30 results on '"CAZALIS, FABIENNE"'
Search Results
2. Parental descriptions of sensory processing in Autism
- Author
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Brouche, Sandra, Rigal, Natalie, and Cazalis, Fabienne
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Saccadic Eye Movements in Adults with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Author
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Zalla, Tiziana, Seassau, Magali, Cazalis, Fabienne, Gras, Doriane, and Leboyer, Marion
- Abstract
In this study, we examined the accuracy and dynamics of visually guided saccades in 20 adults with autism spectrum disorder, as compared to 20 typically developed adults using the Step/Overlap/Gap paradigms. Performances in participants with autistic spectrum disorder were characterized by preserved Gap/Overlap effect, but reduced gain and peak velocity, as well as a greater trial-to-trial variability in task performance, as compared to the control group. While visual orienting and attentional engagement were relatively preserved in individuals with autistic spectrum disorder, overall these findings provide evidence that abnormal oculomotor behavior in autistic spectrum disorder reflects an altered sensorimotor control due to cerebellar abnormalities, rather than a deficit in the volitional control of eye movements. This study contributes to a growing body of evidence implicating this structure in the physiopathology of autism.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Chapitre 9. L’approche biomédicale de l’autisme
- Author
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Cazalis, Fabienne, primary
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. How to assess sensory information processing in children and adolescents with autism spectrum condition: A systematic review
- Author
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Brouche, Sandra, primary, Cazalis, Fabienne, additional, and Rigal, Natalie, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Evidence That Nine Autistic Women Out of Ten Have Been Victims of Sexual Violence
- Author
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Cazalis, Fabienne, primary, Reyes, Elisabeth, additional, Leduc, Séverine, additional, and Gourion, David, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Métacognition des enfants et adolescents sur le spectre de l'autisme : étude sur la base de données partagées ABIDE II
- Author
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Brouche, Sandra, Cazalis, Fabienne, Rigal, Natalie, Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales (CAMS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), and Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)
- Subjects
[SCCO]Cognitive science ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2022
8. L'approche biomédicale de l'autisme
- Author
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Cazalis, Fabienne, primary
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Liens entre spécificités sensorielles et sévérité des symptômes dans le trouble du spectre de l’autisme chez de jeunes enfants
- Author
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Brouche, Sandra, Bloch, Emma, Rigal, Natalie, Cazalis, Fabienne, Baleyte, Jean-Marc, Recasens, Christophe, Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales (CAMS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU), EA 4430, Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Neuropsychologie et imagerie de la mémoire humaine (NIMH), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Saclay – ENS Paris-Saclay – Sorbonne Université, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), and Brouche, Sandra
- Subjects
[SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2020
10. Comment caractériser les femmes autistes à l'âge adulte?
- Author
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Lacroix, Adeline, Cazalis, Fabienne, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Union Nationale pour le Développement de la Recherche et de l’Evaluation en Orthophonie, Sylvia Topouzkhanian, and Géraldine Hilaire-Debove
- Subjects
adult ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,autism ,diagnostic ,women ,camouflaging - Abstract
International audience; Autism had predominantly be described and studied in males. On one hand, it is related to the thought that this condition would be essentially found in males; on the other hand, it comes from the idea that autistic symptoms would be similar in men and women. The later perspective tends to minimize some autistic specificities more common in women and, consequently, can conduct clinicians to miss women’s diagnosis. Yet, recent research demonstrated that autistic women sometimes slightly distinguish from males by specific phenotypic characteristics, despite similar core symptoms. Autistic females often appear to be more socially integrated and their verbal as well as nonverbal communication can be more efficient. Moreover, their specific interests usually seem to be less atypical. Nevertheless, all these domains are impaired in autistic female as compared to non-autistic population. Furthermore, they experienced executive function impairments, emotional distress, as well as specific women issues, for instance, specificities when experiencing maternity. Regarding every day professional and personal challenges autistic women have to face, there is a need to provide research findings to clinician in order to improve their knowledge and their ability to better identify, understand and support autistic women of all ages.; L’autisme a majoritairement été décrit et étudié à partir de populations masculines. Cela tient d’une part à la croyance que cette condition se retrouve essentiellement chez les garçons et d’autre part, à une conception que les manifestations autistiques seraient identiques chez l’homme et la femme. Cette dernière approche a l’écueil de minimiser certaines caractéristiques propres aux femmes et, par voie de conséquence, de passer à côté du diagnostic d’autisme chez ces dernières. Or, les recherches récentes montrent que les femmes autistes, malgré des symptômes fondamentaux similaires aux hommes autistes, présentent parfois un phénotype qui se distingue sensiblement de celui de leurs pairs masculins. Il n’est pas rare que leur insertion sociale puisse sembler plus réussie et que leur communication verbale et non verbale soit plus adaptée. Par ailleurs, leurs intérêts paraissent souvent moins atypiques. Néanmoins, tous ces aspects restent une réelle source de difficultés chez elles, et à ceux-ci viennent s’ajouter des difficultés de fonctionnement exécutif, émotionnel et des problématiques liées à leur condition de femme, comme la maternité. Devant les nombreux défis que cette population a à relever quotidiennement tant d’un point de vue personnel que professionnel, il est primordial que les cliniciensaient une meilleure connaissance des caractéristiques des femmes autistes afin de mieux les repérer, les comprendre et les accompagner à tous les âges de la vie.
- Published
- 2019
11. Exploration of the French version of the Q-ASC: a tool for investigating the female autistic profile
- Author
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Lacroix, Adeline, Cumin, Julie, Duret, Pauline, Tsaag-Valren, Amélie, Rynkiewicz, Agnieszka, Mottron, Laurent, Cazalis, Fabienne, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Faculty of Medicine, Neurodevelopmental Disorders Research Lab, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales (CAMS), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2019
12. What can we learn by including autistic people in the scientific process?
- Author
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Lacroix, Adeline, Cumin, Julie, Tsaag-Valren, Amélie, Duret, Pauline, Mottron, Laurent, Cazalis, Fabienne, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales (CAMS), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2019
13. Characterizing adult autistic women
- Author
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Lacroix, Adeline, Cazalis, Fabienne, Lacroix, Adeline, Sylvia Topouzkhanian, Géraldine Hilaire-Debove, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Union Nationale pour le Développement de la Recherche et de l’Evaluation en Orthophonie
- Subjects
[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,adult ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,[SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,[SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology ,autism ,diagnostic ,women ,camouflaging - Abstract
Autism had predominantly be described and studied in males. On one hand, it is related to the thought that this condition would be essentially found in males; on the other hand, it comes from the idea that autistic symptoms would be similar in men and women. The later perspective tends to minimize some autistic specificities more common in women and, consequently, can conduct clinicians to miss women’s diagnosis. Yet, recent research demonstrated that autistic women sometimes slightly distinguish from males by specific phenotypic characteristics, despite similar core symptoms. Autistic females often appear to be more socially integrated and their verbal as well as nonverbal communication can be more efficient. Moreover, their specific interests usually seem to be less atypical. Nevertheless, all these domains are impaired in autistic female as compared to non-autistic population. Furthermore, they experienced executive function impairments, emotional distress, as well as specific women issues, for instance, specificities when experiencing maternity. Regarding every day professional and personal challenges autistic women have to face, there is a need to provide research findings to clinician in order to improve their knowledge and their ability to better identify, understand and support autistic women of all ages., L’autisme a majoritairement été décrit et étudié à partir de populations masculines. Cela tient d’une part à la croyance que cette condition se retrouve essentiellement chez les garçons et d’autre part, à une conception que les manifestations autistiques seraient identiques chez l’homme et la femme. Cette dernière approche a l’écueil de minimiser certaines caractéristiques propres aux femmes et, par voie de conséquence, de passer à côté du diagnostic d’autisme chez ces dernières. Or, les recherches récentes montrent que les femmes autistes, malgré des symptômes fondamentaux similaires aux hommes autistes, présentent parfois un phénotype qui se distingue sensiblement de celui de leurs pairs masculins. Il n’est pas rare que leur insertion sociale puisse sembler plus réussie et que leur communication verbale et non verbale soit plus adaptée. Par ailleurs, leurs intérêts paraissent souvent moins atypiques. Néanmoins, tous ces aspects restent une réelle source de difficultés chez elles, et à ceux-ci viennent s’ajouter des difficultés de fonctionnement exécutif, émotionnel et des problématiques liées à leur condition de femme, comme la maternité. Devant les nombreux défis que cette population a à relever quotidiennement tant d’un point de vue personnel que professionnel, il est primordial que les cliniciensaient une meilleure connaissance des caractéristiques des femmes autistes afin de mieux les repérer, les comprendre et les accompagner à tous les âges de la vie.
- Published
- 2019
14. Cognition dans les expériences de nature
- Author
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Cazalis, Fabienne, Granon, Sylvie, Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales (CAMS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and cazalis, fabienne
- Subjects
[SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2017
15. Perceived stress and physical health among French university PhD students
- Author
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Haag, P., Shankland, R., Osin, E., Boujut, É., Cazalis, Fabienne, Bruno, A.-S., Vrignaud, P., Gay, M.-C., Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire sur les enjeux Sociaux - sciences sociales, politique, santé (IRIS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratoire Inter-universitaire de Psychologie : Personnalité, Cognition, Changement Social (LIP-PC2S ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Vysšaja škola èkonomiki = National Research University Higher School of Economics [Moscow] (HSE), Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé (LPPS (URP_4057)), Université de Paris (UP), Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales (CAMS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'histoire sociale des mondes contemporains (CHS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
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Activité physique ,Stress perçu ,Santé ,Health ,Physical activity ,Sommeil ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Higher education ,Perceived stress ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Sleep quality ,Enseignement supérieur - Abstract
International audience; Few studies have focused on PhD students in France despite the fact that this population appears to be particularly vulnerable to stress and often faces precariousness. This research investigated associations between socio-demographic factors, health behaviours, perceived stress and physical health in a wide sample of PhD students (n = 1923) in order to have a better understanding of this population's specificities. Our results indicated that stress is a critical issue among PhD candidates. Predictors of perceived stress were: gender, age, satisfaction with supervision, sleep quality and sports practice. Findings from this study confirm the relevance of the transactional model to investigate students’ health issues and suggest that physical activity and stress management should be encouraged through health promotion programs.; Alors que la santé physique et mentale des étudiants de premier cycle universitaire a fait l’objet de nombreuses recherches, y compris en France, plus rares sont les publications portant sur les effets du stress chez les doctorants. La présente étude, réalisée auprès d’un large échantillon de doctorants (n = 2013), a mesuré l’effet de variables socio-démographiques et de comportements de santé sur le stress perçu et les symptômes somatiques. Les résultats montrent que le niveau de stress perçu des doctorants est élevé. Les prédicteurs du stress sont les suivants : sexe, âge, filière, satisfaction liée à l’encadrement, activité physique et sommeil. Dans une perspective transactionnelle, cette recherche apporte des éléments significatifs de compréhension d’une population encore peu étudiée et propose des pistes de recherche et d’application.
- Published
- 2018
16. Autism spectrum conditions (ASC) in females – clinical perspectives on diagnosis and new directions in assessment construct
- Author
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Rynkiewicz, Agnieszka, Garnett, Michelle, Attwood, Tony, Brownlow, Charlotte, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Hadjikhani, Nouchine, Lassalle, Amandine, Sarah, Ormond, Pieniążek, Agata, Kalisz, Karolina, Cazalis, Fabienne, Lacroix, Adeline, Łucka, Izabela, Faculty of Medicine, Neurodevelopmental Disorders Research Lab, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland, Minds & Hearts: A Clinic for Autism Specialist Conditions, Brisbane, Australia, Griffith University [Brisbane], Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Medical Centre for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders, Rzeszów, Poland, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK, Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales (CAMS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Department of Developmental, Psychotic and Geriatric Psychiatry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Subjects
[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2017
17. Faire face aux nouveaux défis environnementaux Comment notre cerveau permet les changements de nos comportements ?
- Author
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Cazalis, Fabienne, Granon, Sylvie, Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales (CAMS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cynthia FLEURY, Anne-Caroline PRÉVOT, and PERIGNON, Alain
- Subjects
[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology ,[SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology ,[SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,[SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences ,[SDV.NEU.SC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 2017
18. Approche biomédicale de l’autisme
- Author
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Cazalis, Fabienne, cazalis, fabienne, Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales (CAMS), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health ,[SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2014
19. Curiosités de l’enfantement, éditions L’instant Présent
- Author
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Cazalis, Fabienne, Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales (CAMS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and cazalis, fabienne
- Subjects
[SDV.BDLR.RS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology/Sexual reproduction ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SDV.BDLR.RS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology/Sexual reproduction - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2011
20. 'fMRI: functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging'
- Author
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Cazalis, Fabienne, Poldrack, Russell, cazalis, fabienne, Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales (CAMS), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging ,[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2009
21. Saccadic eye movements in adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder
- Author
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Zalla, Tiziana, primary, Seassau, Magali, additional, Cazalis, Fabienne, additional, Gras, Doriane, additional, and Leboyer, Marion, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. The neural basis of task switching changes with skill acquisition
- Author
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Jimura, Koji, primary, Cazalis, Fabienne, additional, Stover, Elena R. S., additional, and Poldrack, Russell A., additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Pivotal Role of Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Working Memory after Traumatic Brain Injury in Youth
- Author
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Cazalis, Fabienne, primary, Babikian, Talin, primary, Giza, Christopher, primary, Copeland, Sarah, primary, Hovda, David, primary, and Asarnow, Robert F., primary
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Metabolic Levels in the Corpus Callosum and Their Structural and Behavioral Correlates after Moderate to Severe Pediatric TBI
- Author
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Babikian, Talin, primary, Marion, Sarah DeBoard, additional, Copeland, Sarah, additional, Alger, Jeffry R., additional, O'Neill, Joseph, additional, Cazalis, Fabienne, additional, Mink, Richard, additional, Giza, Christopher C., additional, Vu, Jennifer A., additional, Hilleary, Suzanne M., additional, Kernan, Claudia L., additional, Newman, Nina, additional, and Asarnow, Robert F., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. fMRI study of problem-solving after severe traumatic brain injury
- Author
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Cazalis, Fabienne, primary, Feydy, Antoine, additional, Valabrègue, Romain, additional, Pélégrini-Issac, Mélanie, additional, Pierot, Laurent, additional, and Azouvi, Philippe, additional
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Script knowledge after severe traumatic brain injury
- Author
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CAZALIS, FABIENNE, primary, AZOUVI, PHILIPPE, additional, SIRIGU, ANGELA, additional, AGAR, NATHALIE, additional, and BURNOD, YVES, additional
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Effect of diffuse axonal lesions on working memory: a fMRI study
- Author
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Cazalis, Fabienne, primary, Asloun, Sybille, additional, Granon, Sylvie, additional, Feydy, Antoine, additional, Pierot, Laurent, additional, Burnod, Yves, additional, and Azouvi, Philippe, additional
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Functional MR imaging study of tower of London performance
- Author
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Asloun, Sybille, primary, Cazalis, Fabienne, additional, Granont, Sylvie, additional, Bittoun, Jacques, additional, Toro, Roberto, additional, Robbins, Trevor, additional, Rogers, Robert, additional, Azouvi, Philippe, additional, and Burnod, Yves, additional
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. The neural basis of task switching changes with skill acquisition.
- Author
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Koji Jimura, Cazalis, Fabienne, Stover, Elena R. S., and Poldrack, Russell A.
- Subjects
TASKS ,COGNITION ,BRAIN physiology ,CEREBRAL cortex ,LEARNING - Abstract
Learning novel skills involves reorganization and optimization of cognitive processing involving a broad network of brain regions. Previous work has shown asymmetric costs of switching to a well-trained task vs. a poorly-trained task, but the neural basis of these differential switch costs is unclear. The current study examined the neural signature of task switching in the context of acquisition of new skill. Human participants alternated randomly between a novel visual task (mirror-reversed word reading) and a highly practiced one (plain word reading), allowing the isolation of task switching and skill set maintenance. Two scan sessions were separated by 2 weeks, with behavioral training on the mirror reading task in between the two sessions. Broad cortical regions, including bilateral prefrontal, parietal, and extrastriate cortices, showed decreased activity associated with learning of the mirror reading skill. In contrast, learning to switch to the novel skill was associated with decreased activity in a focal subcortical region in the dorsal striatum. Switching to the highly practiced task was associated with a non-overlapping set of regions, suggesting substantial differences in the neural substrates of switching as a function of task skill. Searchlight multivariate pattern analysis also revealed that learning was associated with decreased pattern information for mirror vs. plain reading tasks in fronto-parietal regions. Inferior frontal junction and posterior parietal cortex showed a joint effect of univariate activation and pattern information. These results suggest distinct learning mechanisms task performance and executive control as a function of learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Stress perçu et santé physique des doctorants dans les universités françaises
- Author
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P. Haag, R. Shankland, E. Osin, É. Boujut, F. Cazalis, A.-S. Bruno, P. Vrignaud, M.-C. Gay, Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire sur les enjeux Sociaux - sciences sociales, politique, santé (IRIS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratoire Inter-universitaire de Psychologie : Personnalité, Cognition, Changement Social (LIP-PC2S ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), National Research University Higher School of Economics [Moscow] (HSE), Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé (LPPS (URP_4057)), Université de Paris (UP), Centre d'Analyse et de Mathématique sociales (CAMS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'histoire sociale des mondes contemporains (CHS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vysšaja škola èkonomiki = National Research University Higher School of Economics [Moscow] (HSE), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and cazalis, fabienne
- Subjects
Gerontology ,050103 clinical psychology ,Stress management ,Stress perçu ,Higher education ,education ,Population ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Enseignement supérieur ,[SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Transactional leadership ,Stress (linguistics) ,Sommeil ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,General Psychology ,education.field_of_study ,Santé ,Sleep quality ,business.industry ,Physical activity ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Physical health ,Perceived stress ,3. Good health ,Activité physique ,Health promotion ,[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Health ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,business ,Psychology ,0503 education - Abstract
Few studies have focused on PhD students in France despite the fact that this population appears to be particularly vulnerable to stress and often faces precariousness. This research investigated associations between socio-demographic factors, health behaviours, perceived stress and physical health in a wide sample of PhD students (n = 1923) in order to have a better understanding of this population's specificities. Our results indicated that stress is a critical issue among PhD candidates. Predictors of perceived stress were: gender, age, satisfaction with supervision, sleep quality and sports practice. Findings from this study confirm the relevance of the transactional model to investigate students’ health issues and suggest that physical activity and stress management should be encouraged through health promotion programs., Alors que la santé physique et mentale des étudiants de premier cycle universitaire a fait l’objet de nombreuses recherches, y compris en France, plus rares sont les publications portant sur les effets du stress chez les doctorants. La présente étude, réalisée auprès d’un large échantillon de doctorants (n = 2013), a mesuré l’effet de variables socio-démographiques et de comportements de santé sur le stress perçu et les symptômes somatiques. Les résultats montrent que le niveau de stress perçu des doctorants est élevé. Les prédicteurs du stress sont les suivants : sexe, âge, filière, satisfaction liée à l’encadrement, activité physique et sommeil. Dans une perspective transactionnelle, cette recherche apporte des éléments significatifs de compréhension d’une population encore peu étudiée et propose des pistes de recherche et d’application.
- Published
- 2018
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