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Heatproof low-loss grain-oriented silicon steel is an ideal material for the manufacture of ultra-high energy efficiency (UHEE) transformer with three-dimensional wound-core. The microstructure and grain orientation characteristics of 0.20 mm heatproof laser-scribed grain-oriented (LSGO) silicon steel and mechanically notched grain-oriented (MNGO) silicon steel were studied by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques. The magnetic properties of two heatproof GO steels after stress relief annealing under sinusoidal and complex conditions were investigated by using an arbitrary waveform magnetic field excitation measurement system. Based on MagNet finite element software, the modeling of 10 kV/400 kVA UHEE transformer core and winding was carried out. Results show that, the mechanism of domain refinement of heatproof MNGO and MNGO steel is completely different. The former depends on the formation of parallel grooves filled by metal oxides on the surface of the original large size Goss grains, and the latter forms randomly oriented grains with a diameter of 40-50 μm in equidistant distribution on the surface of the matrix. The large angle grain boundary and sub-grain boundary can refine the domain and reduce the core loss. During annealing at 850 ℃ for 0-8 h, the core losses of two heatproof GO steel samples decrease first, then increase slightly or tend to be stable, and the loss changes under harmonic and DC-bias conditions are basically the same. The optimization of iron core section, magnetic field and loss simulation are completed. Finally, a 10 kV/400 kVA UHEE transformer with three-dimensional wound-core is successfully developed based on domestic heatproof LSGO steel. Its no-load loss and load loss are further reduced by 17.3% and 7.9% compared with the limit value of energy efficiency level 1 presented in the national standard of GB 20052—2020.

A new type of corrosion-resistant steel (B-NS) for ship hull was developed by adding alloying elements Cu, Cr and Ni according to the corrosion characteristics of marine environment. The corrosion resistance of B-NS was investigated by electrochemical test, full immersion test and dry-wet cyclic test, and the cross-sectional morphology and composition of the rust layer were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results show that the addition of alloying elements effectively reduces the saturated current density and corrosion rate of B-NS steel under full immersion and dry-wet cyclic test. The alloying elements promote the formation of a more stable and dense protective rust layer under dry-wet cyclic test. The alloying elements give B-NS ship plate steel excellent corrosion resistance mainly in improving the thermodynamic stability of B-NS ship plate steel, promoting the formation of rust layer to prevent aggressive media from corroding the substrate, and giving the rust layer cation-selective permeability to prevent Cl- from penetrating into the rust layer.

This study used Weibo microblog records to analyze and compare the changes in the well-being and mobility of people in China in 2020 (when the COVID-19 outbreak was announced) and 2021 (when the vaccine was announced). Python software's crawling program was used to randomly select 477 users (45.28% of whom were male) and their 16, 645 records from January 2020 to April 2021. The word frequency in each microblog text was conceptually defined as a variable, such as self-reference, emotion, and mobility words. Analysis of Weibo user behavior over a year in 2020 and 4 months in 2021 revealed that self-representation (when talking about 'I') had a lower positive affect and higher negative affect at later times than at earlier times. When users discussed 'we, ' their group identity displayed lower positive affect and more motion behaviors (e.g., shopping and walking outside). However, in 2021, their group identity had a higher positive affect and more motion behaviors, and their self-representation had a lower positive affect and fewer motion behaviors. The implications, limitations, and potential future research are discussed. KEYWORDS: COVID-19, self-representation, group identity, well-being, mobility, word frequency, During the COVID-19 pandemic in late 2019, people opted to spend less time in public and avoid unnecessary face-to-face communication (Lesser & Nienhuis, 2020). People devoted more of their time [...]

In China, people are more concerned now than in the past about adolescents' excessive use of smartphones. This study conceptually distinguished two types of loneliness (i.e., social and non-social loneliness) and explored their different effects on adolescents' problematic smartphone use. The mediation mechanism of smartphone usage motivations (i.e., interpersonal connectedness and habitual escape) and underlying grade difference within these effects were also examined. Data were collected from 487 students in Beijing's secondary schools. A two-wave design with a time lag of 6 months was used. Results indicated that both social and non-social loneliness (Time 1) positively predicted problematic smartphone use (Time 2, 6 months after Time 1), and the habitual escape motivation (Time 2) played a significant mediation role in these two effects. Further, the grade showed a marginal moderation role in the relation between non-social loneliness and habitual escape motivation. Specifically, this relationship was marginally higher in senior high school students than junior students. Implications, limitations, and future directions were discussed., Author(s): Yunxiang Chen [sup.1] [sup.2] , Ruoxuan Li [sup.1] [sup.2] , Xiangping Liu [sup.1] [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.20513.35, 0000 0004 1789 9964, Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, [...]

Based on the framework of the self-determination theory, the present study of Chinese college students was designed to investigate the relationships between relatedness frustration and compensatory behaviors on social networking sites (SNSs), as well as the mediating role of SNS self-control failure. Chinese college students (N = 461, 159 males; M.sub.age = 18.62 ± .77) were recruited to complete online questionnaires measuring relatedness frustration, SNS self-control failure, and three types of SNS behaviors (immediate response to SNS signals, self-disclosure on SNSs, and SNS addiction symptoms). Path analyses indicated that relatedness frustration was directly associated with participants' immediate response to SNS signals and SNS addiction symptoms. SNS self-control failure functioned as a mediator in the links between relatedness frustration and SNS addiction symptoms. This study provided empirical evidence of the relationship between relatedness frustration and SNS compensatory behaviors. Furthermore, the finding on the intervening role of SNS self-control failure offers some insights for designing intervention programs aimed to reduce maladaptive and addictive SNS activities., Author(s): Yunxiang Chen [sup.1] [sup.2] , Ruoxuan Li [sup.1] [sup.2] , Xiangping Liu [sup.1] [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.20513.35, 0000 0004 1789 9964, Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, [...]

This study explored differences (positive or negative) in self-other representations among Chinese social networking (Weibo) users with high or low popularity. Through the crawling program of Python software, 413 Weibo users (180 male, 43.58%) with their 5,823 microblog updates were selected as participants. The variables in this study (i.e., self-representation, other representation, relational self, and positive and negative representations) used the word frequency of the corresponding words in the microblog text as an indicator. Results indicated that for highpopularity users and low-popularity users, their expressions of self-representation and relational self were both associated with the expressions of positive emotions in general. Specifically, the association between self-representation and positive emotions was higher among low-popularity users than high-popularity users, whereas the association between relational self and positive emotions was higher in high-popularity users than low-popularity users. Practical implications and future directions of this study's findings are discussed. KEYWORDS: self-representation, other representation, relational self, positive and negative emotions, word frequency, On social networking sites (SNSs), popular users (e.g., well-known celebrities) occupy a large number of public resources and have a huge impact on social networks (Woodruff, Santarossa, & Lacasse, 2018). [...]

Through cluster analysis, this study seeks to identify various clusters that differ in the level of self-focused and other-focused caring (e.g., autonomy and pro-sociality) and to contrast the happiness and life satisfaction among them. This approach is based on the notion that unifying autonomy and pro-sociality is more advantageous than separating them for well-being, which follows the theories and empirical studies. The World Value Survey dataset (N = 76897; Mage = 43.02, SD = 16.37) is used, which uses random probability representative adult samples from 51 countries or territories. Results suggest that autonomy and pro-sociality both have distinct implications for happiness and life satisfaction. Four distinct clusters are identified: autonomous (high self-focused and low other-focused), prosocial (low self-focused and high other-focused), flourished (high self-focused and high other-focused), and indifferent (low self-focused and low other-focused). In terms of indicators of well-being, the flourished group has the highest levels of happiness and life satisfaction, followed by the autonomous group, the prosocial group, and the indifferent group. It appears that individuals who exhibit both high self-focused and high other-focused caring attain the greatest well-being. The implications, limitations, and potential directions for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to improve understanding of the relationship between teacher engagement and self-efficacy by investigating the potential mediating role of participation in continuing professional development (CPD) and the moderating role of years of teaching experience. The study was cross-designed with self-reported measurements from 615 Chinese teachers (M.sub.age = 38.56, SD = 8.35). Results show that teachers' work engagement positively predicted self-efficacy, and participation in CPD mediated this relation; furthermore, the mediating effect of CPD was moderated by number of work years. The indirect effect of participation in CPD was stronger for young teachers than for experienced teachers. Moreover, for young teachers, the degree of participating in updating, reflective, and collaborative activities was related to the increase of self-efficacy; however, participation in reflective and collaborative activities benefited only experienced teachers. Findings lend support to encouraging involvement in CPD activities in order to promote teacher self-efficacy; furthermore, results emphasize the benefit of young teachers' engagement in CPD., Author(s): Ruoxuan Li [sup.1], Hongrui Liu [sup.1], Yunxiang Chen [sup.1], Meilin Yao [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.20513.35, 0000 0004 1789 9964, Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of [...]

Recently in China, the popularity of the social networking site, WeChat, has increased rapidly. The current study aims to develop a WeChat Engagement Style Measure (WESM) to distinguish among different WeChat use styles. Based on the framework of the two-process model of psychological needs, this study explores relatedness need frustration (RNF) as a predictor and relatedness need satisfaction (RNS) as an outcome of WeChat use. Individual differences in the Big Five personality traits are examined in relation to the two processes. Data were collected from 494 Chinese college students. The results revealed that the 11-item WESM featured three factors: involvement, active engagement, and passive engagement. In the need-as-motive process, RNF only predicted passive WeChat engagement, which was moderated by openness and neuroticism. This effect was stronger for participants with high openness and low neuroticism. In the need-as-requirement process, WeChat involvement and active engagement predicted RNS, and extraversion moderated between active engagement and RNS. This effect was restricted to those with high extraversion. The current study provides a deeper understanding of the two processes of relatedness need and individual personality differences in the context of WeChat usage., Author(s): Yunxiang Chen [sup.1] [sup.2] , Ruoxuan Li [sup.1] [sup.2] , Peng Zhang [sup.3] , Xiangping Liu [sup.1] [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.20513.35, 0000 0004 1789 9964, Beijing Key Laboratory [...]

In the current study, variable- and person-centered approaches were simultaneously adopted to investigate the relations among perceived parental autonomy support and psychological control, the Dark Triad traits, and subjective well-being (SWB) among Chinese adolescents (N = 1,533). Results showed that autonomy support from parents primarily contributed to narcissism, whereas psychological control predicted all the Dark Triad traits, which in turn had reversed effects on adolescents' SWB. In particular, narcissism had more prominent effects on SWB and important mediating effects in the relation between parent autonomy support and psychological control and SWB. Four distinct Dark Triad traits groups were identified, and the characteristics of these groups suggested that Machiavellianism was more strongly related to psychopathy relative to narcissism; moreover, the four groups demonstrated different links with parental autonomy support and psychological control and SWB, further supporting the results noted above. Implications for theory and practice are included.

Food chemical and microbiological contamination are major global food safety issues. This study investigated the combined effects of the food‐borne pathogen Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and the pollutant benzo(a)pyrene (Bap) on atrophic gastritis and gut microbiota in Mongolian gerbils. The results demonstrated that simultaneous administration of H. pylori and Bap caused more severe weight loss, DNA damage, and gastritis in Mongolian gerbils compared with those exposed to H. pylori or Bap alone. The combination also significantly increased the serum level of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL‐1β (p < .05), IL‐6 (p < .0001), and TNF‐α (p < .05). Additionally, the H. pylori and Bap combination altered the composition of gut microbiota in Mongolian gerbils: the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Ligilactobacillus at the genus level (p < .05) was significantly reduced while the relative abundance of Allobaculum and Erysipelotrichaceae enhanced (p < .0001, p < .05). Our study revealed that the synergy of H. pylori and Bap can boost the development of atrophic gastritis and lead to gut microbiota dysbiosis in Mongolian gerbils, which provides essential implications for preventing contaminated foods to sustain life and promote well‐being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) is a promising cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries owing to its reversible solid–solid conversion for high-energy-density batteries. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics of SPAN cathodes significantly limit their output capacity, especially at high cycling rates. Herein, a CNT-interpenetrating hierarchically porous SPAN electrode is developed by a simple phase-separation method. Flexible self-supporting SPAN cathodes with fast electron/ion pathways are synthesized without additional binders, and exceptional high-rate cycling performances are obtained even with substantial sulfur loading. For batteries assembled with this special cathode, an impressive initial discharge capacity of 1090 mAh g−1 and a retained capacity of 800 mAh g−1 are obtained after 1000 cycles at 1 C with a sulfur loading of 1.5 mg cm−2. Furthermore, by incorporating V2O5 anchored carbon fiber as an interlayer with adsorption and catalysis function, a high initial capacity of 614.8 mAh g−1 and a notable sustained capacity of 500 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 5 C are achieved, with an ultralow decay rate of 0.037% per cycle with a sulfur loading of 1.5 mg cm−2. The feasible construction of flexible SPAN electrodes with enhanced cycling performance enlists the current processing as a promising strategy for novel high-rate lithium-sulfur batteries and other emerging battery electrodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]