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Taking a 30 ton of LF as an investigated object, a gray-box model to predict the end-point temperature of molten steel in LF based on the mechanism model and the black-box model was established. The heat transfer mechanism model was firstly estab-lished according to the energy conservation law. In addition, the black-box model based on partial least squares was adopted to solve the problem that the regeneration of the ladle lining and thermal effects of the alloys are difficult to accurately calculate. Finally, the two models were combined to predict the end-point temperature of molten steel in LF. Simulation results show that the hit rate within the error range of ±5℃ by partial least squares for the regeneration of ladle lining refractory and thermal effects of the alloys reaches more than 97%, and the total hit rate within the error ranges of ±5, ±8 and ±10℃ by gray-box model reaches 88%, 96% and 99%, respectively. This means the grey-box model can accurately predict the end-point temperature of LF, which provides the guid-ance for the LF refining process in this factory.

With the advancement of medical technology, artificial airway has been widely used in modern medicine in our country, especially in the treatment and rescue of critically ill patients. However, the establishment of an artificial airway will also affect the original anatomical structure and normal function of the airway, which will cause a series of complications and pose a serious threat to the prognosis of patients. Therefore, effective airway maintenance can not only prevent the occurrence of complications, reduce the physical and mental trauma to the patient, but also optimize the treatment effect. At this stage, domestic and foreign airway maintenance strategies have shown varying degrees of new cognition. This article reviews the latest research status of airway maintenance strateges at home and abroad, hoping to provide clinicians with a reference for the latest cognition in airway maintenance strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinical studies consistently demonstrate that a single sub-psychomimetic dose of ketamine, an ionotropic glutamatergic NMDAR (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor) antagonist, produces fast-acting antidepressant responses in patients suffering from major depressive disorder, although the underlying mechanism is unclear (1-3). Depressed patients report the alleviation of major depressive disorder symptoms within two hours of a single, low-dose intravenous infusion of ketamine, with effects lasting up to two weeks (1-3), unlike traditional antidepressants (serotonin re-uptake inhibitors), which take weeks to reach efficacy. This delay is a major drawback to current therapies for major depressive disorder and faster-acting antidepressants are needed, particularly for suicide-risk patients (3). The ability of ketamine to produce rapidly acting, long-lasting antidepressant responses in depressed patients provides a unique opportunity to investigate underlying cellular mechanisms. Here we show that ketamine and other NMDAR antagonists produce fast-acting behavioural antidepressant-like effects in mouse models, and that these effects depend on the rapid synthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. We find that the ketamine-mediated blockade of NMDAR at rest deactivates eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) kinase (also called CaMKIII), resulting in reduced eEF2 phosphorylation and de-suppression of translation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Furthermore, we find that inhibitors of eEF2 kinase induce fast-acting behavioural antidepressant-like effects. Our findings indicate that the regulation of protein synthesis by spontaneous neurotransmission may serve as a viable therapeutic target for the development of fast-acting antidepressants., We examined the acute effect of ketamine in wild-type C57BL/6 mice and detected notable behavioural responses in antidepressant-predictive tasks, including the forced swim test (FST), novelty-suppressed feeding (NSF) and learned [...]

CO2 displacement is an important technology to reduce emissions and improve crude oil recovery, as well as prevent CO2 escape. Effective storage is key to the successful implementation of this technology, especially for medium and high permeability reservoirs. The current flow control systems that are applied to seal gas escape are mainly gas/water alternation, CO2 foam, and CO2 foam gel, but there is no clear understanding of the plugging limits of various flow control systems and the mechanism of their combined use of residual oil. Therefore, in this paper, a series of core replacement experiments are conducted for different flow control systems and their combinations. The quantitative characterization of the core pore size distribution before and after the replacement is carried out using the NMR technique to try and determine the plugging limits of different plugging systems, and to investigate the residual oil utilization patterns of self-designed flow control system combinations and common flow control system combinations under two reservoir conditions with and without large pores. The results show that the plugging limits of water/gas alternation, CO2 foam, and CO2 foam gel systems are 0.86–21.35 μm, 0.07–28.23 μm, and 7–100 μm, respectively, as inferred from the T2 (lateral relaxation time) distribution and pore size distribution. When different combinations of flow control systems are used for repelling, for reservoirs without large pore channels, the combination of flow control systems using higher strength CO2 foam first can effectively improve the degree of crude oil mobilization in small pore throats, compared to using gas/water alternation directly. For reservoirs containing large pore channels, using high-strength CO2 foam gel first to seal the large pore channels increases the degree of utilization of the large pore channels; using water/gas alternation first causes damage to the middle pore channels; High-strength CO2 foam gel seals the large pore channels when the plugging strength is not enough; and using water/gas alternation can effectively improve the degree of utilization of small and medium pore channels. The results of this paper can provide theoretical guidance for the multi-stage flow control of CO2 displacement in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fucoxanthin is a specific marine carotenoid with extensive bioactivities. Diatom is considered a potential industrial resource due to its rich fucoxanthin. The focus of commercialization is to establish high-yield strains and related extraction and culture accumulation conditions, but there is still lack of intensive understandings. This study selected the strain of Chaetoceros muelleri from 16 strains of marine diatom culture stock by comparing fucoxanthin content (ranged from 0.03 mg/g to 5.02 mg/g) and extraction efficiency (ranged from 1% to 89.78%). The experiment showed that, first, fucoxanthin changed strongly under different light intensities [low: 50 µmol/(m²⋅s); medium: 100 µmol/ (m²⋅s); high: 200 µmol/(m²⋅s)], the highest content was obtained under low light intensity. Second, fucoxanthin content was higher in red light than in the blue light. Third, the change of fucoxanthin content is closely related with chlorophyll a and β-carotene. Under monochromatic light condition, the content of these photosynthetic pigments increased at late growth stage. These results indicated that strain and light selection can greatly increase the yield of fucoxanthin in the diatom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]