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Diderma fragile Aramb., Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 15(2–3):175, 1973 (Fig. 3) Sporangia grouped or dispersed, stalked, erect, 1.0– 1.5 mm in total height. Sporotheca subglobose, light yellow, 0.7–1.0 mm in diameter. Hypothallus membranous, reddish brown. Peridium double, the outer layer calcareous, eggshell-like, fragile, yellowish white, concolorous in the inner side but turning yellowish brown at the base of sporotheca, the inner layer membranous, colorless, inner layer is closely connected with the outer layer, dehiscence irregular, base constant persistence. Stalk slender cylindrical, erect, dark reddish brown, longitudinally grooved. Columella subglobose, 0.4– 0.5 mm in diameter, occupies almost 2/3 of the sporotheca, yellow, rough. Capillitium radiating from the columella, loose connection, threads 1.0–2.5 μm, scarcely branched, with irregular surface due to protuberances. Spores blackish in mass, reddish brown by transmitted light, globose, densely warted, 12.5–16.0 µm in diameter. Specimen examined:— CHINA. Anhui Province: Yuexi County, Yaoluoping Nature Reserve, 31°98′41″N, 116°10′08″E, elevation 1204 m, on dead bark, 22 Oct 2021, collected by Que Du and Wenlong Song (HFNNU 8542). Distribution:— Argentina (Arambarri 1973), Spain (Moreno et al. 1990), Peru (Treviño-Zevallos & Rodriguez 2020), and China (this study). Comments:— Diderma is a large genus of the family Didymiaceae in the order Physarales, with about 80 species reported and accepted (Lado 2005 –2022), of which 26 species are known in China (Chen et al. 2009, 2013). D. fragile is reported in China for the first time. There are few reports in the world of this species, only in Argentina, Spain and Peru. Our specimen was collected at 1204 m above sea level, but in Peru was collected at an altitude of 2851 m (Treviño-Zevallos & Rodriguez 2020). Chinese specimens correspond to the original description (Arambarri 1973) apart from a slightly longer stalk., Published as part of Song, Wen-Long, Lin, Di, Li, Min, Du, Que & Chen, Shuang-Lin, 2022, Four new records of myxomycetes from China, pp. 181-188 in Phytotaxa 567 (2) on pages 184-186, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.567.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7141750, {"references":["Arambarri, A. M. (1973) Myxomycetes of Tierra del Fuego. I. New or critical species of the genus Diderma (Didymiaceae). Boletin 15: 175 - 182.","Moreno, G., Illana, C. & Heykoop, M. (1990) Contribution to the study of the Myxomycetes of Spain II. Mycotaxon 37: 1 - 24.","Trevino-Zevallos, I. F. & Rodriguez, C. L. (2020) New records of Myxomycetes from Peru. Check List 16: 253 - 264. https: // doi. org / 10.15560 / 16.2.253","Lado, C. (2005 - 2022) An on line nomenclatural information system of Eumycetozoa. Real Jardin Botanico, CSIC. Madrid, Spain. Available from: https: // eumycetozoa. com (accessed 1 June 2022)","Chen, S. L., Dai, Q. Chen, P. & Li, Y. (2009) Myxomycetes from the mid-upper reaches of Bailong River, Gansu Province, China. Mycosystema 28 (1): 86 - 91.","Chen, S. L., Yan, S. Z. & Li, Y. (2013) Species of the genus Diderma from China and their distributions. Mycosystema 32 (suppl.): 200 - 206."]}

Cornuvia serpula (Wigand) Rostaf., in Fuckel, Jahrb. Nassauischen Vereins Naturk. 27–28: 76, 1873 (Fig. 1) Fruiting bodies are decentralized subspheroidal or ellipsoidal sessile sporangia or short plasmodiocarps, with a diameter of 0.3 mm, shining golden yellow. Peridium membranous, thin, delicate, smooth, and pale yellow. Capillitium a flaccid, loose network of yellow threads 3.0–5.0 μm in diameter, marked with well-defined ring-like thickenings clustered at intervals or irregularly scattered, occasionally or often with a large number of free ends. Spores yellow in mass, pale yellow by transmitted light, spherical, coarsely reticulate, the half surface has 7–12 meshes, 9.0–12.0 μm in diameter. Specimen examined:— CHINA. Hubei Province: Wufeng County, Houhe Nature Reserve, 30°04′47″N, 110°32′39″E, elevation 1238 m, on dead leaves of Davidia involucrata, collected on 27 Oct 2019, Min Li, cultured in moist chamber on 8 Nov 2019, harvested on 29 Dec 2019 (HFNNU 4093). Distribution:— Germany (Bjørneckaer & Klinge 1963), Denmark, United Kingdom, United States, India, Japan, France, Tanzania, and Costa Rica (Global Biodiversity Information Facility, GBIF), Mexico (Estrada-Torres et al. 2015), and China (this study). Comments:— The genus Cornuvia and C. serpula are reported for the first time in China, and was found in moist chamber culture of litter collected from Davidia. involucrata in Houhe Nature Reserve, Hubei Province in autumn. C. serpula is a small sessile sporangium or plasmodiocarp, with well-defined ring-like thickenings on the capillitium and reticulated spores. This species was originally assigned by Wigand to the genus Arcyria (Naturk 1873). However, it was later classified as Cornuvia by Rostafinski due to its unique combination of characteristics. The spores of C. serpula are larger, with a diameter of 9.0–12.0 μm and coarsely reticulate in this study, while the spores of this species were 10.0–11.6 μm in diameter and 9–14 meshes on the half side in America (Rojas & Calvo 2014). But, many of the spores had 7 meshes on the half side in our specimens. The microenvironment of C. serpula in this study is similar to that reported by Seraoui (2008), accumulated litter of leaves and twigs of Quercus cf. ilex., Published as part of Song, Wen-Long, Lin, Di, Li, Min, Du, Que & Chen, Shuang-Lin, 2022, Four new records of myxomycetes from China, pp. 181-188 in Phytotaxa 567 (2) on pages 182-183, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.567.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7141750, {"references":["Bjorneckaer, K. & Klinge, A. B. (1963) Die danischen Schleinpilze. Myxomycetes Daniae. Friesia 7: 1 - 296.","Estrada-Torres, A., de Basanta, D. W., Lado, C. & Rodriguez-Palma, M. M. (2015) Cornuvia (Myxomycetes Trichiales), a new genus for Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 86: 9 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.7550 / rmb. 47025","Naturk, N. V. (1873) Jahrbucher des Nassauischen Vereins fur Naturkunde. J. F. Bergmann, Wiesbaden.","Rojas, C. & Calvo, E. (2014) Additions to the myxobiota of Central America. Mycosphere 5: 488 - 495. https: // doi. org / 10.5943 / mycosphere / 5 / 3 / 11","Seraoui, E. A. (2008) Cornuvia serpula (Wigand) Rost., una espece rare et nouvelle pour la France. Bulletin Semestriel de la Federation des Associations Mycologiques Mediterraneennes 33: 23 - 28."]}

Craterium muscorum Ing, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 78(3):443, 1982 (Fig. 2) Sporangia grouped, stalked, 1.5–2.0 mm in total height. Sporotheca subglobose, dark purple brown to near black, 0.55–0.65 mm in diameter. Hypothallus membranous, reddish brown. Peridium single, membranous, dark greyish brown to nearly black, haloed, irregularly cracked from the top, part remaining like a high cup. Stalk stout, erect, cylindrical, attenuate toward the apex, dark brown to blackish, 1.0– 1.5 mm long, filled with whitish, rhombic crystals of lime. Columella concolorous with the stalk, capitate form, reaching the middle of the sporotheca, filled with lime. Capillitium white, rigid and fragile, almost entirely limy, merging with the columella, branched and anastomosed, as a tridimensional net. Spores black in mass, dark brown by transmitted light, spherical, 12.0–13.5 µm in diameter, roughly reticulated with irregular warts, making a small number of meshes to a hemisphere. Specimen examined:— CHINA. Anhui Province: Yuexi County, Yaoluoping Nature Reserve, 30°98′64″N, 116°09′39″E, elevation 1089 m, on dead bark, 21 Oct 2021, collected by Que Du and Wenlong Song (HFNNU 8503, HFNNU 8504). Distribution:— Costa Rica (Lado et al. 2018), Wales (Lister & Lister 1904), Great Britain, Ireland, Germany (Hosltein), Sandwich Islands, France and Nepal (GBIF), Poland (Stojanowaska & Panek 2003), and China (this study). Comments:— Craterium was established by Trentepohl in 1797, and 19 species have been reported and accepted in the world (Lado 2005 –2022). Prior to now, twelve species have been reported in China (Li & Li 1989, Li et al. 2008 b, Zhang & Li 2013, Zhao et al. 2018, Zhang et al. 2020), which are C. aureum (Schumach.) Rostaf., C. concinnum Rex, C. leucocephalum (Pers. ex J.F. Gmel.) Ditmar, C. microcarpum H.Z. Li, Yu Li & Shuang L. Chen, C. minutum (Leers) Fr., C. obovatum Peck, C. rubronodum G. Lister, C. corniculatum B. Zhang & Yu Li, C. subpurpurea B. Zhang & Yu Li, C. yichunense S.Y. Liu, F.Y. Zhao & Y. Li, C. dictyosporum (Rostaf.) H. Neubert and C. aureomagnum Hooff & Nann. -Bremek. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. muscorum from China. Lister & Lister (1904), who originally described this species as Badhamia rubiginosa var. globosa Lister & G. Lister, found it in the north of Wales. Ing (1982) clarified the nomenclatural status of this species, and named it C. muscorum. Our specimens were collected from mossy bark in autumn, supporting the affinity of this species for bryophytes and colder wet environments (Lado et al. 2018). Of the known species of Craterium, C. muscorum is similar only to C. dictyosporum in having irregularly dehiscing sporocarps, rarely circumscissile, and subreticulate or reticulate spores (Neubert et al. 1995, Zhao et al. 2018). However, the reticulation of the spores is almost complete, and with a prominent edge in C. muscorum, sets them apart., Published as part of Song, Wen-Long, Lin, Di, Li, Min, Du, Que & Chen, Shuang-Lin, 2022, Four new records of myxomycetes from China, pp. 181-188 in Phytotaxa 567 (2) on page 183, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.567.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7141750, {"references":["Lado, C., Estrada-Torres, A. & Rojas, C. (2018) New records of genera and species of myxomycetes (Amoebozoa) from the Neotropics. Check List 14: 509 - 518. https: // doi. org / 10.15560 / 14.3.509","Lister, A. & Lister, G. (1904) Notes on mycetozoa from Japan. London Journal of Botany 42: 97 - 99.","Stojanowaska, W. & Panek, E. (2003) The genus Craterium (Myxomycetes) in Poland. Acta Mycologica 38: 65 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.5586 / am. 2003.008","Lado, C. (2005 - 2022) An on line nomenclatural information system of Eumycetozoa. Real Jardin Botanico, CSIC. Madrid, Spain. Available from: https: // eumycetozoa. com (accessed 1 June 2022)","Li, Y. & Li, H. Z. (1989) Myxomycetes from China 1: a checklist of Myxomycetes from China. Mycotaxon 35: 429 - 436.","Li, Y., Li, H. Z., Wang, Q. & Chen, S. L. (2008 b) Flora Fungorum Sinicorum Myxomycetes II. Science Press, Beijing.","Zhang, B. & Li, Y. (2013) Myxomycetes from China 16: Arcyodes incarnata and Licea retiformis, newly recorded for China. Mycotaxon 122: 157 - 160. https: // doi. org / 10.5248 / 122.157","Zhao, F. Y., Li, Y., Hsiang, T. & Liu, S. Y. (2018) A new species in Physaraceae, Craterium yichunensis, and a new record for C. dictyosporum in China. Phytotaxa 351: 181 - 185. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 351.2.7","Zhang, B., Ma, H. X., Li, Z., Li, Y. & Li, X. (2020) A new species of Craterium (Myxomycetes, Physaraceae) growing on living grass and new records of the genus from China. Phytotaxa 443: 13 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 443.1.2","Ing, B. (1982) Notes on Myxomycetes III. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 78: 439 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0007 - 1536 (82) 80150 - 2","Neubert, H., Nowotny, W. & Baumann, K. (1995) Die Myxomyceten Deutschlands und des angrenzenden Alpenraumes unter besonderer Berucksichtigung Osterreichs. Band 2. Physarales. Karlheinz Baumann Verlag, Gomaringen."]}

Perichaena microspora Penz. & Lister, in Penzig, Myxomyc. Fl. Buitenzorg 76, 1898 (Fig. 4) Fruiting bodies grouped, spherical or nearly spherical sporangia or long strip or vermicular plasmodiocarp, or long or short, sometimes reticulated, yellowish brown, 0.2–2.0 mm in diameter. Peridium single-layer, simple, membranose, yellow, with smooth surface, inner surface with grains of material close to the base of the sporocarp. Capillitium loose, the upper end is connected with the peridium, canary yellow, branched and anastomosed, densely spiny, 1.5–3.0 μm in diameter. Spores golden in mass, canary by microscope, warted, 6.5–8.0 μm in diameter. Specimens examined:— CHINA. Hubei Province: Wufeng County, Houhe Nature Reserve, 30°04′24″N, 110°36′36″E, elevation 1102 m, on dead leaves, collected on 8 Apr 2019, Min Li, cultured in moist chamber on 18 Apr 2019, harvested on 20 May 2019 (HFNNU 3469, HFNNU 3456); Wufeng County, Houhe Nature Reserve, 30°04′24″N, 110°36′36″E, elevation 1102 m, on dead leaves, collected on 8 Apr 2019, Min Li, cultured in moist chamber on 18 Apr 2019, harvested on 12 Jun 2019 (HFNNU 3532, HFNNU 3534). Distribution:— Liberia and America (GBIF), Cuba, Costa Rica and Brazil (Cavalcanti et al. 2016, Lado & de Basanta 2008), Philippines (Macabago et al. 2012), and China (this study). Comments:— Perichaena currently encompasses 38 species (Lado 2005 –2022). Species belonging to the genus form sessile or stalked sporangia with pale capillitium covered with various types of ornamentation in the form of warts, spines or rings, but never spirals, and with pale spores usually covered with warts or spines (Ronikier et al. 2013). P. microspora as a new Chinese record is morphologically almost identical to the description for this species (Macabago et al. 2012, Cavalcanti et al. 2016). The characteristic small spores of P. microspora have not been observed in any other species of this genus. The average spore size of P. microspora in this study and a reference (Cavalcanti et al. 2016) is about 7 μm. The most frequently measured value for spores of other species in this genus (Martin & Alexopoulos 1969) is 10 μm. Our study is the first to use SEM to photograph and analyze this species, so as to more clearly describe the morphological characteristics of the species., Published as part of Song, Wen-Long, Lin, Di, Li, Min, Du, Que & Chen, Shuang-Lin, 2022, Four new records of myxomycetes from China, pp. 181-188 in Phytotaxa 567 (2) on pages 186-187, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.567.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7141750, {"references":["Cavalcanti, L. H., Bezerra, A. C. C., Barbosa, D. I., Agra, L. A. N. N., Powell, N. V., de Lima, V. X. & Costa, A. A. A. (2016) Occurrence and distribution of Perichaena (Trichiaceae, Myxomycetes) in the Brazilian Northeastern Region. Acta Botanica Brasilica 30: 102 - 111. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 0102 - 33062015 abb 0238","Lado, C. & de Basanta, D. W. (2008) A review of Neotropical Myxomycetes (1828 - 2008). Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid 65: 211 - 254. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / ajbm. 2008. v 65. i 2.293","Macabago, S. A. B., dela Cruz, T. E. E. & Stephenson, S. L. (2012) First records of myxomycetes from Lubang Island, Occidental Mindoro, Philippines. Sydowia 64: 109 - 118.","Lado, C. (2005 - 2022) An on line nomenclatural information system of Eumycetozoa. Real Jardin Botanico, CSIC. Madrid, Spain. Available from: https: // eumycetozoa. com (accessed 1 June 2022)","Ronikier, A., Lado, C. & de Basanta, D. W. (2013) Perichaena megaspora, a new nivicolous species of myxomycete from the Andes. Mycologia 105: 938 - 944. https: // doi. org / 10.3852 / 12 - 191","Martin, G. W. & Alexopoulos, C. J. (1969) The Myxomycetes. University of Iowa Press, Iowa."]}

Aims Organ stoichiometric characteristics are the bridge that connects environment and plant organ traits. The relationships among environment, organ stoichiometric characteristics and organ traits reveal mechanisms of environmental effects on plant organ traits and make it possible to regulate plant traits. Our objective was try to find the relationships among soil and leaf nitrogen (N), phosphonium (P) stoichiometric characteristics and leaf chlorophyll content for Oligostachyum lubricum. Methods Total N, P concentrations of the original soil in pots were 421.76 and 37.35 mg·kg, respectively, and the original soil was treated as the control (1N1P). Total experimental N, P concentration were two, three and four times as high as the control. Different N, P levels were combined into 10 combinations (2N2P, 2N3P, 2N4P, 3N2P, 3N3P, 3N4P, 4N2P, 4N3P, 4N4P and 1N1P) and every combination except the control was achieved by adding different amounts of NH4NO3 and NH4H2PO4. Leaf samples were collected from ramets of O. lubricum after grown in the pot soil with different N, P level combinations for 45 days. Leaf total N concentration was determined by employing the Kjeldahl method and leaf total P concentration by the acid melt-molybdenum stibium anti-color method. Leaf chlorophyll concentrations were measured based on acetone-ethanol mixture (1 : 1) extraction method. Soil and leaf total N, P concentrations were expressed as mg·kg DW. Important findings Soil total N concentration was significantly positively correlated with leaf total N concentration and leaf N : P ratio, whereas soil total P concentration had no significant correlation with leaf total P concentration and leaf N : P ratio. Leaf N : P ratio increased with the increasing of soil N : P ratio, and the rate of increase of soil N : P ratio was faster than that of leaf N : P ratio. At the same soil condition, leaf N : P ratio of 1220 植物生态学报 Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 2011, 35 (12): 1219–1225 www.plant-ecology.com ramets growing in soil with 2N2P and 3N3P had no significant difference, but the both were higher than the control (1N1P) and lower than that growing in soil with 4N4P. Leaf N : P was the main factor that affected leaf chlorophyll content. Results suggested that soil total N concentration had more effect on leaf N, P stoichiometric characteristics than soil total P. Sufficient supply of soil total N lead to the luxury uptake of N by leaves of O. lubricum. The growth of O. lubricum was limited by low soil total N concentration before N and P addition.