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UMR AGAP - équipe AFEF - Architecture et fonctionnement des espèces fruitières; International audience; The olive (Olea europaea L.) is a typical important perennial crop species for which the genetic determination and even functionality of self-incompatibility (SI) are still largely unresolved. It is still not known whether SI is under gametophytic or sporophytic genetic control, yet fruit production in orchards depends critically on successful ovule fertilization. We studied the genetic determination of SI in olive in light of recent discoveries in other genera of the Oleaceae family. Using intra- and inter-specific stigma tests on 89 genotypes representative of species-wide olive diversity and the compatibility/incompatibility reactions of progeny plants from controlled crosses, we confirmed that O. europaea shares the same homomorphic diallelic self-incompatibility (DSI) system as the one recently identified in Phillyrea angustifolia and Fraxinus ornus. SI is sporophytic in olive. The incompatibility response differs between the two SI groups in terms of how far pollen tubes grow before growth is arrested within stigma tissues. As a consequence of this DSI system, the chance of cross-incompatibility between pairs of varieties in an orchard is high (50%) and fruit production may be limited by the availability of compatible pollen. The discovery of the DSI system in O. europaea will undoubtedly offer opportunities to optimize fruit production.

On montre, sur des exemples, comment trois méthodes d’analyse des données provenant d’essais multilocaux, dérivées en particulier des travaux de MANDEL (1971), BURDON (1979), GOFFINET & VINCOURT (1980), permettent d’enrichir la connaissance des sélectionneurs. Les effets des génotypes sont regardés comme fixés ou comme aléatoires. Ces techniques, qui permettent d’établir une continuité entre les concepts utilisés en sélection (héritabilité) et les critères empiriques de choix, peuvent être diffusées auprès des sélectionneurs au travers des programmes HENDER et MULTILOC (développés en FORTRAN sur Mini-6, CII-HB)., From the approaches of MANDEL (1971), BURDON (1979), and GOFFINET & VINCOURT (1980), three methods of analysis of genotype x environment data are presented through experimental results. Estimations obtained for genotype performance, with fixed or random effects, seemed to be able to improve the value of selection criteria, by integrating in the same approach both empirical practice and the concepts that are commonly used in selection, such as heritability or predicted gain.

From the approaches of MANDEL (1971), BURDON (1979), and GOFFINET & VINCOURT (1980), three methods of analysis of genotype x environment data are presented through experimental results. Estimations obtained for genotype performance, with fixed or random effects, seemed to be able to improve the value of selection criteria, by integrating in the same approach both empirical practice and the concepts that are commonly used in selection, such as heritability or predicted gain.; On montre, sur des exemples, comment trois méthodes d’analyse des données provenant d’essais multilocaux, dérivées en particulier des travaux de MANDEL (1971), BURDON (1979), GOFFINET & VINCOURT (1980), permettent d’enrichir la connaissance des sélectionneurs. Les effets des génotypes sont regardés comme fixés ou comme aléatoires. Ces techniques, qui permettent d’établir une continuité entre les concepts utilisés en sélection (héritabilité) et les critères empiriques de choix, peuvent être diffusées auprès des sélectionneurs au travers des programmes HENDER et MULTILOC (développés en FORTRAN sur Mini-6, CII-HB).