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Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The variations of the different cephalometric analyses available have shown that many of their standards do not fit all patients, which could be due to the fact that they emerged in populations and contexts with different characteristics. Objective: To validate a cephalometric analysis designed for adolescents from Santiago de Cuba. Methods: A development investigation was carried out at Mártires del Moncada Provincial Stomatological Clinic in Santiago from Cuba from January, 2021 to February, 2023. Two random samples were studied, one of specialists for the selection of the variables to include in the design of the cephalometric analysis and another of experts for its validation. The validation of aspect, content and criterion was carried out implementing the Moriyama criteria. Results: The cephalometric analysis CefaloSan had 32 measures grouped in six areas that allowed to make a dental, skeletical, dentoskeletical, detemining, structural internal and of the soft tissues analysis. In the validation a global qualification of agreement was obtained among all the experts regarding the five criteria, evaluated with the maximum punctuation. They considered that CefaloSan is comprehensible, because it presents defined components and a justifiable topic, being derived from data that can be obtained and it is also sensitive to variations. The level of acceptance of the instrument exceeded 80 %, result that was statistically significant. Conclusions: The cephalometric analysis proposed constitutes a tool that will allow to achieve a more complete diagnosis of the patient, contextualizing it to the typical characteristics of Cubans and the diagnostic necessities.

La maloclusión es el segundo problema más recurrente en la salud bucal, la etiología de las maloclusiones es multifactorial, relacionándose con factores de riesgo ambiental y genético, el desarrollo del análisis cefalométrico que permite evaluar el desarrollo y crecimiento para determinar el diagnóstico y la planificación del tratamiento, los análisis cefalométricos usados en esta investigación son los análisis de Ricketts, Jaraback y Steiner. Objetivo: Determinar la fiabilidad de los análisis cefalométricos en el diagnóstico de la malformación óseo dentaria. Metodología: Se ha recopilado información de las radiografías laterales de cráneo de los pacientes que asistieron al Posgrado de Ortodoncia, para ser empleados en tres tipos de análisis cefalométricos con el fin de obtener información de las malformaciones óseo dentales y poder verificar si existe fiabilidad de los análisis utilizados en esta investigación para su análisis y comparación siendo cuantitativa, descriptiva, correlacional y estadística. Resultados: Clase Esqueletal: Clase I, A. Riquetts 50,56%, A. Jaraback 48.89%, A. Steiner 48.89%. Clase II, A. Riquetts 37.78%, A. Jaraback 42.22%, A. Steiner 42.22% Clase III, A. Riquetts 6.67%, A. Jaraback 8.89%, A. Steiner 8.89%, Inclinación de los Incisivos Inferiores: normal, Riquetts 33,33%, A. Jaraback 33.33%, A. Steiner 0% proinclinado Riquetts 62.22%, A. Jaraback 55.56%, A. Steiner 80%, retroinclinado Riquetts 4.44%, A. Jaraback 11.11%, A. Steiner 20.00% Conclusiones: Los datos en clase esqueletal, posición de los maxilares superior e inferior y las inclinaciones dentales presenta coincidencia entre los resultados, persiste una variación que no interfiere la planificación del tratamiento.

Copyright of Clinical Orthodontics is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Complications associated with the abnormal eruption of third molars can be avoided with germenectomy of these teeth. Objective: To characterize the evolution of third molar germenectomy in patients with a cephalometric diagnosis of abnormal bud. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in the Maxillofacial Surgery Service at Saturnino Lora Torres Provincial Hospital, from February 2019 to March 2021. Thirty two patients aged 13 to 15 years were studied, with 78 third molars undergoing surgery. The variables were age, sex, skin color, location and position of the third molar; as well as trans and postoperative complications and evolution. Results: Among the 32 patients included in the study, the female sex (62.5%) and the age of 14 years (40.6%) predominated. Complications that occurred during germenectomy were more frequent in the lower arch. Although no statistically significant differences were perceived according to location (p value > 0.05); with 30 intraoperative for 38.4% and 75 postoperative for 96.2%. Conclusions: There is evidence of a markedly favorable evolution after germenectomy of third molars in the population of patients with cephalometric diagnosis of abnormal bud. In them, transoperative bleeding and postoperative pain are the complications to consider in this type of surgical procedure.

Malocclusion is usually treated based on clinical decisions complemented with a cephalometric analysis, allowing the comparison of an individual with standard reference norms. Cephalometric standards have mostly been obtained from Caucasian population, but may not be appropriate for other ethnic groups, becoming a clinically relevant problem in multicultural and multiracial societies. The present study aimed to establish cephalometric norms for Chilean-Latino population, using a representative sample of class I individuals in permanent dentition. A sample of 72 cephalometric x-rays of class I growing individuals (47 women and 25 men) between 10 and 20 years of age with class I occlusion and harmonic profile was obtained from the records of the Universidad de los Andes taken between 2012 and 2019, including 1164 individuals. The radiographs were classified according to their cervical vertebral maturation status, and cephalometrically analyzed, obtaining vertical and sagittal parameters in soft and hard tissues, which were compared with Caucasian cephalometric norms. The statistical analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics (T-test, ANOVA and Bonferroni tests). Cephalometric norms were obtained for hard and soft tissues. Upon comparison with Caucasian norms, the subjects included in the sample present a tendency towards a convex profile, significant incisal proclination, dental protrusion, labial biprotrusion and an acute nasolabial angle. There are cephalometric differences between the Caucasian cephalometric norms and those observed Chilean Latino population, displaying differences at a hard and soft tissue level that should be taken into account for clinical decision making in Orthodontics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Logopedia e Comunicazione is the property of Edizioni Centro Studi Erickson SpA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The upper airspace is essential to understand the physiology and pathogenesis of its obstruction, complementary exams based on images have been used to evaluate the upper airspace. The objective of this study was to evaluate, by means of computed tomography, the upper airways (UAS), in relation to anatomical variables, emphasizing the gonial angle and comparing it with volume in mm2, sex and age. A total of 124 computed tomography scans were analyzed using DICOM files (digital image communication in medicine) made available by a radiology clinic using the ITK-snap program (version 3.6.0), upper airway volumes, sex, age and gonial angle values on both the right and left sides were tabulated in a table in the Excel 2010 program of the Microsoft Office 2010 package, and subsequently analyzed in the SPSS software with statistical analysis using the Levene Test and also the ANOVA test, to obtain of the results. The values found for the gonial angle did not indicate a significant difference. However, the present work confirms that within each of these groups there is a homogeneity of variances, corroborating the results reported in the literature. However, regarding the volume of the upper airways, we found that in men and in individuals aged over 34 years, the volume is greater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RGO: Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia is the property of RGO: Revista Gaucha de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: Se ha comprobado que hay una relación estrecha entre la respiración oral y el tratamiento con bloques gemelos dentro del campo de la ortodoncia. En el respirador bucal las características del cuadro clínico varían en dependencia de la parte de la vía aérea que esté alterada, de la salud y el biotipo. Se realizó una revisión narrativa con las palabras clave: Respiración, respiración bucal, vías aéreas superiores, cefalometría, cefalograma faríngeo y sus combinaciones. Objetivo: Actualizar sobre los estudios del uso de bloques gemelos en pacientes respiradores bucales. Desarrollo: Para el diagnóstico de la respiración bucal se han utilizado diversos medios, entre ellos, la telerradiografía lateral de cráneo y la confección del cefalograma faríngeo. La cefalometría es un método válido en el diagnóstico de las anomalías de las vías aéreas superiores, evalúa los cambios que acontecen en los pacientes tras la colocación de bloques gemelos. Se basan en principios estéticos que favorecen la aceptación de los pacientes. Conclusiones: Tras la utilización de los bloques gemelos se producen modificaciones favorables de las vías aéreas superiores, corroborado por el cefalograma faríngeo.

Copyright of Avances en Odontoestomatologia is the property of Ediciones Avances SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The usefulness of craniometric landmarks in neurosurgical practice lies in the documented relationship they have with the underlying encephalic and vascular structures, being relevant when planning and performing surgical approaches and thus reducing their associated morbidity. In spite of this, there are no published data on the distances of these craniometric points in the Chilean population. Forty-five dry adult skulls were used. Measurements of the superficial distances between midsagittal craniometric points were made. The average superficial distance between nasion and bregma was 12.71 cm; between bregma and lambda, 12.34 cm; between lambda and inion, 6.64 cm; between inion and opisthocranium, 5.16 cm; between lambda and opisthocranium, 3.88 cm and between inion and opisthion, 5.16 cm. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were found between the group studied with data obtained from the literature in the nasion-bregma, bregma-lambda, and lambda-opisthocranium distances. The distances between the different craniometric points in Chilean skulls were characterized in the present study, with some differences between the data in the literature that must be understood in the context of the related surgical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: Determinar la distribución morfológica de las Clases II según su naturaleza esqueletal en una muestra de población adulta de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Chile. Materiales y métodos: La muestra experimental estuvo compuesta por 220 telerradiografías laterales de cráneo de individuos mayores de 18 años con ángulos ANB mayores a 4°. Para asignar la naturaleza esqueletal se midieron los ángulos SNA y SNB. Resultados: Se obtuvo que la naturaleza esqueletal más frecuente fue la mandibular seguido por la maxilar. Además, se obtuvieron tres nuevas naturalezas esqueletales las cuales, según el análisis de la literatura pertinente, no habían sido descritas explícitamente con anterioridad (bi-protruida, bi-retruida y en norma). Conclusiones: La naturaleza esqueletal de las maloclusiones Clase II más frecuente en nuestro estudio fue la naturaleza mandibular. Las variantes bi-retruida y bi-protruida deberían ser incorporadas en el diagnóstico esqueletal, especialmente la variante bi-retruida, debido a su significativa alta frecuencia y relevancia clínica.

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Odontología. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo is the property of Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: craniofacial growth and development can be evaluated through lateral head radiographs, in order to provide a good diagnosis and an effective treatment plan. Objective: to identify the relationship between the length of the upper jaw and the facial biotype in individuals aged 18 to 45 years in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador, during the year 2019. Method: a quantitative, descriptive and relational study was carried out; the sample was of 160 lateral head radiographs obtained in a maxillofacial dental radiology center in the city of Cuenca. AutoCAD software was used for the cephalometric tracing. For statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test and Tukey's post hoc test were used with a reliability level of 95% (p

Copyright of RGO: Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia is the property of RGO: Revista Gaucha de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Universally, it has been accepted that the postero-anterior cephalogram presents less distortion than any other x-ray radiograph; for this reason, the measurements taken on it are considered reliable. Objective: To determine for a postero-anterior cephalogram, what percentage of distortion is present in different regions of the skull and mandible. Methods: Thirty human skulls with their mandibles were divided by three horizontal and four vertical planes in fifteen quadrants, resulting ten in the skull and five in the mandible. In each quadrant, one vertical and one horizontal steel wire were fixed and their lengths were measured (real value). To each set, a postero-anterior cephalogram was taken and the wire images were measured (radiograph value). Results: No measurement could be taken in the lateral quadrants of the skull. The horizontal measurement in the right and left intermediate inferior quadrants of the skull and in the right and left intermediate and lateral quadrants of the mandible is not reliable; in the median quadrant of the mandible it is minimized; in the median and intermediate superior right and left quadrants of the skull and median quadrant of the mandible it is magnified. The vertical measurement in all the quadrants is reliable; in the right and left intermediate superior quadrants of the skull and right and left intermediate and lateral quadrants of the mandible it is magnified; in the right and left intermediate inferior and median superior and inferior quadrants of the skull and median quadrant of the mandible it is minimized. The minimum distortion for both measurements is present in the median superior quadrant of the skull. The percentage of distortion in each quadrant for both measurements is reported. Conclusions: Distortion is present in the postero-anterior cephalogram and it varies from one region to another of the face.

Introduction: Determination of the SN-Frankfort angle has been a constant used for many decades with a value of 7°. However, several studies have refuted that statement, based on the influence of sociodemographic factors on the variation of this angle. On the other hand, the importance of its determination is crucial to achieve an accurate diagnosis. Objective: Evaluate the variation of the SN-Frankfort angle according to the facial biotype of patients. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional observational retrospective study was conducted. The sample was 225 lateral cephalometric radiographs of patients aged 12-35 years attending the Orthodontics Service of Hipólito Unanue Hospital in the period 2014-2017. Inclusion criteria were complied with, and selection was made by simple random probability sampling. Manual tracing was performed to evaluate the cephalometric radiographs. Facial biotype was determined by the VERT index, and the SN-Frankfort angle was then obtained. Two statistical methods were used for agreement and reproducibility evaluation: the Kappa index for evaluation of the facial biotype and the interclass correlation coefficient for determination of the angle. Results: Average SN-Frankfort angle was 10.46 ± 3.02° for the dolichofacial biotype, 10.12 ± 3.03° for the mesofacial biotype and 10.39 ± 3.48° for the brachifacial biotype. Female patients had greater SN-Frankfort angulation (10.69 ± 3.04) than male patients (9.73 ± 3.23); p= 0.026. Conclusions: Variation was found in the SN-Frankfort angle according to the facial biotype, but those differences were not significant. Significantly greater SN-Frankfort angulation was found among female patients.

Introduction: Early intervention in the abnormal eruption of third molars could reduce the number of patients with associated discomfort and the appearance of alterations caused by dental retention. Objective: Validate the cephalometric prediction model for third molar eruption developed by González Espangler. Methods: A cross-sectional longitudinal descriptive study was conducted of adolescents from Rafael María de Mendive Senior High School in Santiago de Cuba from January 2017 to March 2020. The two random samples examined consisted of 21 students aged 15-18 years and 29 health sciences professionals. The variables considered were sex, skin color, location, training stage, posterior bony space, angulation, mesiodistal diameter, predictive factors and type of third molar eruption. Results: Abnormal eruption prevailed: 19.0% in location 1.8; 17.9% in 2.8; 21.4% in 3.8 and 20.2% in 4.8. Significant differences were not observed between average values for posterior bony space, angulation and mesiodistal diameter, and the study reference. Validation of the model by expert criteria obtained a global agreement score of 100%. Conclusions: The cephalometric prediction model validated in the study is viable for the prediction of third molar eruptions in the population.

The objective of this research was to determine the preferred movements in the maxilla and mandible to obtain normality in facial morphology using superimposition techniques in 3D analysis. A descriptive study was carried out to evaluate bimaxillary bone displacement and hyoid bone in subjects facial class II and facial class III undergoing orthognathic surgery. were used as fixed points for superimposition: Nasion (N) - Silla (S) - Porion (Po) and the zygomatic-maxillary suture (Z). These points were superimposed in pre-surgical and postsurgical CBCT and was evaluated to displacement of the anterior nasal spine, Point A, Point B, Chin and the hyoid bone. For the evaluation and comparison of continuous variables before and after orthognathic surgery, was used the Student's t test. For the correlation between the variables, the Spearman test is used, considering a p value <0.05 as a significant difference. 44 subjects between 18 and 40 years old of both sexes were included in this research. A 90% of subjects a was performed a maxillay sagittal movement. The sagittal movement of mandibular advancement was performed in 100% with facial class type II, while 100 % of the subjects with with facial class type III had a mandibular recession. The hyoid bone advanced in 26 of the 27 subjects with facial class type II. It is possible to conclude that there is a tendency for maxillary advancement, independent of facial deformity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo. Evaluar los tipos de perfil facial blando mediante los ángulos de convexidad facial (ACF) y convexidad facial total (ACFT) y su relación con la posición distal de los segundos molares primarios en niños entre 3 y 5 años. Métodos. Estudio transversal en 28 niños chilenos con al menos un apellido de origen español y dentición primaria completa, quienes cumplían con los requisitos del estudio. Para evaluar el ACF y ACFT se tomó fotografía digital estandarizada del perfil lateral. Con la prueba exacta de Fisher se comparó los perfiles blandos según edad y género, y con t de Student para muestra única se evaluó los promedios angulares. Resultados. Para el ACF la media fue 167,1° ± 5,1, y para ACFT 145,8° ± 3,7. Se observó convexidad alta del ACF en 21,4% de los niños, media en 60,7% y baja en 17,9%; y para el ACFT en 17,9%, 67,9% y 14,2% respectivamente. El promedio del ACF para la relación molar escalón mesial, plano vertical y escalón distal fue de 169,2° ± 3.7, 168° ± 4,9 y 162,5°±4,8, mientras que para ACFT fue 146,7° ± 4,4, 146,3° ± 3,6 y 143,5° ± 2,8 respectivamente. Conclusiones. Se observó para ACF relación significativa entre la presencia de perfil convexo alto y escalón distal, además de diferencia significativa entre el promedio de este ángulo en escalón distal en comparación al promedio de referencia. El ACF puede ser indicador aceptable de escalón distal, sin embargo, no es certero al evaluar un plano vertical o escalón mesial.

Introduction. Crowding, crooked, irregular and protruding teeth have been a problem in some individuals since ancient times, and attempts to correct this disorder go back at least to 1000 B.C. The importance of facial esthetics and soft tissue relations were described systematically in 1850 by Norman Kingsley's Oral deformities book. Angle developed orthodontics as a specialty, with himself as "the father of modern orthodontics". Objective. To compare Mexican and Caucasian male and female adolescent samples by using the Tweed-Merrifield cephalometric analysis. Methodology. The sample consisted in a total of 57 Mexican patients, 35 girls and 22 boys with an average age of 12.54 years. Class I and Class II Angle malocclusions were present and all these patients were treated orthodontically by a specialist (M.G.P.G.). Images of pre-treatment lateral skull radiographs were paired by age (± 6 months), sex and malocclusion. These samples were compared to 49 untreated controls from the Bolton-Brush Growth Study Center, Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. The cephalograms of the two samples were traced, digitized, and analyzed by descriptive cephalometric analysis. Results. Mexican female adolescents showed a more vertical accentuated pattern, with less favorable sagittal relationship between maxilla to mandible, more uprighted lower incisors, and larger anterior and posterior face heights. Resulting in a more vertical proportion in the face (hyperdivergent), mandibular retrusion, and in thicker and protruding upper lips, resulting in convex profiles. Mexican males' differences were very similar to females, without statistical significance in the upper lip's thickness and Z angle. Conclusions. Understanding the differences between Mexican and Caucasian populations may be clinically useful when establishing a diagnosis, forecast, treatment planning, monitoring and in the establishment of the objectives for the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer la precisión en la identificación de puntos cefalométricos de los residentes del postgrado de ortodoncia UC. Se utilizaron 10 radiografías digitalizadas seleccionadas aleatoriamente para ser analizadas mediante trazado asistido por computadora (software Odomax) por 7 residentes del primer año y un ortodoncista como control. Se computaron las coordenadas de la localización de los puntos cefalométricos: S, Na, A, B, Go y Gn. Se realizaron gráficas de dispersión 2D y elipses con 95% de confianza. Se evaluó la precisión en la localización de los puntos cefalométricos y el límite preestablecido de tolerancia clínica fue de 2 mm. Se reportó mayor dispersión en sentido vertical en los puntos Na (-2,031 mm), A (-1,028mm) y B (0,262mm); mientras que en sentido horizontal S (0,0504mm) y Gn (-3,63mm). El patrón de Gonion fue totalmente disperso en ambos ejes (-2,232mm). Se concluye que la identificación de puntos cefalométricos mediante el trazado asistido por computadora no mostró precisión en el grupo de residentes evaluados. Valores de precisión clínicamente aceptable se encontraron solamente en el punto Silla.

Copyright of Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Odontología Vital is the property of Universidad Latina de Costa Rica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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El trabajo investigativo buscó determinar las diferencias de tipo esqueletal y de inclinación dental que se exhibe comparando medidas cefalométricas de personas con labio y paladar hendido (LPH) y personas con ausencia de cualquier trastorno bucofacial. El estudio fue de tipo observacional, descriptivo y transversal utilizando radiografías laterales de cráneo archivadas en historias clínicas de 20 individuos con labio y paladar hendido frente a 20 individuos sin fisuras bucofaciales de entre 6 y 16 años de edad. Manualmente, se realizaron los análisis cefalométricos donde el 100% de los pacientes con labio y paladar hendido presentaron clase III esqueletal, en tanto que, los individuos sin fisuras abarcan el 50% en clase I, 35% clase II y 15% clase III. La inclinación dental preponderante para los individuos con labio y paladar hendido fue de proinclinación para el incisivo inferior y retroinclinación para el incisivo superior, en tanto, el grupo de control presenta mayor proinclinación en el incisivo superior y normo inclinación para el incisivo inferior. Se logró establecer diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la inclinación del incisivo superior del grupo de control y del grupo de estudio (p=0,002; t=3,25; gl=38), además, diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la discrepancia ósea del grupo de control y del grupo de estudio (p=0,00; U=9).

Introducción: numerosos estudios mencionan que las variaciones del crecimiento y orientación del ángulo de la base craneal pueden alterar la posición de ambos maxilares en relación con la base craneal. En este estudio, se busca relacionar el ángulo de la base craneal con las clases esqueletales, en telerradiografías laterales de pacientes adultos que acudieron a la Clínica Odontológica del Instituto Latinoamericano de Estudios Superiores, de la ciudad de Asunción, Paraguay, entre los años 2010 y 2018. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal retrospectivo. Para clasificar la clase esqueletal, se utilizó el ángulo ANB de Steiner, y para determinar el ángulo de la base craneal posterior, el NSBa de Varjanne y Koski. Luego, se aplicó la prueba chi-cuadrado para relacionar el ángulo de la base craneal y las clases esqueletales, con un nivel de confianza del 95 %. Resultados: formaron parte del estudio 185 telerradiografías laterales de cráneo de pacientes que acudieron a la clínica. La media del ángulo NSBa fue 128.4 ° ± 5.17 °; la clase I fue de 128.27 ° ± 5.27 °; la clase II, de 129.1 ° ± 4.7 °; y la clase III, de 127.84 ° ± 5 °. El 65.95 % posee valores del ángulo NSBa fuera de la norma, de los cuales el 87.7 % presentan un ángulo cerrado. Conclusión: el promedio del ángulo de la base craneal estaba fuera de la norma en todas las clases esqueletales, siendo más frecuente la flexión craneal, en orden decreciente para las clases III, I y II.

Objetivo: evaluar cefalométricamente en los planos sagital y vertical la estabilidad de pacientes con maloclusión clase III sometidos a cirugía ortognática bimaxilar. Métodos: estudio longitudinal en 20 pacientes (11 mujeres), con un promedio de 22.5 años y diagnóstico de hipoplasia del tercio medio facial y prognatismo mandibular, tratados con ortodoncia y cirugía ortognática bimaxilar. Se realizaron tres radiografías cefálicas laterales por cada paciente: una previa al procedimiento quirúrgico (T1), otra a los 8 meses posquirúrgicos (T2) y a los 18 meses posquirúrgicos (T3). Se evaluaron los cambios en el plano X y Y en los tres tiempos, realizando las pruebas estadísticas pertinentes con el fin de observar diferencias. Resultados: se encontraron medidas más estables en el maxilar superior en sentido vertical y sagital, mientras que la mandíbula es menos estable a los movimientos quirúrgicos, principalmente en sentido vertical (diferencias estadísticamente significativas p

Objetivo: o objetivo do estudo é associar o perímetro cefálico e correlacionar a fatores maternos/obstétricos e neonatais, em recém-nascidos atendidos na maternidade de um hospital do interior do Ceará, Brasil. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo, quantitativo, de análise documental e descritiva, realizado em um hospital e maternidade da cidade de Sobral/CE, onde foram analisados os prontuários que datassem do ano 2015. Resultados: foram avaliados 554 prontuários que preencheram todos os critérios de seleção para a inclusão no estudo. Comparando-se o gênero com o perímetro cefálico, encontrou-se que 76,71% encontravam-se na faixa da normalidade, com maior incidência do sexo masculino (40,79%). Analisando-se o peso ao nascer com o perímetro cefálico, predominou o intervalo de 31,5 cm a 37 cm, com peso maior ou igual a 2500g (66,96%). Avaliando-se o índice Apgar com o perímetro cefálico, observou-se o predomínio de recém-nascidos dentro da normalidade com o índice Apgar de 7-10 (67,5%). Em relação a idade gestacional, predominou o intervalo entre 37 a 41 semanas gestacionais (50%) e perímetro cefálico de 31,5 cm a 37 cm, representando 42,06%. Conclusão: Foi visto no presente estudo que um perímetro cefálico dentro da normalidade está correlacionado diretamente com outros bons parâmetros de desenvolvimento.

Objetivo: Determinar si existe diferencia en la posición del hueso hioides entre pacientes Clase III esquelética, según su patrón vertical. Métodos: El estudio incluyó 102 radiografías cefalométricas correspondientes a pacientes Clase III esquelética (7 - 17 años) pertenecientes al Servicio de Ortodoncia y Ortopedia Maxilar del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño (periodo 2014 - 2016). Se estudiaron seis variables para determinar la posición del hueso hioides, según el Ángulo del Plano Mandibular (FMA): Grupo I (n=57; FMA=21°- 29°) y grupo II (n=45; FMA≥30°). Resultados: Las medidas promedio para la variable Distancia Punto Hyoidale – Perpendicular Pterigoidea (H-PTRper) fueron 3,44 ± 6,89 mm para el grupo I y -1,66 ± 6,75 mm para el grupo II; Distancia Punto Hyoidale – Sella perpendicular (H-Sper), 19,38 ± 7,17 mm y 13,37 ± 7,27 mm respectivamente; Distancia Punto Hyoidale – Horizontal de la tercera vértebra cervical (H-C3Chor), -14,96 ± 6,04 mm y -17,12 ± 6,64 mm; Distancia Punto G - Horizontal de la tercera vértebra cervical (G-C3Chor), -5,64 ± 6,09 mm y -5,23 ± 6,43 mm; Ángulo Eje del Hioides – Perpendicular pterigoidea (EjeH-PTRper), 71,07 ± 7,71º y 65,64 ± 8,43º; Ángulo Eje del Hioides - Horizontal de la tercera vértebra cervical (EjeHC3Chor), 18,92 ± 7,67º y 24,19 ± 8,39º. Conclusiones: Se determinó que la posición del hueso hioides en pacientes con patrón esquelético Clase III difiere según la divergencia facial, siendo más posterior y con una mayor inclinación horaria en pacientes hiperdivergentes. No se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la posición vertical del hueso hioides.

The incisors are a key factor in dental occlusion and dentofacial aesthetics; therefore, the sagittal position and inclination of the incisors is a key parameter in diagnosis and orthodontic treatment planning. In some cases, the orthodontist will use more than one cephalometric analysis, and thus different results can be obtained. The aim of this study was to establish the diagnostic agreement among the different cephalometric measurements used to determine the anteroposterior position and the inclination of the incisors. Lateral cephalometric radiograms of patients between 18 and 59 years old were measured (n=260). Digital cephalometric measurements were made with Dolphin Imaging software, by a single calibrated operator. Here, a specific cephalometric analysis was designed in the software analysis editor. The results for each variable and each measurement were registered and compared. Fleiss's Kappa statistical tests, Cohen's Kappa, and Kendall's coefficient were used to determine the strength of agreement using the Minitab software. The results showed diagnostic strength agreement between slight and moderate among measurements of the same variable. This indicates that same diagnosis might not be obtained when using different approaches to measure the anteroposterior position and inclination of the incisors. It was concluded that there is a difference in the diagnosis between one measurement and another because the results showed slight or moderate strength of agreement. However, in some cases, better agreement was found when the measurements were compared as a function of the diagnostic response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present study aims to perform a reproducibility study of the clivus-canal angle (CCA), Welcker's basal angle (WBA), and the distance from the odontoid process to Chamberlain's line (DOCL) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: Two medical students and two radiologists respectively evaluated 100 and 50 consecutive MRI scans of adult skulls, selected randomly. Each examiner, working independently and blinded to the previous results, performed readings for each patient on two different occasions. Measurements were performed in T1-weighted sequences acquired in the midsagittal plane. The levels of intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver agreement were evaluated by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Results: The mean values obtained by the examiners were 150° for the CCA, 130° for the WBA, and 2.5 mm for the DOCL. The ICC for interobserver agreement was 0.980, 0.935, and 0.967, for the CCA, WBA, and DOCL, respectively, for the students, compared with 0.977, 0.941, and 0.982, respectively, for the radiologists, and 0.980, 0.992, and 0.990, respectively, for all of the examiners together. In the analysis of intraobserver agreement, the ICC ranged from 0.929 to 0.959 for the CCA, from 0.918 to 0.964 for the WBA, and from 0.918 to 0.981 for the DOCL. Conclusion: The measurement of the CCA, WBA, and DOCL appears to show excellent intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver agreement on MRI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Odontología Vital is the property of Universidad Latina de Costa Rica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, the premise in orthodontics dictates that cephalometric parameters or norms should preferably be taken from a sample similar to the craniofacial characteristics of each patient, which favors diagnosis and therapy according to the general norms of their lineage.2 Objective. To evaluate to the average of values cephalometric of soft tissue of a sample of a Mexican children between eight and 11 years of age, and contrast this with the measures standardized by Legan and Burstone (1980).3 Material and methods. Was evaluated 50 lateral skull radiographs obtained from a convenience sample (25 girls and 25 boys) between eight and 11 years of age with skeletal class I, II and III, without orthodontic or orthopedic treatment, who attended for the first time FEBUAP. Once the tracings and cephalometric measurements had been made the average values of nine facial measurements were determined, taken from the Legan and Burstone analysis in Mexican infants, and a comparison was made with the sample of the original study of the cited authors of Caucasian ethnicity. Results. Some differences were found in the values of the Mexican child population sample with the Caucasian norms where the interlabial space, the exposure of the upper incisor and the mentolabial groove were similar; the angle of convejity, maxillary protrusion, upper and lower lip protrusion, mandibular protrusion and nasolabial angle are divergent (p = 0.05). However, these measures did not present statistical significance shown with a confidence level of 95% regarding the values between sexes, there were no significant differences in any of the measures. Conclusions. The norms established in Caucasians for the Legan analysis of soft tissues can be applied to the subjects of the Mexican children sample without distinction by sex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetive: To determine the prevalence of the different skeletal patterns in a sample of patients aged 8.5 to 12 years old, using Ricketts cephalometric analysis. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was proposed, considering a sample consisting of 40 patients aged 8.5 to 12 years treated in the Orthopaedics Department at the University Clinic of The Universidad UTE, Quito-Ecuador, between July 2015 and February 2018. Ricketts summary analysis was used to determine the skeletal pattern and establish the maxilla-mandibular relationship; measurements of maxillary convexity, maxillary depth, facial axis and facial depth were recorded. The data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, measures of central tendency and dispersion. Results: The predominant skeletal pattern was Class II (52.5%), followed by the Class I skeletal pattern (40%) and Class III (7.5%) Conclusions: The most prevalent skeletal pattern was Class II. There was not a direct relationship or association with the patient's sex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciencias de la Salud is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Odontología. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo is the property of Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RSBO: Revista Sul-Brasileira de Odontologia is the property of UNIVILLE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)