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We develop a qualitative homogenisation and spectral theory for elliptic systems of partial differential equations in divergence form with highly contrasting (i.e., non uniformly elliptic) random coefficients. The focus of the paper is on the behaviour of the spectrum as the heterogeneity parameter tends to zero; in particular, we show that in general one doesn't have Hausdorff convergence of spectra. The theoretical analysis is complemented by several explicit examples, showcasing the wider range of applications and physical effects of systems with random coefficients, when compared with systems with periodic coefficients or with scalar operators (both random and periodic)., Comment: 41 pages

We develop a framework for multiscale analysis of elliptic operators with high-contrast random coefficients. For a general class of such operators, we provide a detailed spectral analysis of the corresponding homogenised limit operator. Under some lenient assumptions on the configuration of the random inclusions, we fully characterise the limit of the spectra of the high-contrast operators in question, which unlike in the periodic setting is shown to be different to the spectrum of the homogenised operator. Introducing a new notion of the relevant limiting spectrum, we describe the connection between these two sets., Comment: 77 pages, no figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1203.1140 by other authors

We study the properties of eigenvalues and corresponding eigenfunctions generated by a defect in the gaps of the spectrum of a high-contrast random operator. We consider a family of elliptic operators $\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon$ in divergence form whose coefficients are random, possess double porosity type scaling, and are perturbed on a fixed-size compact domain (a defect). Working in the gaps of the limiting spectrum of the unperturbed operator $\hat{\mathcal{A}}^\varepsilon$, we show that the point spectrum of $\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon$ converges in the sense of Hausdorff to the point spectrum of the limiting two-scale operator $\mathcal{A}^\mathrm{hom}$ as $\varepsilon \to 0$. Furthermore, we prove that the eigenfunctions of $\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon$ decay exponentially at infinity uniformly for sufficiently small $\varepsilon$. This, in turn, yields strong stochastic two-scale convergence of such eigenfunctions to eigenfunctions of $\mathcal{A}^\mathrm{hom}$., Comment: Published version

Using a suitable stochastic version of the compactness argument of [V. V. Zhikov, 2000. On an extension of the method of two-scale convergence and its applications. Sb. Math., 191(7--8), 973--1014], we develop a probabilistic framework for the analysis of heterogeneous media with high contrast. We show that an appropriately defined multiscale limit of the field in the original medium satisfies a system of equations corresponding to the coupled "macroscopic" and "microscopic" components of the field, giving rise to an analogue of the "Zhikov function", which represents the effective dispersion of the medium. We demonstrate that, under some lenient conditions within the new framework, the spectra of the original problems converge to the spectrum of their homogenisation limit., Comment: 24 pages

Following a number of recent studies of resolvent and spectral convergence of non-uniformly elliptic families of differential operators describing the behaviour of periodic composite media with high contrast, we study the corresponding one-dimensional version that includes a "defect": an inclusion of fixed size with a given set of material parameters. It is known that the spectrum of the purely periodic case without the defect and its limit, as the period $\varepsilon$ goes to zero, has a band-gap structure. We consider a sequence of eigenvalues $\lambda_\varepsilon$ that are induced by the defect and converge to a point $\l_0$ located in a gap of the limit spectrum for the periodic case. We show that the corresponding eigenfunctions are "extremely" localised to the defect, in the sense that the localisation exponent behaves as $\exp(-\nu/\varepsilon),$ $\nu>0,$ which has not been observed in the existing literature. As a consequence, we argue that $\l_0$ is an eigenvalue of a certain limit operator defined on the defect only. In two- and three-dimensional configurations, whose one-dimensional cross-sections are described by the setting considered, this implies the existence of propagating waves that are localised to the defect. We also show that the unperturbed operators are norm-resolvent close to a degenerate operator on the real axis, which is described explicitly.

We show that nonlinearly elastic plates of thickness $h\to 0$ with an $\varepsilon$-periodic structure such that $\varepsilon^{-2}h\to 0$ exhibit non-standard behaviour in the asymptotic two-dimensional reduction from three-dimensional elasticity: in general, their effective stored-energy density is "discontinuously anisotropic" in all directions. The proof relies on a new result concerning an additional isometric constraint that deformation fields must satisfy on the microscale., Comment: 35 pages

We study the homogenisation of geometrically nonlinear elastic composites with high contrast. The composites we analyse consist of a perforated matrix material, which we call the "stiff" material, and a "soft" material that fills the pores. We assume that the pores are of size $0<\varepsilon\ll 1$ and are periodically distributed with period $\varepsilon$. We also assume that the stiffness of the soft material degenerates with rate $\varepsilon^{2\gamma},$ $\gamma>0$, so that the contrast between the two materials becomes infinite as $\varepsilon\to 0$. We study the homogenisation limit $\varepsilon\to 0$ in a low energy regime, where the displacement of the stiff component is infinitesimally small. We derive an effective two-scale model, which, depending on the scaling of the energy, is either a quadratic functional or a partially quadratic functional that still allows for large strains in the soft inclusions. In the latter case, averaging out the small scale-term justifies a single-scale model for high-contrast materials, which features a non-linear and non-monotone effect describing a coupling between microscopic and the effective macroscopic displacements., Comment: 31 pages