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THE CREATION OF THE MATRIMONIAL LINK IN RAOUL DE CAMBRAI. THE CASE OF BERNIER AND BEATRICE Within the framework offered to us by Professor Craig Baker during his seminar of French medieval texts, this article attempts to tackle and confront the song of Raoul de Cambrai with the theme of marriage by focusing on the question of its formation, from the time of the events supposed to be related by the song (end of the Frankish period, towards IXe century) to the period of its composition (the middle of feudal times, around the twelfth century). This study, which includes an introduction (I) and a conclusion (III), therefore focuses on the analysis of what specialists call «the formation» of the matrimony link (II). More specifically, after studying the developments proposed in the text of the song on the construction of this link between Bernier and Beatrice (A), the article strives to understand how it developed between the ninth and the end. of the twelfth century (B) in order to be able to appreciate the specificity of the work in its time and to establish the extent to which it could influence the presentation made by the narrative of the previous events (C). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term « dystopia » first appeared during the 19th century, and has been used since then in various contexts with different meanings. Just like the concept of « utopia », from which it originated, the dystopian genre has been the subject of numerous scientifical definitions, often complementary, sometimes contradictory, mixing terms as diverse as « anti-utopia », « counter-utopia », « atopia », « uchronia» and « paratopia ». If the present article proposes to point out the lack of clarity of the notion (1), it will show subsequently the need to come back to the utopian genre (2), in an effort to clarify the relationships with its derivatives (3) and propose a new, consistent definition (4). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]