Search

This research aims to analyze the income of coffee farmers in Bengkulu province based on the poverty level as per Sajogyo’s 1996 theory, in the form of the “rice exchange rate”, and analyze the causal factors. Primary data was obtained from 326 farmers, interviewed using a purposive questionnaire. To identify factors causing poverty, it was analyzed using a logit function approach. As many as 19.33% of farmers are in the poor category, 21.78% are in a very poor condition, and 40.49% are in the poorest condition. Land ownership status and education are the keys for farmers to be able to have a decent life and socialize in society, this goes back to the role of the government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The protected forest area managed by Perum Perhutani in Sukalaksana village is dominated by pine trees (Pinus merkusii) and rasamala trees (Altingia excelsa). Coffee farmers in Sukalaksana village grow arabica coffee using an agroforestry system under pine and rasamala stands within the framework of joint forest management. So that the arabica coffee commodity can have optimal economic value, coffee farmers in Sukalaksana village need to observe the productivity of arabica coffee plants. The research location is in the protected forest area of Sukalaksana village, Talegong district, Garut Regency. The object of observation was the soil in coffee plantations, Timtim varieties of arabica coffee plants, planted using an agroforestry system with rasamala trees and pine trees as shade. Data were analyzed descriptively using an uncorrelated t-test and linear regression analysis. Descriptively, there is no difference in the fertility level of coffee planting soil on land shaded by rasamala and land shaded by pine. The productivity of coffee plants under the rasamala shade is higher than that of coffee plants under the pine shade. This is caused by significant differences in the branch-free bole height of shade trees. The rasamala shade has its first crown branch, which is higher than the pine shade.

This study has employed Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) to identify the most suitable model for assessing the eligibility of Vietnamese coffee farmers for bank loans, effectively avoiding overfitting and ensuring that only the most crucial variables were considered in the analysis. Findings from the study indicate that factors such as ethnicity, labor, yield, land ownership, and willingness to participate (WTP) in coffee insurance significantly influenced the farmers' eligibility for bank loans. Moreover, the study suggests that banks and insurance companies should also take into account additional factors, such as socio-economic context, household size and composition, land ownership, and risk-sharing programs, to enhance access to credit. With this valuable information, banks can forge partnerships with insurance companies to craft highly effective loan programs and insurance products tailored to Vietnamese farmers' unique needs. The simplicity, practicality, and strong predictive ability of the model chosen by BMA make it a valuable tool for guiding policy decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A women's cooperative is a form of women's empowerment in improving the economy of pre-prosperous women, where women are a marginalized group and face difficulty getting access to business capital loans, impacting their welfare. The presence of a women's cooperative is a solution to open access to capital provision for underprivileged women to improve their standard of living. Women's cooperatives have a very active role in the Bener Meriah Regency because they are managed directly by women, and all empowered members are women. Role theory and community empowerment theory are used to analyze the research results. The research paradigm used is the constructivism paradigm with a qualitative methodological approach. The results of this study suggest that cooperatives have an essential role in empowering the community, especially women as a marginalized group, to revive the household economy. The women's cooperative in Bener Meriah Regency is a cooperative in which all management is carried out by women, from coaching farmers to marketing agricultural products, especially the Gayo arabica coffee commodity. The women's cooperative addressed was Gayo Women's Coffee Cooperative (KOKOWAGAYO), which has been successful in empowering the economy of coffee farmers to carry out marketing to international markets through the export of coffee commodities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines sustainable agricultural practices (SAPs) in Mukono District, Central Uganda. However, sustainable food security production is an inevitable pillar toward environmental conservation and efficient rural livelihoods. Nevertheless, there is a need for robust capacity building and a change of generational perspectives toward agriculture. This research examines the adoption of SAPs among coffee farmers in Uganda. It focused on socio-economic and environmental factors leading to the adoption of SAPs among coffee farmers. The methodology used was a descriptive research design. Questionnaires and an interview guide were used for data collection from 60 respondents--three extension workers and 57 coffee farmers of Mukono district--who were randomly selected and data was analyzed using SPSS software. The study showed that land ownership has a direct influence on the adoption of SAPs. It was also found that 58% of the coffee farmers who participated in the study have between 5-10 acres of land. Additionally, these results indicate that the perception of soil fertility benefits and rainfall precipitation promotes the adoption of SAPs. However, land size and ownership are determinant factors for the adoption of SAPs. In addition to various programs by associations and cooperatives, through non-governmental organizations and government-led initiatives, to offer technical and financial support along with capacity building, it is recommended that such programs prioritize more incentives for land access. This will improve land ownership problems, space to apply farming innovative technologies, and capacity building in order to enhance SAP adoption and hence improve livelihood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia's coffee consumption over the last five years has shown an increase that is consistent with the current average estimate of coffee consumption per capita in Indonesia at around 1.11 kg/capita/year. Exports in the form of beans (green beans and roasts) decreased, on the other hand exports in the form of powder, instant coffee, and coffee drinks continued to increase, except for instant coffee in 2019 which suddenly declined. The stock of coffee beans in Indonesia in the last 5 years has decreased. Coffee imports by Indonesia over the last 5 years have continued to increase, except in the form of roasted beans which have decreased slightly. The stock of coffee beans in Indonesia for the last 5 years has continued to decline. Seeing this phenomenon, researchers are interested in factors that influence the learning process in counseling in Kepahyang Regency. Determination of respondents using the method of arikunto 10% of the total population, then obtained as many as 496 respondents who will be selected randomly. Analysis of research data using path equations, while data processing uses AMOS 22 software. The results show that the variables that have a significant influence on farmers' perceptions of the learning process in extension are; X2 (Farming experience), X4 (Farmers' participation in community institutions), X5 (Access to information), X7 (Farmers' perceptions of government policies). Keywords; Factors, Learning, Counseling, Coffee Farmers

Using Tebat Benawa customary community in Indonesia as a case study, this paper aims to understand how non-specialty Robusta coffee value chain operates at the farmer-trader level and see if and how customary setting influences the relationships between actors. We employed a mixed-methods research design combining qualitative and quantitative analyses of primary and secondary data collected through group discussions, interviews, and participant observations. The social network analysis results showed that customary settings represented by clan-based familial relationships influenced farmer-trader relations, but it was not dominating. Coffee prices seem to be the major driver of the farmer-trader relations in Tebat Benawa. We argue that the relatively early stage of customary community consolidation indicates a weak social capital that makes economic rationale dominate farmers’ business decisions. This study contributes to the limited literature on the contemporary smallholder value chain of non-specialty Robusta coffee.

This study examines the impacts of partnerships for sustainability certifications in coffee value chains on farm income in Lampung Province, Sumatra-Indonesia. We conducted farm-household surveys, interviewing 171 samples in West Lampung and Tanggamus Districts, consisting of 98 farmers joining partnership and 73 farmers not joining. A probit model is used to determine decisions to join the partnership; ordinary least square (OLS) is used to analyze the determinants of farm income; and Heckman selection-correction model is used to reduce the selection bias in partnership participation. We find some selection in partnerships for sustainability certifications, driven by the age and education of household head, land holding size of coffee farm and the proximity to rural cooperatives-KUBE. The partnership farmers earn higher farm income than those not joining, due to a higher proportion of productive family members. After employing the treatment-effect model, we find that the partnership for sustainability certifications raises farm income, mostly due to higher coffee yield and farm-gate prices. These results reveal the need for policies to support the establishment and encouragement of partnerships for sustainability certifications. The internal control system (ICS) initiated by coffee corporations in implementing the sustainability certifications have improved the trust level between smallholders and global corporations.

Using Tebat Benawa customary community in Indonesia as a case study, this paper aims to understand how non-specialty Robusta coffee value chain operates at the farmer-trader level and see if and how customary setting influences the relationships between actors. We employed a mixed-methods research design combining qualitative and quantitative analyses of primary and secondary data collected through group discussions, interviews, and participant observations. The social network analysis results showed that customary settings represented by clan-based familial relationships influenced farmer-trader relations, but it was not dominating. Coffee prices seem to be the major driver of the farmer-trader relations in Tebat Benawa. We argue that the relatively early stage of customary community consolidation indicates a weak social capital that makes economic rationale dominate farmers' business decisions. This study contributes to the limited literature on the contemporary smallholder value chain of non-specialty Robusta coffee. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Honduras, some coffee farms must comply with strict standards of social, economic, and environmental sustainability, due to their organic, gender and fair-trade certifications. The principal research aim is to evaluate the musculoskeletal risks in occupations in a Honduran coffee farm certified in sustainable environments and to know the status of its workers within the farm. Musculoskeletal symptom perception during the last twelve months was consulted, assessing exposure to risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders using the Quick Exposure Check method. Data regarding 48 workers were analyzed to provide the results. Within the body regions where discomfort is concentrated, the back, shoulders, wrists, knees, and feet stand out, and the highest risk exposures are presented for the coffee cutters at the neck level and in the wrist/hand segment, in the coffee pickers at the back, shoulder–arm segment, and wrist/hand segment, and in the processors in the back area and shoulder–arm segment. It is concluded that, in all the coffee fruit harvesting processes, the people who work in these jobs are exposed to ergonomic risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Luna Azul is the property of Universidad de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Climate change impacts threaten farmers' livelihoods and global food security. Adaptation to climate change can protect both farmers and our food supply. Structurational divergence theory (SD theory) provides a holistic framework to understand the unique contexts of groups impacted by climate change and to reveal constraints and opportunities for adaptation efforts. We apply SD theory to climate change adaptation, focusing on a population of Colombian coffee farmers in Risaralda who are impacted by climate change. Our findings reveal a SD cycle blocking successful adaptation. Climate change impacts exacerbate farmers' pre-existing financial strain and threaten their livelihoods, yet they lack the information and political and structural support needed to take action. This impedes development and creates a downward spiral of immobilization; the farmers will continue to be unprepared for climate change and practice inconsistent adaptation efforts until structures shift to provide them with the information and resources needed for successful adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge sharing involves the exchange of knowledge in the form of expertise or skills among groups, friends, families, communities or organisations. This paper assesses the knowledge sharing strategies used by members of Gitwe Farmers’ Cooperative Society and Coffee Research in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to: establish the types of knowledge shared; examine the knowledge sharing methods; investigate the extent to which the knowledge shared is applied; analyse the factors that influence knowledge sharing between the farmers and the research institute; and to suggest measures to enhance knowledge sharing between them. The population of the study was 2181 consisting of coffee farmers, officials of Gitwe Farmers’ Co-operative Society and officers from the Coffee Research Institute. The study employed a mixed methods research approach. Qualitative data was collected through interviews while quantitative data was collected using questionnaires. Qualitative data was analysed thematically while quantitative data was analysed by descriptive statistics using Statistical Package for Social Studies (SPSS). The findings of this study if adopted are likely to improve the coffee farming methods by the farmers, improve coffee marketing strategies by the farmers and also manage coffee berry diseases among others.

The climate change and adaptation strategies for Arabica coffee farmers in Central Aceh Regency; the research that discuss the impact of climate change on Arabica coffee farming and how is the adaptation strategies of Arabica coffee farmers in Central Aceh Regency. The method used in sampling techniques is simple random sampling with 40 people were sampled. The analytical tool is a questionnaire given to arabica coffee farmers involved in coffee farming. From the results obtained, there are three categories of adaptation strategies undertaken by farmers in overcoming or mitigating the risk of impacts from climate change. These strategies include making rorak (dead-end trenches), planting shade plants and conducting water conservation. The study showed that the farmers was made the rorak manually by digging a 3 x 1 meter width and with 20-50 cm height, then the rorak excavation soil was used as a mound of soil that serves to hold water. The percentage of shade plant grown by coffee farmers in Central Aceh Regency are: lamtoro (65%), avocado (65%), kopyor orange (65%), jackfruit (47.5%), gayo tangerine (52.2%), banana (55%), durian (52.5%), mahogany (60%) and sengon (62.5%). Water conservation carried out by coffee farmers in Central Aceh Regency is by making infiltration wells that functioned as groundwater reserves in long droughts. As much as 66.5% of Coffee farmers in Aceh Tengah Regency experience the symptoms of climate change.

In Honduras, some coffee farms must comply with strict standards of social, economic, and environmental sustainability, due to their organic, gender and fair-trade certifications. The principal research aim is to evaluate the musculoskeletal risks in occupations in a Honduran coffee farm certified in sustainable environments and to know the status of its workers within the farm. Musculoskeletal symptom perception during the last twelve months was consulted, assessing exposure to risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders using the Quick Exposure Check method. Data regarding 48 workers were analyzed to provide the results. Within the body regions where discomfort is concentrated, the back, shoulders, wrists, knees, and feet stand out, and the highest risk exposures are presented for the coffee cutters at the neck level and in the wrist/hand segment, in the coffee pickers at the back, shoulder–arm segment, and wrist/hand segment, and in the processors in the back area and shoulder–arm segment. It is concluded that, in all the coffee fruit harvesting processes, the people who work in these jobs are exposed to ergonomic risks.

Purpose - The study analyzed factors that contributed for coffee value chain underdevelopment in the upstream supply chain members (farmers) in Ethiopia in terms of factors related to coffee value chain governance, coffee value redistribution among actors, and the level of government support to develop coffee value chain in the area. Design/Methodology/Approach - The survey of 202 respondents was made in East Wollega Zone, Gudeya Bila District, Ganda Gute Canco coffee farmers located in the West of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In addition, observation and two key informant interviews were made to triangulate the surveyed data from farmers to enable conclusion about coffee value chain development in the study area. Findings - The findings indicated that factors attributed to the underdevelopment of coffee value chain are mainly explained by: value chain governance dominance in the downstream coffee supply chain, lack of subsidy and hedging to coffee farmers, high logistics cost to market due to poor accessibility to road infrastructure to coffee farm site, long coffee cash-to-cash cycle time, low margin to farmers in the coffee value chain, no value addition to intrinsic coffee value chain up to export gate but increased price at downstream coffee value chain, and low level of mechanization and innovation. Research Limitation/Implications - The findings of the survey on reasons for coffee value chain underdevelopment are generalizable for other agricultural commodity value chain in Ethiopia and developing countries. Practical Implications - The way coffee value chain is governed in the upstream supply chain member can be optimized through policy intervention by government through coffee value chain development. Originality/Value - The paper has significant contribution in terms of case observation in the area, and the way coffee value is redistributed among coffee supply chain members in the absence of governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several factors can influence the process of pricing mechanisms, namely competition between market participants, regulation, product quality, and consumer preferences. This is a challenge for Gayo Arabica coffee farmers, where coffee is the main commodity in Central Aceh Regency. This paper aimed to determine the social relations that occur between social actors (farmers, collectors, certification cooperatives and exporters) in the coffee marketing mechanism. This paper used a qualitative research method with a survey approach by conducting interviews with farmers, collectors, certification cooperatives and exporters. The results showed that the marketing of Gayo Arabica coffee involved several layers of actors. The coffee product marketing system can be done through two facilities, namely through export sales and domestic sales. There are differences in the income of coffee farmers in marketing coffee abroad or in the country where farmers benefit more from selling coffee products for exports. Relationship among actors are interdependent and bound. Farmers need collectors as tool providers and coffee price informans. Farmers follow cooperative certificates to get fair and more profitable prices.

This article explores the sustainability initiatives undertaken in a non-certified market involving an indigenous Southern firm and smallholder coffee farmers in Uganda. In response to recent calls, we take a performative approach to sustainability and employ an agencing lens to ask the question: how are sustainable coffee farmers constituted in concrete situations, and what role do they play in co-constructing sustainability? The ethnographic study undertaken reveals the proactive and interactive participation of farmers in co-constructing sustainability. Also unveiled, are the continuous and iteratively emergent agencing processes involving firms, farmers, and market devices, which collectively create variably-agenced sustainable farmers who perform diverse versions of sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Sociologia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims were, first to measure the level of farmers’ willingness to pay the external cost to improve the environment and second, examine the determinant factors. The experiment was conducted in District Sumberjaya and Sekincau, West Lampung District during June-October 2009. Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was used to answer the first purpose, while ordinal logit regression analysis was used to answer the second purpose. Factors of farmland area, land productivity, household income, educational level, number of family labor, and knowledge of farmers about the benefits of forests had positive influence on WTP while distance of farmers’ house to the forest had negative influence. The increase of WTP was needed to reduce environmental damage due to forest conversion to coffee plantation; moreover, environment improvement hopefully could restore the function of forest where coffee trees were planted.

ABSTRACT Aspirations motivate behaviours, serve to mobilize and direct energy into actions, and are regarded as important determinants of success. Given the importance of aspirations and their formation in social interaction, the objective of this article is to evaluate if cooperative membership can have effects on members' aspiration levels. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 305 Ethiopian coffee farmers on their aspired levels in five dimensions of their lives. Results, using a propensity score matching technique, show that membership in cooperatives significantly improves the aspiration levels of the members. The article emphasizes the utilization of this hidden but important benefit of cooperatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary Rural producer organizations (RPOs) are currently seen as mechanisms of reducing transaction costs and improving market access of smallholder farmers. Yet little is known about the determinants of RPO effectiveness, especially in Sub-Saharan African countries. In this article we assess functioning of Ugandan RPO using a combination of participatory research and survey methods. We recommend areas for development interventions that would enhance the positive impact of RPO on livelihoods of their members. The proposed interventions refer to monetary transactions between RPO and their members, information channels within RPO, access to inputs and finance, member knowledge capacity and motivation of leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small-scale coffee farmers understand certain complex ecological processes, and successfully navigate some of the challenges emerging from the ecological complexity on their farms. It is generally thought that scientific knowledge is able to complement farmers' knowledge. However, for this collaboration to be fruitful, the gap between the knowledge frameworks of both farmers and scientists will need to be closed. We report on the learning results of 14 workshops held in Chiapas, Mexico during 2015 in which 117 small-scale coffee farmers of all genders (30% women) and ages who had little schooling were exposed by researchers to a natural history narrative, a multispecies network representation, a board game, and a series of graphical quizzes, all related to a nine-species complex ecological network with potential for autonomous control of the ongoing and devastating coffee rust epidemic that was affecting them. Farmers' retention and understanding of direct and indirect bilateral interactions among organisms was assessed with different methods to elucidate the effect of adding Azteca Chess gaming sessions to a detailed and very graphical lecture. Evaluation methods that were better adapted to farmers' conditions improved learning scores and showed statistically significant age effect (players older than 40 had lower retention scores) and gaming effect (lower retention of interactions included in the lecture but not in the game). The combination of lecture and game sessions helped participants better understand cascades of trait-mediated interactions. Participants' debriefings confirmed qualitatively that they learned that beneficial organisms and interactions occur on their farms, and that gaming was enjoyable, motivating, and critical to grasp complex interactions. Many of the farmers concluded that the outcome of these interactions is not unique and not always in favor of rust control but is context dependent. Many concluded that there are feasible things they can do on their farms, derived from what they learned, to favor potential autonomous pest control.

Introduction. The incursion of ICT's, by the national government, has put in a public scenario the relationship between information, consumption and technology appropriation in the rural Colombian sector. Today, productivity and daily life if rural areas are related with the digital activities and practices. Objective. Identify the use and the appropriation of "ICT tablets" in Antioquian coffee production towns. Materials and methods. The study is classified as qualitative, as it aims to comprise an outlook of data, information and results that involve rural daily life, experiences and human relationships proper of the Antioquian coffee farmers and the use they make of the ICT tablet devices. Meetings with focus groups and conversations in rural places were made, thus evaluating and getting to know the program from the cultural and social characteristics of the farmers. Focused interviews were also made, and a content analysis instrument was designed to revise the tablet's contents and applications related to coffee farming topics. Results. 1) The dimensions of social appropriation of technology from the access, competencies, digital literacy and gender equality in the use, were demonstrated according to the UNESCO's ICT appropriation parameters. 2) The assimilation of technology is not incompatible with the daily experience of coffee farmers. The relationship is mutual, round, the device and the rural necessities coexist in harmony. Conclusion. The ICT appropriation levels achieved by coffee farmers are high, especially in those who assume the challenge of overcome fear, inexperience and lack of technological knowledge. They do want to add these technologies to their daily lives. The fact that most of coffee farmers have cellular phones and consider the "Coffee Tablet" as a valuable element for their lives and for their families, is a valuable opportunity to boost rural development and production with the use of ICT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article assesses the effects of the new domestic cherry market on coffee-growing households in Rwanda using panel data. Findings from combined first differenced with instrumental variable specification and other estimation methods provide evidence that farmers who sell to the cherry market do not increase their expenditures compared to farmers selling to the traditional parchment market. The different time lags in terms of when farmers started selling to the new cherry market may explain the lack of statistically significant differences across the two groups. It is possible that farmers will adjust their expenditure patterns in subsequent periods after year-over-year market trends become more apparent to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: How has commodity market liberalization and the privatization of market regulatory institutions since the 1990s affected the political influence of farmers in directing policy? Examining the case of coffee exporting countries, this paper explores how farmer participation in the coffee authority affects market outcomes for farmers. Using the producer share of the world price for coffee, this analysis tests whether the farmer share of the world price is higher in countries where farmer groups participate in the country’s coffee authority. The results of a robust regression indicate that producer participation in the coffee authority has a positive impact in arabica-producing countries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]