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Abstract We aimed to investigate the correlation between lymphocyte subpopulations expressing inhibitor receptors, IL-6 levels, and the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Blood samples were prospectively collected before and after immunotherapy from patients with intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who were treated with immunotherapy at the Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital from August 2022 to October 2023. According to the efficacy of the patients, patients were divided into effective and ineffective groups, with 40 in the effective group and 44 in the ineffective group. We compared changes in lymphocyte subsets and IL-6 levels between the two groups. Optimal cut-off value was determined using ROC curves. Then, patients were categorized into high and low groups based on cut-off value, and the disease control rates and progression free survival were compared. Before immunotherapy, there were no significant differences in the baseline levels of lymphocyte subsets (PD1 + TIM3 + T/T, TIGIT + T/T, TIM3 + T/T, CTLA4 + T/T, LAG3 + T/T, PD1 + T/T) and IL-6 between the two groups (P > 0.05). After immunotherapy, the levels of PD1 + TIM3 + T/T, TIGIT + T/T, and IL-6 in the effective group were lower than those in the ineffective group and these differences were statistically significant (P = 0.001, P = 0.008, P = 0.000). However, the levels of other lymphocyte subsets showed no significant difference. Using the ROC curve to assess efficacy prediction, PD1 + TIM3 + T/T, TIGIT + T/T and IL-6 demonstrated high predictive ability (AUC = 0.79, AUC = 0.81, AUC = 0.78). The predictive value of efficacy was further improved when all three factors were combined (AUC = 0.92, P = 0.000). Based on the ROC curve, we identified optimal cut-off value for three factors. Notably, patients with values below the optimal cut-off value had higher disease control rate and progression free survival. The levels of PD1 + TIM3 + T/T, TIGIT + T/T, and IL-6 after 2 cycles of immunotherapy may serve as predictors of treatment efficacy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

At present, the information carrier network used in coal mine is mainly 100 Megabit, Gigabit and 10 Gigabit mining Ethernet ring network. The time delay and reliability of the network are uncontrollable. Therefore, it is difficult to meet the needs of few people or unmanned operation in underground coal mine and remote control on the ground. Quality of service (QoS) can guarantee the real-time performance and reliability of the highest priority application. However, the real-time performance and reliability of the highest priority application can not be guaranteed when multiple interface signals are imported at the same time and the data volume is large, or when the previous data packet is being sent. In order to solve the above problems, the technical requirements of coal mine intelligent information comprehensive carrier network are proposed. The requirements include wide transmission bandwidth, short transmission delay, high reliability, long transmission distance, strong anti-interference capability, intrinsically safe explosion-proof, strong adaptability to grid voltage fluctuation, strong anti-fault capability, good protection performance, multi-service comprehensive carrying, etc. Based on the above requirements, a coal mine intelligent information comprehensive bearing network based on flexible Ethernet (FlexE) is proposed. This network allocates different channels according to the requirements of different services on bandwidth, time delay and reliability. The businesses include time sensitive and time insensitive video, time sensitive and time insensitive audio, personnel positioning, vehicle positioning, equipment positioning, safety monitoring, power supply monitoring, transportation monitoring, drainage monitoring, coal working face monitoring and heading face monitoring. The network integrates coal mine monitoring, positioning, video and audio into one network. The coal mine intelligent information comprehensive carrier network based on FlexE not only meets the requirements of different services such as ground remote control, personnel positioning and safety monitoring for bandwidth, delay and reliability, but also realizes the coal mine intelligent information comprehensive carrier network, reducing the maintenance difficulty and workload.

The intensive study of electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has resulted in numerous highly selective catalysts, however, most of these still exhibit uncontrollable selectivity. Here, it is reported for the first time the controllable CH4/C2H4 selectivity by modulating the electronic states of Cu incorporated in metal‐organic frameworks with different functional ligands, achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 58% for CH4 on Cu‐incorporated UiO‐66‐H (Ce) composite catalysts, Cu/UiO‐66‐H (Ce) and that of 44% for C2H4 on Cu/UiO‐66‐F (Ce). In situ measurements of Raman and X‐ray absorption spectra revealed that the electron‐withdrawing ability of the ligand side group controls the product selectivity on MOFs through the modulation of the electronic states of Cu. This work opens new prospects for the development of MOFs as a platform for the tailored tuning of selectivity in CO2RR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]