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Adolescence represents a crucial period for sexual and romantic relationship development, and acquisition of skills and confidence essential for effective sexual consent communication. However, various barriers may interfere with adolescents' belief in their ability (i.e., their self-efficacy) to negotiate consent in practice. This study aimed to investigate the state of adolescents' self-efficacy to ask for consent and explore the influence of romantic relationship communication (a construct comprised of three characteristics: relationship assertiveness skills, positive conflict resolution, and communication awkwardness). Participants were 411 adolescents who had current or past relationships (61% girls, 77% Latine, 79% heterosexual). Participants generally reported above-average levels of self-efficacy to ask for consent (M = 4.14 out of 7, SD = 1.24), with LGBQ+ adolescents exhibiting statistically significantly higher levels of self-efficacy compared to heterosexual adolescents (M = 4.51 vs. 4.09, t = -2.66, p =.008). Self-efficacy to ask for consent was positively individually related to positive conflict resolution and relationship assertiveness skills, and negatively related to communication awkwardness (all ps <.001). In a path model, romantic relationship communication displayed a statistically significant association with adolescents' self-efficacy to ask for consent, with high positive conflict resolution, low communication awkwardness, and high relationship assertiveness skills being associated with higher self-efficacy to ask for consent. Findings suggest improving adolescents' romantic communication skills may enhance their self-efficacy to ask for consent, and contribute to increased rates of sexual consent communication. Intervention strategies should target multiple levels of influence to promote positive consent cognitions, behaviors, and cultural norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on in-depth interviews, this study examines how students engage with awkwardness in television comedies. The article contributes to studies of awkwardness, its configuration in popular culture, and audiences' response to awkward-comic texts. Our findings show typical sequences and resources for producing awkward scenes. Participants tend to evaluate awkward scenes in terms of 'realism', i.e., whether they could relate the scene to their personal lives and/or imagine themselves in that situation. Furthermore, awkward sequences and feelings of awkwardness from the characters increases the evaluation of scenes as realistic. Finally, in line with Kotsko's (2010) characterisation of awkwardness as a social feeling, awkwardness spreads from the television screen when participants perceive if the character is feeling awkward or imagine themselves feeling awkward in that situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little is known about adults' experiences with developmental coordination disorder (DCD; sometimes also referred to as dyspraxia). Social media is an accessible opportunity for those who identify as dyspraxic or as having DCD to provide valuable insight into the lifespan impact of this condition on functional ability, participation, compensatory strategies, and well-being. We used the Twitter research application programming interface to identify users who self-identified with the keywords Developmental Coordination Disorder, #DCD, #dyspraxic (or # dyspraxia), or clumsy in their profile descriptions between October 10 and November 10, 2021. During that period, 818 tweets were harvested with 524 remaining after removing duplicates (e.g., multiple promotions of a single resource) and unrelated tweets. They were labeled according to motor differences (general motor, coordination, fine motor skills, oral motor skills, manual dexterity, driving, gross motor skills, movement pain and fatigue, posture and balance, and lower extremity); functional impact (advocacy/awareness, support for others, resources, information, and education, intervention, accommodation, and work); or other related topics (stimming and sensory, co-occurrence and diagnostic overlap, cognitive, social and communication speech, and emotional and mental health). The DCD/dyspraxic community has clearly identified a lifelong impact of motor differences across multiple contexts. DCD/dyspraxic Twitter users shared compensatory strategies that could help others, and offered insight into their experience of co-occurring conditions and cognitive/emotional sequelae of motor challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cy Twombly a mis en oeuvre une esthétique du brouillon éblouissante, réalisant des dessins hors genre qui supposaient d’abandonner les conventions, de libérer l’usage des couleurs et de se débarrasser des couches d’habitudes durcies par l’apprentissage, pour retrouver une énergie du gribouillage proche de (mais non réductible à) celle des enfants. Revenant sur la lecture qu’en propose Roland Barthes, on pense ici le caractère brouillon de ces oeuvres comme production aboutie, assumant absolument la rature ou l’hésitation.

Previous research has highlighted the effects of receiving interpersonal touch on persuasion. In contrast, we examine initiating touch. Individuals instructed to touch engage in egocentric projection in which they project their own affective reaction onto their expectations for how the recipient will feel (i.e. empathic forecast), how they appear to the recipient (i.e. metaperception), and the evaluation of the interaction itself (i.e. interaction awkwardness). Touch initiators expect that recipients will feel worse with touch, express concern for how they, themselves, will be perceived, and think that interactions are more awkward. Interestingly, touch recipients do not evaluate these interactions more negatively and leave higher tips after having been touched; touch initiators do not expect this to be the case. As a result, instructed touch initiators (vs. volitional touch initiators) are less (more) likely to engage in subsequent interactions with customers, potentially undermining future service provided to customers. Across five studies, four of which involve actual dyadic interactions, we test the consequences of initiating touch with an inquiry into the effects of interpersonal touch on the initiator. We discuss theoretical and managerial implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children with ADHD are frequently clumsy and involved in bullying, both as victims and perpetrators. The relationship between motor skills and bully status is poorly understood. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of motor skills in childhood on bully victimization/perpetration in those with ADHD. In this cross-sectional study, 403 adults diagnosed with ADHD filled out a questionnaire on their recall of bully victimization, bully perpetration, performance in physical education (PE) (defined as performance below average in i.e., ball dexterity, coordination or agility) as a proxy for motor skills, and academic skills at age 12, as compared to their peers. Of the current sample, 63% remembered being victimized and 31% noted they were perpetrators. Thirty-two percent recalled that they performed below average in PE. Being diagnosed with ADHD and having poor motor skills was strongly associated with bully victimization (OR = 2.63; 95% CI:1.62, 4.27, p <.001). Victimization was more common during all measured time periods, from nursery school until the age of 15, among those with poor performance in PE as compared to those without poor performance. No relationship was found between poor motor skills and bully perpetration. A crucial role of the cerebellum is coordination and the linking of sequenced motor actions through milli-second timing. Aberrations in this ability makes a person present as "different", which was stated as the most common reason for social exclusion by other children. Therefore, subtle clumsiness (presumed by poor performance in PE class) is suggested to mirror deficits in social skills, which is intuitively observed by peers, leading to victimization. • Poor performance in physical education is a reliable proxy for poor motor skills. • Poor motor skills strongly contribute to being bullied in childhood. • Poor motor skills are hypothesized to mirror poor underlying social skills. • Poor social skills are presumably the primary driver behind bully victimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Lesser toe fractures of the foot are a common lower extremity injury. The common mechanism of injury is a direct impact of force on the toe due to a collision of the toe with an object, often related as accidental injury or clumsiness.Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study. We compared patients with lesser toe fractures to a healthy control group. We used a motor imagery tool to evaluate the proprioception and function of the pre-motor, center of motion planning cortex. Forty images of the left/right feet in various positions were incorporated into a dedicated software application. Participant reaction time and accuracy of recognition were recorded.Results: Forty-two adult participants (20 with lesser toe fractures and 22 in the control healthy group) were included in the study. There was no difference in the participant's self-perception of clumsiness or involvement in activities that are related to better coordination. There was no difference in the accuracy or the reaction time in the motor imagery tool. The control group was significantly (p < 0.05) more accurate in recognizing their dominant side, whereas the fracture group was more accurate in recognizing their non-dominant side.Conclusions: Our findings do not support the premise that diminished coordination skills may predispose to injury to lesser toe fractures. Our findings may suggest that mixed laterality (hand/foot) is related to lesser toe fractures and thus may be related to clumsiness. Whether these alterations in perception bare merit in other types of physical injuries has yet to be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cervical myelopathy (CM) causes several symptoms such as clumsiness of the hands and often requires surgery. Screening and early diagnosis of CM are important because some patients are unaware of their early symptoms and consult a surgeon only after their condition has become severe. The 10-second hand grip and release test is commonly used to check for the presence of CM. The test is simple but would be more useful for screening if it could objectively evaluate the changes in movement specific to CM. A previous study analyzed finger movements in the 10-second hand grip and release test using the Leap Motion, a noncontact sensor, and a system was developed that can diagnose CM with high sensitivity and specificity using machine learning. However, the previous study had limitations in that the system recorded few parameters and did not differentiate CM from other hand disorders. Objective: This study aims to develop a system that can diagnose CM with higher sensitivity and specificity, and distinguish CM from carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), a common hand disorder. We then validated the system with a modified Leap Motion that can record the joints of each finger. Methods: In total, 31, 27, and 29 participants were recruited into the CM, CTS, and control groups, respectively. We developed a system using Leap Motion that recorded 229 parameters of finger movements while participants gripped and released their fingers as rapidly as possible. A support vector machine was used for machine learning to develop the binary classification model and calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC). We developed two models, one to diagnose CM among the CM and control groups (CM/control model), and the other to diagnose CM among the CM and non-CM groups (CM/non-CM model). Results: The CM/control model indexes were as follows: sensitivity 74.2%, specificity 89.7%, and AUC 0.82. The CM/non-CM model indexes were as follows: sensitivity 71%, specificity 72.87%, and AUC 0.74. Conclusions: We developed a screening system capable of diagnosing CM with higher sensitivity and specificity. This system can differentiate patients with CM from patients with CTS as well as healthy patients and has the potential to screen for CM in a variety of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Habits underlie much of human behavior. However, people may prefer agentic accounts that overlook habits in favor of inner states, such as mood. We tested this misattribution hypothesis in an online experiment of helping behavior (N = 809 adults) as well as in an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study of U.S. college students' everyday coffee drinking (N = 112). Both studies revealed a substantial gap between perceived and actual drivers of behavior: Habit strength outperformed or matched inner states in predicting behavior, but participants' explanations of their behavior emphasized inner states. Participants continued to misattribute habits to inner states when incentivized for accuracy and when explaining other people's behavior. We discuss how this misperception could adversely influence self-regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving personal growth often requires experiencing discomfort. What if instead of tolerating discomfort (e.g., feeling awkward or uncomfortable), people actively sought it out? Because discomfort is usually experienced immediately and is easy to detect, we suggest that seeking discomfort as a signal of growth can increase motivation. Five experiments (total N = 2,163 adults) tested this prediction across various areas of personal growth: taking improvisation classes to increase self-confidence, engaging in expressive writing to process difficult emotions, becoming informed about the COVID-19 health crisis, opening oneself to opposing political viewpoints, and learning about gun violence. Across these areas of personal development, seeking discomfort as a signal of self-growth motivated engagement and increased perceived goal achievement relative to standard instructions. Consistent with our theorizing, results showed that these effects occurred only in areas of personal growth that cause immediate discomfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is mainly described as a disorder of communication and socialization. However, motor abnormalities are also common in ASD. New technologies may offer quantitative and automatic metrics to measure movement difficulties. We sought to identify computational methods to automatize the assessment of motor impairments in ASD. We systematically searched for the terms 'autism', 'movement', 'automatic', 'computational' and 'engineering' in IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), Medline and Scopus databases and reviewed the literature from inception to 2018. We included all articles discussing: (1) automatic assessment/new technologies, (2) motor behaviours and (3) children with ASD. We excluded studies that included patient's or parent's reported outcomes as online questionnaires that focused on computational models of movement, but also eye tracking, facial emotion or sleep. In total, we found 53 relevant articles that explored static and kinetic equilibrium, like posture, walking, fine motor skills, motor synchrony and movements during social interaction that can be impaired in individuals with autism. Several devices were used to capture relevant motor information such as cameras, 3D cameras, motion capture systems, accelerometers. Interestingly, since 2012, the number of studies increased dramatically as technologies became less invasive, more precise and more affordable. Open-source software has enabled the extraction of relevant data. In a few cases, these technologies have been implemented in serious games, like "Pictogram Room", to measure the motor status and the progress of children with ASD. Movement computing opens new perspectives for patient assessment in ASD research, enabling precise characterizations in experimental and at-home settings, and a better understanding of the role of sensorimotor disturbances in the development of social cognition and ASD. These methods would likely enable researchers and clinicians to better distinguish ASD from other motors disorders while facilitating an improved monitoring of children's progress in more ecological settings (i.e. at home or school). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Objective: To develop a binary classification model for cervical myelopathy (CM) screening based on a machine learning algorithm using Leap Motion (Leap Motion, San Francisco, CA), a novel noncontact sensor device.Summary Of Background Data: Progress of CM symptoms are gradual and cannot be easily identified by the patients themselves. Therefore, screening methods should be developed for patients of CM before deterioration of myelopathy. Although some studies have been conducted to objectively evaluate hand movements specific to myelopathy using cameras or wearable sensors, their methods are unsuitable for simple screening outside hospitals because of the difficulty in obtaining and installing their equipment and the long examination time.Methods: In total, 50 and 28 participants in the CM and control groups were recruited, respectively. The diagnosis of CM was made by spine surgeons. We developed a desktop system using Leap Motion that recorded 35 parameters of fingertip movements while participants gripped and released their fingers as rapidly as possible. A support vector machine was used to develop the binary classification model, and a multiple linear regression analysis was performed to create regression models to estimate the total Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and the JOA score of the motor function of the upper extremity (MU-JOA score).Results: The binary classification model indexes were as follows: sensitivity, 84.0%; specificity, 60.7%; accuracy, 75.6%; area under the curve, 0.85. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient between the estimated score and the total JOA score was 0.44 and that between the estimated score and the MU-JOA score was 0.51.Conclusion: Our binary classification model using a machine learning algorithm and Leap Motion could classify CM with high sensitivity and would be useful for CM screening in daily life before consulting doctors and telemedicine.Level of Evidence: 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Clumsiness has been described as a symptom associated with neck pain and injury. However, the actuality of this symptom in clinical practice is unclear. The aim of this investigation was to collect definitions and frequency of reports of clumsiness in clinical studies of neck pain/injury, identify objective measures of clumsiness and investigate the association between the neck and objective measures of clumsiness.Methods: Six electronic databases were systematically searched, records identified and assessed including a risk of bias. Heterogeneity in designs of studies prevented pooling of data, so qualitative analysis was undertaken.Results: Eighteen studies were retrieved and assessed; the overall quality of evidence was moderate to high. Eight were prospective cross-sectional studies comparing upper limb sensorimotor task performance and ten were case series involving a healthy cohort only. Clumsiness was defined as a deficit in coordination or impairment of upper limb kinesthesia. All but one of 18 studies found a deterioration in performing upper limb kinesthetic tasks including a healthy cohort where participants were exposed to a natural neck intervention that required the neck to function toward extreme limits.Conclusion: Alterations in neck sensory input occurring as a result of requiring the neck to operate near the end of its functional range in healthy people and in patients with neck pain/injury are associated with reductions in acuity of upper limb kinesthetic sense and deterioration in sensorimotor performance. Understanding the association between the neck and decreased accuracy of upper limb kinesthetic tasks provide pathways for treatment and rehabilitation strategies in managing clumsiness.

As Chinese people engaged with the Australian cultural scene in recent years, two posts about its humour attracted considerable attention from netizens in the People's Republic of China. The post authors believed that their firsthand accounts of events demonstrated how Australians used humour to overcome awkward situations and regarded this as an essential national characteristic. In each case, other interpretations were possible if cultural factors had been taken into account, including the contemporary culture of China, Putonghua language usage and the Anglo-centrism that is common to cross-cultural studies. This exploratory generalist textual study concludes that the authors' interpretations were largely determined by their cultural bias and by traditional regard for 'face' and politeness, and reflect the fact that, ultimately, the extent of cross-cultural communication is governed by international politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Developmental coordination disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can interfere with motor coordination and that causes psychological problems. Research refer to the positive effects of training on sensory and motor functions, but could Wii Fit exercise be effective on clumsiness and quality of life these children? Aims: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Wii Fit exercises on clumsiness and the quality of life in children with DCD. Method: The present research was a quasi-experimental study. Using Willson (2007) developmental coordination disorder questionnaire, 30 children aged 7-12 years with DCD were selected through cluster sampling and placed randomly into two experimental and control groups. In order to evaluate the dependent variables, Bruininks-Oseretsky (1950) test of motor proficiency and Sebir et al. (2007) health related quality of life questionnaire were used. The experimental group received an intervention program for 8 weeks (2 sessions per week, 55 minutes per session). Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two experimental and control groups in the variables of clumsiness (F= 14/92, p≤0/001) and quality of life (F= 121/28, p≤0/001). Conclusions: Wii Fit exercises can affect the clumsiness and quality of life of DCD children.

Objective This study was aimed to evaluate motor tracts integrity in nondisabled preterm-born (PT) children at 9 years of age. Methods Overall, 18 PT and 13 term-born (T) children without motor disability were assessed by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were measured bilaterally from the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and the tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. Muscle responses could be stimulated from all patients. Results Overall, 83.3 and 23.1% of PT and T children, respectively, had mild clumsiness (p = 0.001). One PT and three T children had immediate bilateral responses in the upper extremities. Seven PT children had delayed ipsilateral APB responses after left and ten after right TMS. Three controls had delayed ipsilateral responses. Ipsilateral lower extremity responses were seen in one PT after right and two PT children and one T child after left TMS. The results did not correlate to groups, genders, clumsiness, or handedness. Conclusion Children of PT and T may have bilateral motor responses after TMS at 9 years of age. Ipsilateral conduction emerges immediately or more often slightly delayed and more frequently in upper than in lower extremities. Significance Bilateral motor conduction reflects developmental and neurophysiological variability in children at 9 years of age. MEPs can be used as a measure of corticospinal tract integrity in PT children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As water-sector professionals re-discover the value in the 'waste' conveyed in 'waste'water, this Viewpoint argues that the theory of plural rationality (also known as Cultural Theory) may accelerate the switch from waste management to resource recovery. Accordingly, it extends the framing of plural rationality, from its traditional applications in matters of governance and social and economic analysis, to the beginnings of a set of plural schools of engineering thought. This sounds controversial. Indeed, we hope it is. For all too often ways to resolve water issues end up in the impasse of two deeply entrenched positions: the 'technocratic reductionism' of the 'quick engineering fix' to problem solving; and the 'participatory holism' of the 'local, socially sensitive, integrationist' approach. Plural rationality sees this is an impoverished duopoly. Our very strong preference is to find ways of promoting the creative interplay among plural (more than two), mutually opposed, contending ways of framing a problem and resolving it. This, we argue, should not only expand the portfolio of possible alternatives for technology-policy interventions, but also lead to the chosen alternative being preferable — in social, economic, and environmental terms — to what might otherwise have happened. Such solutions are called 'clumsy' in plural rationality theory. We use a synopsis of a case history of restoring water quality in the River Rhine in Europe, within a wider account of the sweep of resource recovery spanning two centuries (late 18th Century through early 21st Century), to illustrate how clumsiness works. This, however, does not extend to our elaborating our proposed set of plural schools of engineering thought beyond just its very beginnings. Our Viewpoint allows us merely to start framing the challenge of developing, and eventually applying, such a notion.

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In the present study the walking pattern of 10 children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) was investigated and compared to that of 10 typically developing, matched control children. All children walked at a similar velocity that was scaled to the length of the leg on a motor-driven treadmill. Three-dimensional kinematics were recorded with a motion capture digital camera system. The spatiotemporal parameters of the gait pattern revealed that children with DCD walked with shorter steps and at a higher frequency than the typically developing children. In addition, the children with DCD exhibited a body configuration that demonstrated increased trunk inclination during the entire gait cycle and enhanced during the entire gait cycle. At toe-off a less pronounced plantar flexion of the ankle was observed in children with DCD. In conclusion, it appeared that children with DCD make adaptations to their gait pattern on a treadmill to compensate for problems with neuromuscular and/or balance control. These adaptations seem to result in a safer walking strategy where the compromise between equilibrium and propulsion is different compared to typically developing children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim was to evaluate the applicability of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) adapted for use on the population of children in Serbia. The sample consisted of 901 children (age range 60-168 months) who did not have problems with coordination and the clinical sample of 58 children (age range 60-108 months). The parents assessed their child's coordination rating it on a 5-point Likert scale. Internal consistency of the instrument was 0.94, item-correlations were as high as over 0.70, test-retest reliability was good (r=0.97, p=0.00). The results revealed a significant positive correlation between the total questionnaire score and age (r=0.28, p=0.00). Factor analysis confirmed three-factor structure. The questionnaire had good sensitivity (98%) and specificity (78%). The DCDQ applied on Serbian children has a potential to be a reliable and valid instrument for screening children with coordination problems.

Introduction: One of the most important problems of children with nonverbal learning disabilities is clumsiness and poor coordination. This issue prevents children’s academic achievement and socio-emotional development. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sensory-motor integration on clumsiness in children with nonverbal learning disabilities. Materials and Methods: The present study was performed through pre-test and post-test. For this purpose, 7 children with nonverbal learning disabilities (4 boys and 3 girls) in grades 2 to 5 of elementary school in Tehran, Iran, were selected using non-random sampling method. The Lincoln-Oseretsky motor scale was completed before and after the intervention and the data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test. Results: Sensory-motor integration had a positive significant effect on balance (P = 0.017), rough motor skills (P = 0.018), fine motor skills (P = 0.016), bilateral coordination (P = 0.012), and total clumsiness score (P = 0.016). Conclusion: The results showed that sensory-motor integration caused a significant difference in clumsiness in children with nonverbal learning disabilities and improved their motor skills in the four areas of balance, rough motor skills, fine motor skills, and bilateral coordination.

Although family and friends can drain a household's finances by requesting personal loans, lenders have proven savvy in how they respond to such requests. Beyond identifying the importance of sincerity tests for curtailing the pressure to help others in one's social circle, the studies of negative social capital do not address why the pressure to lend varies according to the dramaturgical performance strategies of the benefactors. In other words, how do potential lenders manage to say no without saying no? Using interview evidence from clients at the Mission Asset Fund in California, we show how individuals engage in obfuscatory relational work, performing a self that evades the taboo of greedy callousness, while sometimes telling half-truths about not being able to help in the way borrowers would like. Unlike the concept of obfuscatory relational work, however, we focus on expected transfers that do not happen and on unreciprocated gifts that are disguised as loans. The lender and recipient are engaged in face-saving obfuscation; but in the first case, the lender presents a generous self that is emotionally close to the borrower; in the second, the lender helps the recipient of the gift maintain face by avoiding an awkward ask, pretending the "loan" is expected to be repaid. This paper outlines different strategies of obfuscation among adults trying to improve their financial lives and the contingencies at play as a ruse is abandoned in favor of a direct refusal to lend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malpractice claims are a regularly increasing concern in gastrointestinal surgery. The goal of this study was to compare the current status of claims in two different French-speaking communities by a retrospective descriptive study of surgeons' experiences, from the beginning of their practice up until December 31 2014. Data included the number, the reasons, and the results of medicolegal claims and their jurisdictions. Forty-three surgeons participated in this study. Two hundred medicolegal claims were analyzed. The mean number was 5.8 per surgeon. Bariatric surgery, colorectal surgery and parietal surgery were the most exposed. Forty-six (23%) faults were noted, while no fault was pronounced in 139 (69.5%) cases. The main reasons for lodging complaints were nosocomial infections, anastomotic leaks, poor postoperative care, hollow organ perforation, peripheral neurologic complication, and insufficient preoperative information. Forty-four percent of the complaints were analyzed by the conciliation and compensation commissions and 43.5% by the High Court. In the French-speaking group, there were 13 complaints, two of which gave rise to compensation. French surgeons are highly exposed to complaints: in French law, clumsiness or technical maladdress is considered as a fault. The patient should be informed preoperatively of all possible severe risks of a medical procedure. In Belgium, complications are exceptional and are considered random therapeutic events. Adhering to the recommendations emanating from the French High Authority of Health and Learned Societies as well as accreditation issued by the same High Authority should allow to decrease the number of undesirable events related to care and malpractice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Peak height velocity has been reported to be associated with the phenomenon of adolescent awkwardness, a temporary disruption in motor skills, and an increase in injuries in some adolescents. To date, it is not entirely clear which motor abilities are deficient during the phase of rapid growth.Research Question: We hypothesized that static as well as dynamic postural control is influenced by biological maturation.Methods: The study was conducted in a prospective, cross-sectional design. Maturity offset, a somatic indicator for biological maturation was captured for n = 99 male soccer players (13.7 ± 0.5 years). Static and dynamic balance were assessed by the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) and the Y-Balance Test (YBT), respectively. Influences of biological maturation on balance performances have been analyzed by linear mixed models.Results: Linear mixed model analyses revealed that biological maturation is significantly associated with the total BESS score (p = 0.022, b = 2.195) as well as the YBT anterior (right leg: p = 0.023, b = -0.022; left leg: p = 0.015, b = -0.024) and posteromedial reach directions (left leg: p = 0.02, b = -0.029). No significant associations were found for the other YBT distances.Significance: Based on our results, maturation seems to have a considerable influence on postural control. It might be that deficits in balance performance contribute to the phenomenon of adolescent awkwardness and therefore lead to an increased injury risk during the adolescent growth spurt. To possibly prevent injuries in youth soccer, biological maturation should be taken into consideration in youth sport coaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored the relationship between perceived physical competence and physical awkwardness in an effort to gain further understanding of the effects of motor incompetence on behavior. Subjects included 195 children in Grades 3 through 6. Multiple regression analysis found that gender, the importance attached to physical competence, and the interaction between severity of awkwardness and grade were significant predictors of perceptions of physical competence. As expected, males reported higher perceptions of physical competence than females. In addition, the higher the rating that subjects attached to the importance of physical competence, the higher their perceptions of physical competence. Investigation of the interaction between severity of awkwardness and grade revealed that the expected decrease in perceptions of competence associated with increasing severity of awkwardness was present only in third-grade children. It is suggested that older awkward children may utilize strategies to maintain positive perceptions of competence and motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clumsiness adalah salah satu gangguan perkembangan yang ditandai dengan gangguan bermakna koordinasi motorik. Diagnosis ini dibuat hanya bila gangguan tersebut mempengaruhi pencapaian akademis atau aktifitas kehidupan sehari-hari. Gangguan koordinasi yang terjadi tidak diakibatkan oleh suatu kondisi medis tertentu dan tidak memenuhi kriteria gangguan perkembangan pervasif. Jika disertai retardasi mental maka gangguan motorik tersebut akan tampak mendominasi. Prevalensi clumsiness diperkirakan 6%-13% dari populasi anak. Diagnosis clumsiness didasarkan pada kriteria diagnostik menurut Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) IV. Pendekatan terapi clumsiness meliputi terapi okupasi dan fisioterapi yang secara garis besar dikategorikan dalam pendekatan bottom-up maupun pendekatan top-down. Tanpa intervensi khusus, anak-anak yang mengalami clumsiness akan menetap hingga dewasa

Many medical, psychiatric and neurological conditions have been characterized by a high prevalence of left-handedness or mixed-handedness. Several studies have indicated an elevated frequency of left-handedness in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). However, there have been few studies explicitly exploring this relationship. The assumption is that the prevalence of left-handedness in individuals with DCD is higher compared with the prevalence in the general population and resembles the prevalence described in children with other developmental disorders. Computerized searches were conducted in PubMed, PsycInfo and CINAHL databases. Thirty-eight studies were identified and included in the present review, containing handedness distributions across 1071 persons with DCD and 1,045 controls. The distribution of DCD participants across handedness-categories was proved to be significantly different from that of the control group, with 14.7 and 8.1% left-handers, respectively. The prevalence of left-handedness within the DCD-group is lower than that reported for ASD, and larger than in dyslexia. The elevated levels of left-handedness within the different developmental disorders supports the notion of an association between the different diagnoses. However, the present results are not sufficient to conclude anything about a common cause or underlying factor via the male hormone testosterone. The present results could act as a starting point for testing the hypothesis of such a common factor, as one of the requirements is an elevated prevalence of left-handedness, and without such considerable doubt would be cast upon the hypothesis.

Both making perceptual judgments about your own body and successfully moving your body through the world depend on a mental representation of the body. However, there are indications that moving might be challenging when your body is changing. For instance, the pubertal growth spurt has been reported to be negatively correlated to motor competence. A possible explanation for this clumsiness would be that when the body is growing fast, updating the body representation may lag behind, resulting in a mismatch between internal body representation and actual body size. The current study investigated this hypothesis by testing participants ranging from aged 6 to 50 years on both a tactile body image task and a motor body schema task. Separate groups of participants, including those in the age range when pubertal growth spurt occurs, were asked to estimate the distance between two simultaneously applied tactile stimuli on the arm and to move their hand through apertures of different widths. Tactile distance estimations were equal between participants before, during, and after the age range where the pubertal growth spurt is expected. Similarly, Bayesian evaluation of informative hypotheses showed that participants in the age range of the growth spurt did not move through the apertures as if their representation of the hand was smaller than its physical size. These results suggest that body representations do not lag behind in updating for the pubertal growth spurt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Unilateral weakness of an upper extremity is most frequently caused by traumatic nerve injury or compression neuropathy. In rare cases, lesion of the central nervous system may result in syndromes suggesting peripheral nerve damage by the initial examination. Pseudoperipheral hand palsy is the best known of these, most frequently caused by a small lesion in the contralateral motor cortex of the brain. The 'hand knob' area refers to a circumscribed region in the precentral gyrus of the posterior frontal lobe, the lesion of which leads to isolated weakness of the upper extremity mimicking peripheral nerve damage. The etiology of this rare syndrome is almost exclusively related to an embolic infarction.Case Presentation: We present the case of a 70-year-old male patient with isolated left sided upper extremity weakness and clumsiness without sensory disturbance suggesting a lesion of the radial nerve. Nerve conduction studies had normal results excluding peripheral nerve damage. Neuroimaging (cranial CT and MRI) detected 3 space occupying lesions, one of them in the right precentral gyrus. An irregularly shaped tumor was found by CT in the left lung with multiple associated lymph node conglomerates. The metastasis from this mucinous tubular adenocarcinoma with solid anaplastic parts to the 'hand knob' area was responsible for the first clinical sign related to the pulmonary malignancy.Conclusions: Pseudoperipheral palsy of the upper extremity is not necessarily the consequence of an embolic stroke. If nerve conduction studies have normal results, neuroimaging - preferably MRI - should be performed, as lesion in the hand-knob area of the precentral gyrus can also be caused by a malignancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Canada, social scientists are accountable to ethical guidelines, including the minimization of harm. Simultaneously, they are accountable to an academic community. But what of those moments in the researcher-participant relationship when these principles clash? They have at times done so resoundingly in our careers as qualitative interviewers, especially when we sought to ensure that information we implicitly understood and perceived as crucial would be duly stated by participants for the research record. Such attempts gave rise to deeply awkward interactions rife with emotions that even risked the premature termination of the interviews. In this article, we use methods from a feminist paradigm, and specifically standpoint and discursive positioning theory, to reflexively analyze the ethics in practice surrounding two of our own cases of awkward moments. Our analysis illustrates how the emotions of awkward moments can be symptomatic of everyday ethical conundrums. We particularly consider whether and how our engagement in reflexivity from these two vantage points can mitigate any real or imagined harm. We indicate how the understanding we develop from our analysis can lead to proactive recommendations for researchers to engage with their emotions and conduct themselves more ethically, both in the field and in analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Motor planning is important for daily functioning. Deficits in motor planning can result in slow, inefficient, and clumsy motor behavior and are linked to disruptions in performance of activities of daily living in children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, the evidence in CP is primarily based on cross-sectional data. Method: Data are presented on the development of motor planning in children with CP using a longitudinal design with three measurement occasions, each separated by 1 year. Twenty-two children with CP (9 boys, 13 girls; age in years;months, M = 7;1, SD = 1;2) and 22 age-matched controls (10 boys, 12 girls, M  = 7;1, SD = 1;3) participated. Children performed a bar transport task in which some conditions (“critical angles”) required participants to sacrifice initial posture comfort in order to achieve end-state comfort. Performance on critical trials was analyzed using linear growth curve modeling. Results: In general, children with CP showed poor end-state planning for critical angles. Importantly, unlike in controls, motor planning ability did not improve across the three measurement occasions in children with CP. Conclusion: These longitudinal results show that motor planning issues in CP do not resolve with development over childhood. Strategies to enhance motor planning are suggested for intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: Development of an easy to use tool for the assessment of Developmental Coordination Disorder that is applicable to Indian children. METHODS: The steps for instrument development were followed stringently. In order to ensure the robustness of the tool, psychometric properties were determined with 127 children attending various schools. The Winsteps program was used to analyze data for a Rasch model analysis. RESULTS: The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy (KMO) analysis showed an acceptable limit. The real item separation reliability of 4.84 demonstrates that the items of this tool create a well-defined variable. CONCLUSION: This study met the objectives that it attempted to. The final tool consists of two versions- the Assessment Battery for Children with coordination Disorder-Short Version (ABCD-SV) consisting of 12 items, and the ABCD-FV consisting of 20 items. ABCD fulfills criterion A and B of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) criteria for Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As water-sector professionals re-discover the value in the 'waste' conveyed in 'waste'water, this Viewpoint argues that the theory of plural rationality (also known as Cultural Theory) may accelerate the switch from waste management to resource recovery. Accordingly, it extends the framing of plural rationality, from its traditional applications in matters of governance and social and economic analysis, to the beginnings of a set of plural schools of engineering thought. This sounds controversial. Indeed, we hope it is. For all too often ways to resolve water issues end up in the impasse of two deeply entrenched positions: the 'technocratic reductionism' of the 'quick engineering fix' to problem solving; and the 'participatory holism' of the 'local, socially sensitive, integrationist' approach. Plural rationality sees this is an impoverished duopoly. Our very strong preference is to find ways of promoting the creative interplay among plural (more than two), mutually opposed, contending ways of framing a problem and resolving it. This, we argue, should not only expand the portfolio of possible alternatives for technology-policy interventions, but also lead to the chosen alternative being preferable -- in social, economic, and environmental terms -- to what might otherwise have happened. Such solutions are called 'clumsy' in plural rationality theory. We use a synopsis of a case history of restoring water quality in the River Rhine in Europe, within a wider account of the sweep of resource recovery spanning two centuries (late 18th Century through early 21st Century), to illustrate how clumsiness works. This, however, does not extend to our elaborating our proposed set of plural schools of engineering thought beyond just its very beginnings. Our Viewpoint allows us merely to start framing the challenge of developing, and eventually applying, such a notion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the way Vermes’s bestseller and its cinematic adaptation, Look Who’s Back, are structured in analogy to Lacan’s notion of the fundamental fantasy, i. e., the framework within which subjects organize their desire in relation to the Other or to the Other’s desire. Employing mainly Adam Kotsko’s terms of awkwardness and sociopathy, I argue that the characters in the novel and the film and the implied and actual audiences constitute Hitler, the narrator and protagonist, as a fantasmatic awkward-sociopath big Other. Hitler is portrayed both as a ludicrous representation of an unsettling and awkward social order, that cannot implement clear and definite norms, and as a cynical sociopath who is incapable not only of overcoming this order but also of fixing it by making it ‘whole’ and consistent again. Discussing major differences between the novel and the film, I examine the ways audiences may fall and avoid falling into the trap of the novel’s and the film’s fantasy. This interpretation contributes simultaneously to the assessment of Hitler’s specific portrayal in Look Who’s Back and the critical exploration of his emblematic representation in our contemporary culture as well as its reasons and effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People in modern metropolitan societies are often presented with only limited opportunities for experiencing nature in the wild, so that there is an increasing tendency for them to feel nature aversion, that is, an uncomfortable awkwardness when in a truly natural environment. Our purpose in this study was to investigate nature aversion. In an international comparative study, we compared the nature aversion of people in South Korea and Germany, with results revealing that the degree of aversion toward a natural environment is higher in a society where nature experiences are more limited and there is a low frequency of encounters. In this situation there is a risk that the perception of discomfort in a natural environment may develop further into nature experience phobia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]