Search

In the minting of the first Sasanian coins, the details of the designs, faces, figures, and arrays of the king were carefully considered. In this research, the content of a gold coin from the time of King Shapur I (241-272 AD) has been investigated. The shape of the Shah's face is different compared to other coins minted during Shapur's time, which shows weakness and withering. There is also a three-horned spear in the hands of two figures around the fire pit on the back of the coin. Dihim's attachment to Shapur's foot is one of the important points of the studied coin. For a better understanding of Shapur's face, the verses of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, which narrates the end of Shapur's life, have been used. Studies have shown that the image on the studied coin shows the sick face of the king at the end of his life, which is confirmed by referring to the poems of Shahnameh. The threehorned spear on the back of the coin as a symbol of Shiva and the hyacinth of the Kushan religion is a sign of the king's power and his successes, especially in the battle against the Kushans. It could be said that the threepronged spear in the hands of the king and Ahura Mazda, the guardian of the hearth and the sacred fire, is a reminder of the submission of the Kushan religion to the Iranian religion, and Dihim is its symbol. From the Sassanid kings, along with a three-pronged spear, fire, crescent, and moon, meaning connection and friendship with Ahura Mazda and the gods Mehr and Anahita. Also, the similarity of the faces of the king and Ahura Mazda shows the same claim that the early Sassanid kings considered themselves to be of Yazdani race and face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charles Philippe de Bosset (1773–1845) was a Swiss soldier and British imperial official who established an extensive archaeological and numismatic collection from the Mediterranean region, particularly the Ionian Islands. His collections are now in the British Museum, the Laténium in Neuchâtel and the Musée d'Art et d'Histoire de Neuchâtel. This article establishes the circumstances of the British Museum's acquisition in the early nineteenth century of its part of the de Bosset collection of coins, two bas-reliefs and a bronze. It then considers the process of removing duplicate coins from the British Museum collection through sales and exchanges by an examination of the de Bosset acquisition. Finally, it uses de Bosset's own publication in 1815 of the coins of Cephalonia, Ithaca and Delphi as a case-study to restore archaeological provenance and a catalogue of that part of de Bosset's collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of this article is a hoard purchased by the Burdur Archaeology Museum in 2006. Although the exact situation and find spot of the coins are not known, it is stated as the village of Aziziye in the central district of the province of Burdur (Southwest Turkey). This hoard consists of a total of 111 bronze coins minted by the Pisidian city of Termessos Maior, either bearing the Zeus Solymos/Horse type (1 piece) or the Zeus Solymos/Horse protome type (110 pieces), with letters indicating the year of the Termessos Maior era in the Late Hellenistic Period. Although there are some suggestions regarding the dating of these bronze series of Termessos Maior - one of the important issues especially for Pisidian numismatics - the exact chronology remains to be clarified. The hoard consists of coins minted between year 1 (=A) and year 32 (B), with some years missing. In addition, the hoard includes new examples bearing the letters B (2nd year), I (10th year) and IT (19th year). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, leached graphite coin decorated with tungsten oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes (leached tungsten oxide/carbon nanotubes-graphite coin) with high surface area and excellent mechanical strength is introduced as a novel and low-cost electrode in the supercapacitor application. The leached tungsten oxide/carbon nanotubes-graphite coin was easily fabricated via uniform addition of commercial Zinc-metal powder into the matrix of commercial graphite powder and carbon nanotubes powder, pressing under optimized pressure followed by treatment in H 2 SO 4 solution for leaching out of Zinc from carbon nanotubes-graphite matrix and finally electrodeposition of tungsten oxide nanoparticles onto the previously leached coin. The surface chemistry and structure features of the leached coin were investigated by FTIR, RAMAN, XRD, SEM, TEM, AFM and BET analysis. The leached tungsten oxide/carbon nanotubes-graphite coin had acceptable capacitive characteristic such as negligible ohmic drop and favorite specific capacitance of 3519 mF cm−2 at 2 mA cm−2 in aqueous 1.0 M H 2 SO 4 media. After assembling a symmetric supercapacitor coin-device including leached tungsten oxide/carbon nanotubes-graphite coin in a PVA/H 2 SO 4 gel, the coin-device shows a high specific capacitance of 283 mF cm−2 at the current density of 2.5 mA cm−2. [Display omitted] • Simple, inexpensive and scalable fabrication of leached graphite coin was reported. • Leached graphite coin was decorated by tungsten oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes. • The modified coin showed negligible ohmic drop and favorite specific capacitance of 3519 mF cm−2 at 2 mA cm−2. • Symmetric supercapacitor coin-device showed high cell voltage of 2 V as well as a high specific capacitance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, 'contextual numismatics' is presented as the most recent and innovative research direction in the field of numismatics. In addition, its further potential for research and the limit of gaining knowledge are outlined. A historical overview of the gradual development of an archaeological-oriented approach to numismatic material serves as an introduction to the discussion. This is followed by a presentation of the distinguishing features compared to other research methods to study Roman coin finds, as well as a discussion of possible paths and goals in the further development of this approach to study these culturally significant objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the 1960 campaign of the Corinth Excavations, a Tang Dynasty coin was found in an ash and charcoal layer with deposits from the mid- to late 13th century ce and earlier. Considering similar coin finds from the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, and the Chui Region, Kyrgyzstan, this article argues that the Corinth Tang coin is likely an Anxi Protectorate issue, though a Chui valley origin cannot be ruled out. This article discusses the origins, survival, and mobility of this minimal-value cash coin in a web of Eurasian connections, with particular focus on the connectivity of the Church of the East and the Jewish merchant network from the 8th to the 13th century ce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a summary of archaeological sites explored in various regions of Wales. In Blaenau Gwent, excavations of an oval platform revealed evidence of Roman charcoal-burning activity. In Carmarthenshire, an excavation in Carmarthen uncovered the remains of buildings and other features dating from the first to fourth centuries AD. In Ceredigion, a geophysical survey identified a possible Roman fortlet or late Iron Age/Roman defended settlement. In Conwy, a coin hoard was discovered near an apsidal structure, and in Monmouthshire, Roman coins were found in two distinct groups. Finally, in Powys, aerial reconnaissance revealed the presence of forts, camps, and a Roman street grid. Supplementary material is available for further information on each region. [Extracted from the article]

Coin cells have been widely adopted for the evaluation of battery materials and chemistry. Herein, however, the coin cells are found unable to correctly reflect the fast‐charging capability of batteries. This is because, in the coin cells, the pressure between electrodes is provided by a wave spring while the wave spring cannot apply sufficient pressure to maintain the necessary electric contact for fast charging, leading to high polarization and resultant Li plating at the graphite anode. Testing on graphite/LiNi0.80Co0.10Mn0.10O2 coin cells shows that replacing the wave spring with a flat O‐ring washer dramatically stabilizes capacity retention in fast charging. Alternating current‐impedance analyses on the cells before and after 200 5 C‐charging cycles indicate that the cell with the O‐ring washer initially has a larger surface layer resistance, however, after fast‐charging test retained much smaller overall resistance compared with the cell using the wave spring. Visual observation of the cycled cell components reveals that the improvements are due to significantly reduced Li plating at the graphite anode, which is attributed to the appropriate pressure and the uniform distribution of the pressure applied by the flat O‐ring washer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Australian Taxation Office (ATO) provides guidance that the value of a new crypto asset received from a chain split is not treated as either ordinary income or capital gain at the time of the split, provided the owner holds it a s a capital asset rather than in connection with carrying on a business. This article considers whether this guidance is well founded in cases where the crypto assets involved are cryptocurrency coins. In a chain split, the digital ledger on which cryptocoins are traded divides into two forks, resulting in two distinct cryptocurrencies. Each owner of a cryptocoin before the chain split ends up owning two separate coins, one of each of these cryptocurrencies. In its guidance, the ATO further provides that a chain split is generally not a capital gains tax (CGT) event unless the holder's rights and relationships with respect to both post-split coins have changed, in which case the chain split will be treated as an abandonment of the original coin (CGT event C2). In all cases, any new cryptocoin is assigned a zero-cost base, which is consistent with treating the coin as though it were found property. In this article, the authors question whether the ATO's approach is consistent with the nature of cryptocurrency chain splits and with settled tax law, arguing that the approach can lead to tax outcomes that differ significantly from economic reality. The authors suggest that the ATO may have erred by identifying either of the post-split coins as newly found and by considering the original coin to be lost or abandoned in some circumstances. The authors argue that cryptocurrency chain splits are more akin to property divisions (such as land subdivisions), and suggest that it would be more appropriate to apportion the cost base of the original coin between the two post-split coins using the split asset method applied in tax cases involving land subdivisions. This conclusion is based on a finding that the coin owner's rights and relationships with respect to both post-split coins remain unchanged from those associated with the original coin. This article's chief contribution is to explore the meaning of rights and relationships with respect to cryptocurrency and to show that, while it may be convenient to refer to one of the post-split coins as new, in fact, each post-split coin is a continuation of the original coin, much as two post-division lots of land are merely a continuation of the larger lot of land before subdivision. Both postsplit coins, like both post-division lots, literally trace their chain of title back to the original asset. The authors believe that further research may be necessary to establish how crypto assets other than cryptocoins, including non-fungible tokens, should be treated in the event of a chain split. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]