of language and discourse in the domain of football. Football has witnessed a continuously growing popularity and intensive coverage in various kinds of traditional and new media, and besides the traditional association between football and men, female football has most recently gained impressive grounds as the media attention and spectator numbers in the 2022 UEFA European Women's Championship in England and the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup in Australia and New Zealand impressively illustrate.[4] Playing football no longer automatically means football played by men. [Extracted from the article]

A systematic research on the connotation of a leading sporting nation in the new era, the logical relationship between a leading sporting nation and high-quality economic development, and its multiple value and effects of a leading sporting nation construction on promoting high-quality economic development is conducted . It is believed that the construction of a leading sporting nation is of great significance to the realization of high-quality economic development. Fitness for all is the key guarantee for improving the quality of the labor force while competitive sports are a strong core for promoting the integration of sports and economy and society. In the meanwhile, the sports industry is an important engine for the transformation and upgrading of economic momentum; sports culture can effectively help to maintain a harmonious and stable economic development environment; sports communication is a unique channel to promote high-level economic opening up. It is suggested to promote the fitness for all, improve the level of competitive sports, accelerate the construction of a modern sports industry system, promote national sports culture, and expand sports opening-up and cooperation so as to achieve the high-quality economic development through building a sporting nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]