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1. Does the sex of one’s co-twin affect height and BMI in adulthood? A study of dizygotic adult twins from 31 cohorts

Author

Leonie H. Bogl, Aline Jelenkovic, Eero Vuoksimaa, Linda Ahrenfeldt, Kirsi H. Pietiläinen, Maria A. Stazi, Corrado Fagnani, Cristina D’Ippolito, Yoon-Mi Hur, Hoe-Uk Jeong, Judy L. Silberg, Lindon J. Eaves, Hermine H. Maes, Gombojav Bayasgalan, Danshiitsoodol Narandalai, Tessa L. Cutler, Christian Kandler, Kerry L. Jang, Kaare Christensen, Axel Skytthe, Kirsten O. Kyvik, Wendy Cozen, Amie E. Hwang, Thomas M. Mack, Catherine A. Derom, Robert F. Vlietinck, Tracy L. Nelson, Keith E. Whitfield, Robin P. Corley, Brooke M. Huibregtse, Tom A. McAdams, Thalia C. Eley, Alice M. Gregory, Robert F. Krueger, Matt McGue, Shandell Pahlen, Gonneke Willemsen, Meike Bartels, Toos C. E. M. van Beijsterveldt, Zengchang Pang, Qihua Tan, Dongfeng Zhang, Nicholas G. Martin, Sarah E. Medland, Grant W. Montgomery, Jacob v. B. Hjelmborg, Esther Rebato, Gary E. Swan, Ruth Krasnow, Andreas Busjahn, Paul Lichtenstein, Sevgi Y. Öncel, Fazil Aliev, Laura A. Baker, Catherine Tuvblad, Sisira H. Siribaddana, Matthew Hotopf, Athula Sumathipala, Fruhling Rijsdijk, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Nancy L. Pedersen, Anna K. Dahl Aslan, Juan R. Ordoñana, Juan F. Sánchez-Romera, Lucia Colodro-Conde, Glen E. Duncan, Dedra Buchwald, Adam D. Tarnoki, David L. Tarnoki, Yoshie Yokoyama, John L. Hopper, Ruth J. F. Loos, Dorret I. Boomsma, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Karri Silventoinen, and Jaakko Kaprio

Subjects
Prenatal hormone exposure, Opposite-sex twins, Height, Body mass index, CODATwins, Medicine, Physiology, QP1-981
Abstract

Abstract Background The comparison of traits in twins from opposite-sex (OS) and same-sex (SS) dizygotic twin pairs is considered a proxy measure of prenatal hormone exposure. To examine possible prenatal hormonal influences on anthropometric traits, we compared mean height, body mass index (BMI), and the prevalence of being overweight or obese between men and women from OS and SS dizygotic twin pairs. Methods The data were derived from the COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins) database, and included 68,494 SS and 53,808 OS dizygotic twin individuals above the age of 20 years from 31 twin cohorts representing 19 countries. Zygosity was determined by questionnaires or DNA genotyping depending on the study. Multiple regression and logistic regression models adjusted for cohort, age, and birth year with the twin type as a predictor were carried out to compare height and BMI in twins from OS pairs with those from SS pairs and to calculate the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for being overweight or obese. Results OS females were, on average, 0.31 cm (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20, 0.41) taller than SS females. OS males were also, on average, taller than SS males, but this difference was only 0.14 cm (95% CI 0.02, 0.27). Mean BMI and the prevalence of overweight or obesity did not differ between males and females from SS and OS twin pairs. The statistically significant differences between OS and SS twins for height were small and appeared to reflect our large sample size rather than meaningful differences of public health relevance. Conclusions We found no evidence to support the hypothesis that prenatal hormonal exposure or postnatal socialization (i.e., having grown up with a twin of the opposite sex) has a major impact on height and BMI in adulthood.

Published
2017
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2. Does the sex of one’s co-twin affect height and BMI in adulthood? : A study of dizygotic adult twins from 31 cohorts

Author

Bogl, Leonie H., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Kaprio, Jaakko, Bogl, Leonie H., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., and Kaprio, Jaakko

Abstract

Background: The comparison of traits in twins from opposite-sex (OS) and same-sex (SS) dizygotic twin pairs is considered a proxy measure of prenatal hormone exposure. To examine possible prenatal hormonal influences on anthropometric traits, we compared mean height, body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of being overweight or obese between men and women from OS and SS dizygotic twin pairs. Methods: The data were derived from COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins) database, and included 68,494 SS and 53,808 OS dizygotic twin individuals above the age of 20 years from 31 twin cohorts representing 19 countries. Zygosity was determined by questionnaires or DNA genotyping depending on the study. Multiple regression and logistic regression models adjusted for cohort, age and birth year with the twin type as a predictor were carried out to compare height and BMI in twins from OS pairs with those from SS pairs and to calculate the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for being overweight or obese. Results: OS females were, on average, 0.31 cm (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.20, 0.41) taller than SS females. OS males were also, on average, taller than SS males, but this difference was only 0.14 cm (95% CI: 0.02, 0.27). Mean BMI and the prevalence of overweight or obesity did not differ between males and females from SS and OS twin pairs. The statistically significant differences between OS and SS twins for height were small and appeared to reflect our large sample size rather than meaningful differences of public health relevance. Conclusions: We found no evidence to support the hypothesis that prenatal hormonal exposure or postnatal socialization (i.e., having grown up with a twin of the opposite sex) has a major impact on height and BMI in adulthood.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Does the sex of one’s co-twin affect height and BMI in adulthood? A study of dizygotic adult twins from 31 cohorts

Author

Fisiología, Genética, antropología física y fisiología animal, Fisiologia, Genetika,antropologia fisikoa eta animalien fisiologia, Bogl, Leonie H, Jelenkovic Moreno, Aline, Vuoksimaa, Eero, Ahrenfeldt, Linda, Pietiläinen, Kirsi H., Stazi, Maria A., Fagnani, Corrado, D’Ippolito, Cristina, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Silberg, Judy L., Eaves, Lindon J., Maes, Hermine H., Bayasgalan, Gombojav, Narandalai, Danshiitsoodol, Cutler, Tessa L., Kandler, Christian, Jang, Kerry L., Christensen, Kaare, Skytthe, Axel, Kyvik, Kirsten O., Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., McAdams, Tom A., Eley, Thalia C., Gregory, Alice M., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, Van Beijsterveldt, Toos C. E. M., Pang, Zengchang, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Hjelmborg, Jacob v. B., Rebato Ochoa, Esther Matilde, Swan, Gary E., Krasnow, Ruth, Busjahn, Andreas, Lichtenstein, Paul, Öncel, Sevgi Y., Aliev, Fazil, Baker, Laura A., Tuvblad, Catherine, Siribaddana, Sisira H., Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Ordoñana Martín, Juan Ramón, Sánchez Romera, Juan Francisco, Colodro Conde, Lucia, Duncan, Glen E., Buchwald, Dedra, Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Yokoyama, Yoshie, Hopper, John L., Loos, Ruth J. F., Boomsma, Dorret I., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Silventoinen, Karri, Kaprio, Jaakko, Fisiología, Genética, antropología física y fisiología animal, Fisiologia, Genetika,antropologia fisikoa eta animalien fisiologia, Bogl, Leonie H, Jelenkovic Moreno, Aline, Vuoksimaa, Eero, Ahrenfeldt, Linda, Pietiläinen, Kirsi H., Stazi, Maria A., Fagnani, Corrado, D’Ippolito, Cristina, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Silberg, Judy L., Eaves, Lindon J., Maes, Hermine H., Bayasgalan, Gombojav, Narandalai, Danshiitsoodol, Cutler, Tessa L., Kandler, Christian, Jang, Kerry L., Christensen, Kaare, Skytthe, Axel, Kyvik, Kirsten O., Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., McAdams, Tom A., Eley, Thalia C., Gregory, Alice M., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, Van Beijsterveldt, Toos C. E. M., Pang, Zengchang, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Hjelmborg, Jacob v. B., Rebato Ochoa, Esther Matilde, Swan, Gary E., Krasnow, Ruth, Busjahn, Andreas, Lichtenstein, Paul, Öncel, Sevgi Y., Aliev, Fazil, Baker, Laura A., Tuvblad, Catherine, Siribaddana, Sisira H., Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Ordoñana Martín, Juan Ramón, Sánchez Romera, Juan Francisco, Colodro Conde, Lucia, Duncan, Glen E., Buchwald, Dedra, Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Yokoyama, Yoshie, Hopper, John L., Loos, Ruth J. F., Boomsma, Dorret I., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Silventoinen, Karri, and Kaprio, Jaakko

Abstract

Background: The comparison of traits in twins from opposite-sex (OS) and same-sex (SS) dizygotic twin pairs is considered a proxy measure of prenatal hormone exposure. To examine possible prenatal hormonal influences on anthropometric traits, we compared mean height, body mass index (BMI), and the prevalence of being overweight or obese between men and women from OS and SS dizygotic twin pairs. Methods: The data were derived from the COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins) database, and included 68,494 SS and 53,808 OS dizygotic twin individuals above the age of 20 years from 31 twin cohorts representing 19 countries. Zygosity was determined by questionnaires or DNA genotyping depending on the study. Multiple regression and logistic regression models adjusted for cohort, age, and birth year with the twin type as a predictor were carried out to compare height and BMI in twins from OS pairs with those from SS pairs and to calculate the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for being overweight or obese. Results: OS females were, on average, 0.31 cm (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20, 0.41) taller than SS females. OS males were also, on average, taller than SS males, but this difference was only 0.14 cm (95% CI 0.02, 0.27). Mean BMI and the prevalence of overweight or obesity did not differ between males and females from SS and OS twin pairs. The statistically significant differences between OS and SS twins for height were small and appeared to reflect our large sample size rather than meaningful differences of public health relevance. Conclusions: We found no evidence to support the hypothesis that prenatal hormonal exposure or postnatal socialization (i.e., having grown up with a twin of the opposite sex) has a major impact on height and BMI in adulthood.

Published
2017

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