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ObjectiveTo isolate and identify a bacteriophage of Enterococcus faecalis and to analyze its biological characteristics.MethodsThe host bacteria was isolated from the process of yak slaughtering and identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. The bacteriophage was isolated from the environmental sewage and was purified. The titer of bacteriophages was determined using the double-layer plate method. The morphology of bacteriophage was observed by transmission electron microscopy； the bacteriophage lysis profiles， optimal infection complex， and one-step growth curve were determined； the effects of pH， UV irradiation， temperature， and organic solvents on bacteriophages have been studied. Furthermore， the lytic activity of the bacteriophage against the host bacteria was determined.ResultsThe host bacteria were identified as E. faecalis by 16S rRNA sequencing. A bacteriophage named P45 was isolated from sewage to lyse E. faecalis. Electron microscopy showed that the bacteriophage was a tadpole-shaped long-tailed bacteriophage， which has a hexahedral head and its length is （200±5） nm. The bacteriophage had obvious lysis effect on four strains of E. faecalis. Bacteriophage’s optimal multiplicity of infection was 0.1. The results of one-step growth curve showed that the incubation period was 50 min， the lysis period was 190 min， and the burst size was 1 PFU/cell. This bacteriophage survived at pH=2 to 3，which titers were 1.05×102 PFU/mL and 1.85×103 PFU/mL. At 75 ℃， this bacteriophage was completely inactivated. Bacteriophage’s titer was decreased by UV irradiation， and it was not sensitive to organic solvents.ConclusionThis bacteriophage has a good lysis effect and has potential application on the prevention or control of E. faecalis contamination.

Objective·To investigate the effects of the cancer-testis antigen 14 (CT14) on embryonic and larval development in nematodes by using the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), aiming to uncover its potential functions and mechanisms during development.Methods·Transgenic C. elegans strains were constructed by using microinjection for the inducible expression of human CT14 (HsCT14), a truncated mutant of CT14 (HsCT14∆CIR) lacking CT14-specific intermediate region (CIR), and a green fluorescent protein (GFP) control. The impacts of full-length and truncated mutant CT14 on nematode embryonic and larval development were analyzed and compared. Additionally, transgenic C. elegans strains with inducible expression of CT14 from various primates, including the crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis) and mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus), were also constructed to assess the effects on egg hatching and larval-to-adult transformation rates. The differential gene expression in nematode embryos induced by CT14 was analyzed by Smart-seq transcriptome sequencing, with further insights gained through KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) and GSEA (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis), to explore the involved biological processes and pathways.Results·The induced expression of HsCT14 and its truncated mutant HsCT14∆CIR significantly reduced the hatching rate of nematode eggs, with a more pronounced effect observed in HsCT14-expressing strains. Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy imaging revealed significant morphological abnormalities in embryos expressing HsCT14 during the comma stage. Nematodes expressing HsCT14 or HsCT14∆CIR exhibited developmental arrest in larvae and substantially lower larval-to-adult transformation rates compared to the GFP control. The impact was more pronounced in nematodes expressing HsCT14 than those with HsCT14∆CIR. The expression of Macaca fascicularis CT14 (MfCT14) exhibited significant effects on the hatching rate and adult transformation rate, similar to that of HsCT14, while the expression of Microcebus murinus CT14 (MmCT14) displayed significantly reduced impact compared to HsCT14 and MfCT14. Smart-seq results indicated that CT14 expression affected various biological processes in nematode embryos, related to ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling and DNA replication.Conclusion·Ectopic expression of the cancer-testis antigen CT14 significantly disrupts both embryonic and larval developments in C. elegans, with the CIR sequence substantially enhancing this effect. It suggests that CT14 may play an important regulatory role in biological development by affecting gene expression in multiple pathways, including chromatin remodeling.

In the context of large-scale and medium-and-long distance offshore wind power development， a comprehensive economic comparison has been made between fractional frequency transmission system （FFTS） and other transmission systems. An economic evaluation model based on the levelized cost of electricity （LCOE） for the FFTS system. This model takes into account the lifecycle， initial resource investment， operational losses， routine maintenance， decommissioning costs， and tax liabilities. By using an offshore wind farm as a case study， the paper analyzes the economic intervals of the FFTS and economic variability under various scenarios. The findings reveal that， for a 500 MW offshore wind farm， the economic interval extends from 80 to 250 kilometers； moreover， this range exhibits a notable degree of stability and demonstrates superior economic viability in contrast to traditional transmission systems across multiple scenarios.

AIM: To compare the efficacy of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab(IVR)and intravitreal injection of conbercept(IVC)in children with retinopathy of prematurity(ROP).METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 1 100 eyes with ROP treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF at our hospital from January 2015 to June 2023 were included. According to the different therapeutic drugs, the children were divided into two groups: IVR group and IVC group. According to the degree of ROP, the patients were divided into three groups: aggressive ROP(A-ROP), Zone Ⅰ type 1 ROP and Zone Ⅱ type 1 ROP. The reactivation and retreatment between the two groups were compared after propensity score matching(PSM)analysis, and they were followed-up for at least 3 mo after surgery.RESULTS: In Zone Ⅱ type 1 ROP, there was a statistically significant difference in the rates of reactivation and retreatment between the IVR and IVC groups(P0.05). The risk of reactivation and retreatment of Zone I type 1 ROP was higher than the Zone II type 1 ROP. Furthermore, the use of drugs and corrected gestational age of first treatment were influencing factors of lesion recurrence and retreatment.CONCLUSION: There is a significant difference in the initial cure effect between the two drugs in Zone II type 1 ROP, with the reactivation and retreatment rates of the IVC group being much lower than those of the IVR group.

In the chip encapsulation process, internal defects arise due to both natural and anthropogenic factors, primarily manifesting as a diverse array of missing Gold Wires and Solder Joints. Accurate delineation of these Gold Wires and Solder Joints through a mask is essential for defect analysis. Notably, Gold Wires exhibit a large spatial scale, while Solder Joints have a smaller scale; both possess intricate textures. Although Transformer methods can effectively model relationships between distant pixels, they tend to lose fine-grained texture information. Conversely, CNN methods excel in learning local information but may compromise spatial relationships between targets. Consequently, utilizing either of these methods alone presents limitations. In addressing this issue, we propose the Global-Local Feature Multilevel Fusion Network architecture—SegCAF, which combines the strengths of CNN and Transformer. Our research introduces a dual-branch interactive parallel network, where the CNN branch extracts local information, and the Transformer branch captures global dependencies. Subsequently, a feature fusion module aligns and aggregates the encoded features from both branches, leveraging both global context and local details. Furthermore, an auxiliary segmentation head is added to the Transformer branch to enhance training efficiency and reinforce information interaction between the two branches. In the experimental phase, we collected and annotated a dataset of X-ray images depicting internal defects in industrially produced chipsets. We conducted feature visualization analysis and model performance evaluations on this dataset. The results demonstrate that the proposed SegCAF model significantly outperforms existing mainstream models, achieving an mIoU of $90.56\%$ and an mPA of $81.17\%$ . This indicates that SegCAF effectively addresses the challenge of precise segmentation of chip defects using both local and global information in network design and optimization. Consequently, it enhances the quality of relevant electronic products and improves production inspection efficiency.

The southwestern mountainous and hilly regions of China are vital ecological barriers upstream of the Yangtze River. Assessing and simulating changes in ecosystem service value (ESV) in this area is essential for ensuring sustainable ecological development. In this study, our purpose was to evaluate and simulate the spatial patterns as well as trends in the changes shown by the ESV in Yanting County, China, from 2020 to 2030 via a grid-scale using the equivalent factor method and the Markov–patch-generating land use simulation model. The results indicated that (1) from 2020 to 2030, forest, cultivated, and construction lands would be the main types of land use. (2) In 2030, the projected ESVs in Yanting County under the as-usual, low-carbon, and shared development scenarios were 5.31, 5.30, and 4.99 billion RMB, respectively. Compared to the 2020 ESV of Yanting County, the as-usual scenario and low-carbon scenario ESVs increased. The shared development scenario ESVs decreased. It reflects the contra-diction between urbanization, industrialization, agricultural production, and ecological protection in Yanting County. The spatial distribution of the ESVs of all three scenarios showed an agglomeration trend. (3) Given the background of national food security and carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, the setting of a low-carbon development scenario combined with a shared development scenario appears to be more suitable for the future development of Yanting County, which is conducive to the rational planning of land-use patterns and the sci-entific growth of ESV in Yanting County. This study underscores the critical importance of integrating ESVs in sustainable land-use planning and management, and provides a reference for the rational use of land resources, land spatial planning, and policy-making for ecological protection in Yanting County.

[Abstract]: Objective: To characterize the value of carotid wall shear stress (WSS) following carotid artery stenting (CAS) in patients with carotid stenosis. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with carotid stenosis treated with CAS between March 2021 to May 2022 in the eighth medical center of the PLA General Hospital were selected for our study. Carotid ultrasound was performed before the operation, one week post-operation, and six months post-operation. Carotid artery WSS was detected by blood flow vector imaging, and the changes in WSS before and after the operation were collected. Genetic testing of drugs was detected for patients with restenosis. Results: Pre-operative WSS of the proximal, narrowest region, and distal carotid arteries in patients with ischemic carotid artery stenosis was 7.88 ± 3.18Pa, 14.36 ± 6.66Pa, and 1.55 ± 1.15Pa, respectively. Comparatively, pre-operative WSS of the proximal, narrowest region and distal carotid arteries in patients without ischemic symptoms was 5.02 ± 1.99Pa, 9.68 ± 4.23Pa, and 1.10 ± 0.68Pa, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (p 0.05). Conclusion: We employed early carotid WSS as a means of evaluating the efficacy of carotid artery stenting. Changes in carotid WSS are closely associated with carotid artery stenosis, providing valuable hemodynamic information for CAS treatment. This technique holds great application value in pre-operative evaluation and long-term follow-up.

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behavior poses a significant risk to the psychosomatic health of middle school students. However， the intrinsic mechanisms underlying the risk factors associated with NSSI behavior remain unclear.ObjectiveTo explore the relationship and underlying mechanism between depressive mood， impulsivity， and NSSI behavior in middle school students， and provide valuable insights for the prevention and intervention of NSSI behavior in this population.MethodsIn March 2021， 1 161 middle school students were recruited by cluster random sampling. They were assessed using Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Assessment Questionnaire （ANSAQ）， Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale （CES-D）， and Barratt Impulsivity Scale （BIS-II）. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between depressive mood， impulsivity and NSSI behavior in middle school students. Moreover， the Process mediation effect analysis was adopted to test the mediating role of impulsivity between depressive mood and NSSI behavior.ResultsTotal of 122 people （10.51%） with NSSI behavior were detected. CES-D score was positively correlated with the total score of BIS-II and scores of all dimensions （r=0.340~0.556， P

Objective To explore the technology frontiers for neuroblastoma treatment from the perspective of patent citation network. Methods Through patent analysis for neuroblastoma treatment, highly cited patents and highly cited papers in the citation network were taken as the research objects. The title and abstract of the citing patents were analyzed by text clustering to identify the technology frontiers. Through social network analysis, the core patents were identified from the indices of degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality, and eigenvector centrality. Results A total of 6240 patent applications for neuroblastoma treatment were found, including 71304 patent citations and 88698 journal-article citations. Four technology frontiers were identified based on patent citation network, namely, drug target, drug design, tumor-indication expansion, and gene-expression regulation. Three technology frontiers were identified based on journal-article citation network. They were drug target, drug design, and tumor-indication expansion. Conclusion The development of technology for neuroblastoma treatment continues to be active. Drug target and drug design are the most important technology frontiers. This study could provide certain reference for neuroblastoma treatment from the perspective of information science.

To explore the experiences and feelings of undergraduate nursing students during their 4-month clinical placement through the lens of service learning theory.

The quality of higher education directly points to the academic achievement of college students, and clarifying the influencing factors related to college students’ academic achievement is a prerequisite to helping college students improve their academic achievement. In this paper, structural equation modeling is used to analyze the influencing factors of the academic achievement of undergraduates in local colleges and universities, and then the PSO-WRF model is constructed to predict the academic achievement of undergraduates in local colleges and universities. Path analysis and direct effect analysis are carried out on the influencing factors model. Finally, the PSO-WRF model is empirically analyzed and integrated into the influencing factor model to compare its prediction effect and obtain the best model. The study hypothesized that the critical ratios C.R. of H1~H6 are all greater than 1.96, the P-values are all less than 0.01, and the estimates reach the 0.05 level of significance, which indicates that all hypotheses are valid, i.e., there is a significant and positive Emotional Intelligence to Learning Motivation, Emotional Intelligence to Academic Achievement, Emotional Intelligence to Learning Strategies, Learning Motivation to Academic Achievement, Learning Motivation to Learning Strategies, and Learning Strategies to Academic Achievement The relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement The mediation effect test concluded that there is a mediating effect of learning motivation in the effect of emotional intelligence on academic achievement. Its prediction effect was optimal after incorporating the influencing factor model in the multi-period academic achievement prediction model considering historical information, and its prediction accuracy was 0.904, which was improved by 0.033 compared with that when it was not incorporated. In this paper, the influencing paths of the factors on undergraduates’ academic achievement were verified, and their incorporation into the prediction model was of great significance in the study of academic achievement prediction.

The construction of college students’ career planning and employment guidance system is an important part of the current university talent cultivation system, and the importance of career planning is becoming more and more prominent under the current severe employment situation. This paper firstly constructs the Executive regression model and LDA algorithm to deal with the content and basic data of the questionnaire survey of 600 students from 10 provinces and 30 schools, uses regression to analyze the cognition and form of college students’ career planning and the factors that have an impact on their view of choosing a career, constructs the college students’ employment guidance system at the same time, and puts forward the suggestions on the contemporary college students’ career choice and employment. The results of the study show that professional knowledge and skills, a strong sense of responsibility, optimism and cheerfulness, and good social skills are the main advantages of students. Only 47% of college students have clear career goals, while 21% have no career goals. When choosing a career, the decisive influence factor is “environment,” which accounts for 51.63%, followed by personal preferences, which account for 45.7%. After graduation, 63.72% of college students chose employment, while 17.14% and 10.34% chose to start their own business and go to graduate school, respectively. It can be seen that in order to improve the feasibility and effectiveness of college students’ career planning, colleges, and universities should strengthen the education of college students’ awareness of career planning, establish a sound career planning management and service system, and maximize college students’ employment competitiveness.

In recent years, arginine has received extensive attention from researchers and scholars in the field of food and nutrition because of its important role in patients' postoperative recovery and cardiovascular health. This article describes the metabolic pathways, physiological functions, absorption and intake of arginine, summarizes the application of arginine in clinical research and food for special medical purpose, and the future direction of development and research of the food for special medical purpose is also prospected.

Gentiana rhodantha is a perennial herb of the genus Gentiana (Tourn.) L. This study was novel in establishing a regeneration system of G. rhodantha using young leaves as explants on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different plant growth regulators (PGRs). The roots, stems, and leaves of G. rhodantha were used as explants. The effects of the optimal explant disinfection method, type of explant used, concentrations of PGRs added to the culture media on tissue culture, and rapid propagation of G. rhodantha were studied. The results showed that the optimal disinfection method for stems and roots consisted of disinfection using 75% ethanol for 50 s, followed by 4% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) for 10 min. The optimal disinfection technique for leaves consisted of disinfection using 75% ethanol for 50 s, followed by 4% NaClO for 8 min. Root explant was the most suitable for inducing the callus of G. rhodantha on the MS medium supplemented with different PGRs. The optimal conditions for callus induction included 1.0 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and 0.5 mg/L α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The callus induction rate using the root explant reached 94.28%. MS supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.1 mg/L NAA was the optimal medium for inducing adventitious shoots from the callus of G. rhodantha. The best medium for propagation and plantlets strengthening was MS supplemented with 0.8 mg/L 6-BA and 0.3 mg/L NAA, and the propagation index was 8.62. MS supplemented with 0.3 mg/L 3-indolebutyric acid was the best culture medium for inducing the rooting of adventitious buds, with the maximum rooting rate reaching up to 100%.

In recent years, the geochemical characteristics, genesis and sources of natural gas in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the Sichuan Basin have received extensive attention, but their genesis and sources are still controversial. In this study, taking the natural gas from the Xujiahe Formation in the Sichuan Basin as an example, the source and genesis of the natural gas have been systematically analyzed. The results show that the natural gas of the Xujiahe Formation in the Sichuan Basin is dominated by methane, followed by a small amount of CO2 and N2; only the southern Sichuan area contains a small amount of H2S, which comes from the supply of the underlying carbonate source rocks. Except for the western Sichuan Basin, the drying coefficient of the natural gas is generally less than 0.95 (wet gas). Furthermore, the composition of the natural gas is mainly controlled by the maturity of source rocks. The carbon isotope of ethane in natural gas ranges from −33.9 to −21.5‰, and the hydrogen isotope of methane ranges from −188‰ to −151‰. The carbon and hydrogen isotope values are higher in the western Sichuan Basin than in the central, northeastern and southern Sichuan Basin. The identification of the origin of natural gas and the comparison of gas sources show that the natural gas in the Xujiahe Formation is mainly coal-derived gas from its own coal-measure source rocks; the natural gas in the northern part of the southern Sichuan Basin is oil-derived gas originating from the Changxing Formation and the Silurian marine source rocks; however, the natural gas in the northeastern Sichuan Basin is a mixture of coal-derived and oil-derived gases. In addition, the carbon and hydrogen isotopes in some natural gas samples from the Xujiahe Formation have inversions of δ13C1 > δ13C2, δ13C2 > δ13C3, δ13C3 > δ13C4, and δD2 > δD3, and the magnitude of the inversions is small. It is considered to be caused by the mixing of gases from the same source, as well as the mixing of coal-derived and oil-derived gases.

Pituitary adenoma is one common type of intracranial tumors, accounting for about 10% of intracranial tumors. Although pituitary adenomas are benign tumors, the complete resection and recurrence prevention remain challengeable due to aggressive growth of tumor, limited equipment conditions and surgical techniques of the surgeon. The proportion of recurrent pituitary adenomas is rising year by year and the difficulty of treatment also increases. This article reviews the diagnosis and treatment of recurrent pituitary adenomas based on the summary data of invasive or recurrent pituitary adenomas cases in our center, including indication for the second transsphenoidal surgery, surgical techniques, and prevention and treatment of postoperative complications, to provide reference for clinicians in this field.

As the core foundation of major national equipment, large forgings have a great influence on the national economic construction, the development of national defence equipment and the development of modern cutting-edge science and technology. In the production of large forgings, welding the internal void of forgings is a technical problem that directly affects the quality of large forgings. In view of the phenomenon of void welding in large forgings, the behaviour and mechanism of void welding were deeply studied based on the stretching test and molecular dynamics simulation, combined with a lot of theoretical analysis. The results show that multi-pass stretching deformation is a kind of plastic deformation process which can eliminate void defects. When the forging ratio reaches 2.2, the void can be welded completely and the tensile strength can be restored to the level of the matrix. With the increase of compression deformation, the stress will increase sharply, especially at the grain boundary. In addition, the main void welding mechanism of 30Cr2Ni4MoV steel is the recrystallization and grain growth mechanism. Recrystallization and grain growth are of great significance for promoting the reduction of void volume and realizing metallurgical bonding of the interface.

The lightweight of vehicles is one of the important means to solve the energy crisis and environmental problems, which has been paid great attention by scholars at home and abroad.Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites and light alloys such as aluminum and magnesium alloys have a series of excellent mechanical properties and processing performance, representing lightweight materials with great application prospects. It has become a hot research topic to realize the effective joining between the CFRP and aluminum/magnesium alloys which are the promising lightweight materials. However, due to the significant differences in physical and chemical properties between these dissimilar materials, the mixed application of a variety of lightweight materials in the production process is still facing great challenges.The research progress, advantages and disadvantages, and development trend of bonding, mechanical fastening, friction stir welding and its variants were summarized and analyzed. The micro morphology of joints obtained under different bonding methods was investigated. Three mechanisms of friction stir joining between CFRP and aluminum/magnesium light alloys were preliminarily summarized through investigating the micro morphology of joints, including macro anchoring, micro mechanical chimerism and chemical bonding. Finally, based on the above joining mechanism, it is pointed out that the key to further improving the performance of hybrid joints is to increase the surface roughness of the base metal, increase the area of the molten polymer and adopt the hybrid joining techniques.

Objective To investigate the effect of external application of Traditional Chinese Medicine compound Baiyu powder in treating cracked nipples during lactation period, and summarized related nursing measures during treatment. Methods A total of 120 women with cracked nipples during lactation period were randomly divided into group A, group B and control group, with 40 cases in each group. The group A received external application of compound Baiyu powder, group B received external application of protective cream, and the control group received routine care during lactation period. The healing conditions of cracked nipples 5 days after intervention and breastfeeding rate were observed, and intervention effect was evaluated and compared among three groups. Results The total response rate was 97. 44%(38/39) in the group a, which was higher than 68. 42%(26/38) in group B and 40. 00% (16/40) in control group(P＜0. 05 respectively). A shorter time to pain relief and healing of cracked skin were observed in group A than those in group B and control group, respectively(P＜0. 01). The breastfeeding rate in the group A was higher than that in group B and control group, respectively (P

This research constructed a relationship model between human capital, social capital, and the employability of college students. With two moderating variables introduced, the perception reduction of employment opportunities under the COVID-19 epidemic and future career clarity, this research studied the direct impact of human capital and social capital on the employability of college students and boundary conditions. Research data from 810 employed Chinese college graduates shows that both human capital and social capital have a positive and significant impact on the employability; the perception reduction of employment opportunities under the COVID-19 epidemic negatively regulates the relationship between human capital and the employability of college students; the future career clarity positively regulates the relationship between human capital and the employability of college students; the perception reduction of employment opportunities under COVID-19 epidemic and the future career clarity jointly regulate the relationship between human capital, social capital and the employability of college students. These conclusions enrich the relevant theoretical and practical research on the employability of college students under the COVID-19 epidemic.

Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of adverse reactions of injection site after subcutaneous anticoagulant injection under the guidance of evidence-based nursingMethods Using the convenient sampling method, 608 patients with anticoagulant subcutaneous injection were investigated with self-designed general data questionnaire. Results Totally 98 patients had hemorrhagic related adverse reactions, the total incidence was 16. 12%. Age, sex, body mass index, abdominal skin fold thickness, and concomitant other anticoagulants were the main influencing factors. The levels of D-dimer and fibrinogen were specific indexes. Conclusion Standardizing subcutaneous injection method of anticoagulants can reduce the risk of bleeding and other adverse reaction. Patients should be comprehensively evaluated before injection and master the correct injection method. Elderly, female, obesity, and the use of other anticoagulant drugs and D-dimer, fibrinogen decreased in patients are high-risk groups. (目的 调查基于循证护理指导下抗凝剂皮下注射不良反应发生率, 并进行影响因素分析。方法 采取便利抽样法, 对608例患者抗凝剂皮下注射后皮下瘀点瘀斑、硬结等进行记录, 计算发生率, 对年龄等影响因素进行多元回归分析。结果 通过规范注射, 有98例患者发生不良反应, 总发生率为16. 12%。年龄、性别、体质量指数、腹部皮肤褶皱厚度、同时使用其他相关药物是其主要影响因素。D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原水平是特异性指标。结论 规范抗凝剂皮下注射方法, 可降低出血相关不良反应。注射前应全面评估患者, 掌握正确的注射方法。高龄、女性、肥胖、同时使用其他相关药物和D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原降低的患者是高危人群。)

While photodynamic therapy (PDT) can induce acute inflammation in the irradiated tumor site, a sustained systemic, adaptive immune response is desirable, as it may control the growth of nonirradiated distant disease. Previously, we developed porphyrin lipoprotein (PLP), a ∼20 nm nanoparticle photosensitizer, and observed that it not only efficiently eradicated irradiated primary VX2 buccal carcinomas in rabbits, but also induced regression of nonirradiated metastases in a draining lymph node. We hypothesized that PLP-mediated PDT can induce an abscopal effect and we sought to investigate the immune mechanism underlying such a response in a highly aggressive, dual subcutaneous AE17-OVA+ mesothelioma model in C57BL/6 mice. Four cycles of PLP-mediated PDT was sufficient to delay the growth of a distal, nonirradiated tumor four-fold relative to controls. Serum cytokine analysis revealed high interleukin-6 levels, showing a 30-fold increase relative to phosphate-buffered solution (PBS) treated mice. Flow cytometry revealed an increase in CD4+ T cells and effector memory CD8+ T cells in non-irradiated tumors. Notably, PDT in combination with PD-1 antibody therapy prolonged survival compared to monotherapy and PBS. PLP-mediated PDT shows promise in generating a systemic immune response that can complement other treatments, improving prognoses for patients with metastatic cancers.

Porphysomes (PS) are liposome-like nanoparticles comprising pyropheophorbide-conjugated phospholipids that have demonstrated potential as multimodal theranostic agents for applications that include phototherapies, targeted drug delivery and in vivo fluorescence, photoacoustic, magnetic resonance or positron emission imaging. Previous therapeutic applications focused primarily on photothermal therapy (PTT) and suggested that PSs require target-triggered activation for use as photodynamic therapy (PDT) sensitizers. Here, athymic nude mice bearing subcutaneous A549 human lung tumors were randomized into treatment and control groups: PS-PDT at various doses, PS-only and no treatment negative controls, as well as positive controls using the clinical photosensitizer Photofrin. Animals were followed for 30 days post-treatment. PS-PDT at all doses demonstrated a significant tumor ablative effect, with the greatest effect seen with 10 mg/kg PS at a drug-light interval of 24 h. By comparison, negative controls (PS-only, Photofrin-only, and no treatment) showed uncontrolled tumor growth. PDT with Photofrin at 5 mg/kg and PS at 10 mg/kg demonstrated similar tumor growth suppression and complete tumor response rates (15 vs. 25%, p = 0.52). Hence, porphysome nanoparticles are an effective PDT agent and have the additional advantages of multimodal diagnostic and therapeutic applications arising from their intrinsic structure. Porphysomes may also be the first single all-organic agent capable of concurrent PDT and PTT.

Objective To investigate the health literacy and related influencing factors among patients undergoing thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke, and provide reference for establishment of effective health education strategy for stroke prevention. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed, and Short-form Health Literacy Questionnaire( HLS-SF12) was adopted to survey health literacy among 148 patients undergoing thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke. Results The average score of HLS-SF12 was (19. 64±8. 26), and score of patients with stroke recurrence and family history was (19. 56±7. 62) and (22. 04±8. 80)respectively. The highest score of dimension was (9. 08±2. 33) in medical care, followed by (8. 79±2. 68) in health promotion and (7. 80±2. 24) in disease prevention. The univariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference in HLS-SF12 score of patients with different gender, age, education level, occupation, marital status, residence status, monthly income, medical insurance payment method(P＜0. 05). Conclusion Findings of study indicated a relatively low level of health literacy among patients undergoing thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke. Influencing factors of health literacy include gender, age, education level, occupation, marital status, residence status, monthly income, medical insurance payment method. (目的 调查急性缺血性卒中溶栓患者健康素养现状并分析其影响因素, 为建立有效的卒中健康教育策略提供依据。方法 本研究为横断面描述性研究, 研究对象为某三级甲等综合性医院148例急性缺血性卒中溶栓患者。采用HLS-SF12健康素养调查问卷对患者进行问卷调查。结果 研究对象健康素养平均得分(19. 64±8. 26)分, 其中卒中复发及有家族史患者健康素养平均得分分别为(19. 56±7. 62)分和(22. 04±8. 80)分。健康素养各维度得分依次为医疗保健(9. 08±2. 33)分、健康促进(8. 79±2. 68)分、疾病预防(7. 80±2. 24)分。单因素分析结果显示不同性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、居住状况、月收入水平、医疗付费方式的研究对象在健康素养得分上差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 急性缺血性卒中溶栓患者健康素养水平低下, 其中卒中复发及有家族史患者健康素养仍然不足。不同性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、居住状况、月收入水平、医疗付费方式是急性缺血性卒中溶栓患者健康素养的主要影响因素。)

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have gained much attention for their crucial regulatory roles in human diseases and cancers. However, the role and the mechanism of circRNA ArfGAP with FG repeats 1 (circAGFG1) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still largely unknown. circAGFG1 was highly expressed in NSCLC, and high expression of circAGFG1 was closely related to the low survival rate of NSCLC patients. circAGFG1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted the apoptosis of NSCLC cells. circAGFG1 bound to miR-28-5p in NSCLC cells, and circAGFG1 promoted NSCLC progression partly through sponging miR-28-5p in vitro. HIF-1α was a target of miR-28-5p, and miR-28-5p overexpression-mediated influences in NSCLC cells were partly overturned by the addition of HIF-1α overexpression plasmid. circAGFG1/miR-28-5p/HIF-1α axis regulated cellular glycolytic metabolism in NSCLC cells. circAGFG1 silencing restrained the xenograft tumor growth in vivo. circAGFG1 promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion and suppressed the apoptosis of NSCLC cells through accelerating the glycolysis via miR-28-5p/HIF-1α axis.

As an important means of atmospheric threat awareness, airborne weather radar plays an important role in aviation security. This paper analyzes the development process of airborne weather radar and products and technologies at home and abroad, looks forward to the development trend of airborne weather radar, and combs its key technologies and difficulties in order to promote the research and development of related technologies in China.

BACKGROUND Hexavalent chromium is one of the necessary indices for monitoring the soil environment of solid waste and construction land. OBJECTIVES To establish a simple, accurate and precise method for the determination of Cr(Ⅵ). METHODS Using 0.1mol/L disodium hydrogen phosphate solution (pH=9.0) as the extractant, the sample was treated by microwave digestion at the optimized temperature and time, ensuring the destruction of the solid sample matrix. All Cr(Ⅵ) in the lattice was dissolved into the solution, and oxidation of Cr(Ⅲ) was effectively inhibited. The hexavalent chromium (solution) and trivalent chromium (precipitation) was separated by 0.45μm filter membrane at pH=9.0. Cr(Ⅵ) in the sample solution, and the content of Cr(Ⅵ) was determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). RESULTS When the sample quantity was 1.00g, the microwave digestion temperature was 90℃, and the digestion time was 20min, the complete extraction and accurate determination of Cr(Ⅵ) in solid waste was guaranteed. The detection limit was 0.057mg/kg, the relative standard deviation (n=7) was lower than 3.20%, compared with HJ 687 standard method, the relative deviation is -5.6%-7.6%, and the recoveries of Cr(Ⅵ) in solid waste were 94.3% and 96.6%. Compared with the previous ICP-OES method with the detection limit of 0.83mg/kg and recovery of 87.2%, the detection limit of this method was lower by 10 times. CONCLUSIONS The proposed method has a lower detection limit, short sample pretreatment time, and high degree of automation and can be widely used in the field of environment monitoring.

Objective To explore the effect of transvaginal mesh structured training on the operation of flesh cadaver specimens. Methods Nine trainees participated in the structured training, they were postgraduates majoring in urogynecology or advanced training doctors in Peking Union Medical College. The courses included theoretical teaching,operation demonstration and fresh cadaveric specimens teaching, and practice operation procedure on the specimens by themselves. The special questionnaire survey was carried out on all the trainees at the end of the training. The self-evaluation indexes before and after the training was compared. Results The theoretical level and operation ability of the trainees after training were significantly improved, and their confidence in surgical anatomy, surgical procedures and complications management was also significantly improved(P＜0.05). Conclusions It is pragmatically feasible and effective to provide structured training based on cadaver specimens for transvaginal mesh surgery.

Narrative medicine is a medical practice with narrative skills. Narrative medicine education is to train and cultivate the narrative ability of medical students, such as reflection and empathy, through specific training methods. There are mainly two methods: close reading of literary works and narrative reflective writing (parallel medical record writing). In western countries, the narrative medicine has been widely valued by medical colleges and universities, but it just began in China. The teaching of obstetrics and gynecology should pay more attention to the humanistic care for women, and the narrative medical education mode suitable for national conditions and social culture in China is worth trying and promoting.

BACKGROUND Organic matter is the most important component in shale, and organic pore is an important reservoir space of shale gas. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), the mainstream microscopic analysis and detection technology, has become an important means of shale research. The comprehensive study of organic matter is gradually becoming an important part of shale gas exploration and development. OBJECTIVES To summarize the microscopic morphology of organic matter in organic shale of the Longmaxi Formation and discuss its hydrocarbon generation and reservoir ability according to its internal structure and composition characteristics. METHODS The organic shale of the Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin and its periphery were polished with argon ion, and the samples were examined by high resolution field emission scanning electron microscope under the condition of low voltage and close working distance. RESULTS There were three main microscopic forms of organic matter in the organic shale of the Longmaxi Formation, which were structure-type sedimentary organic matter, differentiated symbiotic organic matter and interstitial migration organic matter. The structural sedimentary organic matter formed in the stage of sedimentation and early diagenetic evolution, and retained some biological structure characteristics or sedimentary directional structure. Differentiated symbiotic organic matter interacted with clay minerals and underwent evolutionary differentiation, forming a 'granitic structure' similar to that in magmatic rocks. On the other hand, the interstitial migration organic matter was formed in the high evolution stage of late diagenetic organic matter, and the liquid hydrocarbon filled in the intergranular of authigenic minerals, and the surrounding minerals had euhedral characteristics. The shale of the Longmaxi Formation was dominated by organic matter pores-rich interstitial migration organic matter and differentiated symbiotic organic matter, which were the high-quality gas parent materials of the Longmaxi Formation shale, with high reservoir performance. CONCLUSIONS The research results provide deep-level micro-information for the theory of shale gas formation and the evaluation of exploration and development in the Longmaxi Formation in China.

This paper explores the soil anti-scourability characteristics of land use types in the northeast black soil region, takes the surface soil (0-10 cm) of three main land use types (including natural grassland, sylphus pine plantation and cultivated land) in the typical black soil region as the research object, analyzes the difference of soil anti-scourability coefficient of different land use types, and defines the influence of soil physical and chemical properties and root characteristics on soil anti-scourability. Identify the key factors affecting soil scourability. The results showed that: (1) the soil loss under different land use types changed sharply in the first 2 min of scour, and gradually stabilized with the extension of scour time; On the whole, the soil loss of natural grassland was the smallest, while that of cultivated land was the largest. (2) The soil scourability of different land use types was as follows: natural grassland > plantation forest > cultivated land; Compared with the cultivated land after reclamation, the soil anti-scour property of Pinus sylvestris plantation was significantly improved, and the soil loss was significantly reduced. (3) The geometric characteristic parameters of roots of natural grassland and Pinus sylvestris plantation were significantly higher than those of cultivated vegetation, and the root volume density had the greatest effect on soil anti-scour coefficient. The effects of different diameter classes of fine roots on soil scourability of three land use types were as follows: 1.5-2 mm>1-1.5 mm>0.5-1 mm>0-0.5 mm. This study can provide a theoretical basis for evaluating the soil consolidation and water conservation ability of vegetation in northeast black soil region.

The effects of pesticide application on the diversity of culturable bacteria in the soil of corn farmland in Sanjiang Plain were studied, and the bacteria capable of degrading acetochloramine in the soil samples were screened. In the black soil of corn farmland where “ethyldiazine 86” was applied, the experimental group and the control group were set, and the culturable bacteria in the soil samples of the two groups were cultured and screened by coating plate method. The 16S rRNA gene sequences and morphological characteristics were analyzed to determine the species of bacteria. Selective medium was designed to screen pesticide degrading bacteria. 19481 strains of culturable bacteria were cultured in the experiment, including 7854 strains in the experimental group and 11627 strains in the control group. A total of 65 strains were screened, purified and preserved, including 16 strains of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria, 9 strains of nitrogen fixing bacteria and 4 strains of pesticide degrading bacteria. The community structure of soil bacteria was mainly composed of Pseudomonas, Pantoea and Bacillus, and the dominant bacterium was Pseudomonas. The four pesticide-degrading bacteria were all Pseudomonas migulae. Long-term application of pesticides can reduce the number of culturable-bacteria in the soil, and the bacteria richness is also decreased. This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the bacterial diversity of pesticide residue soil, protection and sustainable utilization of black soil.

This paper summarized the nursing process of a case of immune pneumonia after repeated use of Treprilimab. The nursing measures included respiratory system nursing, medication nursing, psychological nursing, discharge rehabilitation guidance and follow-up. (本文总结1例多次使用特瑞普利单抗并发免疫性肺炎的护理措施, 包括呼吸系统护理、用药护理、心理护理、出院康复指导及随访等。)

This paper presents an ultra-wideband(UWB) microstrip patch antenna with a simple pentagonal geometry and two notches. The UWB characteristics is achieved by using defective ground and impedance conversion methods, yielding a frequency band coverage from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz where the voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR) is no more than 2. A rectangular slit and a narrow U-shape slot are etched in on the patch and feed-line respectively to achieve notch performance at WLAN band(5.15 GHz~5.85 GHz) and X-band communication downlink band(7.25 GHz~7.7 GHz). The antenna presents good radiation characteristics in its operational UWB, and measured results are in good agreements with the simulation, which accordingly validates the design.

The study of the commonness and differences of natural circulation of different liquid metals plays an important role in improving the safety of reactors. The numerical simulation of liquid metal natural circulation heat transfer was carried out by CFX, and its heat transfer coefficient, flow, and outlet temperature were studied. The factor analysis method was used to analyze the influence of the interaction between factors and the contribution rate of each factor. It can be found that the commonality of heat exchange between different liquid metals is that the heat transfer coefficient is mainly affected by the power, the contribution rate of power to the heat transfer coefficients of liquid sodium, sodium-potassium alloy, lead, and lead-bismuth alloy reached 40.16, 78.16, 97.95, and 92.19%, respectively; the flow rate and outlet temperature of the liquid metal increase with the increase of power; the flow rate and outlet temperature are hardly affected by pressure. The difference is that the heat transfer coefficients of liquid metals have different trends with the change of power; in addition, the interaction between the factors of heat transfer coefficient is different; the heat transfer coefficient of liquid sodium and sodium-potassium alloy is affected by pressure, the pressure affects the heat transfer coefficient by coupling with power or inlet temperature. In general, the heat transfer performance of sodium is the best, with a much higher heat transfer coefficient than the other three liquid metals; the natural circulation ability of sodium-potassium alloy is the strongest, and its flow velocity is greater than other liquid metals.

Background/Aims: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is often accompanied by increased oxidative stress and euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS). The cause of ESS is unknown, and it is unknown whether there exists a link between oxidant stress and ESS in CRF patients. Therefore, we aim to investigate oxidative stress and type 1 deiodinase (DIO1) expression, which plays the key role in the ESS in CRF patients. Methods: In-patients with CRF were divided into the two group: Group 1 is ESS patients consisting of 60 patients with low free triiodothyronine (FT3) and Group 2 consisting of 60 patients with normal FT3. Group 3 consisted of 60 healthy volunteers recruited as controls. The baseline clinical parameters of patients were evaluated with standard routine methods in a clinical laboratory. Serum levels of 8-isoprostane and DIO1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between oxidative stress, DIO1 and FT3. Results: The concentrations of serum 8-Isoprostane in Group 1 and Group 2 were substantially higher than that of Group 3 (p< 0.05), however there was no significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 (p=0.516). The serum DIO1 level was higher in Group 2 than in Group 1 and Group 3 (p< 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that the DIO1 concentration and FT3 level were not associated with the concentration of serum 8-Isoprostane. Conclusions: CRF patients showed elevated oxidative stress. The CRF patients without ESS showed higher expression of DIO1 than patients with ESS and the control group. The concentration of serum 8-Isoprostane was not correlated with FT3 and DIO1 levels.

Background/Aims: Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with diabetes and insulin resistance, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of the current study was to determine the molecular effects of intermittent hypoxia (IH) on hepatic insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis, and whether c-Jun NH2-terminal-kinase (JNK) contributed to metabolic responses to IH in liver cells. Methods: The human HepG2 cells and rat FAO cells were exposed to 10, 30, 120, 240 or 360 cycles of IH (1% O2 for 60 s followed by 21% O2 for 60s, 7.5 cycles per hour) or normoxia as a control. In a subgroup, we exposed cells to 360 cycles of IH with the JNK inhibitor SP600125. After IH exposure, cell glycogen content and glucose output were measured using colorimetric assay kits. Canonical insulin signaling and gluconeogenic genes were measured by western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: IH decreased insulin-stimulated protein kinase B (AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation in a time-dependent manner, while inhibiting forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) expression and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) transcription independent of insulin signaling. JNK inhibitor SP600125 partially restored AKT/ GSK-3β phosphorylation and glycogen synthesis, but did not affect other IH-induced glucose metabolic changes. Conclusion: IH in vitro impaired insulin signal transduction in liver cells as assessed by inhibited AKT/GSK-3β phosphorylation via JNK activation. IH inhibited FOXO1 and gluconeogenesis in an insulin-independent manner.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Hesperidin (Hes) and chlorogenic acid (CA) are traditional medicinal molecules that abundantly exist in natural plants or foods. These compounds have been shown to prevent and suppress various cancers and therefore can be utilized as adjunctive therapies to aid cancer treatment. Here, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays show a greater synergistic inhibitory effect on the growth of breast cancer cells, MCF-7, but not normal breast cells, MCF-10A, than hesperidin or chlorogenic acid alone. We present the possible molecular signaling pathways in MCF-7 cells with or without herbal molecule treatments via proteomic approaches. The data were further analyzed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) and confirmed by quantifying mRNA associated with the estrogen-receptor signaling pathway and mitochondrial functions. We demonstrated that the expression of CYC1, TFAM, ATP5PB, mtATP6, mtDNA, and NRF-1 were decreased upon 12 h treatment, and subsequent ATP production was also significantly decreased at 24 h. These results identified a synergistic effect induced by combinational treatment with hesperidin and chlorogenic acid, which can regulate mitochondria and ATP production through the estrogen receptor pathway in MCF-7 cells. However, none of the treatments induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), suggesting that ROS likely plays no role in the observed pharmacological activities. Overall, our study sheds light on the adequacy of hesperidin and chlorogenic acid to serve as an adjunctive therapy when co-administrated with chemotherapy drugs in breast cancer patients.

One of the research hotspots in the field of high-temperature alloys was to search the substitutional elements for Re in order to prepare the single-crystal Ni-based superalloys with less or even no Re addition. To find the elements with similar or even lower diffusion coefficients in comparison with that of Re was one of the effective strategies. In multicomponent alloys, the interdiffusivity matrix were used to comprehensively characterize the diffusion ability of any alloying elements. Therefore, accurate determination of the composition-dependant and temperature-dependent interdiffusivities matrices of different elements in γ and γ' phases of Ni-based superalloys was high priority. The paper briefly introduces of the status of the interdiffusivity matrices determination in Ni-based superalloys, and the methods for determining the interdiffusivities in multicomponent alloys, including the traditional Matano-Kirkaldy method and recently proposed numerical inverse method. Because the traditional Matano-Kirkaldy method is of low efficiency, the experimental reports on interdiffusivity matrices in ternary and higher order sub-systems of the Ni-based superalloys were very scarce in the literature. While the numerical inverse method newly proposed in our research group based on Fick's second law can be utilized for high-throughput measurement of accurate interdiffusivity matrices in alloys with any number of components. After that, the successful application of the numerical inverse method in the high-throughput measurement of interdiffusivity matrices in alloys is demonstrated in fcc (γ) phase of the ternary Ni-Al-Ta system. Moreover, the validation of the resulting composition-dependant and temperature-dependent interdiffusivity matrices is also comprehensively made. Then, this paper summarizes the recent progress in the measurement of interdiffusivity matrices in γ and γ' phases of a series of core ternary Ni-based superalloys achieved in our research group. Up to now, the interdiffusivity matrices in γ and γ' phases of the core ternary systems including Ni-Al-X (X=Rh, Ta, W, Re, Os and Ir) have been efficiently measured, and their reliability has also been carefully validated. Based on the experimental results, the interdiffusivities for different elements in Ni-based superalloys are carefully compared, from which the potential substitutional alloying elements for Re in Ni-based supperalloys as well as the points for alloy composition design are proposed. Finally, the research work of next step on the measurement of interdiffusivity matrices in Ni-based superalloys as well as the development trends of high-throughput measurement of interdiffusivities in our research group are pointed out.